1
|
Genzardi D, Núñez Carmona E, Poeta E, Gai F, Caruso I, Fiorilla E, Schiavone A, Sberveglieri V. Unraveling the Chicken Meat Volatilome with Nanostructured Sensors: Impact of Live and Dehydrated Insect Larvae Feeding. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4921. [PMID: 39123968 PMCID: PMC11314963 DOI: 10.3390/s24154921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Incorporating insect meals into poultry diets has emerged as a sustainable alternative to conventional feed sources, offering nutritional, welfare benefits, and environmental advantages. This study aims to monitor and compare volatile compounds emitted from raw poultry carcasses and subsequently from cooked chicken pieces from animals fed with different diets, including the utilization of insect-based feed ingredients. Alongside the use of traditional analytical techniques, like solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS), to explore the changes in VOC emissions, we investigate the potential of S3+ technology. This small device, which uses an array of six metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors (MOXs), can differentiate poultry products based on their volatile profiles. By testing MOX sensors in this context, we can develop a portable, cheap, rapid, non-invasive, and non-destructive method for assessing food quality and safety. Indeed, understanding changes in volatile compounds is crucial to assessing control measures in poultry production along the entire supply chain, from the field to the fork. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was applied using MOX sensor readings as predictor variables and different gas classes as target variables, successfully discriminating the various samples based on their total volatile profiles. By optimizing feed composition and monitoring volatile compounds, poultry producers can enhance both the sustainability and safety of poultry production systems, contributing to a more efficient and environmentally friendly poultry industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Genzardi
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), National Research Council, Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.G.); (I.C.); (V.S.)
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Pietro Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Estefanía Núñez Carmona
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), National Research Council, Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.G.); (I.C.); (V.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Poeta
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Gai
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (CNR-ISPA), National Research Council Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (F.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Immacolata Caruso
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), National Research Council, Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.G.); (I.C.); (V.S.)
| | - Edoardo Fiorilla
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy;
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (CNR-ISPA), National Research Council Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (F.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Veronica Sberveglieri
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), National Research Council, Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (D.G.); (I.C.); (V.S.)
- Nano Sensor System srl (NASYS), Via Alfonso Catalani 9, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Poeta E, Liboà A, Mistrali S, Núñez-Carmona E, Sberveglieri V. Nanotechnology and E-Sensing for Food Chain Quality and Safety. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8429. [PMID: 37896524 PMCID: PMC10610592 DOI: 10.3390/s23208429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, it is well known that sensors have an enormous impact on our life, using streams of data to make life-changing decisions. Every single aspect of our day is monitored via thousands of sensors, and the benefits we can obtain are enormous. With the increasing demand for food quality, food safety has become one of the main focuses of our society. However, fresh foods are subject to spoilage due to the action of microorganisms, enzymes, and oxidation during storage. Nanotechnology can be applied in the food industry to support packaged products and extend their shelf life. Chemical composition and sensory attributes are quality markers which require innovative assessment methods, as existing ones are rather difficult to implement, labour-intensive, and expensive. E-sensing devices, such as vision systems, electronic noses, and electronic tongues, overcome many of these drawbacks. Nanotechnology holds great promise to provide benefits not just within food products but also around food products. In fact, nanotechnology introduces new chances for innovation in the food industry at immense speed. This review describes the food application fields of nanotechnologies; in particular, metal oxide sensors (MOS) will be presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Poeta
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124 Reggio Emilia, RE, Italy
| | - Aris Liboà
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/a, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy;
| | - Simone Mistrali
- Nano Sensor System srl (NASYS), Via Alfonso Catalani, 9, 42124 Reggio Emilia, RE, Italy;
| | - Estefanía Núñez-Carmona
- National Research Council, Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124 Reggio Emilia, RE, Italy;
| | - Veronica Sberveglieri
- Nano Sensor System srl (NASYS), Via Alfonso Catalani, 9, 42124 Reggio Emilia, RE, Italy;
- National Research Council, Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124 Reggio Emilia, RE, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wätjen AP, De Vero L, Carmona EN, Sberveglieri V, Huang W, Turner MS, Bang-Berthelsen CH. Leuconostoc performance in soy-based fermentations - Survival, acidification, sugar metabolism, and flavor comparisons. Food Microbiol 2023; 115:104337. [PMID: 37567639 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Leuconostoc spp. is often regarded as the flavor producer, responsible for the production of acetoin and diacetyl in dairy cheese. In this study, we investigate seven plant-derived Leuconostoc strains, covering four species, in their potential as a lyophilized starter culture for flavor production in fermented soy-based cheese alternatives. We show that the process of lyophilization of Leuconostoc can be feasible using a soy-based lyoprotectant, with survivability up to 63% during long term storage. Furthermore, the storage in this media improves the subsequent growth in a soy-based substrate in a strain specific manner. The utilization of individual raffinose family oligosaccharides was strain dependent, with Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides NFICC99 being the best consumer. Furthermore, we show that all investigated strains were able to produce a range of volatile flavor compounds found in dairy cheese products, as well as remove certain dairy off-flavors from the soy-based substrate like hexanal and 2-pentylfuran. Also here, NFICC99 was strain producing most cheese-related volatile flavor compounds, followed by Leuconostoc mesenteroides NFICC319. These findings provide initial insights into the development of Leuconostoc as a potential starter culture for plant-based dairy alternatives, as well as a promising approach for generation of stable, lyophilized cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Peter Wätjen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Luciana De Vero
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Estefania Núñez Carmona
- National Research Council, Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Veronica Sberveglieri
- National Research Council, Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via J.F. Kennedy, 17/i, 42124, Reggio Emilia, Italy; Nano Sensor Systems, NASYS Spin-Off University of Brescia, 25125, Brescia, Italy
| | - Wenkang Huang
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark S Turner
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mariotti R, Núñez-Carmona E, Genzardi D, Pandolfi S, Sberveglieri V, Mousavi S. Volatile Olfactory Profiles of Umbrian Extra Virgin Olive Oils and Their Discrimination through MOX Chemical Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:7164. [PMID: 36236259 PMCID: PMC9572317 DOI: 10.3390/s22197164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is the best vegetable oil worldwide but, at the same time, is one of the product victims of fraud in the agri-food sector, and the differences about quality within the extra-virgin olive oil category are often missed. Several scientific techniques were applied in order to guarantee the authenticity and quality of this EVOO. In the present study, the volatile compounds (VOCs) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with solid-phase micro-extraction detection (GC-MS SPME), organoleptic analysis by the official Slow Food panel and the detection by a Small Sensor System (S3) were applied. Ten EVOOs from Umbria, a central Italian region, were selected from the 2021 Slow Food Italian extra virgin olive oil official guide, which includes hundreds of high-quality olive oils. The results demonstrated the possibility to discriminate the ten EVOOs, even if they belong to the same Italian region, by all three techniques. The result of GC-MS SPME detection was comparable at the discrimination level to the organoleptic test with few exceptions, while the S3 was able to better separate some EVOOs, which were not discriminated perfectly by the other two methods. The correlation analysis performed among and between the three methodologies allowed us to identify 388 strong associations with a p value less than 0.05. This study has highlighted how much the mix of VOCs was different even among few and localized EVOOs. The correlation with the sensor detection, which is faster and chipper compared to the other two techniques, elucidated the similarities and discrepancies between the applied methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mariotti
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Estefanía Núñez-Carmona
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, URT-Reggio Emilia, Via J. F. Kennedy 17/I, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Dario Genzardi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, URT-Reggio Emilia, Via J. F. Kennedy 17/I, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Saverio Pandolfi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Veronica Sberveglieri
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, URT-Reggio Emilia, Via J. F. Kennedy 17/I, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Soraya Mousavi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, 06128 Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Inoue S, Fukada K, Hayashi K, Seyama M. Data Processing of SPR Curve Data to Maximize the Extraction of Changes in Electrochemical SPR Measurements. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080615. [PMID: 36005010 PMCID: PMC9406148 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We developed a novel measuring and data-processing method for performing electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (EC-SPR) on sensor surfaces for which detecting a specific SPR angle is difficult, such as a polymer having a non-uniform thickness with coloration. SPR measurements are used in medicine and basic research as an analytical method capable of molecular detection without labeling. However, SPR is not good for detecting small molecules with small refractive index changes. The proposed EC-SPR, which combines SPR measurements with an electrochemical reaction, makes it possible to measure small molecules without increasing the number of measurement steps. A drawback of EC-SPR is that it is difficult to detect a specific SPR angle on electron mediators, and it was found that it may not be possible to capture all the features produced. The novel method we describe here is different from the conventional one in which a specific SPR angle is obtained from an SPR curve; rather, it processes the SPR curve itself and can efficiently aggregate the feature displacements in the SPR curves that are dispersed through multiple angles. As an application, we used our method to detect small concentrations of H2O2 (LOD 0.7 μM) and glutamate (LOD 5 μM).
Collapse
|
6
|
Hankel J, Gibson T, Skov J, Andersen KB, Dargatz M, Kappel A, Thiemann F, Curtis B, Chuppava B, Visscher C. Monitoring of Campylobacter jejuni in a chicken infection model by measuring specific volatile organic compounds and by qPCR. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11725. [PMID: 35821260 PMCID: PMC9276820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is one of the leading bacterial foodborne pathogens worldwide. Poultry is the host species with this pathogen with the highest clinical impact. Flocks become colonised with Campylobacter, which leads to contamination of product entering the food-chain. Rapid and reliable Campylobacter detection methods could support controls to minimize the risks of contamination within the food-chain, which would easier enable the implementation of a logistical slaughter schedule or other control options. The present study evaluates current and emerging C. jejuni detection technologies on air samples in a unique study set-up of pre-defined C. jejuni prevalences. Both non-invasive detection technologies on air samples by subsequent measuring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or by qPCR detected the C. jejuni presence and could additionally distinguish between the number of present C. jejuni-positive birds in the study set-up. Nevertheless, electrostatic air samplers diagnosed fewer birds as C. jejuni-positive compared to the cultivation-based method. By measuring the VOCs, it was possible to detect the presence of two positive birds in the room. This apparent high sensitivity still needs to be verified in field studies. Techniques, such as these promising methods, that can facilitate C. jejuni surveillance in poultry flocks are desirable to reduce the risk of infection for humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hankel
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173, Hannover, Germany
| | - Timothy Gibson
- RoboScientific Ltd, Espace North, 181 Wisbech Road, Littleport, CB6 1RA, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Julia Skov
- AeroCollect A/S, Park Alle 345, 2605, Brøndby, Denmark
| | | | - Michelle Dargatz
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Nutrition & Care, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - Andreas Kappel
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Nutrition & Care, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - Frank Thiemann
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Nutrition & Care, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - Ben Curtis
- RoboScientific Ltd, Espace North, 181 Wisbech Road, Littleport, CB6 1RA, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Bussarakam Chuppava
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Christian Visscher
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Coffee capsules have become one of the most used methods to have a coffee in the last few years. In this work, coffee was prepared using a professional espresso coffee machine. We investigated the volatilome of four different polypropylene coffee capsule typologies (Biologico, Dolce, Deciso, Guatemala) with and without capsules in order to reveal the possible differences in the VOCs spectra. The volatilome of each one was singularly studied through an analysis by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS), checking the abundance of different VOCs in coffee extracted with and without a capsule protection and compared to its related sample. Furthermore, ANOVA and Tukey tests were applied to statistically identify and individuate the possible differences. As a result, it was found that coffee capsules, offer advantages of protecting coffee from oxidation or rancidity and, consequently extended shelf life as well as did not cause a reduction of volatile compounds intensity. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the aroma of polypropylene coffee capsule extraction is not damaged compared to a traditional espresso.
Collapse
|
8
|
Milton AAP, Momin KM, Priya GB, Das S, Angappan M, Sen A, Sinha D, Ghatak S. Novel saltatory rolling circle amplification assay for rapid and visual detection of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken meat. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
9
|
Internet of Food (IoF), Tailor-Made Metal Oxide Gas Sensors to Support Tea Supply Chain. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21134266. [PMID: 34206361 PMCID: PMC8272160 DOI: 10.3390/s21134266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tea is the second most consumed beverage, and its aroma, determined by volatile compounds (VOCs) present in leaves or developed during the processing stages, has a great influence on the final quality. The goal of this study is to determine the volatilome of different types of tea to provide a competitive tool in terms of time and costs to recognize and enhance the quality of the product in the food chain. Analyzed samples are representative of the three major types of tea: black, green, and white. VOCs were studied in parallel with different technologies and methods: gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer and solid phase microextraction (SPME-GC-MS) and a device called small sensor system, (S3). S3 is made up of tailor-made metal oxide gas sensors, whose operating principle is based on the variation of sensor resistance based on volatiloma exposure. The data obtained were processed through multivariate statistics, showing the full file of the pre-established aim. From the results obtained, it is understood how supportive an innovative technology can be, remotely controllable supported by machine learning (IoF), aimed in the future at increasing food safety along the entire production chain, as an early warning system for possible microbiological or chemical contamination.
Collapse
|
10
|
Carraturo F, Libralato G, Esposito R, Galdiero E, Aliberti F, Amoresano A, Fontanarosa C, Trifuoggi M, Guida M. Metabolomic profiling of food matrices: Preliminary identification of potential markers of microbial contamination. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3467-3477. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Carraturo
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Hygiene University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 26 Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Hygiene University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 26 Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Rodolfo Esposito
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Hygiene University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 26 Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Emilia Galdiero
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Hygiene University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 26 Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Francesco Aliberti
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Hygiene University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 26 Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chemistry University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 26 Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Carolina Fontanarosa
- Department of Chemistry University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 26 Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemistry University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 26 Naples 80126 Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Hygiene University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cintia 26 Naples 80126 Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Núñez-Carmona E, Abbatangelo M, Zappa D, Comini E, Sberveglieri G, Sberveglieri V. Nanostructured MOS Sensor for the Detection, Follow up, and Threshold Pursuing of Campylobacter Jejuni Development in Milk Samples. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E2009. [PMID: 32260084 PMCID: PMC7180930 DOI: 10.3390/s20072009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Food poisoning is still the first cause of hospitalization worldwide and the most common microbial agent, Campylobacter jejuni, is the most commonly reported gastrointestinal disease in humans in the EU (European Union) as is reported by the European Union One Health 2018 Zoonoses Report styled by the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) and ECDC (European Center for Disease Prevention and Control). One of the vehicles of transmission of this disease is milk. Nanostructured MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) sensors have extensively demonstrated their ability to reveal the presence and follow the development of microbial species. The main objective of this work was to find a set up for the detection and development follow up of C. jejuni in milk samples. The work was structured in two different studies, the first one was a feasibility survey and the second one was to follow up the development of the bacteria inside milk samples. The obtained results of the first study demonstrate the ability of the sensor array to differentiate the contaminated samples from the control ones. Thanks to the second study, it has been possible to find the limit of microbial safety of the contaminated milk samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Abbatangelo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia (BS), Italy; (M.A.); (D.Z.); (E.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Dario Zappa
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia (BS), Italy; (M.A.); (D.Z.); (E.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Comini
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia (BS), Italy; (M.A.); (D.Z.); (E.C.); (G.S.)
- NANO SENSOR SYSTEMS, Dep. Information Engineering, NASYS spin-off University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia (BS), Italy
| | - Giorgio Sberveglieri
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia (BS), Italy; (M.A.); (D.Z.); (E.C.); (G.S.)
- NANO SENSOR SYSTEMS, Dep. Information Engineering, NASYS spin-off University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia (BS), Italy
| | - Veronica Sberveglieri
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources, CNR-IBBR, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy;
- NANO SENSOR SYSTEMS, Dep. Information Engineering, NASYS spin-off University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia (BS), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Núñez-Carmona E, Abbatangelo M, Zottele I, Piccoli P, Tamanini A, Comini E, Sberveglieri G, Sberveglieri V. Nanomaterial Gas Sensors for Online Monitoring System of Fruit Jams. Foods 2019; 8:E632. [PMID: 31810272 PMCID: PMC6963516 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Jams are appreciated worldwide and have become a growing market, due to the greater attention paid by consumers for healthy food. The selected products for this study represent a segment of the European market that addresses natural products without added sucrose or with a low content of natural sugars. This study aims to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that characterize three flavors of fruit and five recipes using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) analysis. Furthermore, an innovative device, a small sensor system (S3), based on gas sensors with nanomaterials has been used; it may be particularly advantageous in the production line. Results obtained with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) show that S3 can distinguish among the different recipes thanks to the differences in the VOCs that are present in the specimens, as evidenced by the GC-MS analysis. Finally, this study highlights how the thermal processes for obtaining the jam do not alter the natural properties of the fruit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Núñez-Carmona
- CNR-IBBR, Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources, via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (E.N.-C.); (V.S.)
| | - Marco Abbatangelo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, via Branze, 38, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy;
| | - Ivano Zottele
- Menz&Gasser S.p.A., Sede Legale Zona Industriale, 38050 Novaledo (TN), Italy; (I.Z.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Pierpaolo Piccoli
- Menz&Gasser S.p.A., Sede Legale Zona Industriale, 38050 Novaledo (TN), Italy; (I.Z.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Armando Tamanini
- Menz&Gasser S.p.A., Sede Legale Zona Industriale, 38050 Novaledo (TN), Italy; (I.Z.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Elisabetta Comini
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, via Branze, 38, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy;
- Nano Sensor Systems, NASYS Spin-Off University of Brescia, Brescia, via Camillo Brozzoni, 9, 25125 Brescia, BS, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Sberveglieri
- Nano Sensor Systems, NASYS Spin-Off University of Brescia, Brescia, via Camillo Brozzoni, 9, 25125 Brescia, BS, Italy;
| | - Veronica Sberveglieri
- CNR-IBBR, Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources, via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (E.N.-C.); (V.S.)
- Nano Sensor Systems, NASYS Spin-Off University of Brescia, Brescia, via Camillo Brozzoni, 9, 25125 Brescia, BS, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zappa D. Low-Power Detection of Food Preservatives by a Novel Nanowire-Based Sensor Array. Foods 2019; 8:E226. [PMID: 31242679 PMCID: PMC6617217 DOI: 10.3390/foods8060226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Food preservatives are compounds that are used for the treatment of food to improve the shelf life. In the food industry, it is necessary to monitor all processes for both safety and quality of the product. An electronic nose (or e-nose) is a biomimetic olfactory system that could find numerous industrial applications, including food quality control. Commercial electronic noses are based on sensor arrays composed by a combination of different sensors, which include conductometric metal oxide devices. Metal oxide nanowires are considered among the most promising materials for the fabrication of novel sensing devices, which can enhance the overall performances of e-noses in food applications. The present work reports the fabrication of a novel sensor array based on SnO2, CuO, and WO3 nanowires deposited on top of μHPs provided by ams Sensor Solutions Germany GmbH. The array was tested for the discrimination of four typical compounds added to food products or used for their treatment to increase the shelf life: ethanol, acetone, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone. Results are very promising; the sensors array was able to operate for a long time, consuming less than 50 mW for each single sensor, and principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that the device was able to discriminate between different compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Zappa
- SENSOR Laboratory, DII, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Via Valotti 9, 25133 Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Roniboss A, Shrinivas Dangate M, Rao RN, MM B, Chanda K. Environment dependent photophysical and fluorescence turn-off sensing properties of Fe(iii) by substituted phenyl isochromenopyrrol-5-ones. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2977-2988. [DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00303g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The proposed isochromenopyrrolones can serve as highly selective and sensitive sensors for iron(iii) in pharmaceutical, industrial and biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Roniboss
- Chemistry Division
- School of Advanced Sciences
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Chennai 600127
- India
| | | | - R. Nishanth Rao
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Vellore-632014
- India
| | - Balamurali MM
- Chemistry Division
- School of Advanced Sciences
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Chennai 600127
- India
| | - Kaushik Chanda
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Vellore-632014
- India
| |
Collapse
|