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P A A, Ragunathan L, Sanjeevi T, Sasi AC, Kanniyan K, Yadav R, Sambandam R. Breaking boundaries in microbiology: customizable nanoparticles transforming microbial detection. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13802-13819. [PMID: 38990141 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01680g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The detection and identification of microorganisms are crucial in microbiology laboratories. Traditionally, detecting and identifying microbes require extended periods of incubation, significant manual effort, skilled personnel, and advanced laboratory facilities. Recent progress in nanotechnology has provided novel opportunities for detecting and identifying bacteria, viruses, and microbial metabolites using customized nanoparticles. These improvements are thought to have the ability to surpass the constraints of existing procedures and make a substantial contribution to the development of rapid microbiological diagnosis. This review article examines the customizability of nanoparticles for detecting bacteria, viruses, and microbial metabolites and discusses recent cutting-edge studies demonstrating the use of nanotechnology in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboobacker P A
- Department of Microbiology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Kirumampakkam, Puducherry 607402, India.
| | - Latha Ragunathan
- Department of Microbiology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Kirumampakkam, Puducherry 607402, India.
| | - Thiyagarajan Sanjeevi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Kirumampakkam, Puducherry 607402, India
| | - Aravind C Sasi
- Department of Microbiology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Kirumampakkam, Puducherry 607402, India.
| | - Kavitha Kanniyan
- Department of Microbiology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Kirumampakkam, Puducherry 607402, India.
| | - Richa Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Kirumampakkam, Puducherry 607402, India.
| | - Ravikumar Sambandam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Kirumampakkam, Puducherry 607402, India
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Pusta A, Tertis M, Kezan D, Bogdan D, Suciu M, Pană O, Fizeșan I, Graur F, Cristea C, Al-Hajjar N. Label-free electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:413. [PMID: 38904692 PMCID: PMC11192815 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy and is characterized by increasing incidence and high mortality rates. Current methods for the screening and diagnosis of HCC exhibit inherent limitations, highlighting the ever-growing need for the development of new methods for the early diagnosis of HCC. The aim of this work was to develop a novel electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of HepG2 cells, a type of circulating tumor cells that can be used as biomarkers for the early detection of HCC. A carbon screen-printed electrode was functionalized with a composite suspension containing graphene oxide, chitosan, and polyaniline nanoparticles to increase the electrode surface and provide anchoring sites for the HepG2 cell-specific aptamer. The aptamer was immobilized on the surface of the functionalized electrode using multipulse amperometry, an innovative technique that significantly reduces the time required for aptamer immobilization. The innovative platform was successfully employed for the first time for the amplification-free detection of HepG2 cells in a linear range from 10 to 200,000 cells/mL, with a limit of detection of 10 cells/mL. The platform demonstrated high selectivity and stability and was successfully used for the detection of HepG2 cells in spiked human serum samples with excellent recoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Pusta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
- Department of Medical Devices, Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
| | - Mihaela Tertis
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania.
| | - Denisa Kezan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
| | - Diana Bogdan
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donath Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400293, Romania
| | - Maria Suciu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donath Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400293, Romania
- Electron Microscopy Centre "C. Craciun", Biology and Geology Faculty, Babes-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, 5- 7 Clinicilor Str., Romania, 400006 , Cluj-Napoca
| | - Ovidiu Pană
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donath Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400293, Romania
| | - Ionel Fizeșan
- Department of Toxicology, Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș, Cluj- Napoca, 400012, Romania
| | - Florin Graur
- Department of Surgery 3, Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor, Cluj- Napoca, 19-21, 400162, Romania
| | - Cecilia Cristea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania.
| | - Nadim Al-Hajjar
- Department of Surgery 3, Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor, Cluj- Napoca, 19-21, 400162, Romania
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Lapitan LD, Felisilda BMB, Tiangco CE, Rosin Jose A. Advances in Bioreceptor Layer Engineering in Nanomaterial-based Sensing of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and its Metabolites. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400090. [PMID: 38781439 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogen that infects wounds and burns and causes severe infections in immunocompromised humans. The high virulence, the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains, and the easy transmissibility of P. aeruginosa necessitate its fast detection and control. The gold standard for detecting P. aeruginosa, the plate culture method, though reliable, takes several days to complete. Therefore, developing accurate, rapid, and easy-to-use diagnostic tools for P. aeruginosa is highly desirable. Nanomaterial-based biosensors are at the forefront of detecting P. aeruginosa and its secondary metabolites. This review summarises the biorecognition elements, biomarkers, immobilisation strategies, and current state-of-the-art biosensors for P. aeruginosa. The review highlights the underlying principles of bioreceptor layer engineering and the design of optical, electrochemical, mass-based, and thermal biosensors based on nanomaterials. The advantages and disadvantages of these biosensors and their future point-of-care applications are also discussed. This review outlines significant advancements in biosensors and sensors for detecting P. aeruginosa and its metabolites. Research efforts have identified biorecognition elements specific and selective towards P. aeruginosa. The stability, ease of preparation, cost-effectiveness, and integration of these biorecognition elements onto transducers are pivotal for their application in biosensors and sensors. At the same time, when developing sensors for clinically significant analytes such as P. aeruginosa, virulence factors need to be addressed, such as the sensor's sensitivity, reliability, and response time in samples obtained from patients. The point-of-care applicability of the developed sensor may be an added advantage since it enables onsite determination. In this context, optical methods developed for P. aeruginosa offer promising potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorico Ds Lapitan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Boulevard, Manila, Philippines, Center for Advanced Materials and Technologies-CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-822, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bren Mark B Felisilda
- Department of Electrode Processes, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland, Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan, Corrales Street, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines
| | - Cristina E Tiangco
- Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences and, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Santo Tomas, España Boulevard, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ammu Rosin Jose
- Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College (Autonomous), Pandit Karuppan Rd, Thevara, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
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Wang S, Ju P, Liu W, Chi J, Jiang T, Chi Z, Wang S, Qiu R, Sun C. A novel photoelectrochemical self-screening aptamer biosensor based on CAU-17-derived Bi 2WO 6/Bi 2S 3 for rapid detection of quorum sensing signal molecules. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1304:342558. [PMID: 38637055 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing signal molecule is an important biomarker released by some microorganisms, which can regulate the adhesion and aggregation of marine microorganisms on the surface of engineering facilities. Thus, it is significant to exploit a convenient method that can effectively monitor the formation and development of marine biofouling. In this work, an advanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptamer biosensing platform was established and firstly applied for the rapid and ultrasensitive determination of N-(3-Oxodecanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3-O-C10-HL) released from marine fouling microorganism Ponticoccus sp. PD-2. The visible-light-driven Bi2WO6/Bi2S3 heterojunction derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) CAU-17 and self-screened aptamer were employed as the photoactive materials and bioidentification elements, respectively. Appropriate amount of MoS2 quantum dots (QDs) conjugated with single-stranded DNA were introduced by hybridization to enhance the photocurrent response of the PEC biosensor. The self-screening aptamer can specifically recognize 3-O-C10-HL, accompanied by increasing the steric hindrance and forcing MoS2 QDs to leave the electrode surface, resulting in an obvious reduction of photocurrent and achieving a dual-inhibition signal amplification effect. Under the optimized conditions, the photocurrent response of PEC aptasensor was linear with 3-O-C10-HL concentration from 1 nM to 10 μM, and the detection limit was as low as 0.26 nM. The detection strategy also showed a high reproducibility, superior specificity and good stability. This work not only provides a simple, rapid and ultrasensitive PEC aptamer biosensing strategy for monitoring quorum sensing signal molecules in marine biofouling, but also broadens the application of MOFs-based heterojunctions in PEC sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Wang
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061, PR China
| | - Peng Ju
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061, PR China
| | - Weixing Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Jingtian Chi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, No. 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, PR China
| | - Tiantong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061, PR China
| | - Zhe Chi
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061, PR China.
| | - Ri Qiu
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, PR China.
| | - Chengjun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061, PR China.
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Hu C, He G, Yang Y, Wang N, Zhang Y, Su Y, Zhao F, Wu J, Wang L, Lin Y, Shao L. Nanomaterials Regulate Bacterial Quorum Sensing: Applications, Mechanisms, and Optimization Strategies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306070. [PMID: 38350718 PMCID: PMC11022734 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Anti-virulence therapy that interferes with bacterial communication, known as "quorum sensing (QS)", is a promising strategy for circumventing bacterial resistance. Using nanomaterials to regulate bacterial QS in anti-virulence therapy has attracted much attention, which is mainly attributed to unique physicochemical properties and excellent designability of nanomaterials. However, bacterial QS is a dynamic and multistep process, and there are significant differences in the specific regulatory mechanisms and related influencing factors of nanomaterials in different steps of the QS process. An in-depth understanding of the specific regulatory mechanisms and related influencing factors of nanomaterials in each step can significantly optimize QS regulatory activity and enhance the development of novel nanomaterials with better comprehensive performance. Therefore, this review focuses on the mechanisms by which nanomaterials regulate bacterial QS in the signal supply (including signal synthesis, secretion, and accumulation) and signal transduction cascade (including signal perception and response) processes. Moreover, based on the two key influencing factors (i.e., the nanomaterial itself and the environment), optimization strategies to enhance the QS regulatory activity are comprehensively summarized. Collectively, applying nanomaterials to regulate bacterial QS is a promising strategy for anti-virulence therapy. This review provides reference and inspiration for further research on the anti-virulence application of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Guixin He
- Stomatological Hospital, School of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Yujun Yang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Ning Wang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Yuan Su
- Stomatological Hospital, School of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
- Stomatology CenterShunde HospitalSouthern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde)Foshan528399China
| | - Fujian Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Hainan General Hospital·Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan medical UniversityHaikou570311China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- Shenzhen Luohu People's HospitalShenzhen518000China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of StomatologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
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Malachy Udowo V, Unimuke TO, Louis H, Udoh II, Edet HO, Okafor PC. Enhanced sensing of bacteria biomarkers by ZnO and graphene oxide decorated PEDOT film. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38499994 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2328740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Developing a biofilm biomarker detector and inhibitor will immensely benefit efforts geared at curbing infectious diseases and microbiologically induced corrosion of medical implants, marine vessels and buried steel pipelines. N-Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are important biomarkers gram-negative bacteria use for communication. In this work, we investigated the interactions between three AHL molecules and graphene oxide (GO) and ZnO nanomaterials embedded in conjugated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film. The results show that PEDOT/GO/ZnO detected AHLs to a considerable extent with adsorption enthalpies of -4.02, -4.87 and -4.97 KJ/mol, respectively, for N-(2-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)heptanamide (AHL1), 2-hydroxy-N-(2-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)nonanamide (AHL2) and (E)-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(2-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)acrylamide (AHL3) molecules. The ZnO nanoparticles facilitated charge redistribution and transfer, thereby enhancing the conductivity and overall sensitivity of the substrate toward the AHLs. The adsorption distance and sites of interactions further tuned the charge migration and signal generation by the substrate, thus affirming the suitability of the modeled thin film as a sensor material. Excellent stability and conductivity were maintained before and after the adsorption of each AHL molecule. Moreover, the desorption time for each AHL molecule was calculated, and the result affirmed that the modeled film materials are promising for developing highly sensitive biosensors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Malachy Udowo
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tomsmith O Unimuke
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Hitler Louis
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy or Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Inime Ime Udoh
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Henry O Edet
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Peter C Okafor
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
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Ye C, Wang M, Min J, Tay RY, Lukas H, Sempionatto JR, Li J, Xu C, Gao W. A wearable aptamer nanobiosensor for non-invasive female hormone monitoring. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:330-337. [PMID: 37770648 PMCID: PMC10954395 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Personalized monitoring of female hormones (for example, oestradiol) is of great interest in fertility and women's health. However, existing approaches usually require invasive blood draws and/or bulky analytical laboratory equipment, making them hard to implement at home. Here we report a skin-interfaced wearable aptamer nanobiosensor based on target-induced strand displacement for automatic and non-invasive monitoring of oestradiol via in situ sweat analysis. The reagentless, amplification-free and 'signal-on' detection approach coupled with a gold nanoparticle-MXene-based detection electrode offers extraordinary sensitivity with an ultra-low limit of detection of 0.14 pM. This fully integrated system is capable of autonomous sweat induction at rest via iontophoresis, precise microfluidic sweat sampling controlled via capillary bursting valves, real-time oestradiol analysis and calibration with simultaneously collected multivariate information (that is, temperature, pH and ionic strength), as well as signal processing and wireless communication with a user interface (for example, smartphone). We validated the technology in human participants. Our data indicate a cyclical fluctuation in sweat oestradiol during menstrual cycles, and a high correlation between sweat and blood oestradiol was identified. Our study opens up the potential for wearable sensors for non-invasive, personalized reproductive hormone monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Ye
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Minqiang Wang
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jihong Min
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Roland Yingjie Tay
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Heather Lukas
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Juliane R Sempionatto
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jiahong Li
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Changhao Xu
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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Nazari-Vanani R, Negahdary M. Recent advances in electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors for the detection of pathogens. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117850. [PMID: 38081349 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, pathogenic microorganisms have caused significant mortality rates and antibiotic resistance and triggered exorbitant healthcare costs. These pathogens often have high transmission rates within human populations. Rapid diagnosis is crucial in controlling and reducing the spread of pathogenic infections. The diagnostic methods currently used against individuals infected with these pathogens include relying on outward symptoms, immunological-based and, some biomolecular ones, which mainly have limitations such as diagnostic errors, time-consuming processes, and high-cost platforms. Electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors have emerged as promising diagnostic tools for rapid, accurate, and cost-effective pathogen detection. These bio-electrochemical platforms have been optimized for diagnostic purposes by incorporating advanced materials (mainly nanomaterials), biomolecular technologies, and innovative designs. This review classifies electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors developed between 2021 and 2023 based on their use of different nanomaterials, such as gold-based, carbon-based, and others that employed other innovative assemblies without the use of nanomaterials. Inspecting the diagnostic features of various sensing platforms against pathogenic analytes can identify research gaps and open new avenues for exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Nazari-Vanani
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
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Rahn KL, Peramune U, Zhang T, Anand RK. Label-Free Electrochemical Methods for Disease Detection. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2023; 16:49-69. [PMID: 36854209 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091622-085754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Label-free electrochemical biosensing leverages the advantages of label-free techniques, low cost, and fewer user steps, with the sensitivity and portability of electrochemical analysis. In this review, we identify four label-free electrochemical biosensing mechanisms: (a) blocking the electrode surface, (b) allowing greater access to the electrode surface, (c) changing the intercalation or electrostatic affinity of a redox probe to a biorecognition unit, and (d) modulating ion or electron transport properties due to conformational and surface charge changes. Each mechanism is described, recent advancements are summarized, and relative advantages and disadvantages of the techniques are discussed. Furthermore, two avenues for gaining further diagnostic information from label-free electrochemical biosensors, through multiplex analysis and incorporating machine learning, are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira L Rahn
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA;
| | - Umesha Peramune
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA;
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA;
| | - Robbyn K Anand
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA;
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Thulasinathan B, D S, Murugan S, Panda SK, Veerapandian M, Manickam P. DNA-functionalized carbon quantum dots for electrochemical detection of pyocyanin: A quorum sensing molecule in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 227:115156. [PMID: 36842368 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical biosensing strategy for pyocyanin (PYO), a virulent quorum-sensing molecule responsible for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, was developed by mimicking its extracellular DNA interaction. Calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) functionalized amine-containing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were used as a biomimetic receptor for electrochemical sensing of PYO as low as 37 nM in real urine sample. The ct-DNA-based biosensor enabled the selective measurement of PYO in the presence of other interfering species. Calibration and validation of the PYO sensor platform were demonstrated in buffer solution (0-100 μM), microbial culture media (0-100 μM), artificial urine (0-400 μM), and real urine sample (0-250 μM). The sensor capability was successfully implemented for point-of-care (POC) detection of PYO release from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains during lag and stationary phases. Cross-reactivity of the sensing platform was also tested in other bacterial species such as Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Potential clinical implementation of the ct-DNA-based sensor was manifested in detecting the PYO in P. aeruginosa cultured baby diaper and sanitary napkin. Our results highlight that the newly developed ct-DNA-based sensing platform can be used as a potential candidate for real-time POC diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boobalan Thulasinathan
- Electrodics & Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Sujatha D
- Electroplating and Metal Finishing Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Sethupathi Murugan
- Electroplating and Metal Finishing Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Subhendu K Panda
- Electroplating and Metal Finishing Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Murugan Veerapandian
- Electrodics & Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Pandiaraj Manickam
- Electrodics & Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, 630003, India.
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Highly Sensitive Detection of PQS Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Using Screen-Printed Electrodes Modified with Nanomaterials. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080638. [PMID: 36005034 PMCID: PMC9406015 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The rapid diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is very important because this bacterium is one of the main sources of healthcare-associated infections. Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) is a specific molecule for quorum sensing (QS) in P. aeruginosa, a form of cell-to-cell bacterial communication and its levels can allow the determination of the bacterial population. In this study, the development of the first electrochemical detection of PQS using screen-printed electrodes modified with carbon nanotubes (CNT-SPE) is reported. The electrochemical fingerprint of PQS was determined using different electrode materials and screen-printed electrodes modified with different nanomaterials. The optimization of the method in terms of electrolyte, pH, and electrochemical technique was achieved. The quantification of PQS was performed using one of the anodic peaks in the electrochemical fingerprint of the PQS on the CNT-SPE. The sensor exhibited a linear range from 0.1 to 15 µM, with a limit of detection of 50 nM. The sensor allowed the selective detection of PQS, with low interference from other QS molecules. The sensor was successfully applied to analysis of real samples (spiked urine and human serum samples, spiked microbiological growth media, and microbiological cultures).
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