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Fuchs T, Zlamy M, Zöggeler T, Appelt D, Niedermayr K, Siedl A, Gasser V, Eder J, Ellemunter H. Detection of cytokines in nasal lavage samples of patients with cystic fibrosis: comparison of two different cytokine detection assays. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:286. [PMID: 38890643 PMCID: PMC11186286 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03103-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic multisystem disorder. Inflammatory processes, which presumably begin early in infancy, play a crucial role in the progression of the disease. The detection of inflammatory biomarkers, especially in the airways, has therefore gained increasing attention. Due to improved treatment options, patients with CF produce less sputum. Nasal lavage samples therefore represent a promising alternative to induced sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. However, methodology of cytokine measurements is not standardised and comparisons of results are therefore often difficult. The aim of this study was to identify suitable detection methods of cytokines in nasal lavage samples by comparison of two different assays. METHODS Nasal lavage samples were obtained from the same patient at the same time by trained respiratory physiotherapists using a disposable syringe and 10 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride per nostril during outpatient visits. The cytokines IL-17 A, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured using two different assays (BD™ and Milliplex®), which have already been applied in sputum and nasal lavage samples, despite different lower detection limits. RESULTS 22 participants were included in the study. In 95.5% of measurements, values were below the limit of detection with respect to the BD™ assay. Only IL-6 could be detected in approximately half of the patients. Individual cytokine levels were considerably higher when measured with Milliplex®, which is also reflected in a statistically significant manner (p = < 0.01). CONCLUSION The right choice of analysis method is crucial for measuring inflammatory markers in nasal lavage samples. Compared to the literature, Milliplex® showed higher detection rates and similar concentrations to other studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION Ethics approval was obtained from the ethics committee at Medical University of Innsbruck (EK Nr: 1055/2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Fuchs
- Department of Pediatrics III, Cystic Fibrosis Centre Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Manuela Zlamy
- Tiroler Gesundheitsfond, Amt der Tiroler Landesregierung, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Zöggeler
- Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dorothea Appelt
- Department of Pediatrics III, Cystic Fibrosis Centre Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina Niedermayr
- Department of Pediatrics I, Cystic Fibrosis Centre Innsbruck, Tirol Kliniken, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anja Siedl
- Department of Pediatrics I, Cystic Fibrosis Centre Innsbruck, Tirol Kliniken, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Gasser
- Department of Pediatrics I, Cystic Fibrosis Centre Innsbruck, Tirol Kliniken, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Eder
- Department of Pediatrics I, Cystic Fibrosis Centre Innsbruck, Tirol Kliniken, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helmut Ellemunter
- Department of Pediatrics III, Cystic Fibrosis Centre Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria, Medical Research Affiliate, Innsbruck, Austria
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Kortekaas RK, Geillinger-Kästle KE, Fuentes-Mateos R, van Orsoy R, Al-Alyan N, Burgess JK, Gosens R. The disruptive effects of COPD exacerbation-associated factors on epithelial repair responses. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1346491. [PMID: 38911863 PMCID: PMC11193328 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1346491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increase mortality risk and can lead to accelerated loss of lung function. The increased inflammatory response during exacerbations contributes to worsening of airflow limitation, but whether it also impacts epithelial repair is unclear. Therefore, we studied the effect of the soluble factor micro-environment during COPD exacerbations on epithelial repair using an exacerbation cocktail (EC), composed of four factors that are increased in COPD lungs during exacerbations (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α). Methods Mouse organoids (primary CD31-CD45-Epcam+ cells co-cultured with CCL206 fibroblasts) were used to study epithelial progenitor behavior. Mature epithelial cell responses were evaluated using mouse precision cut lung slices (PCLS). The expression of epithelial supportive factors was assessed in CCL206 fibroblasts and primary human lung fibroblasts. Results EC exposure increased the number and size of organoids formed, and upregulated Lamp3, Muc5ac and Muc5b expression in day 14 organoids. In PCLS, EC imparted no effect on epithelial marker expression. Pre-treatment of CCL206 fibroblasts with EC was sufficient to increase organoid formation. Additionally, the expression of Il33, Tgfa and Areg was increased in CCL206 fibroblasts from EC treated organoids, but these factors individually did not affect organoid formation or size. However, TGF-α downregulated Foxj1 expression and upregulated Aqp5 expression in day 14 organoids. Conclusions EC exposure stimulates organoid formation and growth, but it alters epithelial differentiation. EC changes the epithelial progenitor support function of fibroblasts which contributes to observed effects on epithelial progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa K. Kortekaas
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Kerstin E. Geillinger-Kästle
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Rocío Fuentes-Mateos
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Roël van Orsoy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Nakaa Al-Alyan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Janette K. Burgess
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Sá AK, Olímpio F, Vasconcelos J, Rosa P, Faria Neto HC, Rocha C, Camacho MF, Barcick U, Zelanis A, Aimbire F. Involvement of GPR43 Receptor in Effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus on Murine Steroid Resistant Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Relevance to Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and Oxidative Stress in Human Macrophages. Nutrients 2024; 16:1509. [PMID: 38794746 PMCID: PMC11124176 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine storm and oxidative stress are present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Individuals with COPD present high levels of NF-κB-associated cytokines and pro-oxidant agents as well as low levels of Nrf2-associated antioxidants. This condition creates a steroid-resistant inflammatory microenvironment. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (Lr) is a known anti-cytokine in lung diseases; however, the effect of Lr on lung inflammation and oxidative stress in steroid-resistant COPD mice remains unknown. OBJECTIVE Thus, we investigated the Lr effect on lung inflammation and oxidative stress in mice and macrophages exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and unresponsive to steroids. METHODS Mice and macrophages received dexamethasone or GLPG-094 (a GPR43 inhibitor), and only the macrophages received butyrate (but), all treatments being given before CSE. Lung inflammation was evaluated from the leukocyte population, airway remodeling, cytokines, and NF-κB. Oxidative stress disturbance was measured from ROS, 8-isoprostane, NADPH oxidase, TBARS, SOD, catalase, HO-1, and Nrf2. RESULTS Lr attenuated cellularity, mucus, collagen, cytokines, ROS, 8-isoprostane, NADPH oxidase, and TBARS. Otherwise, SOD, catalase, HO-1, and Nrf2 were upregulated in Lr-treated COPD mice. Anti-cytokine and antioxidant effects of butyrate also occurred in CSE-exposed macrophages. GLPG-094 rendered Lr and butyrate less effective. CONCLUSIONS Lr attenuates lung inflammation and oxidative stress in COPD mice, suggesting the presence of a GPR43 receptor-dependent mechanism also found in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karolina Sá
- Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Pedro De Toledo 720–2 Andar, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (A.K.S.); (F.O.); (J.V.); (P.R.)
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim, 330, Vila Nair, São José dos Campos 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Olímpio
- Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Pedro De Toledo 720–2 Andar, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (A.K.S.); (F.O.); (J.V.); (P.R.)
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim, 330, Vila Nair, São José dos Campos 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Jessica Vasconcelos
- Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Pedro De Toledo 720–2 Andar, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (A.K.S.); (F.O.); (J.V.); (P.R.)
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim, 330, Vila Nair, São José dos Campos 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Paloma Rosa
- Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Pedro De Toledo 720–2 Andar, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (A.K.S.); (F.O.); (J.V.); (P.R.)
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim, 330, Vila Nair, São José dos Campos 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Hugo Caire Faria Neto
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro 4036, Brazil;
| | - Carlos Rocha
- Medical School, Group of Phytocomplexes and Cell Signaling, Anhembi Morumbi University, São José dos Campos 04039-002, Brazil;
| | - Maurício Frota Camacho
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos 12231-280, Brazil; (M.F.C.); (U.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Uilla Barcick
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos 12231-280, Brazil; (M.F.C.); (U.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Andre Zelanis
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos 12231-280, Brazil; (M.F.C.); (U.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Flavio Aimbire
- Department of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Pedro De Toledo 720–2 Andar, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (A.K.S.); (F.O.); (J.V.); (P.R.)
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim, 330, Vila Nair, São José dos Campos 12231-280, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEvangélica), Avenida Universitária Km 3,5, Anápolis 75083-515, Brazil
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Abrami M, Biasin A, Tescione F, Tierno D, Dapas B, Carbone A, Grassi G, Conese M, Di Gioia S, Larobina D, Grassi M. Mucus Structure, Viscoelastic Properties, and Composition in Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1933. [PMID: 38339210 PMCID: PMC10856136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The respiratory mucus, a viscoelastic gel, effectuates a primary line of the airway defense when operated by the mucociliary clearance. In chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF), the mucus is overproduced and its solid content augments, changing its structure and viscoelastic properties and determining a derangement of essential defense mechanisms against opportunistic microbial (virus and bacteria) pathogens. This ensues in damaging of the airways, leading to a vicious cycle of obstruction and infection responsible for the harsh clinical evolution of these CRDs. Here, we review the essential features of normal and pathological mucus (i.e., sputum in CF, COPD, and asthma), i.e., mucin content, structure (mesh size), micro/macro-rheology, pH, and osmotic pressure, ending with the awareness that sputum biomarkers (mucins, inflammatory proteins and peptides, and metabolites) might serve to indicate acute exacerbation and response to therapies. There are some indications that old and novel treatments may change the structure, viscoelastic properties, and biomarker content of sputum; however, a wealth of work is still needed to embrace these measures as correlates of disease severity in association with (or even as substitutes of) pulmonary functional tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Abrami
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, I-34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.A.); (A.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Alice Biasin
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, I-34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.A.); (A.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Fabiana Tescione
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, P.le E. Fermi 1, I-80055 Portici, Italy; (F.T.); (D.L.)
| | - Domenico Tierno
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Barbara Dapas
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 121, I-71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.C.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.T.); (G.G.)
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 121, I-71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.C.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 121, I-71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.C.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Domenico Larobina
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, P.le E. Fermi 1, I-80055 Portici, Italy; (F.T.); (D.L.)
| | - Mario Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, I-34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.A.); (A.B.); (M.G.)
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He F, Yu X, Zhang J, Cui J, Tang L, Zou S, Pu J, Ran P. Biomass-related PM 2.5 induced inflammatory microenvironment via IL-17F/IL-17RC axis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123048. [PMID: 38036089 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Biomass exposure is a significant environmental risk factor for COPD, but the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Inflammatory microenvironment has been shown to drive the development of many chronic diseases. Pollution exposure can cause increased levels of inflammatory factors in the lungs, leading to an inflammatory microenvironment which is prevalent in COPD. Our findings revealed that IL-17F was elevated in COPD, while exposure to biomass led to increased expression of IL-17F in both alveolar epithelial and macrophage cells in mice. Blocking IL-17F could alleviate the lung inflammation induced by seven days of biomass exposure in mice. We employed a transwell co-culture system to simulate the microenvironment and investigate the interactions between MLE-12 and MH-S cells. We demonstrated that anti-IL-17F antibody attenuated the inflammatory responses induced by BRPM2.5 in MLE-12 and MH-S co-cultured with BRPM2.5-MLE-12, which reduced inflammatory changes in microenvironment. We found that IL-17RC, an important receptor for IL-17F, played a key role in the interactions. Knockout of IL-17RC in MH-S resulted in inhibited IL-17F signaling and attenuated inflammatory response after MH-S co-culture with BRPM2.5-MLE-12. Our investigation suggests that BRPM2.5 induces lung epithelial-macrophage interactions via IL-17F/IL-17RC axis regulating the inflammatory response. These results may provide a novel strategy for effective prevention and treatment of biomass-related COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Jiahuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Jieda Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, No.9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International BioIsland, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Lei Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Siqi Zou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Jinding Pu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Pixin Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, No.9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International BioIsland, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China.
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Lea S, Higham A, Beech A, Singh D. How inhaled corticosteroids target inflammation in COPD. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230084. [PMID: 37852657 PMCID: PMC10582931 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0084-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the most commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of COPD. COPD has been previously described as a "corticosteroid-resistant" condition, but current clinical trial evidence shows that selected COPD patients, namely those with increased exacerbation risk plus higher blood eosinophil count (BEC), can benefit from ICS treatment. This review describes the components of inflammation modulated by ICS in COPD and the reasons for the variation in response to ICS between individuals. There are corticosteroid-insensitive inflammatory pathways in COPD, such as bacteria-induced macrophage interleukin-8 production and resultant neutrophil recruitment, but also corticosteroid-sensitive pathways including the reduction of type 2 markers and mast cell numbers. The review also describes the mechanisms whereby ICS can skew the lung microbiome, with reduced diversity and increased relative abundance, towards an excess of proteobacteria. BEC is a biomarker used to enable the selective use of ICS in COPD, but the clinical outcome in an individual is decided by a complex interacting network involving the microbiome and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lea
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Higham
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Augusta Beech
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dave Singh
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Li S, Huang Q, He B. SIRT1 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Lung 2023; 201:201-215. [PMID: 36790647 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-023-00607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, and treatable disease characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction and lung function decline. It is well established that COPD represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Due to the substantial economic and social burdens associated with COPD, it is necessary to discover new targets and develop novel beneficial therapies. Although the pathogenesis of COPD is complex and remains to be robustly elucidated, numerous studies have shown that oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, cell apoptosis, autophagy, and aging are involved in the pathogenesis of COPD. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase belonging to the silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) family. Multiple studies have indicated that SIRT1 plays an important role in oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, autophagy, and cellular senescence, which contributes to the pathogenesis and development of COPD. This review aimed to discuss the functions and mechanisms of SIRT1 in the progression of COPD and concluded that SIRT1 activation might be a potential therapeutic strategy for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Baimei He
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China. .,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Identification of COPD Inflammatory Endotypes Using Repeated Sputum Eosinophil Counts. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102611. [PMID: 36289873 PMCID: PMC9599170 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher blood and sputum eosinophil counts are associated with a greater response to corticosteroids in COPD. Low blood eosinophil counts exhibit greater stability over time whereas higher counts demonstrate more variability. Stability of airway eosinophil levels is less well understood. We have studied the stability of sputum eosinophil counts. Differential cell count data for COPD patients (n = 100) were analysed. Subjects with two sputum eosinophil counts, 6 months apart, were included in the analysis. Patients were stratified based on baseline sputum eosinophil count into ‘low’, ‘intermediate’ and ‘high’ groups: eosinophilLOW (<1%), eosinophilINT (1−3%) and eosinophilHIGH (≥3%). Sputum eosinophil counts showed good stability (rho = 0.61, p < 0.0001, ICC of 0.77), with 67.4% of eosinophilLOW patients remaining in the same category on repeat sampling. Bland−Altman analysis of the whole cohort (median difference between measurements = 0.00%, 90th percentile = −1.4 and 4.7%) showed greater variation at higher counts. This was confirmed by the wider 90th centiles in the eosinophilINT (−1.50 to 5.65) and eosinophilHIGH groups (−5.33 to 9.80) compared to the eosinophilLOW group (−0.40 to 1.40). The repeatability of sputum eosinophil counts was related to the baseline eosinophil count; sputum eosinophilLOW COPD patients were relatively stable over time, while the eosinophilHIGH group showed greater variability. These results can facilitate the identification of COPD endotypes with differential responses to treatment.
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