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Song K, Hwang SJ, Jeon Y, Yoon Y. The Biomedical Applications of Biomolecule Integrated Biosensors for Cell Monitoring. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6336. [PMID: 38928042 PMCID: PMC11204277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell monitoring is essential for understanding the physiological conditions and cell abnormalities induced by various stimuli, such as stress factors, microbial invasion, and diseases. Currently, various techniques for detecting cell abnormalities and metabolites originating from specific cells are employed to obtain information on cells in terms of human health. Although the states of cells have traditionally been accessed using instrument-based analysis, this has been replaced by various sensor systems equipped with new materials and technologies. Various sensor systems have been developed for monitoring cells by recognizing biological markers such as proteins on cell surfaces, components on plasma membranes, secreted metabolites, and DNA sequences. Sensor systems are classified into subclasses, such as chemical sensors and biosensors, based on the components used to recognize the targets. In this review, we aim to outline the fundamental principles of sensor systems used for monitoring cells, encompassing both biosensors and chemical sensors. Specifically, we focus on biosensing systems in terms of the types of sensing and signal-transducing elements and introduce recent advancements and applications of biosensors. Finally, we address the present challenges in biosensor systems and the prospects that should be considered to enhance biosensor performance. Although this review covers the application of biosensors for monitoring cells, we believe that it can provide valuable insights for researchers and general readers interested in the advancements of biosensing and its further applications in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Youngdae Yoon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (K.S.); (S.-J.H.)
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2
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Bravo-Olín J, Martínez-Carreón SA, Francisco-Solano E, Lara AR, Beltran-Vargas NE. Analysis of the role of perfusion, mechanical, and electrical stimulation in bioreactors for cardiac tissue engineering. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:767-839. [PMID: 38643271 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Since cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are globally one of the leading causes of death, of which myocardial infarction (MI) can cause irreversible damage and decrease survivors' quality of life, novel therapeutics are needed. Current approaches such as organ transplantation do not fully restore cardiac function or are limited. As a valuable strategy, tissue engineering seeks to obtain constructs that resemble myocardial tissue, vessels, and heart valves using cells, biomaterials as scaffolds, biochemical and physical stimuli. The latter can be induced using a bioreactor mimicking the heart's physiological environment. An extensive review of bioreactors providing perfusion, mechanical and electrical stimulation, as well as the combination of them is provided. An analysis of the stimulations' mechanisms and modes that best suit cardiac construct culture is developed. Finally, we provide insights into bioreactor configuration and culture assessment properties that need to be elucidated for its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Bravo-Olín
- Biological Engineering Undergraduate Program, Division of Natural Science and Engineering, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 05348, México
| | - Sabina A Martínez-Carreón
- Biological Engineering Undergraduate Program, Division of Natural Science and Engineering, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 05348, México
| | - Emmanuel Francisco-Solano
- Natural Science and Engineering Graduate Program, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 05348, México
| | - Alvaro R Lara
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nohra E Beltran-Vargas
- Process and Technology Department, Division of Natural Science and Engineering, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 05348, México.
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3
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Yang G, Xu W, Xu B, Yang Y, Li P, Yu A, Ning S, Fu Q, Zhang R, Liu X. Two Decades' advancements and Research trends in needle-type Sensor technology: A scientometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27399. [PMID: 38510014 PMCID: PMC10951530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Needle-type sensor, characterized by its slender, elongated shape, is a promising sensing method due to its rapid response, high sensitivity, and portability. Recently, the needle-type sensor technology has garnered increasing attention, leading to its accelerated development and extensive use in medical and healthcare, environmental monitoring, and geosciences. However, there remains a need for a comprehensive review of existing research. Here, we utilize scientometric analysis, which is booming recently, to conduct a comprehensive investigation of the needle-type sensor field. This analysis covers various aspects, including annual trends, journals, institutions, countries, disciplines, authors, references, and keywords of 136,667 publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database spanning from January 1, 2004, to January 1, 2024. Additionally, we identify current hotspots, frontiers, and predict future trends. Eventually, three research hotspots are refined: multidisciplinary materials science, sensor miniaturization and integration, and biomedical engineering, indicating that further investigations may focus on creating biocompatible materials to enhance sensing properties, optimizing sensor structure through miniaturization and integration methods, and improving clinical applications in biomedical engineering. This work may facilitate the development of needle-type sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyi Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Botan Xu
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Pengwei Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Aotian Yu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Simin Ning
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qixuan Fu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
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4
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Abpeikar Z, Alizadeh AA, Rezakhani L, Ramezani V, Goodarzi A, Safaei M. Advantages of Material Biofunctionalization Using Nucleic Acid Aptamers in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1935-1953. [PMID: 37017917 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00737-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Material engineering is a fundamental issue in the applications of materials in the medical field. One of the aspects of material engineering is incorporating recognition sites on the surface of biomaterials, which plays an essential role in increasing the efficiency of tissue engineering scaffolds in various aspects. The application of peptides and antibodies to establish the recognition and adhesion sites has limitations, such as fragility and instability under physical and chemical processes. Therefore, synthetic ligands such as nucleic acid aptamers have received much attention for easy synthesis, minimal immunogenicity, high specificity, and stability under processing. Due to the effective role of these ligands in increasing the efficiency of engineered constructs in this study, the advantages of nucleic acid aptamers in tissue engineering will be reviewed. Aptamer-functionalized biomaterials can attract endogenous stem cells to wounded areas and organize their actions to facilitate tissue regeneration. This approach harnesses the body's inherent regeneration potential to treat many diseases. Also, increased efficacy in controlled release, slow and targeted drug delivery are important issues in drug delivery for tissue engineering approaches which can be achieved by incorporating aptamers in drug delivery systems. Aptamer-functionalized scaffolds have very applications, such as diagnosis of cancer, hematological infections, narcotics, heavy metals, toxins, controlled release from the scaffolds, and in vivo cell tracing. Aptasensors, as a result of many advantages over other traditional assay methods, can replace older methods. Furthermore, their unique targeting mechanism also targets compounds with no particular receptors. Targeting cell homing, local and targeted drug delivery, cell adhesion efficacy, cytocompatibility and bioactivity of scaffolds, aptamer-based biosensor, and aptamer-functionalized scaffolds are the topics that will be examined in this review study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abpeikar
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Science and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Ramezani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Arash Goodarzi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mohsen Safaei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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5
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Zhao C, Wang Z, Tang X, Qin J, Jiang Z. Recent advances in sensor-integrated brain-on-a-chip devices for real-time brain monitoring. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 229:113431. [PMID: 37473652 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Brain science has remained in the global spotlight as an important field of scientific and technological discovery. Numerous in vitro and in vivo animal studies have been performed to understand the pathological processes involved in brain diseases and develop strategies for their diagnosis and treatment. However, owing to species differences between animals and humans, several drugs have shown high rates of treatment failure in clinical settings, hindering the development of diagnostic and treatment modalities for brain diseases. In this scenario, microfluidic brain-on-a-chip (BOC) devices, which allow the direct use of human tissues for experiments, have emerged as novel tools for effectively avoiding species differences and performing screening for new drugs. Although microfluidic BOC technology has achieved significant progress in recent years, monitoring slight changes in neurochemicals, neurotransmitters, and environmental states in the brain has remained challenging owing to the brain's complex environment. Hence, the integration of BOC with new sensors that have high sensitivity and high selectivity is urgently required for the real-time dynamic monitoring of BOC parameters. As sensor-based technologies for BOC have not been summarized, here, we review the principle, fabrication process, and application-based classification of sensor-integrated BOC, and then summarize the opportunities and challenges for their development. Generally, sensor-integrated BOC enables real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis, accurately measuring minute changes in the brain and thus enabling the realization of in vivo brain analysis and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- School of Medical Technology, School of Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Medical Technology, School of Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoying Tang
- School of Medical Technology, School of Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jieling Qin
- School of Medical Technology, School of Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zhenqi Jiang
- School of Medical Technology, School of Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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6
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Biosensor integrated brain-on-a-chip platforms: Progress and prospects in clinical translation. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 225:115100. [PMID: 36709589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Because of the brain's complexity, developing effective treatments for neurological disorders is a formidable challenge. Research efforts to this end are advancing as in vitro systems have reached the point that they can imitate critical components of the brain's structure and function. Brain-on-a-chip (BoC) was first used for microfluidics-based systems with small synthetic tissues but has expanded recently to include in vitro simulation of the central nervous system (CNS). Defining the system's qualifying parameters may improve the BoC for the next generation of in vitro platforms. These parameters show how well a given platform solves the problems unique to in vitro CNS modeling (like recreating the brain's microenvironment and including essential parts like the blood-brain barrier (BBB)) and how much more value it offers than traditional cell culture systems. This review provides an overview of the practical concerns of creating and deploying BoC systems and elaborates on how these technologies might be used. Not only how advanced biosensing technologies could be integrated with BoC system but also how novel approaches will automate assays and improve point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics and accurate quantitative analyses are discussed. Key challenges providing opportunities for clinical translation of BoC in neurodegenerative disorders are also addressed.
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7
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Shinde A, Illath K, Kasiviswanathan U, Nagabooshanam S, Gupta P, Dey K, Chakrabarty P, Nagai M, Rao S, Kar S, Santra TS. Recent Advances of Biosensor-Integrated Organ-on-a-Chip Technologies for Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3121-3146. [PMID: 36716428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Uvanesh Kasiviswanathan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Shalini Nagabooshanam
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Koyel Dey
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pulasta Chakrabarty
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Suresh Rao
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517507, India
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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8
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Cao S, Bo R, Zhang Y. Polymeric Scaffolds for Regeneration of Central/Peripheral Nerves and Soft Connective Tissues. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shunze Cao
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Laboratory for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Renheng Bo
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Laboratory for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Laboratory for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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9
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Zhou C, Lin Z, Huang S, Li B, Gao A. Progress in Probe-Based Sensing Techniques for In Vivo Diagnosis. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:943. [PMID: 36354452 PMCID: PMC9688418 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in robotic surgery help to improve the endoluminal diagnosis and treatment with minimally invasive or non-invasive intervention in a precise and safe manner. Miniaturized probe-based sensors can be used to obtain information about endoluminal anatomy, and they can be integrated with medical robots to augment the convenience of robotic operations. The tremendous benefit of having this physiological information during the intervention has led to the development of a variety of in vivo sensing technologies over the past decades. In this paper, we review the probe-based sensing techniques for the in vivo physical and biochemical sensing in China in recent years, especially on in vivo force sensing, temperature sensing, optical coherence tomography/photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging, chemical sensing, and biomarker sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zecai Lin
- Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaoping Huang
- Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bing Li
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Anzhu Gao
- Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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10
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Liu M, Xiang Y, Yang Y, Long X, Xiao Z, Nan Y, Jiang Y, Qiu Y, Huang Q, Ai K. State-of-the-art advancements in Liver-on-a-chip (LOC): Integrated biosensors for LOC. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 218:114758. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Recent advances of three-dimensional micro-environmental constructions on cell-based biosensors and perspectives in food safety. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Kang C, Shrestha KL, Kwon S, Park S, Kim J, Kwon Y. Intein-Mediated Protein Engineering for Cell-Based Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050283. [PMID: 35624584 PMCID: PMC9138240 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based sensors provide a flexible platform for screening biologically active targets and for monitoring their interactions in live cells. Their applicability extends across a vast array of biological research and clinical applications. Particularly, cell-based sensors are becoming a potent tool in drug discovery and cell-signaling studies by allowing function-based screening of targets in biologically relevant environments and enabling the in vivo visualization of cellular signals in real-time with an outstanding spatiotemporal resolution. In this review, we aim to provide a clear view of current cell-based sensor technologies, their limitations, and how the recent improvements were using intein-mediated protein engineering. We first discuss the characteristics of cell-based sensors and present several representative examples with a focus on their design strategies, which differentiate cell-based sensors from in vitro analytical biosensors. We then describe the application of intein-mediated protein engineering technology for cell-based sensor fabrication. Finally, we explain the characteristics of intein-mediated reactions and present examples of how the intein-mediated reactions are used to improve existing methods and develop new approaches in sensor cell fabrication to address the limitations of current technologies.
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13
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Multielectrode biosensor chip for spatial resolution screening of 3D cell models based on microcavity arrays. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 202:114010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Fedi A, Vitale C, Giannoni P, Caluori G, Marrella A. Biosensors to Monitor Cell Activity in 3D Hydrogel-Based Tissue Models. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:1517. [PMID: 35214418 PMCID: PMC8879987 DOI: 10.3390/s22041517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) culture models have gained relevant interest in tissue engineering and drug discovery owing to their suitability to reproduce in vitro some key aspects of human tissues and to provide predictive information for in vivo tests. In this context, the use of hydrogels as artificial extracellular matrices is of paramount relevance, since they allow closer recapitulation of (patho)physiological features of human tissues. However, most of the analyses aimed at characterizing these models are based on time-consuming and endpoint assays, which can provide only static and limited data on cellular behavior. On the other hand, biosensing systems could be adopted to measure on-line cellular activity, as currently performed in bi-dimensional, i.e., monolayer, cell culture systems; however, their translation and integration within 3D hydrogel-based systems is not straight forward, due to the geometry and materials properties of these advanced cell culturing approaches. Therefore, researchers have adopted different strategies, through the development of biochemical, electrochemical and optical sensors, but challenges still remain in employing these devices. In this review, after examining recent advances in adapting existing biosensors from traditional cell monolayers to polymeric 3D cells cultures, we will focus on novel designs and outcomes of a range of biosensors specifically developed to provide real-time analysis of hydrogel-based cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Fedi
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), 16149 Genoa, Italy; (A.F.); (C.V.)
- Department of Computer Science, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), 16149 Genoa, Italy; (A.F.); (C.V.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Paolo Giannoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Guido Caluori
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, 33600 Pessac, France;
- INSERM UMR 1045, Cardiothoracic Research Center of Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Alessandra Marrella
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), 16149 Genoa, Italy; (A.F.); (C.V.)
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15
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Sheng K, Jiang H, Fang Y, Wang L, Jiang D. Emerging electrochemical biosensing approaches for detection of allergen in food samples: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Jaynes TL. "Compoundless Anaesthesia", Controlled Administration, and Post-Operative Recovery Acceleration: Musings on Theoretical Nanomedicine Applications. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11010256. [PMID: 35011997 PMCID: PMC8746008 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Much research has been conducted on how patients may be served through new advances in perioperative anaesthetic care. However, adaptations of standardised care methodologies can only provide so many novel solutions for patients and caregivers alike. Similarly, unique methods such as nanoscopic liposomal package delivery for analgesics and affective numbing agents pose a similar issue-specifically that we are still left with the dilemma of patients for whom analgesics and numbing agents are ineffective or harmful. An examination of the potential gains that may result from the targeted development of nanorobotics for anaesthesia in perioperative care will be presented in this essay to help resolve this pending conflict for the research community. This examination should therefore serve as a "call to action" for such research and a "primer" for those for whom the method's implementation would most directly impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Lance Jaynes
- Alden March Bioethics Institute, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA;
- Society for HealthCare Innovation (SHCI), Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
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17
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Azimzadeh M, Khashayar P, Amereh M, Tasnim N, Hoorfar M, Akbari M. Microfluidic-Based Oxygen (O 2) Sensors for On-Chip Monitoring of Cell, Tissue and Organ Metabolism. BIOSENSORS 2021; 12:bios12010006. [PMID: 35049634 PMCID: PMC8774018 DOI: 10.3390/bios12010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) quantification is essential for assessing cell metabolism, and its consumption in cell culture is an important indicator of cell viability. Recent advances in microfluidics have made O2 sensing a crucial feature for organ-on-chip (OOC) devices for various biomedical applications. OOC O2 sensors can be categorized, based on their transducer type, into two main groups, optical and electrochemical. In this review, we provide an overview of on-chip O2 sensors integrated with the OOC devices and evaluate their advantages and disadvantages. Recent innovations in optical O2 sensors integrated with OOCs are discussed in four main categories: (i) basic luminescence-based sensors; (ii) microparticle-based sensors; (iii) nano-enabled sensors; and (iv) commercial probes and portable devices. Furthermore, we discuss recent advancements in electrochemical sensors in five main categories: (i) novel configurations in Clark-type sensors; (ii) novel materials (e.g., polymers, O2 scavenging and passivation materials); (iii) nano-enabled electrochemical sensors; (iv) novel designs and fabrication techniques; and (v) commercial and portable electrochemical readouts. Together, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current advances in the design, fabrication and application of optical and electrochemical O2 sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Azimzadeh
- Medical Nanotechnology & Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd 89195-999, Iran;
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd 89195-999, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd 89165-887, Iran
| | - Patricia Khashayar
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec and Ghent University, 9050 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Meitham Amereh
- Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
| | - Nishat Tasnim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
| | - Mina Hoorfar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.A.)
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18
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Ding S, Zhang H, Wang X. Microfluidic-Chip-Integrated Biosensors for Lung Disease Models. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:456. [PMID: 34821672 PMCID: PMC8615803 DOI: 10.3390/bios11110456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lung diseases (e.g., infection, asthma, cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis) represent serious threats to human health all over the world. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell models and animal models cannot mimic the human-specific properties of the lungs. In the past decade, human organ-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms-including lung-on-a-chip (LOC)-have emerged rapidly, with the ability to reproduce the in vivo features of organs or tissues based on their three-dimensional (3D) structures. Furthermore, the integration of biosensors in the chip allows researchers to monitor various parameters related to disease development and drug efficacy. In this review, we illustrate the biosensor-based LOC modeling, further discussing the future challenges as well as perspectives in integrating biosensors in OOC platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ding
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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19
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Lock R, Al Asafen H, Fleischer S, Tamargo M, Zhao Y, Radisic M, Vunjak-Novakovic G. A framework for developing sex-specific engineered heart models. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2021; 7:295-313. [PMID: 34691764 PMCID: PMC8527305 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-021-00381-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The convergence of tissue engineering and patient-specific stem cell biology has enabled the engineering of in vitro tissue models that allow the study of patient-tailored treatment modalities. However, sex-related disparities in health and disease, from systemic hormonal influences to cellular-level differences, are often overlooked in stem cell biology, tissue engineering and preclinical screening. The cardiovascular system, in particular, shows considerable sex-related differences, which need to be considered in cardiac tissue engineering. In this Review, we analyse sex-related properties of the heart muscle in the context of health and disease, and discuss a framework for including sex-based differences in human cardiac tissue engineering. We highlight how sex-based features can be implemented at the cellular and tissue levels, and how sex-specific cardiac models could advance the study of cardiovascular diseases. Finally, we define design criteria for sex-specific cardiac tissue engineering and provide an outlook to future research possibilities beyond the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Hadel Al Asafen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Sharon Fleischer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Manuel Tamargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
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20
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Gheorghiu M, Polonschii C, Popescu O, Gheorghiu E. Advanced Optogenetic-Based Biosensing and Related Biomaterials. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14154151. [PMID: 34361345 PMCID: PMC8347019 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to stimulate mammalian cells with light, brought along by optogenetic control, has significantly broadened our understanding of electrically excitable tissues. Backed by advanced (bio)materials, it has recently paved the way towards novel biosensing concepts supporting bio-analytics applications transversal to the main biomedical stream. The advancements concerning enabling biomaterials and related novel biosensing concepts involving optogenetics are reviewed with particular focus on the use of engineered cells for cell-based sensing platforms and the available toolbox (from mere actuators and reporters to novel multifunctional opto-chemogenetic tools) for optogenetic-enabled real-time cellular diagnostics and biosensor development. The key advantages of these modified cell-based biosensors concern both significantly faster (minutes instead of hours) and higher sensitivity detection of low concentrations of bioactive/toxic analytes (below the threshold concentrations in classical cellular sensors) as well as improved standardization as warranted by unified analytic platforms. These novel multimodal functional electro-optical label-free assays are reviewed among the key elements for optogenetic-based biosensing standardization. This focused review is a potential guide for materials researchers interested in biosensing based on light-responsive biomaterials and related analytic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Gheorghiu
- International Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Cristina Polonschii
- International Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Octavian Popescu
- Molecular Biology Center, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai-University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugen Gheorghiu
- International Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (E.G.)
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21
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Addressing the Theoretical and Experimental Aspects of Low-Dimensional-Materials-Based FET Immunosensors: A Review. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9070162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical immunosensors (EI) have been widely investigated in the last several years. Among them, immunosensors based on low-dimensional materials (LDM) stand out, as they could provide a substantial gain in fabricating point-of-care devices, paving the way for fast, precise, and sensitive diagnosis of numerous severe illnesses. The high surface area available in LDMs makes it possible to immobilize a high density of bioreceptors, improving the sensitivity in biorecognition events between antibodies and antigens. If on the one hand, many works present promising results in using LDMs as a sensing material in EIs, on the other hand, very few of them discuss the fundamental interactions involved at the interfaces. Understanding the fundamental Chemistry and Physics of the interactions between the surface of LDMs and the bioreceptors, and how the operating conditions and biorecognition events affect those interactions, is vital when proposing new devices. Here, we present a review of recent works on EIs, focusing on devices that use LDMs (1D and 2D) as the sensing substrate. To do so, we highlight both experimental and theoretical aspects, bringing to light the fundamental aspects of the main interactions occurring at the interfaces and the operating mechanisms in which the detections are based.
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22
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Vajda J, Milojević M, Maver U, Vihar B. Microvascular Tissue Engineering-A Review. Biomedicines 2021; 9:589. [PMID: 34064101 PMCID: PMC8224375 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have come a long way in recent decades, but the lack of functioning vasculature is still a major obstacle preventing the development of thicker, physiologically relevant tissue constructs. A large part of this obstacle lies in the development of the vessels on a microscale-the microvasculature-that are crucial for oxygen and nutrient delivery. In this review, we present the state of the art in the field of microvascular tissue engineering and demonstrate the challenges for future research in various sections of the field. Finally, we illustrate the potential strategies for addressing some of those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Vajda
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Marko Milojević
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Maver
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Vihar
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.V.); (M.M.)
- IRNAS Ltd., Limbuška cesta 78b, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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23
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Yang X, Zhao X, Liu F, Li H, Zhang CX, Yang Z. Simple, rapid and sensitive detection of Parkinson's disease related alpha-synuclein using a DNA aptamer assisted liquid crystal biosensor. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:4842-4847. [PMID: 33889925 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00298h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (αS) has been proposed as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the detection of αS using a simple, rapid and sensitive approach is still challenging. Herein, we construct a new type of biosensor for the detection of αS, combining the stimuli-responsiveness of liquid crystals (LCs) and the specific interaction of a DNA aptamer with proteins. In principle, the positively charged surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) binds with the negatively charged DNA aptamer via electrostatic interactions; in the presence of αS, the DNA aptamer specifically binds with αS and releases CTAB, which is an amphiphilic molecule and subsequently assembles at the LC-aqueous interface, resulting in a homeotropic alignment of LCs with a dark optical signal. In the absence of αS, CTAB binds with the DNA aptamer without affecting the alignment of LCs, which shows planar anchoring with a bright optical signal. The response time of LCs towards αS is rapid and can be down to minutes. The LC biosensor established here has a good specificity for αS and can recognize αS even from a mixture of proteins. The LC biosensor also exhibits high sensitivity with a limit of detection of αS as low as 10 pM, which is comparable to that of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This work provides a new strategy for the detection of αS in a simple, rapid and sensitive manner, possessing promising potentials towards early diagnosis and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xiaofang Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Fengwei Liu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Haiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Claire Xi Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Zhongqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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24
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Leong K, Gaglani B, Khanna AK, McCurdy MT. Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics in Sepsis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030311. [PMID: 33803628 PMCID: PMC8003067 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis management demands early diagnosis and timely treatment that includes source control, antimicrobial therapy, and resuscitation. Currently employed diagnostic tools are ill-equipped to rapidly diagnose sepsis and isolate the offending pathogen, which limits the ability to offer targeted and lowest-toxicity treatment. Cutting edge diagnostics and therapeutics in development may improve time to diagnosis and address two broad management principles: (1) source control by removing the molecular infectious stimulus of sepsis, and (2) attenuation of the pathological immune response allowing the body to heal. This review addresses novel diagnostics and therapeutics and their role in the management of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Leong
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Bhavita Gaglani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Critical Care Medicine, Wake Forest University Hospital, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (B.G.); (A.K.K.)
| | - Ashish K. Khanna
- Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Critical Care Medicine, Wake Forest University Hospital, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (B.G.); (A.K.K.)
- Department of Outcomes Research, Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Michael T. McCurdy
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Correspondence:
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25
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Designing of Nanomaterials-Based Enzymatic Biosensors: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. ELECTROCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem2010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the many biological entities employed in the development of biosensors, enzymes have attracted the most attention. Nanotechnology has been fostering excellent prospects in the development of enzymatic biosensors, since enzyme immobilization onto conductive nanostructures can improve characteristics that are crucial in biosensor transduction, such as surface-to-volume ratio, signal response, selectivity, sensitivity, conductivity, and biocatalytic activity, among others. These and other advantages of nanomaterial-based enzymatic biosensors are discussed in this work via the compilation of several reports on their applications in different industrial segments. To provide detailed insights into the state of the art of this technology, all the relevant concepts around the topic are discussed, including the properties of enzymes, the mechanisms involved in their immobilization, and the application of different enzyme-derived biosensors and nanomaterials. Finally, there is a discussion around the pressing challenges in this technology, which will be useful for guiding the development of future research in the area.
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26
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Pant A, Mackraj I, Govender T. Advances in sepsis diagnosis and management: a paradigm shift towards nanotechnology. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:6. [PMID: 33413364 PMCID: PMC7790597 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a dysregulated immune response due to life-threatening organ dysfunction, caused by drug-resistant pathogens, is a major global health threat contributing to high disease burden. Clinical outcomes in sepsis depend on timely diagnosis and appropriate early therapeutic intervention. There is a growing interest in the evaluation of nanotechnology-based solutions for sepsis management due to the inherent and unique properties of these nano-sized systems. This review presents recent advancements in nanotechnology-based solutions for sepsis diagnosis and management. Development of nanosensors based on electrochemical, immunological or magnetic principals provide highly sensitive, selective and rapid detection of sepsis biomarkers such as procalcitonin and C-reactive protein and are reviewed extensively. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery of antibiotics in sepsis models have shown promising results in combating drug resistance. Surface functionalization with antimicrobial peptides further enhances efficacy by targeting pathogens or specific microenvironments. Various strategies in nanoformulations have demonstrated the ability to deliver antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents, simultaneously, have been reviewed. The critical role of nanoformulations of other adjuvant therapies including antioxidant, antitoxins and extracorporeal blood purification in sepsis management are also highlighted. Nanodiagnostics and nanotherapeutics in sepsis have enormous potential and provide new perspectives in sepsis management, supported by promising future biomedical applications included in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Pant
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Irene Mackraj
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
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27
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Zaszczyńska A, Gradys A, Sajkiewicz P. Progress in the Applications of Smart Piezoelectric Materials for Medical Devices. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2754. [PMID: 33266424 PMCID: PMC7700596 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Smart piezoelectric materials are of great interest due to their unique properties. Piezoelectric materials can transform mechanical energy into electricity and vice versa. There are mono and polycrystals (piezoceramics), polymers, and composites in the group of piezoelectric materials. Recent years show progress in the applications of piezoelectric materials in biomedical devices due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Medical devices such as actuators and sensors, energy harvesting devices, and active scaffolds for neural tissue engineering are continually explored. Sensors and actuators from piezoelectric materials can convert flow rate, pressure, etc., to generate energy or consume it. This paper consists of using smart materials to design medical devices and provide a greater understanding of the piezoelectric effect in the medical industry presently. A greater understanding of piezoelectricity is necessary regarding the future development and industry challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Zaszczyńska
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (P.S.)
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