1
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Wu H, Qiu Z, Wang L, Li W. Renal Fibrosis: SIRT1 Still of Value. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1942. [PMID: 39335456 PMCID: PMC11428497 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12091942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health concern. Renal fibrosis, a prevalent outcome regardless of the initial cause, ultimately leads to end-stage renal disease. Glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis are the primary pathological features. Preventing and slowing renal fibrosis are considered effective strategies for delaying CKD progression. However, effective treatments are lacking. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase belonging to class III histone deacetylases, is implicated in the physiological regulation and protection of the kidney and is susceptible to a diverse array of pathological influences, as demonstrated in previous studies. Interestingly, controversial conclusions have emerged as research has progressed. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding and advancements in the field; specifically, the biological roles and mechanisms of SIRT1 in regulating renal fibrosis progression. These include aspects such as lipid metabolism, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, oxidative stress, aging, inflammation, and autophagy. This manuscript explores the potential of SIRT1 as a therapeutic target for renal fibrosis and offers new perspectives on treatment approaches and prognostic assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huailiang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.W.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.W.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Liyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China;
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.W.); (Z.Q.)
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2
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Ma X, Jiang M, Ji W, Yu M, Tang C, Tian K, Gao Z, Su L, Tang J, Zhao X. The role and regulation of SIRT1 in pulmonary fibrosis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:338. [PMID: 38393490 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09296-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease with high incidence and a lack of effective treatment, which is a severe public health problem. PF has caused a huge socio-economic burden, and its pathogenesis has become a research hotspot. SIRT1 is a nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent sirtuin essential in tumours, Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and anti-aging. Numerous studies have demonstrated after extensive research that it is crucial in preventing the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. This article reviews the biological roles and mechanisms of SIRT1 in regulating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in terms of EMT, oxidative stress, inflammation, aging, autophagy, and discusses the potential of SIRT1 as a therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis, and provides a new perspective on therapeutic drugs and prognosis prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Ma
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Mengna Jiang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Wenqian Ji
- College of International Studies, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengjiao Yu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Can Tang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Kai Tian
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Liling Su
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, 334000, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
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Ligresti G, Raslan AA, Hong J, Caporarello N, Confalonieri M, Huang SK. Mesenchymal cells in the Lung: Evolving concepts and their role in fibrosis. Gene 2023; 859:147142. [PMID: 36603696 PMCID: PMC10068350 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal cells in the lung are crucial during development, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorders, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the most common and deadly form of fibrotic interstitial lung diseases. Originally thought to behave as supporting cells for the lung epithelium and endothelium with a singular function of producing basement membrane, mesenchymal cells encompass a variety of cell types, including resident fibroblasts, lipofibroblasts, myofibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes, which all occupy different anatomic locations and exhibit diverse homeostatic functions in the lung. During injury, each of these subtypes demonstrate remarkable plasticity and undergo varying capacity to proliferate and differentiate into activated myofibroblasts. Therefore, these cells secrete high levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and inflammatory cytokines, which contribute to tissue repair, or in pathologic situations, scarring and fibrosis. Whereas epithelial damage is considered the initial trigger that leads to lung injury, lung mesenchymal cells are recognized as the ultimate effector of fibrosis and attempts to better understand the different functions and actions of each mesenchymal cell subtype will lead to a better understanding of why fibrosis develops and how to better target it for future therapy. This review summarizes current findings related to various lung mesenchymal cells as well as signaling pathways, and their contribution to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston MA, US.
| | - Ahmed A Raslan
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston MA, US
| | - Jeongmin Hong
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston MA, US
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, US
| | - Marco Confalonieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Steven K Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, US
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Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in neonates is the most common pulmonary disease that causes neonatal mortality, has complex pathogenesis, and lacks effective treatment. It is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The occurrence and development of BPD involve various factors, of which premature birth is the most crucial reason for BPD. Under the premise of abnormal lung structure and functional product, newborns are susceptible to damage to oxides, free radicals, hypoxia, infections and so on. The most influential is oxidative stress, which induces cell death in different ways when the oxidative stress balance in the body is disrupted. Increasing evidence has shown that programmed cell death (PCD), including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis, plays a significant role in the molecular and biological mechanisms of BPD and the further development of the disease. Understanding the mode of PCD and its signaling pathways can provide new therapeutic approaches and targets for the clinical treatment of BPD. This review elucidates the mechanism of BPD, focusing on the multiple types of PCD in BPD and their molecular mechanisms, which are mainly based on experimental results obtained in rodents.
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Tian Y, Duan C, Feng J, Liao J, Yang Y, Sun W. Roles of lipid metabolism and its regulatory mechanism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A review. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 155:106361. [PMID: 36592687 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease of unknown etiology characterized by distorted distal lung architecture, inflammation, and fibrosis. Several lung cell types, including alveolar epithelial cells and fibroblasts, have been implicated in the development and progression of fibrosis. However, the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is still incompletely understood. The latest research has found that dysregulation of lipid metabolism plays an important role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The changes in the synthesis and activity of fatty acids, cholesterol and other lipids seriously affect the regenerative function of alveolar epithelial cells and promote the transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Mitochondrial function is the key to regulating the metabolic needs of a variety of cells, including alveolar epithelial cells. Sirtuins located in mitochondria are essential to maintain mitochondrial function and cellular metabolic homeostasis. Sirtuins can maintain normal lipid metabolism by regulating respiratory enzyme activity, resisting oxidative stress, and protecting mitochondrial function. In this review, we aimed to discuss the difference between normal and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lungs in terms of lipid metabolism. Additionally, we highlight recent breakthroughs on the effect of abnormal lipid metabolism on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, including the effects of sirtuins. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has its high mortality and limited therapeutic options; therefore, we believe that this review will help to develop a new therapeutic direction from the aspect of lipid metabolism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchuan Tian
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chunyan Duan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jiayue Feng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jie Liao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China.
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6
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Zhu J, Liu L, Ma X, Cao X, Chen Y, Qu X, Ji M, Liu H, Liu C, Qin X, Xiang Y. The Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2292. [PMID: 36421478 PMCID: PMC9687113 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mortality rate of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) increases yearly due to ineffective treatment. Given that the lung is exposed to the external environment, it is likely that oxidative stress, especially the stimulation of DNA, would be of particular importance in pulmonary fibrosis. DNA damage is known to play an important role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis initiation, so DNA repair systems targeting damage are also crucial for the survival of lung cells. Although many contemporary reports have summarized the role of individual DNA damage and repair pathways in their hypotheses, they have not focused on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This review, therefore, aims to provide a concise overview for researchers to understand the pathways of DNA damage and repair and their roles in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Lexin Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiaodi Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xinyu Cao
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Ming Ji
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Chi Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
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7
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Rackow AR, Nagel DJ, Zapas G, Clough RS, Sime PJ, Kottmann RM. The Novel Small Molecule BTB Inhibits Pro-Fibrotic Fibroblast Behavior though Inhibition of RhoA Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11946. [PMID: 36233248 PMCID: PMC9569993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, chronic, interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis. Although specific anti-fibrotic medications are now available, the median survival time following diagnosis remains very low, and new therapies are urgently needed. To uncover novel therapeutic targets, we examined how biochemical properties of the fibrotic lung are different from the healthy lung. Previous work identified lactate as a metabolite that is upregulated in IPF lung tissue. Importantly, inhibition of the enzyme responsible for lactate production prevents fibrosis in vivo. Further studies revealed that fibrotic lesions of the lung experience a significant decline in tissue pH, likely due to the overproduction of lactate. It is not entirely clear how cells in the lung respond to changes in extracellular pH, but a family of proton sensing G-protein coupled receptors has been shown to be activated by reductions in extracellular pH. This work examines the expression profiles of proton sensing GPCRs in non-fibrotic and IPF-derived primary human lung fibroblasts. We identify TDAG8 as a proton sensing GPCR that is upregulated in IPF fibroblasts and that knockdown of TDAG8 dampens myofibroblast differentiation. To our surprise, BTB, a proposed positive allosteric modulator of TDAG8, inhibits myofibroblast differentiation. Our data suggest that BTB does not require TDAG8 to inhibit myofibroblast differentiation, but rather inhibits myofibroblast differentiation through suppression of RhoA mediated signaling. Our work highlights the therapeutic potential of BTB as an anti-fibrotic treatment and expands upon the importance of RhoA-mediated signaling pathways in the context of myofibroblast differentiation. Furthermore, this works also suggests that TDAG8 inhibition may have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R. Rackow
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - David J. Nagel
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Gregory Zapas
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Ryan S. Clough
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Patricia J. Sime
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - R. Matthew Kottmann
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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8
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Rackow AR, Judge JL, Woeller CF, Sime PJ, Kottmann RM. miR-338-3p blocks TGFβ-induced myofibroblast differentiation through the induction of PTEN. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L385-L400. [PMID: 34986654 PMCID: PMC8884407 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00251.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease. The pathogenesis of IPF is not completely understood. However, numerous genes are associated with the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis, indicating there is a significant genetic component to the pathogenesis of IPF. Epigenetic influences on the development of human disease, including pulmonary fibrosis, remain to be fully elucidated. In this paper, we identify miR-338-3p as a microRNA severely downregulated in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and in experimental models of pulmonary fibrosis. Treatment of primary human lung fibroblasts with miR-338-3p inhibits myofibroblast differentiation and matrix protein production. Published and proposed targets of miR-338-3p such as TGFβ receptor 1, MEK/ERK 1/2, Cdk4, and Cyclin D are also not responsible for the regulation of pulmonary fibroblast behavior by miR-338-3p. miR-338-3p inhibits myofibroblast differentiation by preventing TGFβ-mediated downregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a known antifibrotic mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R. Rackow
- 1Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York,2Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | | | - Collynn F. Woeller
- 2Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York,4Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Patricia J. Sime
- 5Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Robert M. Kottmann
- 1Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York,2Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, Rochester, New York,6Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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9
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Ivanisenko NV, Seyrek K, Hillert-Richter LK, König C, Espe J, Bose K, Lavrik IN. Regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling by c-FLIP: towards targeting cancer networks. Trends Cancer 2021; 8:190-209. [PMID: 34973957 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extrinsic pathway is mediated by death receptors (DRs), including CD95 (APO-1/Fas) or TRAILR-1/2. Defects in apoptosis regulation lead to cancer and other malignancies. The master regulator of the DR networks is the cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP). In addition to its key role in apoptosis, c-FLIP may exert other cellular functions, including control of necroptosis, pyroptosis, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation, and tumorigenesis. To gain further insight into the molecular mechanisms of c-FLIP action in cancer networks, we focus on the structure, isoforms, interactions, and post-translational modifications of c-FLIP. We also discuss various avenues to target c-FLIP in cancer cells for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kamil Seyrek
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura K Hillert-Richter
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Corinna König
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Espe
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kakoli Bose
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Inna N Lavrik
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
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10
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Zullo A, Mancini FP, Schleip R, Wearing S, Klingler W. Fibrosis: Sirtuins at the checkpoints of myofibroblast differentiation and profibrotic activity. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:650-666. [PMID: 34077595 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases are still a serious concern for public health, due to their high prevalence, complex etiology and lack of successful treatments. Fibrosis consists of excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components. As a result, the structure and function of tissues are impaired, thus potentially leading to organ failure and death in several chronic diseases. Myofibroblasts represent the principal cellular mediators of fibrosis, due to their extracellular matrix producing activity, and originate from different types of precursor cells, such as mesenchymal cells, epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Profibrotic activation of myofibroblasts can be triggered by a variety of mechanisms, including the transforming growth factor-β signalling pathway, which is a major factor driving fibrosis. Interestingly, preclinical and clinical studies showed that fibrotic degeneration can stop and even reverse by using specific antifibrotic treatments. Increasing scientific evidence is being accumulated about the role of sirtuins in modulating the molecular pathways responsible for the onset and development of fibrotic diseases. Sirtuins are NAD+ -dependent protein deacetylases that play a crucial role in several molecular pathways within the cells, many of which at the crossroad between health and disease. In this context, we will report the current knowledge supporting the role of sirtuins in the balance between healthy and diseased myofibroblast activity. In particular, we will address the signalling pathways and the molecular targets that trigger the differentiation and profibrotic activation of myofibroblasts and can be modulated by sirtuins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Zullo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, Benevento, Italy.,CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies s.c.a.r.l. Naples, Italy
| | | | - Robert Schleip
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Germany.,Fascia Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Ulm University, Germany.,Diploma University of Applied Sciences, Bad Sooden-Allendorf, Germany
| | - Scott Wearing
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Werner Klingler
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Germany.,Fascia Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Ulm University, Germany.,Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Anaesthesiology, SRH Hospital Sigmaringen, Germany
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11
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Konikov-Rozenman J, Breuer R, Kaminski N, Wallach-Dayan SB. CMH-Small Molecule Docks into SIRT1, Elicits Human IPF-Lung Fibroblast Cell Death, Inhibits Ku70-deacetylation, FLIP and Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070997. [PMID: 32630842 PMCID: PMC7408087 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative capacity in vital organs is limited by fibrosis propensity. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a progressive lung disease linked with aging, is a classic example. In this study, we show that in flow cytometry, immunoblots (IB) and in lung sections, FLIP levels can be regulated, in vivo and in vitro, through SIRT1 activity inhibition by CMH (4-(4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-N-hydroxybutanamide), a small molecule that, as we determined here by structural biology calculations, docked into its nonhistone substrate Ku70-binding site. Ku70 immunoprecipitations and immunoblots confirmed our theory that Ku70-deacetylation, Ku70/FLIP complex, myofibroblast resistance to apoptosis, cell survival, and lung fibrosis in bleomycin-treated mice, are reduced and regulated by CMH. Thus, small molecules associated with SIRT1-mediated regulation of Ku70 deacetylation, affecting FLIP stabilization in fibrotic-lung myofibroblasts, may be a useful strategy, enabling tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenya Konikov-Rozenman
- Lung Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.-R.); (R.B.)
| | - Raphael Breuer
- Lung Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.-R.); (R.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 670 Albany St, 4th Floor, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, POB 208057, 300 Cedar Street TAC-441 South, New Haven, CT 06520-8057, USA;
| | - Shulamit B. Wallach-Dayan
- Lung Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (J.K.-R.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2-6776622
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