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Choo YJ, Lee GW, Moon JS, Chang MC. Application of non-contact sensors for health monitoring in hospitals: a narrative review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1421901. [PMID: 38933102 PMCID: PMC11199382 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1421901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The continuous monitoring of the health status of patients is essential for the effective monitoring of disease progression and the management of symptoms. Recently, health monitoring using non-contact sensors has gained interest. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the use of non-contact sensors for health monitoring in hospital settings and evaluate their potential clinical applications. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed to identify relevant studies published up to February 26, 2024. The search terms included "hospital," "monitoring," "sensor," and "non-contact." Studies that used non-contact sensors to monitor health status in hospital settings were included in this review. Of the 38 search results, five studies met the inclusion criteria. The non-contact sensors described in the studies were radar, infrared, and microwave sensors. These non-contact sensors were used to obtain vital signs, such as respiratory rate, heart rate, and body temperature, and were then compared with the results from conventional measurement methods (polysomnography, nursing records, and electrocardiography). In all the included studies, non-contact sensors demonstrated a performance similar to that of conventional health-related parameter measurement methods. Non-contact sensors are expected to be a promising solution for health monitoring in hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Jin Choo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sung Moon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Cheol Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Calixto S, Malacara-Hernandez Z, Garnica G, Chavez-Serrano I. Artery Pulse Waveform Acquired with a Fabry-Perot Interferometer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2855. [PMID: 38732959 PMCID: PMC11086211 DOI: 10.3390/s24092855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
For most patients admitted to a hospital, it is a requirement to continuously monitor their vital signs. Among these are the waveforms from ECG and the pulmonary arterial pulse. At present, there are several electronic devices that can measure the arterial pulse waveform. However, they can be affected by electromagnetic wave radiation, and the fabrication of electronic sensors is complicated and contributes to the e-waste, among other problems. In this paper, we propose an optical method to measure arterial pulse based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer composed of two mirrors. A pulse sensor formed by an acrylic cell with a thin membrane is used to gather the vasodilatation of the wrist, forming an air pulse that is enacted by means of a tube to a metallic cell containing a mirror that is glued to a thin silicone membrane. When the air pulse arrives, a displacement of the mirror takes place and produces a shift of the interference pattern fringes given by the Fabry-Perot. A detector samples the fringe intensity. With this method, an arterial pulse waveform is obtained. We characterize this optical device as a test of concept, and its application to measuring artery pulse is presented. The optical device is compared to other electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Calixto
- Centro de Investigaciones en Optica, Loma del Bosque 115, León 37150, Mexico; (Z.M.-H.); (G.G.); (I.C.-S.)
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Gupta N, Kasula V, Sanmugananthan P, Panico N, Dubin AH, Sykes DAW, D'Amico RS. SmartWear body sensors for neurological and neurosurgical patients: A review of current and future technologies. World Neurosurg X 2024; 21:100247. [PMID: 38033718 PMCID: PMC10682285 DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2023.100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/objective Recent technological advances have allowed for the development of smart wearable devices (SmartWear) which can be used to monitor various aspects of patient healthcare. These devices provide clinicians with continuous biometric data collection for patients in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Although these devices have been widely used in fields such as cardiology and orthopedics, their use in the field of neurosurgery and neurology remains in its infancy. Methods A comprehensive literature search for the current and future applications of SmartWear devices in the above conditions was conducted, focusing on outpatient monitoring. Findings Through the integration of sensors which measure parameters such as physical activity, hemodynamic variables, and electrical conductivity - these devices have been applied to patient populations such as those at risk for stroke, suffering from epilepsy, with neurodegenerative disease, with spinal cord injury and/or recovering from neurosurgical procedures. Further, these devices are being tested in various clinical trials and there is a demonstrated interest in the development of new technologies. Conclusion This review provides an in-depth evaluation of the use of SmartWear in selected neurological diseases and neurosurgical applications. It is clear that these devices have demonstrated efficacy in a variety of neurological and neurosurgical applications, however challenges such as data privacy and management must be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithin Gupta
- Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC, USA
| | - Varun Kasula
- Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Aimee H. Dubin
- Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC, USA
| | - David AW. Sykes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Randy S. D'Amico
- Lenox Hill Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, New York, NY, USA
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Yang M, Sun N, Lai X, Zhao X, Zhou W. Advances in Non-Electrochemical Sensing of Human Sweat Biomarkers: From Sweat Sampling to Signal Reading. BIOSENSORS 2023; 14:17. [PMID: 38248394 PMCID: PMC10813192 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Sweat, commonly referred to as the ultrafiltrate of blood plasma, is an essential physiological fluid in the human body. It contains a wide range of metabolites, electrolytes, and other biologically significant markers that are closely linked to human health. Compared to other bodily fluids, such as blood, sweat offers distinct advantages in terms of ease of collection and non-invasive detection. In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on wearable sweat sensors due to their potential for continuous monitoring of biomarkers. Electrochemical methods have been extensively used for in situ sweat biomarker analysis, as thoroughly reviewed by various researchers. This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of recent advances in non-electrochemical methods for analyzing sweat, including colorimetric methods, fluorescence techniques, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and more. The review covers multiple aspects of non-electrochemical sweat analysis, encompassing sweat sampling methodologies, detection techniques, signal processing, and diverse applications. Furthermore, it highlights the current bottlenecks and challenges faced by non-electrochemical sensors, such as limitations and interference issues. Finally, the review concludes by offering insights into the prospects for non-electrochemical sensing technologies. By providing a valuable reference and inspiring researchers engaged in the field of sweat sensor development, this paper aspires to foster the creation of innovative and practical advancements in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingpeng Yang
- School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China (X.Z.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Nan Sun
- School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaochen Lai
- School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China (X.Z.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Xingqiang Zhao
- School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China (X.Z.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Wangping Zhou
- School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China (X.Z.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China
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Sharma K, Sharma M. Optical biosensors for environmental monitoring: Recent advances and future perspectives in bacterial detection. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116826. [PMID: 37543133 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The environmental contamination due to bacterial proliferation vs their identification is the major deciding factor in the spread of diseases leading to pandemics. The advent of drug-resistant pathogenic contaminants in our environment has further added to the load of complications associated with their diagnosis and treatment. Obstructing the spread of such infections, prioritizes the expansion of sensor-based diagnostics, effectuating, a sturdy detection of disease-causing microbes, contaminating our surroundings in shortest possible time, with minimal expenditure. Among many sensors known, optical biosensors promote the recognition of pathogens befouling the environment through a comparatively intuitive, brisk, portable, multitudinous, and thrifty approach. This article reviews the recent progresses in optical biosensor-based systems for effective environmental monitoring. The technical and methodological perspectives of fundamental optical-sensing platforms are reviewed, combined with the pros and cons of every procedure. Eventually, the obstacles lying in the path of development of an effective optical biosensor device for bio-monitoring and its future perspectives are highlighted in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Sharma
- Molecular Genetics of Aging, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi (DU), India.
| | - Meenakshi Sharma
- Molecular Genetics of Aging, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi (DU), India.
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Lyu X, Hu Y, Shi S, Wang S, Li H, Wang Y, Zhou K. Hydrogel Bioelectronics for Health Monitoring. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:815. [PMID: 37622901 PMCID: PMC10452556 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are considered an ideal platform for personalized healthcare due to their unique characteristics, such as their outstanding softness, appealing biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties, etc. Owing to the high similarity between hydrogels and biological tissues, hydrogels have emerged as a promising material candidate for next generation bioelectronic interfaces. In this review, we discuss (i) the introduction of hydrogel and its traditional applications, (ii) the work principles of hydrogel in bioelectronics, (iii) the recent advances in hydrogel bioelectronics for health monitoring, and (iv) the outlook for future hydrogel bioelectronics' development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Lyu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (X.L.); (S.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Yan Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (Y.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Shuai Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (Y.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Siyuan Wang
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (X.L.); (S.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Haowen Li
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (X.L.); (S.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Yuheng Wang
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Kun Zhou
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China; (X.L.); (S.W.); (H.L.)
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (Y.H.); (S.S.)
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Tsarev A. Design of the Bimodal Grating Sensor with a Built-In Mode Demultiplexer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23094327. [PMID: 37177530 PMCID: PMC10181697 DOI: 10.3390/s23094327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This new sensor design provides good volume sensitivity (around 1600 nm/RIU) via collinear diffraction by the asymmetric grating placed in the waveguide vicinity. It provides the mode transformation between the fundamental TE0 and the first TE1 modes of the silicon wire (0.22 μm by a 0.580 μm cross-section) in the water environment. In order to provide the wavelength interrogation with a better extinction ratio for the measuring signal, the grating design is incorporated with the mode filter/demultiplexer. It selects, by the compact directional coupler (maximum 4 μm wide and 14 μm long), only the first guided mode (close to the cutoff) and transmits it with small excess loss (about -0.5 dB) to the fundamental TE0 mode of the neighboring single mode silicon wire, having variable curvature and width ranging from 0.26 μm to 0.45 μm. At the same time, the parasitic crosstalk of the input TE0 mode is below -42 dB, and that provides the option of simple and accurate wavelength sensor interrogation. The environment index is measured by the spectral peak position of the transmitted TE0 mode power in the output single mode silicon wire waveguide of the directional coupler. This type of optical sensor is of high sensitivity (iLOD~ 2.1 × 10-4 RIU for taking into account the water absorption at 1550 nm) and could be manufactured by modern technology and a single-step etching process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Tsarev
- Laboratory of Optical Materials and Structures, Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Physics Department, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Marques C, Leal-Júnior A, Kumar S. Multifunctional Integration of Optical Fibers and Nanomaterials for Aircraft Systems. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16041433. [PMID: 36837063 PMCID: PMC9967808 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Smart sensing for aeronautical applications is a multidisciplinary process that involves the development of various sensor elements and advancements in the nanomaterials field. The expansion of research has fueled the development of commercial and military aircrafts in the aeronautical field. Optical technology is one of the supporting pillars for this, as well as the fact that the unique high-tech qualities of aircrafts align with sustainability criteria. In this study, a multidisciplinary investigation of airplane monitoring systems employing optical technologies based on optical fiber and nanomaterials that are incorporated into essential systems is presented. This manuscript reports the multifunctional integration of optical fibers and nanomaterials for aircraft sector discussing topics, such as airframe monitoring, flight environment sensing (from temperature and humidity to pressure sensing), sensors for navigation (such as gyroscopes and displacement or position sensors), pilot vital health monitoring, and novel nanomaterials for aerospace applications. The primary objective of this review is to provide researchers with direction and motivation to design and fabricate the future of the aeronautical industry, based on the actual state of the art of such vital technology, thereby aiding their future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Marques
- i3N & Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Arnaldo Leal-Júnior
- Mechanical Department and Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
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