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Wang S, He H, Qu L, Shen Q, Dai Y. Dual roles of inflammatory programmed cell death in cancer: insights into pyroptosis and necroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1446486. [PMID: 39257400 PMCID: PMC11384570 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1446486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is essential for cellular homeostasis and defense against infections, with inflammatory forms like pyroptosis and necroptosis playing significant roles in cancer. Pyroptosis, mediated by caspases and gasdermin proteins, leads to cell lysis and inflammatory cytokine release. It has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, where it can either suppress tumor growth or promote tumor progression through chronic inflammation. Necroptosis, involving RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL, serves as a backup mechanism when apoptosis is inhibited. In cancer, necroptosis can enhance immune responses or contribute to tumor progression. Both pathways have dual roles in cancer, acting as tumor suppressors or promoting a pro-tumorigenic environment depending on the context. This review explores the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and necroptosis, their roles in different cancers, and their potential as therapeutic targets. Understanding the context-dependent effects of these pathways is crucial for developing effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Collage of Medicine, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Huanhuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lailiang Qu
- Collage of Medicine, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Qianhe Shen
- Collage of Medicine, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Yihang Dai
- Collage of Medicine, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
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Chen R, Jiang L. A disulfidptosis-related classification and risk signature identifies immunotherapy biomarkers and predicts prognosis in gastric cancer: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38398. [PMID: 39259065 PMCID: PMC11142777 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent types of cancer globally, often detected at advanced stages. However, its prognosis remains poor, necessitating the exploration of new biomarkers. Disulfidptosis, a recently identified form of programmed cell death, has not yet been investigated in relation to GC and its associated mechanisms. We analyzed and identified potential associations between disulfidptosis genes and GC clinical risk using TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas)-STAD (stomach adenocarcinoma) as the training set and GSE84433 as the validation set. In addition, we explored the prognostic value and potential biological mechanisms of disulfide genes in GC by consensus clustering, enrichment analysis, mutation histology analysis and immune infiltration analysis. Finally, we constructed a disulfidptosis-related risk signature (DRRS) to assess the association between risk class, survival prognosis, and immune infiltration. By utilizing data from 19 disulfidptosis-related genes, we successfully identified subgroups of C1 and C2 patients through consensus clustering. Notably, the 2 groups exhibited significant variations in terms of survival rates, immune scores, and immune cell infiltration. Subsequently, we developed a DRRS via LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression analysis, incorporating PRICKLE1, NRP1, APOD, MISP3, and SERPINE1. This scoring system effectively distinguished individuals with high and low risks, as verified with a validation set. These findings strongly indicate a close association between disulfidptosis and the immune microenvironment of GC tumors. Moreover, the DRRS demonstrated commendable predictive capabilities for the survival outcomes of GC patients. In this study, we have identified the association between different subtypes of disulfidptosis and alterations in the GC immunotumour microenvironment. Furthermore, we have developed and verified the accuracy of the DRRS, a valuable tool for predicting survival, biological function, and immune infiltration in patients with GC. These findings contribute to a better comprehension of disulfidptosis and offer potential opportunities for innovative approaches in GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Chen
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lixin Jiang
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
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Zhao H, Sun R, Wu L, Huang P, Liu W, Ma Q, Liao Q, Du J. Bioinformatics Identification and Experimental Validation of a Prognostic Model for the Survival of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10828-z. [PMID: 38806973 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) kills more than four million people yearly. Creating more trustworthy tumor molecular markers for LUSC early detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and customized treatment is essential. Cuproptosis, a novel form of cell death, opened up a new field of study for searching for trustworthy tumor indicators. Our goal was to build a risk model to assess drug sensitivity, monitor immune function, and predict prognosis in LUSC patients. The 19 cuproptosis-related genes were found in the literature, and patient genomic and clinical information was collected using the Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA) database. The LUSC patients were grouped using unsupervised clustering techniques, and 7626 differentially expressed genes were identified. Using univariate COX analysis, LASSO regression analysis, and multivariate COX analysis, a prognostic model for LUSC patients was developed. The tumor immune escape was evaluated using the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) method. The R packages 'pRRophetic,' 'ggpubr,' and 'ggplot2' were utilized to examine drug sensitivity. For modeling, a 6-cuproptosis-based gene signature was found. Patients with high-risk LUSC had significantly worse survival rates than those with low-risk conditions. The possibility of tumor immunological escape was increased in patients with higher risk scores due to more immune cell inactivation. For patients with high-risk LUSC, we discovered seven potent potential drugs (AZD6482, CHIR.99021, CMK, Embelin, FTI.277, Imatinib, and Pazopanib). In conclusion, the cuproptosis-based genes predictive risk model can be utilized to predict outcomes, track immune function, and evaluate medication sensitivity in LUSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Zhao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Ruonan Sun
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Lei Wu
- College of Department of Information and Library Science, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Peiluo Huang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiuhong Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255036, China.
| | - Qinyuan Liao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China.
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China.
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Sun YD, Zhang H, Li YM, Han JJ. Abnormal metabolism in hepatic stellate cells: Pandora's box of MAFLD related hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189086. [PMID: 38342420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a significant risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), as key mediators in liver injury response, are believed to play a crucial role in the repair process of liver injury. However, in MAFLD patients, the normal metabolic and immunoregulatory mechanisms of HSCs become disrupted, leading to disturbances in the local microenvironment. Abnormally activated HSCs are heavily involved in the initiation and progression of HCC. The metabolic disorders and abnormal activation of HSCs not only initiate liver fibrosis but also contribute to carcinogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of recent research progress on the relationship between the abnormal metabolism of HSCs and the local immune system in the liver, elucidating the mechanisms of immune imbalance caused by abnormally activated HSCs in MAFLD patients. Based on this understanding, we discuss the potential and challenges of metabolic-based and immunology-based mechanisms in the treatment of MAFLD-related HCC, with a specific focus on the role of HSCs in HCC progression and their potential as targets for anti-cancer therapy. This review aims to enhance researchers' understanding of the importance of HSCs in maintaining normal liver function and highlights the significance of HSCs in the progression of MAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Dong Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Yuan-Min Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Jian-Jun Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China.
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