1
|
Oslan SNH, Yusof NY, Lim SJ, Ahmad NH. Rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella in agro-Food and environmental samples: A review of advances in rapid tests and biosensors. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 219:106897. [PMID: 38342249 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.106897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella is as an intracellular bacterium, causing many human fatalities when the host-specific serotypes reach the host gastrointestinal tract. Nontyphoidal Salmonella are responsible for numerous foodborne outbreaks and product recalls worldwide whereas typhoidal Salmonella are responsible for Typhoid fever cases in developing countries. Yet, Salmonella-related foodborne disease outbreaks through its food and water contaminations have urged the advancement of rapid and sensitive Salmonella-detecting methods for public health protection. While conventional detection methods are time-consuming and ineffective for monitoring foodstuffs with short shelf lives, advances in microbiology, molecular biology and biosensor methods have hastened the detection. Here, the review discusses Salmonella pathogenic mechanisms and its detection technology advancements (fundamental concepts, features, implementations, efficiency, benefits, limitations and prospects). The time-efficiency of each rapid test method is discussed in relation to their limit of detections (LODs) and time required from sample enrichment to final data analysis. Importantly, the matrix effects (LODs and sample enrichments) were compared within the methods to potentially speculate Salmonella detection from environmental, clinical or food matrices using certain techniques. Although biotechnological advancements have led to various time-efficient Salmonella-detecting techniques, one should consider the usage of sophisticated equipment to run the analysis by moderately to highly trained personnel. Ultimately, a fast, accurate Salmonella screening that is readily executed by untrained personnels from various matrices, is desired for public health procurement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Hazwani Oslan
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; Food Security Research Laboratory, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Nik Yusnoraini Yusof
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Si Jie Lim
- Enzyme Technology and X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, VacBio 5, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Enzyme and Microbial Technology (EMTech) Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Hawa Ahmad
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abid K, Iannazzo D, Celesti C, Khaskhoussi A, Foti A, Maalej R, Gucciardi PG, Neri G. A novel 2D-GO@WS2 electrochemical platform for the determination of thiram fungicide. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:226-236. [PMID: 37923433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the determination of Thiram fungicide by a novel modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) fabricated modifying the working electrode (WE) with 2D-GO/WS2 nanohybrid composites, is reported. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and fluorescence analysis (PL) were used to reveal the morphological and microstructural characteristics of the 2D-GO/WS2 nanohybrids with different graphene oxide:tungsten disulphide (GO:WS2) ratio. Electrochemical characterization demonstrated that the 2D-WS2/GO nanohybrids having a GO:WS2 ratio = 2:1 shows the highest electrocatalytic activity towards oxidation of Thiram. The developed sensor permits the quantification of Thiram in the linear range 0.083-0.33 µM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.02 µM, which is below the legal limits for this fungicide in drinking water or foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khouloud Abid
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy; INSTM, Research Unity of Messina, Italy; Laboratory of Dielectric and Photonic Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax, University, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Daniela Iannazzo
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy; INSTM, Research Unity of Messina, Italy
| | - Consuelo Celesti
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Amani Khaskhoussi
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Foti
- CNR IPCF Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 37, I-98156 Messina, Italy
| | - Ramzi Maalej
- Laboratory of Dielectric and Photonic Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax, University, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Pietro Giuseppe Gucciardi
- CNR IPCF Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 37, I-98156 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Neri
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy; INSTM, Research Unity of Messina, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khan S, Monteiro JK, Prasad A, Filipe CDM, Li Y, Didar TF. Material Breakthroughs in Smart Food Monitoring: Intelligent Packaging and On-Site Testing Technologies for Spoilage and Contamination Detection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2300875. [PMID: 37085965 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive commercial and regulatory interventions, food spoilage and contamination continue to impose massive ramifications on human health and the global economy. Recognizing that such issues will be significantly eliminated by the accurate and timely monitoring of food quality markers, smart food sensors have garnered significant interest as platforms for both real-time, in-package food monitoring and on-site commercial testing. In both cases, the sensitivity, stability, and efficiency of the developed sensors are largely informed by underlying material design, driving focus toward the creation of advanced materials optimized for such applications. Herein, a comprehensive review of emerging intelligent materials and sensors developed in this space is provided, through the lens of three key food quality markers - biogenic amines, pH, and pathogenic microbes. Each sensing platform is presented with targeted consideration toward the contributions of the underlying metallic or polymeric substrate to the sensing mechanism and detection performance. Further, the real-world applicability of presented works is considered with respect to their capabilities, regulatory adherence, and commercial potential. Finally, a situational assessment of the current state of intelligent food monitoring technologies is provided, discussing material-centric strategies to address their existing limitations, regulatory concerns, and commercial considerations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shadman Khan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Jonathan K Monteiro
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Akansha Prasad
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Carlos D M Filipe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Yingfu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Tohid F Didar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Torre R, Costa-Rama E, Nouws HPA, Delerue-Matos C. A do-it-yourself electrochemical cell based on pencil leads and transparency sheets: Application to the enzymatic determination of histamine. Talanta 2024; 266:124980. [PMID: 37536106 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The availability of more efficient analytical methods that answer the world's demands is a challenge and their development continues to be a difficult task. In this work the construction of an electrochemical cell, based on low-cost and accessible materials, that can be easily constructed and used for electroanalytical purposes, is described. Pencil leads were used as electrodes and a transparency sheet as the base. This cell was used as transducer for developing an amperometric biosensor for the quantification of histamine, which is the only biogenic amine regulated by law. The analysis was based on the use of diamine oxidase as biorecognition element, hexacyanoferrate(III) as electron-transfer mediator, and chronoamperometry, at +0.5 V during 100 s, to record the analytical signal. A linear relationship between histamine concentration and the analytical signal was established between 5.0 and 35 mg L-1 and a low limit of detection (1.0 mg L-1) was achieved. The analysis of different fish species (sardine and tuna) was performed, obtaining recovery values between 102% and 110%. The stability of the sensor is noteworthy: it maintained 95% of the initial analytical signal after 15 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Torre
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia Do Porto, Instituto Politécnico Do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal
| | - Estefania Costa-Rama
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Henri P A Nouws
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia Do Porto, Instituto Politécnico Do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia Do Porto, Instituto Politécnico Do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
He X, Wang S, Ma C, Xu GR, Ma J, Xie H, Zhu W, Liu H, Wang L, Wang Y. Utilizing Electrochemical Biosensors as an Innovative Platform for the Rapid and On-Site Detection of Animal Viruses. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3141. [PMID: 37835747 PMCID: PMC10571726 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal viruses are a significant threat to animal health and are easily spread across the globe with the rise of globalization. The limitations in diagnosing and treating animal virus infections have made the transmission of diseases and animal deaths unpredictable. Therefore, early diagnosis of animal virus infections is crucial to prevent the spread of diseases and reduce economic losses. To address the need for rapid diagnosis, electrochemical sensors have emerged as promising tools. Electrochemical methods present numerous benefits, including heightened sensitivity and selectivity, affordability, ease of use, portability, and rapid analysis, making them suitable for real-time virus detection. This paper focuses on the construction of electrochemical biosensors, as well as promising biosensor models, and expounds its advantages in virus detection, which is a promising research direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun He
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Shan Wang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Caoyuan Ma
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Guang-Ri Xu
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jinyou Ma
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Hongbing Xie
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhu
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Shuangliao Animal Disease Control Center, Siping 136400, China;
| | - Lei Wang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Joy F, Devasia J, Nair Y, Nizam A. Excitation dependent emissive multi stimuli responsive ESIPT organic luminogen for monitoring sea food freshness. Food Chem 2023; 427:136643. [PMID: 37385062 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) organic luminophores with excitation wavelength-dependent color tunability have drawn significant attention due to their exceptional photoluminescent properties in solution and solid state. A novel salicylaldehyde-based Schiff's base molecule, (E)-N'-(3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide (BHN) exhibited stimuli (excitation wavelength and pH) induced changes in fluorescence properties which was utilised for applications like trace level water sensing in organic solvents (THF, acetone and DMF), detection and quantification of biogenic amines and anticounterfeiting. In the solution state, BHN rendered a ratiometric detection and quantification of ammonia, diethylamine and trimethylamine, which is further supported by DFT studies. The photoluminescent response of BHN towards various biogenic amines was later utilised to monitor shrimp freshness. The investigation carried out highlights the potential versatility of ESIPT hydrazones, which renders multi stimuli responsive behaviour that can be utilised for water sensing, anticounterfeiting and the detection and quantification of biogenic amines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Joy
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India
| | - Jyothis Devasia
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India
| | - Yamuna Nair
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India
| | - Aatika Nizam
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ndunda EN, Mwanza MM. Towards miniaturized electrochemical sensors for monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls. OPEN RESEARCH AFRICA 2023; 6:5. [PMID: 37224321 PMCID: PMC10192943 DOI: 10.12688/openresafrica.13983.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of our environment as a result of industrialization and other human activities is a growing concern due to the harmful effects of most chemicals that are released into the environment. Of particular interest are the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are reported to be toxic and build up in the environment due to their persistence. Among the POPs are polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which were widely used in the past in various applications ranging from additives in pesticides to dielectric fluids in electrical equipment. As a way of protecting the one health trilogy (environment, human and animal health), their determination in the environment is a paramount call that has seen researchers continue to provide advanced technologies towards achieving this goal. These technologies involve the conventional gold standard gas chromatography systems coupled to sensitive detectors that can detect trace level concentrations. They have come in handy in monitoring of PCBs but their application for routing monitoring may not be sustainable because of the cost of operation associated with them and the need for experts to run the equipment. As a result, there is need for affordable systems that are still able to achieve the required sensitivity for routine monitoring and real-time data acquisition. Sensor systems fit very well in this category since they can be miniaturized for affordability and portray many other desirable features. PCBs as environmentally relevant environmental pollutants have received minimal attention with regards to sensor development and this review highlights the efforts that have been made so far. It provides in-depth discussions on electrochemical sensors and the various modifications that have been employed to date to achieve detection of PCBs at low concentrations as well as the future prospects in remote and routine monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Nthambi Ndunda
- Department of Physical Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Machakos University, Machakos, Machakos County, Kenya
| | - Moses Mutiso Mwanza
- Department of Physical Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Machakos University, Machakos, Machakos County, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Functionalized screen-printed electrodes for the thermal detection of Escherichia coli in dairy products. Food Chem 2023; 404:134653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
9
|
Givanoudi S, Heyndrickx M, Depuydt T, Khorshid M, Robbens J, Wagner P. A Review on Bio- and Chemosensors for the Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Safety Applications: The Status in 2022. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:613. [PMID: 36679407 PMCID: PMC9860941 DOI: 10.3390/s23020613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview on the broad topic of biogenic amines (BAs) that are a persistent concern in the context of food quality and safety. They emerge mainly from the decomposition of amino acids in protein-rich food due to enzymes excreted by pathogenic bacteria that infect food under inappropriate storage conditions. While there are food authority regulations on the maximum allowed amounts of, e.g., histamine in fish, sensitive individuals can still suffer from medical conditions triggered by biogenic amines, and mass outbreaks of scombroid poisoning are reported regularly. We review first the classical techniques used for selective BA detection and quantification in analytical laboratories and focus then on sensor-based solutions aiming at on-site BA detection throughout the food chain. There are receptor-free chemosensors for BA detection and a vastly growing range of bio- and biomimetic sensors that employ receptors to enable selective molecular recognition. Regarding the receptors, we address enzymes, antibodies, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and aptamers as the most recent class of BA receptors. Furthermore, we address the underlying transducer technologies, including optical, electrochemical, mass-sensitive, and thermal-based sensing principles. The review concludes with an assessment on the persistent limitations of BA sensors, a technological forecast, and thoughts on short-term solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stella Givanoudi
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, B-9090 Melle, Belgium
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Marine Division—Cell Blue Biotech/Food Integrity, Jacobsenstraat 1, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, B-9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Tom Depuydt
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mehran Khorshid
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Robbens
- Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Marine Division—Cell Blue Biotech/Food Integrity, Jacobsenstraat 1, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aptamer-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Salmonella: A Scoping Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123186. [PMID: 36553193 PMCID: PMC9777869 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of rapid, accurate, and efficient detection methods for Salmonella can significantly control the outbreak of salmonellosis that threatens global public health. Despite the high sensitivity and specificity of the microbiological, nucleic-acid, and immunological-based methods, they are impractical for detecting samples outside of the laboratory due to the requirement for skilled individuals and sophisticated bench-top equipment. Ideally, an electrochemical biosensor could overcome the limitations of these detection methods since it offers simplicity for the detection process, on-site quantitative analysis, rapid detection time, high sensitivity, and portability. The present scoping review aims to assess the current trends in electrochemical aptasensors to detect and quantify Salmonella. This review was conducted according to the latest Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A literature search was performed using aptamer and Salmonella keywords in three databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Springer. Studies on electrochemical aptasensors for detecting Salmonella published between January 2014 and January 2022 were retrieved. Of the 787 studies recorded in the search, 29 studies were screened for eligibility, and 15 studies that met the inclusion criteria were retrieved for this review. Information on the Salmonella serovars, targets, samples, sensor specification, platform technologies for fabrication, electrochemical detection methods, limit of detection (LoD), and detection time was discussed to evaluate the effectiveness and limitations of the developed electrochemical aptasensor platform for the detection of Salmonella. The reported electrochemical aptasensors were mainly developed to detect Salmonella enterica Typhimurium in chicken meat samples. Most of the developed electrochemical aptasensors were fabricated using conventional electrodes (13 studies) rather than screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) (two studies). The developed aptasensors showed LoD ranges from 550 CFU/mL to as low as 1 CFU/mL within 5 min to 240 min of detection time. The promising detection performance of the electrochemical aptasensor highlights its potential as an excellent alternative to the existing detection methods. Nonetheless, more research is required to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the electrochemical sensing platform for Salmonella detection, particularly in human clinical samples, to enable their future use in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
11
|
Emerging Applications of Versatile Polyaniline-Based Polymers in the Food Industry. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235168. [PMID: 36501566 PMCID: PMC9737623 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) have been widely studied in various applications, such as sensors, tissue engineering, drug delivery, and semiconductors. Specifically, polyaniline (PANI) stands out in food industry applications due to its advantageous reversible redox properties, electrical conductivity, and simple modification. The rising concerns about food safety and security have encouraged the development of PANI as an antioxidant, antimicrobial agent, food freshness indicator, and electronic nose. At the same time, it plays an important role in food safety control to ensure the quality of food. This study reviews the emerging applications of PANI in the food industry. It has been found that the versatile applications of PANI allow the advancement of modern active and intelligent food packaging and better food quality monitoring systems.
Collapse
|
12
|
Tsafack PB, Tsopmo A. Effects of bioactive molecules on the concentration of biogenic amines in foods and biological systems. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10456. [PMID: 36105466 PMCID: PMC9465362 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines (BAs) are a group of molecules naturally present in foods that contain amino acids, peptides, and proteins as well as in biological systems. In foods, their concentrations typically increase during processing and storage because of exposure to microorganisms that catalyze their formation by releasing amino acid decarboxylases. The concentrations of BAs above certain values are indicative of unsafe foods due to associate neuronal toxicity, allergenic reactions, and increase risks of cardiovascular diseases. There are therefore various strategies that focus on the control of BAs in foods mostly through elimination, inactivation, or inhibition of the growth of microorganisms. Increasingly, there are works on bioactive compounds that can decrease the concentration of BAs through their antimicrobial activity as well as the inhibition of decarboxylating enzymes that control their formation in foods or amine oxidases and N-acetyltransferase that control the degradation in vivo. This review focusses on the role of food-derived bioactive compounds and the mechanism by which they regulate the concentration of BAs. The findings are that most active molecules belong to polyphenols, one of the largest groups of plant secondary metabolites, additionally other useful +compounds are present in extracts of different herbs and spices. Different mechanisms have been proposed for the effects of polyphenols depending on the model system. Studies on the effects in vivo are limited and there is a lack of bioavailability and transport data which are important to assess the importance of the bioactive molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Blondin Tsafack
- Nutrition and Functional Food, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via A. D'Accorso, 16, Camerino, Italy
| | - Apollinaire Tsopmo
- Food Science and Nutrition Program, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, K1S 5B6, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiong X, Tan Y, Mubango E, Shi C, Regenstein JM, Yang Q, Hong H, Luo Y. Rapid freshness and survival monitoring biosensors of fish: Progress, challenge, and future perspective. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
14
|
Torre R, Freitas M, Costa-Rama E, Nouws HPA, Delerue-Matos C. Food allergen control: Tropomyosin analysis through electrochemical immunosensing. Food Chem 2022; 396:133659. [PMID: 35839727 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Regulations of the EU obliges the indication of the presence of allergens on food labels. This work reports the development of an electrochemical immunosensor to determine tropomyosin (TPM) - a major shellfish allergen - prevailing in the muscles of crustacean species. Two linear ranges between the signal and TPM concentration were obtained: between 2.5 and 20 ng mL-1 and between 30 and 200 ng mL-1, with a lowest limit of detection of 0.47 ng mL-1. The selectivity of the optimized immunoassay, tested with other food allergens (e.g., Cyp c 1, a fish allergen), assures the effective detection of TPM, enabling successful control of foodstuff labelling. Several (12) foods, containing high and low TPM concentrations and TPM-free samples, were analysed using the sensor. A conventional ELISA kit and recovery assays were used to evaluate the accuracy of the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Torre
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant ónio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200 -072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Freitas
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant ónio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200 -072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Estefanía Costa-Rama
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Henri P A Nouws
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant ónio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200 -072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant ónio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200 -072 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yashini M, Auddy I, Shanmugasundaram S, Vidyalakshmi R, Sunil CK. Characterization of Antibody Immobilization on Chitosan/Gelatin-Modified Electrode and Its Application to Bacillus cereus Detection in Cereal-Based Food. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
16
|
Gu Y, Li Y, Ren D, Sun L, Zhuang Y, Yi L, Wang S. Recent advances in nanomaterial‐assisted electrochemical sensors for food safety analysis. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Dabing Ren
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Liping Sun
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Yongliang Zhuang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Lunzhao Yi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang C, Wang W, Xu Y, Zhao X, Li S, Qian Q, Mi X. Tetrahedral DNA Framework-Programmed Electrochemical Biosenors with Gold Nanoparticles for Ultrasensitive Cell-Free DNA Detection. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040666. [PMID: 35214994 PMCID: PMC8879424 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a dynamic biomarker for genetic analysis, early diagnosis and clinical treatment of cancers. However, its detection has limitations because of its low abundance in blood or other complex bodily fluids. Herein, we developed an ultrasensitive cfDNA electrochemical biosensor (E-cfDNA sensor) based on tetrahedral DNA framework (TDF)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with an interface for cfDNA detection. By accurately controlling the numbers of base pairs on each DNA framework, three types of TDFs were programmed: 26 base pairs of TDF; 17 base pairs of TDF; and 7 base pairs of TDF (TDF-26, TDF-16 and TDF-7, respectively). We also combined the TDF with hybridization chain reaction (HCR) to achieve signal amplification. Under optimal conditions, we detected the breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA-1), a representative cfDNA closely related to breast cancer. An ultra-low detection limit of 1 aM with a linear range from 1 aM to 1 pM by TDF-26 was obtained, which was superior to the existing methods. Each type of TDF has excellent discrimination ability, which can distinguish single mismatch. More significantly, we also detected BRCA-1 in mimic serum samples, demonstrating that the E-cfDNA sensor has potential use in clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (C.W.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (Q.Q.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Pudong New District Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China;
| | - Yi Xu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (C.W.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (Q.Q.)
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Material for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;
| | - Shuainan Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (C.W.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (Q.Q.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuling Qian
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (C.W.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (Q.Q.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xianqiang Mi
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (C.W.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (Q.Q.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Material for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
A hybrid sensing system combining simultaneous optical and electrochemical measurements: Application to beer discrimination. Talanta 2022; 241:123273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
19
|
Wang X, Zhang Z, Wu G, Xu C, Wu J, Zhang X, Liu J. Applications of electrochemical biosensors based on functional antibody-modified screen-printed electrodes: a review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 14:7-16. [PMID: 34877580 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01570b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The detection of biomolecular analytes is of great importance in clinical, environmental, and argo-food areas, among which the electrochemical methodology is attracting much attention. In particular, screen-printed electrode (SPE)-based sensing applications have exhibited potential possibility for on-site detection, especially for fast clinical biomarker detection, since they provide a miniaturized but robust and portable electrode detection system. In this context, we focused on the modification of SPE with functional antibodies to improve the electrochemical detection performance in versatile sensing applications, particularly for COVID-19 detection. These antibodies were immobilized onto the electrode surface via various methodologies, through which the powerful potential from the modification of SPE was revealed. Finally, more novel and excellent works on the biomolecular modification of SPE and the prospects of this technology from its state-of-art status to commercialization are previewed and future perspectives in this field are mentioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuyao Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenqi Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Guolin Wu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Chunxia Xu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Innovative Eco-Friendly Conductive Ink Based on Carbonized Lignin for the Production of Flexible and Stretchable Bio-Sensors. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123428. [PMID: 34947776 PMCID: PMC8706957 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report a novel way to produce carbon-based conductive inks for electronic and sensor technology applications. Carbonized lignin, obtained from the waste products of the Eucalyptus globulus tree paper industry, was used to produce a stable conductive ink. To this end, liquid-phase compositions were tested with different amounts of carbonized lignin powder to obtain an ink with optimal conductivity and rheological properties for different possible uses. The combination that showed the best properties, both regarding electrochemical properties and green compatibility of the materials employed, was cyclohexanone/cellulose acetate/carbonized lignin 5% (w/w), which was used to produce screen-printed electrodes. The electrodes were characterized from a structural and electrochemical point of view, resulting in an electrochemically active area of 0.1813 cm2, compared to the electrochemically active area of 0.1420 cm2 obtained by employing geometrically similar petroleum-based screen-printed electrodes and, finally, their performance was demonstrated for the quantification of uric acid, with a limit of detection of 0.3 µM, and their biocompatibility was assessed by testing it with the laccase enzyme and achieving a limit of detection of 2.01 µM for catechol as the substrate. The results suggest that the developed ink could be of great use in both sensor and electronic industries, reducing the overall ecological impact of traditionally used petroleum-based inks.
Collapse
|
21
|
Advancement in Salmonella Detection Methods: From Conventional to Electrochemical-Based Sensing Detection. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11090346. [PMID: 34562936 PMCID: PMC8468554 DOI: 10.3390/bios11090346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale food-borne outbreaks caused by Salmonella are rarely seen nowadays, thanks to the advanced nature of the medical system. However, small, localised outbreaks in certain regions still exist and could possess a huge threat to the public health if eradication measure is not initiated. This review discusses the progress of Salmonella detection approaches covering their basic principles, characteristics, applications, and performances. Conventional Salmonella detection is usually performed using a culture-based method, which is time-consuming, labour intensive, and unsuitable for on-site testing and high-throughput analysis. To date, there are many detection methods with a unique detection system available for Salmonella detection utilising immunological-based techniques, molecular-based techniques, mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, optical phenotyping, and biosensor methods. The electrochemical biosensor has growing interest in Salmonella detection mainly due to its excellent sensitivity, rapidity, and portability. The use of a highly specific bioreceptor, such as aptamers, and the application of nanomaterials are contributing factors to these excellent characteristics. Furthermore, insight on the types of biorecognition elements, the principles of electrochemical transduction elements, and the miniaturisation potential of electrochemical biosensors are discussed.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang B, Li Z, Zhang S, Lv J, Dong F, Han B, Yang Y, Yang Z, Sun Y, Lu H, Ma H. Fabricating Soft Fluorescent Materials by a Supramolecular Method and a Cost-Effective Approach to Effectively Sense Amine Vapors during Fish Spoilage. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shengjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiawei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Fenghao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Bingyang Han
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zengming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huiming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hengchang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
Monitoring microbial growth on a microfluidic lab-on-chip with electrochemical impedance spectroscopic technique. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:26. [PMID: 33885989 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A continuous rise in the wastes from industrial effluents, bio-waste, and pharmaceuticals has deteriorated surface water and drinking water sources. Standard laboratory tests of total coliform are time-consuming and logistically inefficient for field data generation. Better and portable sensing technologies are needed. This paper reports an electrical impedance spectroscopic technique incorporated in a micro-fluidic chip with interdigitated microelectrodes to monitor the growth of microbial cells. Lag, log, and stationary phases of Escherichia coli cell growth with an integrated electrode are successfully detected, for samples of reverse osmosis water, standard treated tap water, and recycled water respectively. The results indicate that reverse osmosis water has a higher probability of contamination with bacterial pathogens compared to the other two types of water samples when subjected to the same amount of added nutrients. The statistical analysis shows a possible single detection range with higher-order regression, and repeat use of a single chip with the electrode was found to be within an acceptable limit. The interdigitated electrodes exposed to in-situ cell growth conditions and repeated electrical measurements have shown a promise for possible periodic or continuous monitoring. The paper further identifies several complimentary analysis methodologies that are robust towards phase noise in the measured impedance and are suited particularly for early-stage detection of bacterial contamination. The cell adhesion tendencies over the microelectrode due to the electric field need to be further analyzed.
Collapse
|
25
|
Intelligent Packaging for Real-Time Monitoring of Food-Quality: Current and Future Developments. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11083532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Food packaging encompasses the topical role of preserving food, hence, extending the shelf-life, while ensuring the highest quality and safety along the production chain as well as during storage. Intelligent food packaging further develops the functions of traditional packages by introducing the capability of continuously monitoring food quality during the whole chain to assess and reduce the insurgence of food-borne disease and food waste. To this purpose, several sensing systems based on different food quality indicators have been proposed in recent years, but commercial applications remain a challenge. This review provides a critical summary of responsive systems employed in the real-time monitoring of food quality and preservation state. First, food quality indicators are briefly presented, and subsequently, their exploitation to fabricate intelligent packaging based on responsive materials is discussed. Finally, current challenges and future trends are reviewed to highlight the importance of concentrating efforts on developing new functional solutions.
Collapse
|
26
|
Costa-Rama E, Fernández-Abedul MT. Paper-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes: A New Generation of Low-Cost Electroanalytical Platforms. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:51. [PMID: 33669316 PMCID: PMC7920281 DOI: 10.3390/bios11020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Screen-printed technology has helped considerably to the development of portable electrochemical sensors since it provides miniaturized but robust and user-friendly electrodes. Moreover, this technology allows to obtain very versatile transducers, not only regarding their design, but also their ease of modification. Therefore, in the last decades, the use of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) has exponentially increased, with ceramic as the main substrate. However, with the growing interest in the use of cheap and widely available materials as the basis of analytical devices, paper or other low-cost flat materials have become common substrates for SPEs. Thus, in this revision, a comprehensive overview on paper-based SPEs used for analytical proposes is provided. A great variety of designs is reported, together with several examples to illustrate the main applications.
Collapse
|
27
|
Smartphone-Based NFC Potentiostat for Wireless Electrochemical Sensing. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11010392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Most electrochemical sensing requires affordable, portable and easy-to-use electrochemical devices for use in point-of-care testing and resource-limited settings. This work presents the design and evaluates the analytical performance of a near-field communication (NFC) potentiostat, a flat card-sized electrochemical device containing a microchip for electrical analysis and an NFC antenna for smartphone connection. The NFC interface is a wireless connection between the microchip and smartphone to simplify measuring units and make the potentiostat into a passive operated device, running without a battery. The proposed potentiostat can perform the common electrochemical techniques including cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry with a current range and voltage range of ±20 µA and ±0.8 V. The performance of the NFC potentiostat is compared to a commercial benchtop potentiostat using ferricyanide as a standard solution. The results show that the NFC potentiostat is comparable to a commercial benchtop potentiostat for both cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry measurements. The application of the proposed potentiostat is demonstrated by measuring ascorbic acid concentration. As described, the NFC potentiostat, which is compatible with a smartphone, is low-cost, small in size and user-friendly. Thus, the device can be developed for on-site measurement to apply in various fields.
Collapse
|