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Krohn LM, Klimpel F, Béziat P, Bau M. Impacts of COVID-19 and climate change on wastewater-derived substances in urban drinking water: Evidence from gadolinium-based contrast agents in tap water from Berlin, Germany. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 259:121847. [PMID: 38852394 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic gadolinium from MRI contrast agents has been detected in surface waters worldwide. It is released with the treated effluents of wastewater treatment plants, similar to other wastewater-derived substances (WWDS) such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products. We determined concentrations of the rare earth elements in tap water from Berlin, Germany, using an automated preconcentration procedure that is both time- and cost-efficient. Anthropogenic gadolinium concentrations in Berlin's tap water increased on average 30-fold between 2009 and 2021. However, the tap water composition responded quickly to the reduced number of MRI scans during the COVID-19 pandemic, and some districts show a decrease from 2016 to 2021. Since climate change causes groundwater levels to decline in many regions, this needs to be mitigated by artificial groundwater recharge with surface water. This will inevitably lead to an increase in WWDS in potable water, which can be cost-efficiently monitored using anthropogenic gadolinium as tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea M Krohn
- Critical Metals for Enabling Technologies - CritMET, School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 29759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Franziska Klimpel
- Critical Metals for Enabling Technologies - CritMET, School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 29759 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Pauline Béziat
- Critical Metals for Enabling Technologies - CritMET, School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 29759 Bremen, Germany; Institute of Biogeochemistry & Pollutant Dynamics, Dept. of Environmental Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Bau
- Critical Metals for Enabling Technologies - CritMET, School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 29759 Bremen, Germany.
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Maung ST, Tanpowpong N, Satja M, Treeprasertsuk S, Chaiteerakij R. MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma and the role of abbreviated MRI for surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 38899804 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes the majority of liver cancers and significantly impacts global cancer mortality. While ultrasound (US) with or without alpha-fetoprotein is the mainstay for HCC surveillance, its limitations highlight the necessity for more effective surveillance tools. Therefore, this review explores evolving imaging modalities and abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (AMRI) protocols as promising alternatives, addressing challenges in HCC surveillance. AREAS COVERED This comprehensive review delves into the evaluation and challenges of HCC surveillance tools, focusing on non-contrast abbreviated MRI (NC-AMRI) and contrast-enhanced abbreviated MRI protocols. It covers the implementation of AMRI for HCC surveillance, patient preferences, adherence, and strategies for optimizing cost-effectiveness. Additionally, the article provides insights into prospects for HCC surveillance by summarizing meta-analyses, prospective studies, and ongoing clinical trials evaluating AMRI protocols. EXPERT OPINION The opinions underscore the transformative impact of AMRI on HCC surveillance, especially in overcoming US limitations. Promising results from NC-AMRI protocols indicate its potential for high-risk patient surveillance, though prospective studies in true surveillance settings are essential for validation. Future research should prioritize risk-stratified AMRI protocols and address cost-effectiveness for broader clinical implementation, alongside comparative analyses with US for optimal surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soe Thiha Maung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Ma Har Myaing Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Natthaporn Tanpowpong
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Minchanat Satja
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sombat Treeprasertsuk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Roongruedee Chaiteerakij
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation and Endoscopy in Gastrointestinal Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Huang P, Tang Q, Li M, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Lei L, Li S. Manganese-derived biomaterials for tumor diagnosis and therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:335. [PMID: 38879519 PMCID: PMC11179396 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is widely recognized owing to its low cost, non-toxic nature, and versatile oxidation states, leading to the emergence of various Mn-based nanomaterials with applications across diverse fields, particularly in tumor diagnosis and therapy. Systematic reviews specifically addressing the tumor diagnosis and therapy aspects of Mn-derived biomaterials are lacking. This review comprehensively explores the physicochemical characteristics and synthesis methods of Mn-derived biomaterials, emphasizing their role in tumor diagnostics, including magnetic resonance imaging, photoacoustic and photothermal imaging, ultrasound imaging, multimodal imaging, and biodetection. Moreover, the advantages of Mn-based materials in tumor treatment applications are discussed, including drug delivery, tumor microenvironment regulation, synergistic photothermal, photodynamic, and chemodynamic therapies, tumor immunotherapy, and imaging-guided therapy. The review concludes by providing insights into the current landscape and future directions for Mn-driven advancements in the field, serving as a comprehensive resource for researchers and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qinglai Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China.
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Zimmerer A, Schulze F, Gebhardt S, Huesker K, Stobbe D, Grolimund D, Hesse B, Wassilew GI, Schoon J. Impact of gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent and local anesthetics co-administration on chondrogenic gadolinium uptake and cytotoxicity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29719. [PMID: 38681575 PMCID: PMC11053198 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The gadolinium-based contrast agent DOTA-Gd is clinically used in combination with local anesthetics for direct magnetic resonance arthrography. It remains unclear whether gadolinium uptake into cartilage is influenced by co-administration of bupivacaine or ropivacaine and whether DOTA-Gd alters their chondrotoxicity. Gadolinium quantification of chondrogenic spheroids revealed enhanced gadolinium uptake after simultaneous exposure to local anesthetics. Analyses of the spatial gadolinium distribution using synchrotron X-ray-fluorescence scanning indicates gadolinium exposed chondrocytes. In vitro exposure to DOTA-Gd does not alter viability and proliferation of human chondrocytes and the chondrotoxic potential of the anesthetics. Reduced viability induced by ropivacaine was found to be reversible, while exposure to bupivacaine leads to irreversible cell death. Our data suggest that ropivacaine is more tolerable than bupivacaine and that DOTA-Gd exposure does not alter the cytotoxicity of both anesthetics. Enhanced gadolinium uptake into cartilage due to co-administration of anesthetics should find attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zimmerer
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
- Diakonieklinikum Stuttgart, Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Orthopädische Klinik Paulinenhilfe, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Schulze
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sebastian Gebhardt
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katrin Huesker
- Immunology Department, Institute for Medical Diagnostics (IMD), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Stobbe
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Daniel Grolimund
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Hesse
- Xploraytion GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France
| | - Georgi I. Wassilew
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janosch Schoon
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
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Rétif J, Briant N, Zalouk-Vergnoux A, Le Monier P, Sireau T, Poirier L. Distribution of rare earth elements and assessment of anthropogenic gadolinium in estuarine habitats: The case of Loire and Seine estuaries in France. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171385. [PMID: 38431160 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs), attractive to society because of their applications in industry, agriculture and medicine, are increasingly released into the environment especially in industrialized estuaries. This study compared the REE distribution in the abiotic compartments: water (dissolved phase (<0.45 μm), suspended particulate matter (SPM)) and sediment of the Loire and Seine estuaries (France). A total of 8 and 6 sites were investigated in the Loire and Seine, respectively, as well as 5 additional offshore sites for the Loire. Total REE concentrations were higher in the Loire for the dissolved phase (93.5 ± 63.3 vs 87.7 ± 16.2 ng/L), SPM (173.9 ± 18.3 vs 114.0 ± 17.8 mg/kg dw) and sediments (198.2 ± 27.9 vs 73.2 ± 27.4 mg/kg dw), explained by higher geogenic inputs. Individual REE contributions along with normalization highlighted heavy REE enrichments and Gd positive anomalies in the dissolved phase of the two estuaries, whereas REE distributions in SPM and sediments followed the natural abundance of the REE classes. The calculated Gd anomalies in the dissolved phase were higher in the Seine (9.7 ± 3.4) than in the Loire (3.0 ± 0.8), corresponding to 88.3 ± 5.1 % and 64.4 ± 11.1 % of anthropogenic Gd. This demonstrates a higher contamination of the Seine estuary, certainly due to the difference in the number of inhabitants between both areas involving different amounts of Gd used in medicine. The offshore sites of Loire showed lower total REE concentrations (55.8 ± 5.8 ng/L, 26.7 ± 38.2 mg/kg dw and 100.1 ± 11.7 mg/kg dw for the dissolved phase, SPM and sediments, respectively) and lower Gd anomalies (1.2 ± 0.2) corresponding to only 13.3 ± 3.9 % of anthropogenic Gd, confirming a contamination from the watershed. This study comparing two major French estuaries provides new data on the REE distribution in natural aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rétif
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Nicolas Briant
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Aurore Zalouk-Vergnoux
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Pauline Le Monier
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Teddy Sireau
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Laurence Poirier
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France.
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Rétif J, Zalouk-Vergnoux A, Kamari A, Briant N, Poirier L. Trophic transfer of rare earth elements in the food web of the Loire estuary (France). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169652. [PMID: 38159776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The increasing use of rare earth elements (REEs) in many industrial sectors and in medecine, causes discharges into the environment and particularly in estuarine areas subjected to strong anthropogenic pressures. Here, we assessed the distribution of REEs along the food web of the Loire estuary. Several species representative of different trophic levels were sampled: 8 vertebrates, 3 crustaceans, 2 mollusks, 3 annelids and 4 algae, as well as Haploops sp. tubes rather related to sediment. The total REE concentrations measured by ICP-MS were the highest in Haploops sp. tubes (141.1 ± 4.7 μg/g dw), algae (1.5 to 34.5 μg/g dw), mollusks (9.9 to 12.0 μg/g dw), annelids (0.7 to 19.9 μg/g dw) and crustaceans (1.4 to 6.3 μg/g dw) and the lowest in vetebrates (0.1 to 1.6 μg/g dw). The individual contribution of REEs was, however, similar between most studied species with a higher contribution of light REEs (76.7 ± 7.6 %) compared to heavy REEs (14.1 ± 3.7 %) or medium REEs (9.2 ± 5.8 %). Trophic relations were estimated by stable isotope analysis of C and N and the linear regression of δ15N with total REE concentrations highlighted a trophic dilution with a corresponding TMS of -2.0. The tissue-specific bioaccumulation investigated for vertebrates demonstrated a slightly higher REE accumulation in gonads than in the muscle. Finally, positive Eu, Gd, Tb and Lu anomalies were highlighted in the normalized REE patterns of most studied species (especially in fish and crustaceans), which is consistent with results in the dissolved phase for Eu and Gd. These anomalies could either be due to anthropogenic inputs or to various bioaccumulation/elimination processes according to the specific species physiology. This study, including most of the trophic levels of the Loire estuary food web provides new insights on the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of REEs in natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rétif
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Aurore Zalouk-Vergnoux
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Abderrahmane Kamari
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Nicolas Briant
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Laurence Poirier
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France.
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Temperley HC, O’Sullivan NJ, Mac Curtain BM, Qian W, Temperley TS, Murray A, Corr A, Brennan I, Gallagher D, Meaney JF, Kelly ME. Whole-Body MRI Screening for Carriers of Germline TP53 Mutations-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1223. [PMID: 38592011 PMCID: PMC10931931 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review evaluated whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) as a cancer screening tool for individuals carrying germline TP53 mutations, a population known to be at a significantly elevated risk of malignancy. The primary objective is to assess the diagnostic performance of WB-MRI in detecting cancer in this cohort. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials were searched until 18 August 2023. Eligible studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. The data extracted included information on study characteristics, patient demographics, and the WB-MRI diagnostic performance. RESULTS This systematic review identified eight eligible studies, comprising 506 TP53 mutation carriers. The mean age was 34.6 ± 16.3 (range 1-74) years. In total, 321/506 (63.4%) of the patients were female and 185/506 (36.6%) were male. In addition, 267/506 (52.8%) had a previous oncological diagnosis. Thirty-six new cancers were diagnosed with WB-MRI (36/506 (7.1%)). The overall pooled proportion of cancer detected on MRI was 7% (95% confidence interval 5-10). In total, 44 new lesions were picked up, as multiple lesions were found in some patients. CONCLUSION WB-MRI is an effective cancer screening tool for TP53 mutation carriers. While these findings suggest the potential for WB-MRI to contribute to early cancer detection in this high-risk population, further research and the standardisation of protocols internationally are warranted to optimise its clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo C. Temperley
- Department of Radiology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Wanyang Qian
- St John of God Midland Hospital, Midland, WA 6056, Australia
| | | | - Alannah Murray
- Department of Surgery, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alison Corr
- Department of Radiology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ian Brennan
- Department of Radiology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Gallagher
- Department of Genetics, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - James F. Meaney
- Department of Radiology, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael E. Kelly
- Department of Surgery, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
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Albakri AA, Alzahrani MM, Alghamdi SH. Medical Imaging in Pregnancy: Safety, Appropriate Utilization, and Alternative Modalities for Imaging Pregnant Patients. Cureus 2024; 16:e54346. [PMID: 38500900 PMCID: PMC10945608 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the existing literature on diagnostic and medical imaging of pregnant women, the risks and safety measures of different medical imaging modalities, and alternative modalities for imaging pregnant patients. Different medical imaging modalities such as MRI, CT scan, ultrasound, nuclear medicine, and X-ray imaging help to evaluate women with recognized or unrecognized pregnancies and identify any underlying complications among pregnant patients. Fetuses are more sensitive to radiation and the effects of medical imaging as compared to adults since they have a rapidly developing cell system. During cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, fetuses suffer greatly from imaging radiation since they are developing under a dynamic system. To ensure safety, pregnant women should discuss the benefits and risks of medical imaging with their physicians. In addition, radiologists should not perform any medical imaging procedure without the patient's consent, unless the patient cannot make any sound decision. Fetal risks of medical imaging include slow growth and development of the fetus, abortion, malformations, impaired brain function, abnormal childhood growth, and neurological development. Diagnostic imaging procedures are necessary when a condition that needs medical evaluation arises during pregnancy such as appendicitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saeed H Alghamdi
- Interventional Radiology, King Fahad General Hospital, Al Baha, SAU
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Patil NS, Huang RS, Caterine S, Yao J, Larocque N, van der Pol CB, Stubbs E. Artificial Intelligence Chatbots' Understanding of the Risks and Benefits of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scenarios. Can Assoc Radiol J 2024:8465371231220561. [PMID: 38183235 DOI: 10.1177/08465371231220561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients may seek online information to better understand medical imaging procedures. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of information provided by 2 popular artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots pertaining to common imaging scenarios' risks, benefits, and alternatives. METHODS Fourteen imaging-related scenarios pertaining to computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used. Factors including the use of intravenous contrast, the presence of renal disease, and whether the patient was pregnant were included in the analysis. For each scenario, 3 prompts for outlining the (1) risks, (2) benefits, and (3) alternative imaging choices or potential implications of not using contrast were inputted into ChatGPT and Bard. A grading rubric and a 5-point Likert scale was used by 2 independent reviewers to grade responses. Prompt variability and chatbot context dependency were also assessed. RESULTS ChatGPT's performance was superior to Bard's in accurately responding to prompts per Likert grading (4.36 ± 0.63 vs 3.25 ± 1.03 seconds, P < .0001). There was substantial agreement between independent reviewer grading for ChatGPT (κ = 0.621) and Bard (κ = 0.684). Response text length was not statistically different between ChatGPT and Bard (2087 ± 256 characters vs 2162 ± 369 characters, P = .24). Response time was longer for ChatGPT (34 ± 2 vs 8 ± 1 seconds, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS ChatGPT performed superior to Bard at outlining risks, benefits, and alternatives to common imaging scenarios. Generally, context dependency and prompt variability did not change chatbot response content. Due to the lack of detailed scientific reasoning and inability to provide patient-specific information, both AI chatbots have limitations as a patient information resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil S Patil
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan S Huang
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott Caterine
- Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jason Yao
- Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Natasha Larocque
- Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Euan Stubbs
- Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Han J, Liu Y, Peng D, Liu J, Wu D. Biomedical Application of Porphyrin-Based Amphiphiles and Their Self-Assembled Nanomaterials. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:2155-2180. [PMID: 37955349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrins have been vastly explored and applied in many cutting-edge fields with plenty of encouraging achievements because of their excellent properties. As important derivatives of porphyrins, porphyrin-based amphiphiles (PBAs) not only maintain the advanced properties of porphyrins (catalysis, imaging, and energy transfer) but also possess self-assembly and encapsulation capability in aqueous solution. Accordingly, PBAs and their self-assembles have had important roles in diagnosing and treating tumors and inflammation lesions in vivo, but not limited to these. In this article, we introduce the research progress of PBAs, including their constitution, structure design strategies, and performances in tumor and inflammation lesion diagnosis and treatments. On that basis, the defects of synthesized PBAs during their application and the possible effective strategies to overcome the limitations are also proposed. Finally, perspectives on PBAs exploration are updated based on our knowledge. We hope this review will bring researchers from various domains insights about PBAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Gongchang Road 66, Guangming, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yadong Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Gongchang Road 66, Guangming, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Danfeng Peng
- Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518119, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Gongchang Road 66, Guangming, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Dalin Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Gongchang Road 66, Guangming, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
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Skeba S, Snyder M, Maltman C. Metallophore Activity toward the Rare Earth Elements by Bacteria Isolated from Acid Mine Drainage Due to Coal Mining. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2672. [PMID: 38004684 PMCID: PMC10673398 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of microbe-metal interactions has been gaining significant attention. While the direct impact of metal oxyanions on bacteria has been investigated, significantly less attention has been placed on the ability of certain microbes to 'collect' such metal ions via secreted proteins. Many bacteria possess low-weight molecules called siderophores, which collect Fe from the environment to be brought back to the cell. However, some appear to have additional roles, including binding other metals, termed 'metallophores'. Microbes can remove/sequester these from their surroundings, but the breadth of those that can be removed is still unknown. Using the Chromeazurol S assay, we identified eight isolates, most belonging to the genus Pseudomonas, possessing siderophore activity, mainly from sites impacted by coal mine drainage, also possessing a metallophore activity toward the rare earth elements that does not appear to be related to ionic radii or previously reported EC50 concentrations for E. coli. We found the strength of metallophore activity towards these elements was as follows: Pr > Sc > Eu > Tm > Tb > Er > Yb > Ce > Lu > Sm > Ho > La > Nd > Dy > Gd > Y. This is the first study to investigate such activity and indicates bacteria may provide a means of removal/recovery of these critical elements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chris Maltman
- Department of Biology, Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, PA 16057, USA
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Henoumont C, Devreux M, Laurent S. Mn-Based MRI Contrast Agents: An Overview. Molecules 2023; 28:7275. [PMID: 37959694 PMCID: PMC10648041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MRI contrast agents are required in the clinic to detect some pathologies, such as cancers. Nevertheless, at the moment, only small extracellular and non-specific gadolinium complexes are available for clinicians. Moreover, safety issues have recently emerged concerning the use of gadolinium complexes; hence, alternatives are urgently needed. Manganese-based MRI contrast agents could be one of these alternatives and increasing numbers of studies are available in the literature. This review aims at synthesizing all the research, from small Mn complexes to nanoparticular agents, including theranostic agents, to highlight all the efforts already made by the scientific community to obtain highly efficient agents but also evidence of the weaknesses of the developed systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Henoumont
- NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, 19 Avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (C.H.)
| | - Marie Devreux
- NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, 19 Avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (C.H.)
| | - Sophie Laurent
- NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, 19 Avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (C.H.)
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 Rue Adrienne Boland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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Rotili A, Pesapane F, Signorelli G, Penco S, Nicosia L, Bozzini A, Meneghetti L, Zanzottera C, Mannucci S, Bonanni B, Cassano E. An Unenhanced Breast MRI Protocol Based on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging: A Retrospective Single-Center Study on High-Risk Population for Breast Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:1996. [PMID: 37370892 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13121996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the use of contrast-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an innovative screening method for detecting breast cancer in high-risk asymptomatic women. Specifically, the researchers evaluated the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in this population. METHODS MR images from asymptomatic women, carriers of a germline mutation in either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, collected in a single center from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. A radiologist with experience in breast imaging (R1) and a radiology resident (R2) independently evaluated DWI/ADC maps and, in case of doubts, T2-WI. The standard of reference was the pathological diagnosis through biopsy or surgery, or ≥1 year of clinical and radiological follow-up. Diagnostic performances were calculated for both readers with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The agreement was assessed using Cohen's kappa (κ) statistics. RESULTS Out of 313 women, 145 women were included (49.5 ± 12 years), totaling 344 breast MRIs with DWI/ADC maps. The per-exam cancer prevalence was 11/344 (3.2%). The sensitivity was 8/11 (73%; 95% CI: 46-99%) for R1 and 7/11 (64%; 95% CI: 35-92%) for R2. The specificity was 301/333 (90%; 95% CI: 87-94%) for both readers. The diagnostic accuracy was 90% for both readers. R1 recalled 40/344 exams (11.6%) and R2 recalled 39/344 exams (11.3%). Inter-reader reproducibility between readers was in moderate agreement (κ = 0.43). CONCLUSIONS In female carriers of a BRCA1/2 mutation, breast DWI supplemented with T2-WI allowed breast cancer detection with high sensitivity and specificity by a radiologist with extensive experience in breast imaging, which is comparable to other screening tests. The findings suggest that DWI and T2-WI have the potential to serve as a stand-alone method for unenhanced breast MRI screening in a selected population, opening up new perspectives for prospective trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rotili
- Breast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Pesapane
- Breast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Signorelli
- Breast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Penco
- Breast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Nicosia
- Breast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Bozzini
- Breast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Meneghetti
- Breast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Zanzottera
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Mannucci
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Cassano
- Breast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
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Hyperbranched Polyester Polyfumaratomaleate Doped with Gd(III) and Dy(III) Ions: Synthesis, Structure and Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235298. [PMID: 36501693 PMCID: PMC9739669 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time, metal-polymer complexes have been synthesized using hyperbranched polyester polyfumaratomaleate as a matrix, the structure of which has been established by 1H NMR, IR, electron spectroscopy, and elemental analysis methods. The formation of complexes with Gd(III) and Dy(III) ions involving fumarate and maleate groups of the polyester was proved by IR and electron spectroscopy methods. It was established that the structure of the coordination units has the form of a square antiprism. The compositions and conditional logarithms of the stability constants of the complexes were determined. It was established that complexation with lanthanide ions promotes emission enhancement in the ligand.
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