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Al-Khazali HM, Christensen RH, Chaudhry BA, Melchior AG, Ashina M, Burstein R, Ashina H. Effects of PDE-3 inhibition in persistent post-traumatic headache: evidence of cAMP-dependent signaling. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:56. [PMID: 38627631 PMCID: PMC11022386 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE-3) inhibition have been implicated in the neurobiologic underpinnings of migraine. Considering the clinical similarities between migraine and persistent post-traumatic headache (PPTH), we aimed to ascertain whether PDE-3 inhibition can elicit migraine-like headache in persons with PPTH. METHODS We tested cilostazol, which inhibits PDE-3, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover study involving persons with PPTH attributed to mild traumatic brain injury. The randomized participants were allocated to receive oral administration of either 200-mg cilostazol or placebo (calcium tablet) on two separate experiment days. The primary end point was the incidence of migraine-like headache during a 12-hour observation window post-ingestion. The secondary endpoint was the area under the curve (AUC) for reported headache intensity scores during the same observation window. RESULTS Twenty-one persons underwent randomization and completed both experiment days. The mean participants' age was 41.4 years, and most (n = 17) were females. During the 12-hour observation window, 14 (67%) of 21 participants developed migraine-like headache post-cilostazol, in contrast to three (14%) participants after placebo (P =.003). The headache intensity scores were higher post-cilostazol than after placebo (P <.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide novel evidence showing that PDE-3 inhibition can elicit migraine-like headache in persons with PPTH. Given that PDE-3 inhibition increases intracellular cAMP levels, our findings allude to the potential therapeutic value of targeting cAMP-dependent signaling pathways in the management of PPTH. Further investigations are imperative to substantiate these insights and delineate the importance of cAMP-dependent signaling pathways in the neurobiologic mechanisms underlying PPTH. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER NCT05595993.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidar M Al-Khazali
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rune H Christensen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Basit Ali Chaudhry
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna G Melchior
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Messoud Ashina
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rami Burstein
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Håkan Ashina
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Valdemar Hansens, Vej 5, Entrance 1A, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark.
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Antonopoulos SR, Scharnhorst M, Nalley N, Durham PL. Method for cryopreservation of trigeminal ganglion for establishing primary cultures of neurons and glia. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 402:110034. [PMID: 38072069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.110034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary neuronal cultures are used to elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in disease pathology and modulation by pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, and to identify novel therapeutic targets. However, preparation of primary neuronal cultures from rodent embryos is labor-intensive, and it can be difficult to produce high-quality consistent cultures. To overcome these issues, cryopreservation can be used to obtain standardized, high-quality stocks of neuronal cultures. NEW METHOD In this study, we present a simplified cryopreservation method for rodent primary trigeminal ganglion neurons and glia from Sprague-Dawley neonates, using a 90:10 (v/v) fetal bovine serum/dimethyl sulfoxide cell freezing medium. RESULTS Cryopreserved trigeminal ganglion cells stored for up to one year in liquid nitrogen exhibited similar neuronal and glial cell morphology to fresh cultures and retained high cell viability. Proteins implicated in inflammation and pain signaling were expressed in agreement with the reported subcellular localization. Additionally, both neurons and glial cells exhibited an increase in intracellular calcium levels in response to a depolarizing stimulus. Cryopreserved cells were also transiently transfected with reporter genes. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Our method is simple, does not require special reagents or equipment, will save time and money, increase flexibility in study design, and produce consistent cultures. CONCLUSIONS This method for the preparation and cryopreservation of trigeminal ganglia results in primary cultures of neurons and glia similar in viability and morphology to fresh preparations that could be utilized for biochemical, cellular, and molecular studies, increase reproducibility, and save laboratory resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia R Antonopoulos
- Missouri State University, Jordan Valley Innovation Center/Department of Biology, Springfield, MO 65806, USA
| | - Mikayla Scharnhorst
- Missouri State University, Jordan Valley Innovation Center/Department of Biology, Springfield, MO 65806, USA
| | - Nicole Nalley
- Missouri State University, Jordan Valley Innovation Center/Department of Biology, Springfield, MO 65806, USA
| | - Paul L Durham
- Missouri State University, Jordan Valley Innovation Center/Department of Biology, Springfield, MO 65806, USA.
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