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Liu C, Liu J, Chen Y, Jiang D, Lin H, Cao L, Wang K, Sui J. Efficient Hapten-Specific Biopanning Strategy Based on the Fe 3O 4@ENR-Functionalized Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:14586-14594. [PMID: 37792480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The biopanning of target-specific phages is one of the most critical steps in the preparation of single-domain antibodies. In the traditional biopanning of haptens, the nonspecific binding of library phages to macromolecular proteins is one of the most challenging problems in preparing single-domain antibodies. In this research, Fe3O4@ENR-functionalized core-shell magnetic nanoparticles (FMNPs) were silylated and aminated by tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, and target enrofloxacin was coupled onto the surface by the carbodiimide method. The magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size distribution, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy observation, and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A biopanning strategy based on Fe3O4@ENR FMNPs was then established to solve the problem in the traditional solid-phase biopanning process. The results showed that a considerable number of enrofloxacin (ENR)-positive phages were screened by only one round of biopanning. Finally, two ENR-specific shark-derived single-domain genes were identified and validated by monoclonal phage ELISA, gene sequencing, and biolayer interferometry technology. Our study provides a new biopanning strategy based on Fe3O4@ENR FMNPs for efficiently providing phages specific to haptens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Difei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Hong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Limin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Jianxin Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
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Vajhadin F, Mazloum-Ardakani M, Hemati M, Moshtaghioun SM. Facile preparation of a cost-effective platform based on ZnFe 2O 4 nanomaterials for electrochemical cell detection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4962. [PMID: 36973342 PMCID: PMC10042879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31377-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are important tumor markers that indicate early metastasis, tumor recurrence, and treatment efficacy. To identify and separate these cells from the blood, new nanomaterials need to be developed. The present study explored the potential application of ZnFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles in capturing CTCs with cell surface markers. Folic acid was coupled to L-cysteine-capped ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles (ZC) to provide binding sites on ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles for the recognition of folate bioreceptors, which are highly expressed in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles and ZC against MCF-7 was analyzed with the MTT assay. After 24 h of incubation, there were IC50 values of 702.6 and 805.5 µg/mL for ZnFe2O4 and ZC, respectively. However, after 48 h of incubation, IC50 values of ZnFe2O4 and ZC were reduced to 267.3 and 389.7 µg/mL, respectively. The cell quantification was conducted with magnetically collected cells placed on a glassy carbon electrode, and the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) responses were analyzed. This cost-effective ZnFe2O4-based biosensing platform allowed cancer cell detection with a limit of detection of 3 cells/mL, ranging from 25 to 104 cells/mL. In future, these functionalized zinc ferrites may be used in electrochemical cell detection and targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Vajhadin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, 8915818411, Iran
| | | | - Mahdie Hemati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Medical Nanotechnology & Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Shiro C, Nishikawa H, Kong X, Tomiyama H, Yamashita S. Minimization of MEDA Biochip-Size in Droplet Routing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050277. [PMID: 35624578 PMCID: PMC9138771 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for fast, accurate, and reliable biological sensor systems, miniaturized systems have been aimed at droplet-based sensor systems and have been promising. A micro-electrode dot array (MEDA) biochip, which is one kind of the miniaturized systems for biochemical protocols such as dispensing, dilutions, mixing, and so on, has become widespread due to enabling dynamical control of the droplets in microfluidic manipulations. In MEDA biochips, the electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) technique stands out since it can actuate droplets with nano/picoliter volumes. Microelectrode cells on MEDA actuate multiple droplets simultaneously to route locations for the purpose of the biochemical operations. Taking advantage of the feature, droplets are often routed in parallel to achieve high-throughput outcomes. Regarding parallel manipulation of multiple droplets, however, the droplets are known to be initially placed at a distant position to avoid undesirable mixing. The droplets thus result in traveling a long way for a manipulation, and the required biochip size for routing is also enlarged. This paper proposes a routing method for droplets to reduce the biochip size on a MEDA biochip with the allowance of splitting during routing operations. We mathematically derive the routing problem, and the experiments demonstrate that our proposal can significantly reduce the biochip size by 70.8% on average, compared to the state-of-the-art method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Shiro
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan; (C.S.); (H.N.); (X.K.)
| | - Hiroki Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan; (C.S.); (H.N.); (X.K.)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Research Fellow, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Xiangbo Kong
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan; (C.S.); (H.N.); (X.K.)
| | - Hiroyuki Tomiyama
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan; (C.S.); (H.N.); (X.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-77-561-5013
| | - Shigeru Yamashita
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan;
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Ma Y, Qiang T, Gao M, Liang J, Jiang Y. Quantitative, Temperature-Calibrated and Real-Time Glucose Biosensor Based on Symmetrical-Meandering-Type Resistor and Intertwined Capacitor Structure. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:484. [PMID: 34940241 PMCID: PMC8699495 DOI: 10.3390/bios11120484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, we propose a glucose biosensor with the advantages of quantification, excellent linearity, temperature-calibration function, and real-time detection based on a resistor and capacitor, in which the resistor works as a temperature sensor and the capacitor works as a biosensor. The resistor has a symmetrical meandering type structure that increases the contact area, leading to variations in resistance and effective temperature monitoring of a glucose solution. The capacitor is designed with an intertwined structure that fully contacts the glucose solution, so that capacitance is sensitively varied, and high sensitivity monitoring can be realized. Moreover, a polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic channel is applied to achieve a fixed shape, a fixed point, and quantitative measurements, which can eliminate influences caused by fluidity, shape, and thickness of the glucose sample. The glucose solution in a temperature range of 25-100 °C is measured with variations of 0.2716 Ω/°C and a linearity response of 0.9993, ensuring that the capacitor sensor can have reference temperature information before detecting the glucose concentration, achieving the purpose of temperature calibration. The proposed capacitor-based biosensor demonstrates sensitivities of 0.413 nF/mg·dL-1, 0.048 nF/mg·dL-1, and 0.011 pF/mg·dL-1; linearity responses of 0.96039, 0.91547, and 0.97835; and response times less than 1 second, respectively, at DC, 1 kHz, and 1 MHz for a glucose solution with a concentration range of 25-1000 mg/dL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tian Qiang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.M.); (M.G.); (J.L.); (Y.J.)
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Narayana Iyengar S, Kumar T, Mårtensson G, Russom A. High resolution and rapid separation of bacteria from blood using elasto-inertial microfluidics. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2538-2551. [PMID: 34510466 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Improved sample preparation has the potential to address unmet needs for fast turnaround sepsis tests. In this work, we report elasto-inertial based rapid bacteria separation from diluted blood at high separation efficiency. In viscoelastic flows, we demonstrate novel findings where blood cells prepositioned at the outer wall entering a spiral device remain fully focused throughout the channel length while smaller bacteria migrate to the opposite wall. Initially, using microparticles, we show that particles above a certain size cut-off remain fully focused at the outer wall while smaller particles differentially migrate toward the inner wall. We demonstrate particle separation at 1 μm resolution at a total throughput of 1 mL/min. For blood-based experiments, a minimum of 1:2 dilution was necessary to fully focus blood cells at the outer wall. Finally, Escherichia coli spiked in diluted blood were continuously separated at a total flow rate of 1 mL/min, with efficiencies between 82 and 90% depending on the blood dilution. Using a single spiral, it takes 40 min to process 1 mL of blood at a separation efficiency of 82%. The label-free, passive, and rapid bacteria isolation method has a great potential for speeding up downstream phenotypic and genotypic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Narayana Iyengar
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.,AIMES-Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tharagan Kumar
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.,AIMES-Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Mårtensson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Aman Russom
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.,AIMES-Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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Recent Development of Nanomaterials-Based Cytosensors for the Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11080281. [PMID: 34436082 PMCID: PMC8391755 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The accurate analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) holds great promise in early diagnosis and prognosis of cancers. However, the extremely low abundance of CTCs in peripheral blood samples limits the practical utility of the traditional methods for CTCs detection. Thus, novel and powerful strategies have been proposed for sensitive detection of CTCs. In particular, nanomaterials with exceptional physical and chemical properties have been used to fabricate cytosensors for amplifying the signal and enhancing the sensitivity. In this review, we summarize the recent development of nanomaterials-based optical and electrochemical analytical techniques for CTCs detection, including fluorescence, colorimetry, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, chemiluminescence, electrochemistry, electrochemiluminescence, photoelectrochemistry and so on.
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