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Huang J, Hao Y, Lai K, Lyu L, Yuan X, Yang G, Li W, Sun C. Neurosecretory protein GL in GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): cDNA cloning, tissue distribution and effects of feeding on its expression. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 327:114096. [PMID: 35841941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), a novel neuropeptide, has been identified in the hypothalamus of chicks and rodents. NPGL plays a crucial role in monitoring energetic status via the regulation of feeding and metabolism. However, no study on NPGL has been reported in fish thus far. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of NPGL was identified from the hypothalamus of GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The ORF of tilapia NPGL is 471 bp and encodes a precursor peptide with a size of 156 a.a, consisting of a 26 a.a signal peptide and an 82 a.a mature peptide. Tissue distribution profiles of npgl in tilapia were acquired using semiquantitative PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH). The results showed that the highest npgl mRNA is expressed in the telencephalic-preoptic complex, which comprises both the telencephalon and the anterior preoptic area (POA) of male tilapia, and in the ovary of female tilapia. In addition, in male tilapia, the ISH results showed that the cells containing npgl mRNA were distributed exclusively in the anterior periventricular pretectal nucleus (Ppa) of the POA. FISH results demonstrated that npgl mRNA is also expressed in the lateral tuberal nucleus of the hypothalamus (NLT). Real-time PCR showed that npgl mRNA significantly increased in the telencephalic-preoptic complex of male tilapia that were fasted for 24 h and then fed a full diet for 20 min compared with the unfed group. Results of the FISH study showed that parvocellular cells containing npgl mRNA in the Ppa of fed fish were apparently more abundant than those of the unfed group. Few npgl positive signals also appeared in the NLT after full feeding, where pomc mRNA is highly expressed. These results indicate that NPGL may be a short-term satiety factor in fish and that the coexpression of NPGL and POMC may be present in the hypothalamus of male tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yuchen Hao
- State Key Laboratory Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Kingwai Lai
- State Key Laboratory Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Likang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Guokun Yang
- State Key Laboratory Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Wensheng Li
- State Key Laboratory Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Caiyun Sun
- State Key Laboratory Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Tanaka M, Szabó Á, Spekker E, Polyák H, Tóth F, Vécsei L. Mitochondrial Impairment: A Common Motif in Neuropsychiatric Presentation? The Link to the Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolic System. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162607. [PMID: 36010683 PMCID: PMC9406499 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly half a century has passed since the discovery of cytoplasmic inheritance of human chloramphenicol resistance. The inheritance was then revealed to take place maternally by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Later, a number of mutations in mtDNA were identified as a cause of severe inheritable metabolic diseases with neurological manifestation, and the impairment of mitochondrial functions has been probed in the pathogenesis of a wide range of illnesses including neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, a growing number of preclinical studies have revealed that animal behaviors are influenced by the impairment of mitochondrial functions and possibly by the loss of mitochondrial stress resilience. Indeed, as high as 54% of patients with one of the most common primary mitochondrial diseases, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, present psychiatric symptoms including cognitive impairment, mood disorder, anxiety, and psychosis. Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles which produce cellular energy and play a major role in other cellular functions including homeostasis, cellular signaling, and gene expression, among others. Mitochondrial functions are observed to be compromised and to become less resilient under continuous stress. Meanwhile, stress and inflammation have been linked to the activation of the tryptophan (Trp)-kynurenine (KYN) metabolic system, which observably contributes to the development of pathological conditions including neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review discusses the functions of mitochondria and the Trp-KYN system, the interaction of the Trp-KYN system with mitochondria, and the current understanding of the involvement of mitochondria and the Trp-KYN system in preclinical and clinical studies of major neurological and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanaka
- ELKH-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, University of Szeged (ELKH-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szabó
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eleonóra Spekker
- ELKH-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, University of Szeged (ELKH-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Helga Polyák
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Tóth
- ELKH-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, University of Szeged (ELKH-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- ELKH-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, University of Szeged (ELKH-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-545-351
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