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Roh Y, Kim J, Song H, Seol A, Kim T, Park E, Park K, Lim S, Wang S, Jung Y, Kim H, Lim Y, Hwang D. Impact of the Oral Administration of Polystyrene Microplastics on Hepatic Lipid, Glucose, and Amino Acid Metabolism in C57BL/6Korl and C57BL/6-Lep em1hwl/Korl Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4964. [PMID: 38732183 PMCID: PMC11084201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of microplastics (MPs) on the metabolic functions of the liver is currently unclear and not completely understood. To investigate the effects of the administration of MPs on the hepatic metabolism of normal and obese mice, alterations in the lipid, glucose (Glu), and amino acid regulation pathways were analyzed in the liver and adipose tissues of C57BL/6Korl (wild type, WT) or C57BL/6-Lepem1hwl/Korl mice (leptin knockout, Lep KO) orally administered polystyrene (PS) MPs for 9 weeks. Significant alterations in the lipid accumulation, adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipolysis pathways were detected in the liver tissue of MP-treated WT and Lep KO mice compared to the vehicle-treated group. These alterations in their liver tissues were accompanied by an upregulation of the serum lipid profile, as well as alterations in the adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipolysis pathways in the adipose tissues of MP-treated WT and Lep KO mice. Specifically, the level of leptin was increased in the adipose tissues of MP-treated WT mice without any change in their food intake. Also, MP-induced disruptions in the glycogenolysis, Glu transporter type 4 (GLUT4)-5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, levels of lipid intermediates, and the insulin resistance of the liver tissues of WT and Lep KO mice were observed. Furthermore, the levels of seven endogenous metabolites were remarkably changed in the serum of WT and Lep KO mice after MP administrations. Finally, the impact of the MP administration observed in both types of mice was further verified in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HepG2 cells. Thus, these results suggest that the oral administration of MPs for 9 weeks may be associated with the disruption of lipid, Glu, and amino acid metabolism in the liver tissue of obese WT and Lep KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Roh
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Heejin Song
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Ayun Seol
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Taeryeol Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Eunseo Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Kiho Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Sujeong Lim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Suha Wang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Youngsuk Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesung Kim
- Department of Nanomechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yong Lim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Nursing and Healthcare Science, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea;
| | - Daeyoun Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Laboratory Animal Resources Center, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (Y.R.); (J.K.); (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.K.); (E.P.); (K.P.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
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You YL, Lee JY, Choi HS. S chisandra chinensis-derived gomisin C suppreses lipid accumulation by JAK2-STAT signaling in adipocyte. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1225-1233. [PMID: 37362811 PMCID: PMC10290005 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gomisin C is a lignan isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of gomisin C on lipid accumulation in adipocytes and its underlying mechanism. Gomisin C effectively inhibited lipid accumulation by downregulating adipogenic factors such as PPARγ and C/EBPα. Gomisin C-mediated suppression of lipid accumulation occurred in the early adipogenic stage; C/EBPβ was downregulated by 55%, while KLF2 was upregulated by 1.5-fold. Gomisin C significantly reduced the production of reactive oxygen species but upregulated antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, SOD1, and Gpx at the mRNA level. Gomisin C regulated NRF2-KEAP1 pathway by increasing NRF2 and decreasing KEAP1, in protein abundance. Furthermore, gomisin C suppressed the JAK2-STAT signaling pathway by decreasing phosphorylation. Taken together, gomisin C reduced early adipogenesis and ROS production by inhibiting the JAK2-STAT signaling pathway but activating the NRF2-KEAP1 signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01263-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Lim You
- Department of Food Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Hongjimun 2-Gil 20, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03016 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Lee
- Department of Food Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Hongjimun 2-Gil 20, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03016 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Son Choi
- Department of Food Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Hongjimun 2-Gil 20, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03016 Republic of Korea
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Roh YJ, Lee SJ, Kim JE, Jin YJ, Seol A, Song HJ, Park J, Park SH, Douangdeuane B, Souliya O, Choi SI, Hwang DY. Dipterocarpus tuberculatus as a promising anti-obesity treatment in Lep knockout mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1167285. [PMID: 37334306 PMCID: PMC10273273 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1167285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Dipterocarpus tuberculatus (D. tuberculatus) extracts have been examined concerning inflammation, photoaging, and gastritis; however, their effect on obesity is still being investigated. Methods We administered a methanol extract of D. tuberculatus (MED) orally to Lep knockout (KO) mice for 4 weeks to investigate the therapeutic effects on obesity, weight gain, fat accumulation, lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, and β-oxidation. Results In Lep KO mice, MED significantly reduced weight gains, food intake, and total cholesterol and glyceride levels. Similar reductions in fat weights and adipocyte sizes were also observed. Furthermore, MED treatment reduced liver weight, lipid droplet numbers, the expressions of adipogenesis and lipogenesis-related genes, and the expressions of lipolysis regulators in liver tissues. Moreover, the iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway, the inflammasome pathway, and inflammatory cytokine levels were reduced, but β-oxidation was increased, in the livers of MED-treated Lep KO mice. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that MED ameliorates obesity and has considerable potential as an anti-obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jeong Roh
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jeong Jin
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayun Seol
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Song
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jumin Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hae Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Onevilay Souliya
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Laos
| | - Sun Il Choi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-Nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program)/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
- Longevity Wellbeing Research Center/Laboratory Animals Resources Center, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
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Yang XD, Ge XC, Jiang SY, Yang YY. Potential lipolytic regulators derived from natural products as effective approaches to treat obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1000739. [PMID: 36176469 PMCID: PMC9513423 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1000739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemic obesity is contributing to increases in the prevalence of obesity-related metabolic diseases and has, therefore, become an important public health problem. Adipose tissue is a vital energy storage organ that regulates whole-body energy metabolism. Triglyceride degradation in adipocytes is called lipolysis. It is closely tied to obesity and the metabolic disorders associated with it. Various natural products such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids regulate lipolysis and can promote weight loss or improve obesity-related metabolic conditions. It is important to identify the specific secondary metabolites that are most effective at reducing weight and the health risks associated with obesity and lipolysis regulation. The aims of this review were to identify, categorize, and clarify the modes of action of a wide diversity of plant secondary metabolites that have demonstrated prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy against obesity by regulating lipolysis. The present review explores the regulatory mechanisms of lipolysis and summarizes the effects and modes of action of various natural products on this process. We propose that the discovery and development of natural product-based lipolysis regulators could diminish the risks associated with obesity and certain metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ding Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xing-Cheng Ge
- Xiangxing College, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Si-Yi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Yueyang Vocational Technical College, YueYang, China
| | - Yong-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Central of Translational Medical and Innovative Drug, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Yu Yang,
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