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Abbasi Tarighat M, Abdi G, Abbasi Tarighat F, Shahmohammadi Bayatiyani K. Authentication and identification of Lamiaceae family with cyclic voltammetry fingerprint-PCA-LDA and determination of the used phenolic contents for classification using chromatographic analyses. Talanta 2023; 265:124894. [PMID: 37421792 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Todays, it is essential to evaluate and check the quality of herbal medicines in to protect the public health. As medicinal plants, the extracts of labiate herbs are used directly or indirectly to treat a variety of diseases. Increase in their consumption has led to the fraud in herbal medicines. Hence, modern accurate diagnostic methods must be introduced to differentiate and authenticate these samples. Electrochemical fingerprints have not been evaluated for their capacity to distinguish and classify various genera within a family. Since it is essential to classify, identify, and distinguish between these closely related plants in order to guarantee the quality of the raw materials, the authenticity and quality of 48 dried and fresh Lamiaceae samples, which include Mint, Thyme, Oregano, Satureja, Basil, and Lavender with various geographic origins, were examined. The present study focused on (a) classification and authentication Labiate herbs extracts and (b) identification of active compounds in samples by Gas chromatography and HPLC methods. This was accomplished using principal component analysis (PCA) and PCA-linear discriminate analysis (PCA-LDA). The results of the clustering revealed that PCA-LDA categorized mint species more accurately than PCA. In addition to certain flavonoids including ferulic acid, apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin, HPLC and GC analysis of the ethanolic extract revealed the presence of phenolic acids such as rosmarenic acid, methyl rosmarenate, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, and chlorogenic acid. Comparing results of PCA-LDA with chromatographic analysis show that the authentication and detection of fraud samples were correctly performed using chemometyrics technique based on CV fingerprints. Even, there was no need to completely identify components of the mint samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abbasi Tarighat
- Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Abdi
- Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.
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2
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Li B, Zhang R, Du F. Electrochemical sensor monitoring of the fermentation process of sour bamboo shoots. INT J ELECTROCHEM SC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2023.100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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3
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Wang Q, Ye W, Li D, Zhu J, Liu C, Lin C, Fu L, Xu Z. Analysis of Electrochemically Active Substances in Malvaceae Leaves via Electroanalytical Sensing Technology for Species Identification. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:248. [PMID: 36837948 PMCID: PMC9963770 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical analysis has become a new method for plant analysis in recent years. It can not only collect signals of electrochemically active substances in plant tissues, but can also be used to identify plant species. At the same time, the signals of electrochemically active substances in plant tissues can also be used to investigate plant phylogeny. In this work, we collected electrochemical finger patterns in Malvaceae leaves based on the established methodological strategy. After the second derivative treatment, the collected electrochemical fingerprints can show more obvious differences. Three different recognition models were used to attempt electrochemical fingerprinting. The results show that linear support vector classification can be used to identify species with high accuracy by combining the electrochemical fingerprint signals collected in the phosphoric acid buffer solution and acetic acid buffer solution. In addition, the fingerprint information collected by the electrochemical sensor is further used for phylogenetic investigation. The 18 species were divided into three clusters. Species of the same genus have been clustered together. Dendrogram obtained by electrochemical fingerprinting was used to compare previously reported results deduced from morphological and complete chloroplast genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weiting Ye
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dongling Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jiangwei Zhu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chenghang Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Chengte Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Li Fu
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zenglai Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China
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4
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Zhao H, Xue D, Zhang L. Electrochemical fingerprints identification of tea based on one-dimensional convolutional neural network. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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5
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A brief review on natural dyes, pigments: Recent advances and future perspectives. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Zhang P, Li X, Zheng Y, Fu L. Changes in and Recognition of Electrochemical Fingerprints of Acer spp. in Different Seasons. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1114. [PMID: 36551081 PMCID: PMC9775163 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electroanalytical chemistry is a metrological analysis technique that provides information feedback by measuring the voltammetric signal that changes when a molecule is involved in an electrochemical reaction. There is variability in the type and content of electrochemically active substances among different plants, and the signal differences presented by such differences in electrochemical reactions can be used for plant identification and physiological monitoring. This work used electroanalytical chemistry to monitor the growth of three Acer spp. This work explores the feasibility of the electrochemical analysis technique for the physiological monitoring of highly differentiated plants within the genus and further validates the technique. Changes in the electrochemical fingerprints of A. cinnamomifolium, A. sinopurpurascens and A. palmatum 'Matsumurae' were recorded during the one-year developmental cycle. The results show that the differences in the electrochemical fingerprint profiles of Acer spp. can be used to distinguish different species and identify the growth status in each season. This work also concludes with an identification flowchart based on electrochemical fingerprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchong Zhang
- Hangzhou Botanical Garden (Hangzhou West Lake Research Institute of Garden Science), Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yuhong Zheng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Li Fu
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Hu J, Shen Y, Zheng Y, Zhou W, Karimi-maleh H, Liu Q, Fu L. Electrochemical fingerprinting sensor for plant phylogenetic investigation: A case of sclerophyllous oak. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:962301. [PMID: 36438123 PMCID: PMC9682139 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.962301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical fingerprinting can collect the electrochemical behavior of electrochemically active molecules in plant tissues, so it is regarded as a new plant analysis technology. Because the signal of electrochemical fingerprinting is positively correlated with the amount and type of electrochemically active molecules in plant tissues, it can also be used to reflect genetic differences between different species. Previous electrochemical fingerprinting techniques have been frequently used in phylogenetic studies of herbaceous plants. In this work, 19 Quercus species (17 evergreen or semi evergreen species and 2 deciduous species) were selected for investigation. The results indicated the electrochemical fingerprint of some species share similar features but can be distinguished after changing the recording condition (extraction solvent and electrolyte). The two sets of electrochemical fingerprint data can be used to construct different pattern recognition technology, which further speeds up the recognition efficiency. These electrochemical fingerprints were further used in phylogenetic investigations. The phylogenetic results deduced from electrochemical fingerprinting were divided mainly into three clusters. These can provide evidence for some of these arguments as well as new results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Zheng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, China
| | - Hassan Karimi-maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Qing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Fu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
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Ghorbanizamani F, Moulahoum H, Guler Celik E, Timur S. Ionic liquid-hydrogel hybrid material for enhanced electron transfer and sensitivity towards electrochemical detection of methamphetamine. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Yu M, Liu M, Li Y. Point-of-Care Based Electrochemical Immunoassay for Epstein-Barr Virus Detection. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:5711384. [PMID: 35677726 PMCID: PMC9170392 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5711384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for the sensing of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with high sensitivity. First, a monolayer of 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT) was fabricated on the screen-printed electrode surface by the interaction between sulfur atoms and SPE. AuNPs can be modified on the electrode by the Au-S bond formed between the HDT-free group and Au atom in AuNPs. Protein A is then adsorbed onto AuNPs. Several parameters were optimized. The optimum concentration of protein A is 0.6 mg/mL. The optimum immobilization time for protein A is 90 min. The optimum concentration of antibody is 80 μg/mL. The optimum immobilization time for antibody is 90 min. Directional immobilization of EBV antibody is achieved by high affinity binding of protein A to the Fc segment of antibody. When antigen specifically binds to antibody, the formation of immune complexes blocks electron transfer of [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- and is reflected in the detection of cyclic voltammetry/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The detection range is 1 pg/mL-l00 ng/mL with a LOD of 0.1 pg/mL. In addition, the proposed sensor exhibited an excellent antiinterference property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nnajing Street Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Logistics Support Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nnajing Street Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
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10
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Can Electrochemical Sensors Be Used for Identification and Phylogenetic Studies in Lamiaceae? SENSORS 2021; 21:s21248216. [PMID: 34960306 PMCID: PMC8706286 DOI: 10.3390/s21248216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors have shown potential in recent years for plant species identification and phylogenetic studies. These works have been used to investigate the affinities of different species in many genera. However, the ability of electrochemical sensors to study relationships between different genera within a family has not been investigated. In this work, we selected 31 species in the Labiatae and 5 exotaxa as subjects to investigate the feasibility of electrochemical sensors at the genus level. The results show that electrochemical sensors are still very effective for the identification of these plants. Different pattern recognition techniques can make the identification more efficient. Also, the fingerprint profiles collected by the sensors can be used for phylogenetic studies of Labiatae. The phylogram divides all the species into five clusters, where the exotaxa are in one cluster. Species in the Labiatae are mainly distributed in four other clusters. Importantly, the different genera of species all showed close affinities, representing that electrochemical fingerprinting can well distinguish the affinities between the different genera. The results of this work demonstrate the great potential of electrochemical sensors in the study of plant phylogeny. Its application is not limited to the study at the species level, but can be extended to the genus level.
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11
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Li M, Li D, Huang G, Zhou L, Wen Q, Zhu W, Pan H. Signal-on electrochemical DNA (E-DNA) sensor for accurate quantification of nicking-assisted rolling circle amplification (N-RCA) products with attomolar sensitivity. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:5679-5684. [PMID: 34812441 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01664d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rolling circle amplification (RCA) has become an increasingly important amplification technique in nucleic acid analysis, immunoassay, and molecular diagnosis due to its high specificity and sensitivity. However, the accurate quantification of RCA products via the extensively used fluorescent signaling method has been challenged primarily by the non-specific and sequence-independent binding of the fluorescent dyes to DNA. Here, we have developed a signal-on E-DNA sensor for accurate quantification of the RCA products with high specificity and sensitivity. A restriction enzyme was introduced to cleave the long tandem repeat sequences generated in the RCA reaction into many short monomers. The short monomers were then used as secondary targets to trigger the E-DNA sensor to produce an amplified redox current and thus the resulting RCA products were detected. The method was successfully applied to the detection of miR-7a with high specificity and the detection limit was as low as 0.59 fM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China.
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China.
| | - Guidan Huang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China.
| | - Linying Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China.
| | - Qilin Wen
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China.
| | - Wenyuan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China.
| | - Hongcheng Pan
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China.
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12
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Zheng Y, Wang D, Li X, Wang Z, Zhou Q, Fu L, Yin Y, Creech D. Biometric Identification of Taxodium spp. and Their Hybrid Progenies by Electrochemical Fingerprints. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:403. [PMID: 34677359 PMCID: PMC8534068 DOI: 10.3390/bios11100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of electrochemical fingerprints for plant identification is an emerging application in biosensors. In this work, Taxodium ascendens, T. distichum, T. mucronatum, and 18 of their hybrid progenies were collected for this purpose. This is the first attempt to use electrochemical fingerprinting for the identification of plant hybrid progeny. Electrochemical fingerprinting in the leaves of Taxodium spp. was recorded under two conditions. The results showed that the electrochemical fingerprints of each species and progeny possessed very suitable reproducibility. These electrochemical fingerprints represent the electrochemical behavior of electrochemically active substances in leaf tissues under specific conditions. Since these species and progenies are very closely related to each other, it is challenging to identify them directly using a particular electrochemical fingerprinting. Therefore, electrochemical fingerprints measured under different conditions were used to perform pattern recognition. We can identify different species and progenies by locating the features in different pattern maps. We also performed a phylogenetic study with data from electrochemical fingerprinting. The results proved that the electrochemical classification results and the relationship between them are closely related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zheng
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich, Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Da Wang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.W.); (X.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xiaolong Li
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.W.); (X.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich, Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Qingwei Zhou
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.W.); (X.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Li Fu
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.W.); (X.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yunlong Yin
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Taxodium Rich, Germplasm Innovation and Propagation, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - David Creech
- Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA;
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Conductive Hydrogel-Based Electrochemical Sensor: A Soft Platform for Capturing Analyte. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Electrode modifications for electrochemical sensors attract a lot of attention every year. Among them, hydrogels are a relatively special class of electrode modifier. Since hydrogels often contain polymers, even though they are conductive polymers, they are not ideal electrode modifiers because of their poor conductivity. However, the micro-aqueous environment and the three-dimensional structure of hydrogels are an excellent platform for immobilizing bioactive molecules and maintaining their activity. This gives the hydrogel-modified electrochemical sensor the potential to perform specific recognition. At the same time, the rapid development of nanomaterials also makes the composite hydrogel have good electrical conductivity. This has led many scientists to become interested in hydrogel-based electrochemical sensors. In this review, we summarize the development process of hydrogel-based electrochemical sensors, starting from 2000. Hydrogel-based electrochemical sensors were initially used only as a carrier for biomolecules, mostly for loading enzymes and for specific recognition. With the widespread use of noble metal nanoparticles and carbon materials, hydrogels can now be used to prepare enzyme-free sensors. Although there are some sporadic studies on the use of hydrogels for practical applications, the vast majority of reports are still limited to the detection of common model molecules, such as glucose and H2O2. In the review, we classify hydrogels according to their different conducting strategies, and present the current status of the application of different hydrogels in electrochemical sensors. We also summarize the advantages and shortcomings of hydrogel-based electrochemical sensors. In addition, future prospects regarding hydrogel for electrochemical sensor use have been provided at the end.
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Zhou Q, Liu K, Li X, Gu Y, Zheng Y, Fan B, Wu W. Voltammetric Electrochemical Sensor for Phylogenetic Study in Acer Linn. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:323. [PMID: 34562913 PMCID: PMC8467498 DOI: 10.3390/bios11090323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acer Linn. is a highly divergent species morphology in the maple family (Aceraceae). It is one of the genera facing a very difficult taxonomic situation. The phylogeny of the genus and the taxonomic system under the genus remain unclear. The use of electrochemical fingerprints for plant phylogenetic study is an emerging application in biosensors. In this work, leaves of 18 species of Acer Linn. with an exo-taxa were selected for electrochemical fingerprint recording. Two different conditions were used for improving the data abundance. The fingerprint of all species showed a series of oxidation peaks. These peaks can be ascribed to the oxidation of flavonols, phenolic acids, procyanidins, alkaloids, and pigments in plant tissue. These electrochemical fingerprints can be used for the identification of plant species. We also performed a phylogenetic study with data from electrochemical fingerprinting. The phylogenetic tree of Acer is divided into three main clades. The result is in full agreement with A. shangszeense var. anfuense, A. pictum subsp. mono, A. amplum, A. truncatum, and A. miaotaiense, belonging to the subsection Platanoidea. A. nikoense and A. griseum were clustered together in the dendrogram. Another group that fits the traditional classification results is in the subsection Integrifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Zhou
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (B.F.)
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, Xuzhou Campus, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Zhejiang Huachuan Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Yiwu 322003, China
| | - Kewei Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province & Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (Y.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaolong Li
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Yonghua Gu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province & Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (Y.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuhong Zheng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province & Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (Y.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Boyuan Fan
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Weihong Wu
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.Z.); (X.L.); (B.F.)
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Li W, Luo W, Li M, Chen L, Chen L, Guan H, Yu M. The Impact of Recent Developments in Electrochemical POC Sensor for Blood Sugar Care. Front Chem 2021; 9:723186. [PMID: 34395386 PMCID: PMC8360348 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.723186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid glucose testing is very important in the care of diabetes. Monitoring of blood glucose is the most critical indicator of disease control in diabetic patients. The invention and popularity of electrochemical sensors have made glucose detection fast and inexpensive. The first generation of glucose sensors had limitations in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. In order to overcome these problems, scientists have used a range of new materials to produce new glucose electrochemical sensors with higher sensitivity, selectivity and lower cost. A variety of different electrochemical sensors including enzymatic electrochemical sensors and enzyme-free electrochemical sensors have been extensively investigated. We discussed the development process of electrochemical glucose sensors in this review. We focused on describing the benefits of carbon materials in nanomaterials, specially graphene for sensors. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the sensors and challenges in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- ICU of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weixiang Luo
- Nursing Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Hepatological Surgery Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liyu Chen
- Endocrinology Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liyan Chen
- Nursing Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua Guan
- Respiratory Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengjiao Yu
- Gastroenterology Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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