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Qiao X, Chen Y, Wang Z, Peng N, Niu W, Hou S, Wu J, Ji Y, Niu C, Cheng C. GTF2E2 downregulated by miR-340-5p inhibits the malignant progression of glioblastoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1702-1714. [PMID: 37845349 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant tumor in the central nervous system. The general transcription factor IIE subunit beta (GTF2E2) is crucial for physiological and pathological functions, but its roles in the malignant biological function of glioma remain ambiguous. CCK-8, colony formation assays, TUNEL assays, cell migration assays, wound-healing assays, and xenograft model were established to investigate the biological functions of GTF2E2 both in vitro and in vivo. GTF2E2 was overexpressed in glioma and was associated with poor prognosis of glioma patients. Biological functions of GTF2E2 were investigated both in vitro and in vi0vo by multiple experiments. Moreover, we explored the possible mechanisms of GTF2E2. In our results, we demonstrated that GTF2E2 could be regulated by miR-340-5p directly or indirectly. CCND1 was transcriptionally affected by GTF2E2 and glioma progression was then regulated. Our data presented the overexpression of GTF2E2 in glioma and indicated the association between GTF2E2 and glioma prognosis. GTF2E2 was found to be regulated by miR-340-5p and thus affect downstream gene expressions and glioma progression. Our results indicate that GTF2E2 might be a potential target in the diagnosis and treatments of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Qiao
- Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001, Huainan, Anhui, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230001, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230001, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Dalian Medical University, 116000, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Nan Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230001, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanxiang Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230001, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shiqiang Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou, 239000, Chuzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaying Wu
- Bengbu Medical College, 233000, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230001, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Chaoshi Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230001, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Chuandong Cheng
- Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001, Huainan, Anhui, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230001, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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2
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Yang Y, Liu Z, Lu J, Sun Y, Fu Y, Pan M, Xie X, Ge Q. Analysis approaches for the identification and prediction of N6-methyladenosine sites. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2158284. [PMID: 36562485 PMCID: PMC9980620 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2158284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The global dynamics in a variety of biological processes can be revealed by mapping transcriptional m6A sites, in particular full-transcriptome m6A. And individual m6A sites have contributed to biological function, which can be evaluated by stoichiometric information obtained from the single nucleotide resolution. Currently, the identification of m6A sites is mainly carried out by experiment and prediction methods, based on high-throughput sequencing and machine learning model respectively. This review summarizes the recent topics and progress made in bioinformatics methods of deciphering the m6A methylation, including the experimental detection of m6A methylation sites, techniques of data analysis, the way of predicting m6A methylation sites, m6A methylation databases, and detection of m6A modification in circRNA. At the end, the essay makes a brief discussion for the development perspective in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyu Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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3
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Ivanov YD, Malsagova KA, Goldaeva KV, Kapustina SI, Pleshakova TO, Popov VP, Kozlov AF, Galiullin RA, Shumov ID, Enikeev DV, Potoldykova NV, Ziborov VS, Petrov OF, Dolgoborodov AY, Glukhov AV, Novikov SV, Grabezhova VK, Yushkov ES, Konev VA, Kovalev OB, Archakov AI. Nanoribbon Biosensor-Based Detection of microRNA Markers of Prostate Cancer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7527. [PMID: 37687982 PMCID: PMC10490786 DOI: 10.3390/s23177527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the major causes of death among elderly men. PC is often diagnosed later in progression due to asymptomatic early stages. Early detection of PC is thus crucial for effective PC treatment. The aim of this study is the simultaneous highly sensitive detection of a palette of PC-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) in human plasma samples. With this aim, a nanoribbon biosensor system based on "silicon-on-insulator" structures (SOI-NR biosensor) has been employed. In order to provide biospecific detection of the target miRNAs, the surface of individual nanoribbons has been sensitized with DNA oligonucleotide probes (oDNA probes) complementary to the target miRNAs. The lowest concentration of nucleic acids, detectable with our biosensor, has been found to be 1.1 × 10-17 M. The successful detection of target miRNAs, isolated from real plasma samples of PC patients, has also been demonstrated. We believe that the development of highly sensitive nanotechnology-based biosensors for the detection of PC markers is a step towards personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri D. Ivanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.D.I.); (K.A.M.); (S.I.K.); (T.O.P.); (A.F.K.); (R.A.G.); (I.D.S.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Kristina A. Malsagova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.D.I.); (K.A.M.); (S.I.K.); (T.O.P.); (A.F.K.); (R.A.G.); (I.D.S.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Kristina V. Goldaeva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.D.I.); (K.A.M.); (S.I.K.); (T.O.P.); (A.F.K.); (R.A.G.); (I.D.S.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Svetlana I. Kapustina
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.D.I.); (K.A.M.); (S.I.K.); (T.O.P.); (A.F.K.); (R.A.G.); (I.D.S.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Tatyana O. Pleshakova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.D.I.); (K.A.M.); (S.I.K.); (T.O.P.); (A.F.K.); (R.A.G.); (I.D.S.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Vladimir P. Popov
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Andrey F. Kozlov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.D.I.); (K.A.M.); (S.I.K.); (T.O.P.); (A.F.K.); (R.A.G.); (I.D.S.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Rafael A. Galiullin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.D.I.); (K.A.M.); (S.I.K.); (T.O.P.); (A.F.K.); (R.A.G.); (I.D.S.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Ivan D. Shumov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.D.I.); (K.A.M.); (S.I.K.); (T.O.P.); (A.F.K.); (R.A.G.); (I.D.S.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Dmitry V. Enikeev
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.E.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Natalia V. Potoldykova
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.E.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Vadim S. Ziborov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.Z.); (O.F.P.); (A.Y.D.)
| | - Oleg F. Petrov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.Z.); (O.F.P.); (A.Y.D.)
| | - Alexander Y. Dolgoborodov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.Z.); (O.F.P.); (A.Y.D.)
| | - Alexander V. Glukhov
- JSC “Novosibirsk Plant of Semiconductor Devices with OKB”, 630082 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Sergey V. Novikov
- Associate Printing-and-Publication Centre Technosphera, 125319 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Victoria K. Grabezhova
- JSC “Design Center for Biomicroelectronic Technologies “Vega””, 630082 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Evgeniy S. Yushkov
- Department for Business Project Management, National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Konev
- Department of Infectious Diseases in Children, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (O.B.K.)
| | - Oleg B. Kovalev
- Department of Infectious Diseases in Children, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.K.); (O.B.K.)
| | - Alexander I. Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.D.I.); (K.A.M.); (S.I.K.); (T.O.P.); (A.F.K.); (R.A.G.); (I.D.S.); (A.I.A.)
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4
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Bogusiewicz J, Bojko B. Insight into new opportunities in intra-surgical diagnostics of brain tumors. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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5
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Gharehzadehshirazi A, Zarejousheghani M, Falahi S, Joseph Y, Rahimi P. Biomarkers and Corresponding Biosensors for Childhood Cancer Diagnostics. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23031482. [PMID: 36772521 PMCID: PMC9919359 DOI: 10.3390/s23031482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although tremendous progress has been made in treating childhood cancer, it is still one of the leading causes of death in children worldwide. Because cancer symptoms overlap with those of other diseases, it is difficult to predict a tumor early enough, which causes cancers in children to be more aggressive and progress more rapidly than in adults. Therefore, early and accurate detection methods are urgently needed to effectively treat children with cancer therapy. Identification and detection of cancer biomarkers serve as non-invasive tools for early cancer screening, prevention, and treatment. Biosensors have emerged as a potential technology for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective biomarker detection and monitoring. In this review, we provide an overview of important biomarkers for several common childhood cancers. Accordingly, we have enumerated the developed biosensors for early detection of pediatric cancer or related biomarkers. This review offers a restructured platform for ongoing research in pediatric cancer diagnostics that can contribute to the development of rapid biosensing techniques for early-stage diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of children with cancer and reduce the mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Gharehzadehshirazi
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Mashaalah Zarejousheghani
- Freiberg Center for Water Research—ZeWaF, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Sedigheh Falahi
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Joseph
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
- Freiberg Center for Water Research—ZeWaF, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Parvaneh Rahimi
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Materials Technology, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
- Freiberg Center for Water Research—ZeWaF, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +49-3731-39-2644
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6
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Ivanov YD, Kapustina SI, Malsagova KA, Goldaeva KV, Pleshakova TO, Galiullin RA, Shumov ID, Kozlov AF, Glukhov AV, Grabezhova VK, Popov VP, Petrov OF, Ziborov VS, Kushlinskii NE, Alferov AA, Konev VA, Kovalev OB, Uchaikin VF, Archakov AI. "Silicon-On-Insulator"-Based Biosensor for the Detection of MicroRNA Markers of Ovarian Cancer. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:70. [PMID: 36677130 PMCID: PMC9861449 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a gynecological cancer characterized by a high mortality rate and tumor heterogeneity. Its early detection and primary prophylaxis are difficult to perform. Detecting biomarkers for ovarian cancer plays a pivotal role in therapy effectiveness and affects patients' survival. This study demonstrates the detection of microRNAs (miRNAs), which were reported to be associated with ovarian cancer tumorigenesis, with a nanowire biosensor based on silicon-on-insulator structures (SOI-NW biosensor). The advantages of the method proposed for miRNA detection using the SOI-NW biosensor are as follows: (1) no need for additional labeling or amplification reaction during sample preparation, and (2) real-time detection of target biomolecules. The detecting component of the biosensor is a chip with an array of 3 µm wide, 10 µm long silicon nanowires on its surface. The SOI-NW chip was fabricated using the "top-down" method, which is compatible with large-scale CMOS technology. Oligonucleotide probes (oDNA probes) carrying sequences complementary to the target miRNAs were covalently immobilized on the nanowire surface to ensure high-sensitivity biospecific sensing of the target biomolecules. The study involved two experimental series. Detection of model DNA oligonucleotides being synthetic analogs of the target miRNAs was carried out to assess the method's sensitivity. The lowest concentration of the target oligonucleotides detectable in buffer solution was 1.1 × 10-16 M. In the second experimental series, detection of miRNAs (miRNA-21, miRNA-141, and miRNA-200a) isolated from blood plasma samples collected from patients having a verified diagnosis of ovarian cancer was performed. The results of our present study represent a step towards the development of novel highly sensitive diagnostic systems for the early revelation of ovarian cancer in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri D. Ivanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana I. Kapustina
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Cybernetics of Chemical and Technological Processes, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia (MUCTR), 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Ivan D. Shumov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexander V. Glukhov
- JSC “Novosibirsk Plant of Semiconductor Devices with OKB”, 630082 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Victoria K. Grabezhova
- JSC “Design Center for Biomicroelectronic Technologies “Vega””, 630082 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir P. Popov
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg F. Petrov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim S. Ziborov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), 119121 Moscow, Russia
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexander A. Alferov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Konev
- Department of Infectious Diseases in Children, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg B. Kovalev
- Department of Infectious Diseases in Children, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasiliy F. Uchaikin
- Department of Infectious Diseases in Children, Faculty of Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), 117997 Moscow, Russia
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7
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Sarhadi VK, Armengol G. Molecular Biomarkers in Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1021. [PMID: 35892331 PMCID: PMC9331210 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular cancer biomarkers are any measurable molecular indicator of risk of cancer, occurrence of cancer, or patient outcome. They may include germline or somatic genetic variants, epigenetic signatures, transcriptional changes, and proteomic signatures. These indicators are based on biomolecules, such as nucleic acids and proteins, that can be detected in samples obtained from tissues through tumor biopsy or, more easily and non-invasively, from blood (or serum or plasma), saliva, buccal swabs, stool, urine, etc. Detection technologies have advanced tremendously over the last decades, including techniques such as next-generation sequencing, nanotechnology, or methods to study circulating tumor DNA/RNA or exosomes. Clinical applications of biomarkers are extensive. They can be used as tools for cancer risk assessment, screening and early detection of cancer, accurate diagnosis, patient prognosis, prediction of response to therapy, and cancer surveillance and monitoring response. Therefore, they can help to optimize making decisions in clinical practice. Moreover, precision oncology is needed for newly developed targeted therapies, as they are functional only in patients with specific cancer genetic mutations, and biomarkers are the tools used for the identification of these subsets of patients. Improvement in the field of cancer biomarkers is, however, needed to overcome the scientific challenge of developing new biomarkers with greater sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virinder Kaur Sarhadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Gemma Armengol
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology, and Ecology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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8
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Ivanov YD, Goldaeva KV, Malsagova KA, Pleshakova TO, Galiullin RA, Popov VP, Kushlinskii NE, Alferov AA, Enikeev DV, Potoldykova NV, Archakov AI. Nanoribbon Biosensor in the Detection of miRNAs Associated with Colorectal Cancer. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1581. [PMID: 34945431 PMCID: PMC8705149 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A nanoribbon biosensor (NRBS) was developed to register synthetic DNAs that simulate and are analogous to miRNA-17-3p associated with colorectal cancer. Using this nanoribbon biosensor, the ability to detect miRNA-17-3p in the blood plasma of a patient diagnosed with colorectal cancer has been demonstrated. The sensing element of the NRBS was a nanochip based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanostructure. The nanochip included an array of 10 nanoribbons and was designed with the implementation of top-down technology. For biospecific recognition of miRNA-17-3p, the nanochip was modified with DNA probes specific for miRNA-17-3p. The performance of the nanochip was preliminarily tested on model DNA oligonucleotides, which are synthetic analogues of miRNA-17-3p, and a detection limit of ~10-17 M was achieved. The results of this work can be used in the development of serological diagnostic systems for early detection of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri D. Ivanov
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.G.); (K.A.M.); (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Kristina V. Goldaeva
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.G.); (K.A.M.); (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Kristina A. Malsagova
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.G.); (K.A.M.); (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Tatyana O. Pleshakova
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.G.); (K.A.M.); (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Rafael A. Galiullin
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.G.); (K.A.M.); (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.I.A.)
| | - Vladimir P. Popov
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Nikolay E. Kushlinskii
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.E.K.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Alexander A. Alferov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.E.K.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Dmitry V. Enikeev
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.E.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Natalia V. Potoldykova
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.E.); (N.V.P.)
| | - Alexander I. Archakov
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.G.); (K.A.M.); (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.I.A.)
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9
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Tao M, Zheng M, Xu Y, Ma S, Zhang W, Ju S. CircRNAs and their regulatory roles in cancers. Mol Med 2021; 27:94. [PMID: 34445958 PMCID: PMC8393742 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00359-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), have a covalently closed circular structure resulting from pre-mRNA back splicing via spliceosome and ribozymes. They can be classified differently in accordance with different criteria. As circRNAs are abundant, conserved, and stable, they can be used as diagnostic markers in various diseases and targets to develop new therapies. There are various functions of circRNAs, including sponge for miR/proteins, role of scaffolds, templates for translation, and regulators of mRNA translation and stability. Without m7G cap and poly-A tail, circRNAs can still be degraded in several ways, including RNase L, Ago-dependent, and Ago-independent degradation. Increasing evidence indicates that circRNAs can be modified by N-6 methylation (m6A) in many aspects such as biogenesis, nuclear export, translation, and degradation. In addition, they have been proved to play a regulatory role in the progression of various cancers. Recently, methods of detecting circRNAs with high sensitivity and specificity have also been reported. This review presents a detailed overview of circRNAs regarding biogenesis, biomarker, functions, degradation, and dynamic modification as well as their regulatory roles in various cancers. It’s particularly summarized in detail in the biogenesis of circRNAs, regulation of circRNAs by m6A modification and mechanisms by which circRNAs affect tumor progression respectively. Moreover, existing circRNA detection methods and their characteristics are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China. .,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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