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Mendanha D, Casanova MR, Gimondi S, Ferreira H, Neves NM. Microfluidic-Derived Docosahexaenoic Acid Liposomes for Targeting Glioblastoma and Its Inflammatory Microenvironment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:40543-40554. [PMID: 39042828 PMCID: PMC11310905 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor, characterized by limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Its aggressiveness is attributed not only to the uncontrolled proliferation and invasion of tumor cells but also to the complex interplay between these cells and the surrounding microenvironment. Within the tumor microenvironment, an intricate network of immune cells, stromal cells, and various signaling molecules creates a pro-inflammatory milieu that supports tumor growth and progression. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an essential ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acid for brain function, is associated with anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties. Therefore, in this work, DHA liposomes were synthesized using a microfluidic platform to target and reduce the inflammatory environment of GBM. The liposomes were rapidly taken up by macrophages in a time-dependent manner without causing cytotoxicity. Moreover, DHA liposomes successfully downregulated the expression of inflammatory-associated genes (IL-6; IL-1β; TNFα; NF-κB, and STAT-1) and the secretion of key cytokines (IL-6 and TNFα) in stimulated macrophages and GBM cells. Conversely, no significant differences were observed in the expression of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory gene expressed in alternatively activated macrophages. Additionally, DHA liposomes were found to be more efficient in regulating the inflammatory profile of these cells compared with a free formulation of DHA. The nanomedicine platform established in this work opens new opportunities for developing liposomes incorporating DHA to target GBM and its inflammatory milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mendanha
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables
and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute
of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark,
Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Barco, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marta R. Casanova
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables
and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute
of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark,
Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Barco, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sara Gimondi
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables
and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute
of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark,
Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Barco, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena Ferreira
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables
and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute
of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark,
Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Barco, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno M. Neves
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables
and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute
of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark,
Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Barco, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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2
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Pasdaran A, Grice ID, Hamedi A. A review of natural products and small-molecule therapeutics acting on central nervous system malignancies: Approaches for drug development, targeting pathways, clinical trials, and challenges. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22180. [PMID: 38680103 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, the World Health Organization released the fifth edition of the central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification. This classification uses histopathology and molecular pathogenesis to group tumors into more biologically and molecularly defined entities. The prognosis of brain cancer, particularly malignant tumors, has remained poor worldwide, approximately 308,102 new cases of brain and other CNS tumors were diagnosed in the year 2020, with an estimated 251,329 deaths. The cost and time-consuming nature of studies to find new anticancer agents makes it necessary to have well-designed studies. In the present study, the pathways that can be targeted for drug development are discussed in detail. Some of the important cellular origins, signaling, and pathways involved in the efficacy of bioactive molecules against CNS tumorigenesis or progression, as well as prognosis and common approaches for treatment of different types of brain tumors, are reviewed. Moreover, different study tools, including cell lines, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial challenges, are discussed. In addition, in this article, natural products as one of the most important sources for finding new chemotherapeutics were reviewed and over 700 reported molecules with efficacy against CNS cancer cells are gathered and classified according to their structure. Based on the clinical trials that have been registered, very few of these natural or semi-synthetic derivatives have been studied in humans. The review can help researchers understand the involved mechanisms and design new goal-oriented studies for drug development against CNS malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Irwin Darren Grice
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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3
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Akbar S, Rahman A, Ahmad N, Imran M, Hafeez Z. Understanding the Role of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Development and Prevention of Cancer. Cancer Treat Res 2024; 191:57-93. [PMID: 39133404 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), notably omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6), have received much attention owing to their multifaceted effects not only in the management of diverse pathological conditions but also in the maintenance of overall health of an individual. A disproportionately high n-6 to n-3 ratio contributes to the development of various disorders including cancer, which ranks as a leading cause of death worldwide with profound social and economic burden. Epidemiological studies and clinical trials combined with the animal and cell culture models have demonstrated the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs in reducing the risk of various cancer types including breast, prostate and colon cancer. The anti-cancer actions of n-3 PUFAs are mainly attributed to their role in the modulation of a wide array of cellular processes including membrane dynamics, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, gene expression and signal transduction pathways. On the contrary, n-6 PUFAs have been shown to exert pro-tumor actions; however, the inconsistent findings and controversial data emphasize upon the need to further investigation. Nevertheless, one of the biggest challenges in future is to optimize the n-6 to n-3 ratio despite the genetic predisposition, age, gender and disease severity. Moreover, a better understanding of the potential risks and benefits as well as the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the basic actions of these PUFAs is required to explore their role as adjuvants in cancer therapy. All these aspects will be reviewed in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samina Akbar
- CALBINOTOX, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France.
| | - Abdur Rahman
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Hafeez
- CALBINOTOX, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
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4
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Jiang W, Zhang T, Zhang H, Han T, Ji P, Ou Z. Metabolic Patterns of High-Invasive and Low-Invasive Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Using Quantitative Metabolomics and 13C-Glucose Tracing. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1806. [PMID: 38136676 PMCID: PMC10742159 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Most current metabolomics studies of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are mainly focused on identifying potential biomarkers for early screening and diagnosis, while few studies have investigated the metabolic profiles promoting metastasis. In this study, we aimed to explore the altered metabolic pathways associated with metastasis of OSCC. Here, we identified four OSCC cell models (CAL27, HN6, HSC-3, SAS) that possess different invasive heterogeneity via the transwell invasion assay and divided them into high-invasive (HN6, SAS) and low-invasive (CAL27, HSC-3) cells. Quantitative analysis and stable isotope tracing using [U-13C6] glucose were performed to detect the altered metabolites in high-invasive OSCC cells, low-invasive OSCC cells and normal human oral keratinocytes (HOK). The metabolic changes in the high-invasive and low-invasive cells included elevated glycolysis, increased fatty acid metabolism and an impaired TCA cycle compared with HOK. Moreover, pathway analysis demonstrated significant differences in fatty acid biosynthesis; arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism; and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism between the high-invasive and low-invasive cells. Furthermore, the high-invasive cells displayed a significant increase in the percentages of 13C-glycine, 13C-palmitate, 13C-stearic acid, 13C-oleic acid, 13C-AA and estimated FADS1/2 activities compared with the low-invasive cells. Overall, this exploratory study suggested that the metabolic differences related to the metastatic phenotypes of OSCC cells were concentrated in glycine metabolism, de novo fatty acid synthesis and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism, providing a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic alterations and a basis for studying related molecular mechanisms in metastatic OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrong Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China; (W.J.); (T.Z.)
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China; (W.J.); (T.Z.)
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Ministry of Education of China International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (H.Z.); (T.H.)
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Tingli Han
- Ministry of Education of China International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; (H.Z.); (T.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China; (W.J.); (T.Z.)
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Zhanpeng Ou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China; (W.J.); (T.Z.)
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
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5
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Mendanha D, Gimondi S, Costa BM, Ferreira H, Neves NM. Microfluidic-derived docosahexaenoic acid liposomes for glioblastoma therapy. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 53:102704. [PMID: 37582426 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant primary brain tumor and currently lacks an effective treatment. In this study, we utilized a microfluidic system to synthesize docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) liposomes for GBM therapy. DHA is an omega-3 (ω3) polyunsaturated fatty acid commonly found in human dietary consumption that has demonstrated potential in mitigating cancer development. The microfluidic device employed allowed for precise fine-tuning of the physicochemical properties of liposomes by adjusting the flow rate ratios, flow rates, and lipid concentrations. Three distinct-sized liposomes, ranging from 80 nm and 130 nm, were successfully internalized by GBM cells, and demonstrated the ability to reduce the viability of these cells. Furthermore, DHA liposomes proved significantly more efficient in triggering apoptotic pathways, through caspase-3-dependent mechanisms, in comparison to free DHA. Thus, the nanomedicine platform established in this study presents new opportunities in the development of liposome formulations incorporating ω3 fatty acids for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mendanha
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - S Gimondi
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - B M Costa
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - H Ferreira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - N M Neves
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
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6
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Kao TJ, Lin CL, Yang WB, Li HY, Hsu TI. Dysregulated lipid metabolism in TMZ-resistant glioblastoma: pathways, proteins, metabolites and therapeutic opportunities. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:114. [PMID: 37537607 PMCID: PMC10398973 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01881-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and lethal brain tumor with limited treatment options, such as the chemotherapeutic agent, temozolomide (TMZ). However, many GBM tumors develop resistance to TMZ, which is a major obstacle to effective therapy. Recently, dysregulated lipid metabolism has emerged as an important factor contributing to TMZ resistance in GBM. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism is a hallmark of cancer and alterations in lipid metabolism have been linked to multiple aspects of tumor biology, including proliferation, migration, and resistance to therapy. In this review, we aimed to summarize current knowledge on lipid metabolism in TMZ-resistant GBM, including key metabolites and proteins involved in lipid synthesis, uptake, and utilization, and recent advances in the application of metabolomics to study lipid metabolism in GBM. We also discussed the potential of lipid metabolism as a target for novel therapeutic interventions. Finally, we highlighted the challenges and opportunities associated with developing these interventions for clinical use, and the need for further research to fully understand the role of lipid metabolism in TMZ resistance in GBM. Our review suggests that targeting dysregulated lipid metabolism may be a promising approach to overcome TMZ resistance and improve outcomes in patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Jen Kao
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | | | - Wen-Bin Yang
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yi Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 81377, Germany
- Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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7
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Montecillo-Aguado M, Tirado-Rodriguez B, Huerta-Yepez S. The Involvement of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Apoptosis Mechanisms and Their Implications in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11691. [PMID: 37511450 PMCID: PMC10380946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a significant global public health issue and, despite advancements in detection and treatment, the prognosis remains poor. Cancer is a complex disease characterized by various hallmarks, including dysregulation in apoptotic cell death pathways. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process that efficiently eliminates damaged cells. Several studies have indicated the involvement of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in apoptosis, including omega-3 PUFAs such as alpha-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid. However, the role of omega-6 PUFAs, such as linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid, in apoptosis is controversial, with some studies supporting their activation of apoptosis and others suggesting inhibition. These PUFAs are essential fatty acids, and Western populations today have a high consumption rate of omega-6 to omega-3 PUFAs. This review focuses on presenting the diverse molecular mechanisms evidence in both in vitro and in vivo models, to help clarify the controversial involvement of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs in apoptosis mechanisms in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Montecillo-Aguado
- Unidad de Investigacion en Enfermedades Oncologicas, Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Belen Tirado-Rodriguez
- Unidad de Investigacion en Enfermedades Oncologicas, Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Sara Huerta-Yepez
- Unidad de Investigacion en Enfermedades Oncologicas, Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
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8
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Gerstner JR, Flores CC, Lefton M, Rogers B, Davis CJ. FABP7: a glial integrator of sleep, circadian rhythms, plasticity, and metabolic function. Front Syst Neurosci 2023; 17:1212213. [PMID: 37404868 PMCID: PMC10315501 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.1212213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep and circadian rhythms are observed broadly throughout animal phyla and influence neural plasticity and cognitive function. However, the few phylogenetically conserved cellular and molecular pathways that are implicated in these processes are largely focused on neuronal cells. Research on these topics has traditionally segregated sleep homeostatic behavior from circadian rest-activity rhythms. Here we posit an alternative perspective, whereby mechanisms underlying the integration of sleep and circadian rhythms that affect behavioral state, plasticity, and cognition reside within glial cells. The brain-type fatty acid binding protein, FABP7, is part of a larger family of lipid chaperone proteins that regulate the subcellular trafficking of fatty acids for a wide range of cellular functions, including gene expression, growth, survival, inflammation, and metabolism. FABP7 is enriched in glial cells of the central nervous system and has been shown to be a clock-controlled gene implicated in sleep/wake regulation and cognitive processing. FABP7 is known to affect gene transcription, cellular outgrowth, and its subcellular localization in the fine perisynaptic astrocytic processes (PAPs) varies based on time-of-day. Future studies determining the effects of FABP7 on behavioral state- and circadian-dependent plasticity and cognitive processes, in addition to functional consequences on cellular and molecular mechanisms related to neural-glial interactions, lipid storage, and blood brain barrier integrity will be important for our knowledge of basic sleep function. Given the comorbidity of sleep disturbance with neurological disorders, these studies will also be important for our understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of how these diseases affect or are affected by sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R. Gerstner
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
- Steve Gleason Institute for Neuroscience, Spokane, WA, United States
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Carlos C. Flores
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Micah Lefton
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Brooke Rogers
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Christopher J. Davis
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
- Steve Gleason Institute for Neuroscience, Spokane, WA, United States
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
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9
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Wang Z, Zhang Y, Tian R, Luo Z, Zhang R, Li X, Abliz Z. Data-Driven Deciphering of Latent Lesions in Heterogeneous Tissue Using Function-Directed t-SNE of Mass Spectrometry Imaging Data. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13927-13935. [PMID: 36173386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), which quantifies the underlying chemistry with molecular spatial information in tissue, represents an emerging tool for the functional exploration of pathological progression. Unsupervised machine learning of MSI datasets usually gives an overall interpretation of the metabolic features derived from the abundant ions. However, the features related to the latent lesions are always concealed by the abundant ion features, which hinders precise delineation of the lesions. Herein, we report a data-driven MSI data segmentation approach for recognizing the hidden lesions in the heterogeneous tissue without prior knowledge, which utilizes one-step prediction for feature selection to generate function-specific segmentation maps of the tissue. The performance and robustness of this approach are demonstrated on the MSI datasets of the ischemic rat brain tissues and the human glioma tissue, both possessing different structural complexity and metabolic heterogeneity. Application of the approach to the MSI datasets of the ischemic rat brain tissues reveals the location of the ischemic penumbra, a hidden zone between the ischemic core and the healthy tissue, and instantly discovers the metabolic signatures related to the penumbra. In view of the precise demarcation of latent lesions and the screening of lesion-specific metabolic signatures in tissues, this approach has great potential for in-depth exploration of the metabolic organization of complex tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Runtao Tian
- Chemmind Technologies Co., Ltd., Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zeper Abliz
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China.,Center for Imaging and Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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10
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Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells (GSCs) with Mesenchymal Signature: Lipid Profiles of Mobile Lipids Obtained with MRS before and after Radio/Chemical Treatments. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081051. [PMID: 36008944 PMCID: PMC9405836 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) promote and are responsible for glioblastoma intratumoral heterogeneity and therapy resistance, due to their two main features: self-renewal and differentiation. Lipids have important biological and physiological functions that are critical for understanding the regulation and control of stem cell fate; lipid metabolism and related unsaturation levels play a possible role as the target of therapeutics to overcome glioblastoma radioresistance. This paper aimed at an in-depth analysis of 13 GSC mesenchymal (MES) lines, two subclones, and a stabilized glioblastoma line (T98G) by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Particularly, 2D MRS was used to investigate lipid unsaturation behavior during growth in culture and after treatment with etomoxir and photon beams. MES lines, although belonging to the same genetic and metabolic cluster, showed metabolic heterogeneity when observed by MRS, focusing on lipid signals. Nonetheless, the observed unsaturation level stability for two representative lines after stressful treatments suggests unusual robustness of the unsaturation levels for each line, as a peculiar and intrinsic characteristic of GSCs.
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11
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Ferreri C, Sansone A, Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri R, Amézaga J, Burgos MC, Arranz S, Tueros I. Critical Review on Fatty Acid-Based Food and Nutraceuticals as Supporting Therapy in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116030. [PMID: 35682708 PMCID: PMC9181022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids have an important place in both biological and nutritional contexts and, from a clinical point of view, they have known consequences for diseases’ onset and development, including cancer. The use of fatty acid-based food and nutraceuticals to support cancer therapy is a multidisciplinary subject, involving molecular and clinical research. Knowledge regarding polyunsaturated fatty acids essentiality/oxidizability and the role of lipogenesis-desaturase pathways for cell growth, as well as oxidative reactivity in cancer cells, are discussed, since they can drive the choice of fatty acids using their multiple roles to support antitumoral drug activity. The central role of membrane fatty acid composition is highlighted for the application of membrane lipid therapy. As fatty acids are also known as biomarkers of cancer onset and progression, the personalization of the fatty acid-based therapy is also possible, taking into account other important factors such as formulation, bioavailability and the distribution of the supplementation. A holistic approach emerges combining nutra- and pharma-strategies in an appropriate manner, to develop further knowledge and applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Sansone
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Rosaria Ferreri
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Tuscany Reference Centre for Integrated Medicine in the Hospital Pathway, Pitigliano Hospital, ASL Sudest Toscana, 58017 Pitigliano, Italy;
| | - Javier Amézaga
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Mercedes Caro Burgos
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Sara Arranz
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Itziar Tueros
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
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12
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Petermann AB, Reyna-Jeldes M, Ortega L, Coddou C, Yévenes GE. Roles of the Unsaturated Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Central Nervous System: Molecular and Cellular Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105390. [PMID: 35628201 PMCID: PMC9141004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are essential components of the central nervous system (CNS), where they exert multiple roles in health and disease. Among the FAs, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been widely recognized as a key molecule for neuronal function and cell signaling. Despite its relevance, the molecular pathways underlying the beneficial effects of DHA on the cells of the CNS are still unclear. Here, we summarize and discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of DHA in neural cells with a special focus on processes of survival, morphological development, and synaptic maturation. In addition, we examine the evidence supporting a potential therapeutic role of DHA against CNS tumor diseases and tumorigenesis. The current results suggest that DHA exerts its actions on neural cells mainly through the modulation of signaling cascades involving the activation of diverse types of receptors. In addition, we found evidence connecting brain DHA and ω-3 PUFA levels with CNS diseases, such as depression, autism spectrum disorders, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. In the context of cancer, the existing data have shown that DHA exerts positive actions as a coadjuvant in antitumoral therapy. Although many questions in the field remain only partially resolved, we hope that future research may soon define specific pathways and receptor systems involved in the beneficial effects of DHA in cells of the CNS, opening new avenues for innovative therapeutic strategies for CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B. Petermann
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
| | - Mauricio Reyna-Jeldes
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica Del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a Nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
| | - Lorena Ortega
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica Del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a Nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
| | - Claudio Coddou
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica Del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a Nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (G.E.Y.)
| | - Gonzalo E. Yévenes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago 8330025, Chile; (M.R.-J.); (L.O.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (G.E.Y.)
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13
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Ljungblad L, Bergqvist F, Tümmler C, Madawala S, Olsen TK, Andonova T, Jakobsson PJ, Johnsen JI, Pickova J, Strandvik B, Kogner P, Gleissman H, Wickström M. Omega-3 fatty acids decrease CRYAB, production of oncogenic prostaglandin E 2 and suppress tumor growth in medulloblastoma. Life Sci 2022; 295:120394. [PMID: 35157910 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common malignant central nervous system tumors of childhood. Despite intensive treatments that often leads to severe neurological sequelae, the risk for resistant relapses remains significant. In this study we have evaluated the effects of the ω3-long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3-LCPUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on MB cell lines and in a MB xenograft model. MAIN METHODS Effects of ω3-LCPUFA treatment of MB cells were assessed using the following: WST-1 assay, cell death probes, clonogenic assay, ELISA and western blot. MB cells were implanted into nude mice and the mice were randomized to DHA, or a combination of DHA and EPA treatment, or to control group. Treatment effects in tumor tissues were evaluated with: LC-MS/MS, RNA-sequencing and immunohistochemistry, and tumors, erythrocytes and brain tissues were analyzed with gas chromatography. KEY FINDINGS ω3-LCPUFA decreased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion from MB cells, and impaired MB cell viability and colony forming ability and increased apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. DHA reduced tumor growth in vivo, and both PGE2 and prostacyclin were significantly decreased in tumor tissue from treated mice compared to control animals. All ω3-LCPUFA and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid increased in tumors from treated mice. RNA-sequencing revealed 10 downregulated genes in common among ω3-LCPUFA treated tumors. CRYAB was the most significantly altered gene and the downregulation was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings suggest that addition of DHA and EPA to the standard MB treatment regimen might be a novel approach to target inflammation in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ljungblad
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Filip Bergqvist
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Conny Tümmler
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samanthi Madawala
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thale Kristin Olsen
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teodora Andonova
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Inge Johnsen
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jana Pickova
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Strandvik
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institutet, NEO, Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgrens Childrens Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Gleissman
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Wickström
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Liput KP, Lepczyński A, Ogłuszka M, Nawrocka A, Poławska E, Grzesiak A, Ślaska B, Pareek CS, Czarnik U, Pierzchała M. Effects of Dietary n-3 and n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancerogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6965. [PMID: 34203461 PMCID: PMC8268933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary recommendation encourages reducing saturated fatty acids (SFA) in diet and replacing them with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n-3 (omega-3) and n-6 (omega-6) to decrease the risk of metabolic disturbances. Consequently, excessive n-6 PUFAs content and high n-6/n-3 ratio are found in Western-type diet. The importance of a dietary n-6/n-3 ratio to prevent chronic diseases is linked with anti-inflammatory functions of linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) and longer-chain n-3 PUFAs. Thus, this review provides an overview of the role of oxylipins derived from n-3 PUFAs and oxylipins formed from n-6 PUFAs on inflammation. Evidence of PUFAs' role in carcinogenesis was also discussed. In vitro studies, animal cancer models and epidemiological studies demonstrate that these two PUFA groups have different effects on the cell growth, proliferation and progression of neoplastic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila P. Liput
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Adam Lepczyński
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. K. Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Magdalena Ogłuszka
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
| | - Agata Nawrocka
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Ewa Poławska
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
| | - Agata Grzesiak
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. K. Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (A.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Brygida Ślaska
- Institute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Chandra S. Pareek
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. J. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Division of Functional Genomics in Biological and Biomedical Research, Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Urszula Czarnik
- Department of Pig Breeding, Faculty of Animal Bio-Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. M. Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Pierzchała
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (M.O.); (A.N.); (E.P.)
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15
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Sultanov R, Ermolenko E, Poleschuk T, Denisenko Y, Kasyanov S. Action of alkyl glycerol ethers and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids diet on hematological parameters of blood and liver plasmalogen level in aged rats. J Food Sci 2021; 86:2727-2735. [PMID: 34002853 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the ways to reduce age-related changes can be a diet correction by adding biologically active substances. We studied the effect of a diet including alkyl glycerol ethers (AGs) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrate isolated from the hepatopancreas of Berrytheuthis magister squid on hematological parameters and plasmalogens level in the liver of elderly rats. The senile animals showed decrease in hemoglobin, a three-fold decrease in leukocytes, a three-fold increase in platelet count, and a double decrease of blood coagulation time in the peripheral blood. Age-related changes in rats were characterized by the development of anemia, hypercoagulation, and a decrease in the number of immunocompetent cells. AGs, both separately and in combination with n-3 PUFAs, induced an increase in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin, a decrease in the number of platelets, and an immunostimulating activity. Under the action of AGs and n-3 PUFAs, the concentration of plasmalogens and docosahexaenoic acid in the rat liver increased 2- and 1.5 folds, respectively. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study showed that the combined use of AGs and n-3 PUFAs improves the rheological properties of the blood and the state of the immune system during aging. The enrichment of diet with dietary supplements, whose structure contains AGs and n-3 PUFAs can increase the content of plasmalogens in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Sultanov
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevskogo Str., Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Ermolenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevskogo Str., Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatiana Poleschuk
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevskogo Str., Vladivostok, Russia.,Pacific State Medical University, 2 Ostryakova Ave., Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Yulia Denisenko
- Vladivostok Branch of the Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Sergey Kasyanov
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevskogo Str., Vladivostok, Russia
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16
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Kung WM, Lin MS. Beneficial Impacts of Alpha-Eleostearic Acid from Wild Bitter Melon and Curcumin on Promotion of CDGSH Iron-Sulfur Domain 2: Therapeutic Roles in CNS Injuries and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073289. [PMID: 33804820 PMCID: PMC8037269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and abnormal mitochondrial function are related to the cause of aging, neurodegeneration, and neurotrauma. The activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), exaggerating these two pathologies, underlies the pathogenesis for the aforementioned injuries and diseases in the central nervous system (CNS). CDGSH iron-sulfur domain 2 (CISD2) belongs to the human NEET protein family with the [2Fe-2S] cluster. CISD2 has been verified as an NFκB antagonist through the association with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β (PPAR-β). This protective protein can be attenuated under circumstances of CNS injuries and diseases, thereby causing NFκB activation and exaggerating NFκB-provoked neuroinflammation and abnormal mitochondrial function. Consequently, CISD2-elevating plans of action provide pathways in the management of various disease categories. Various bioactive molecules derived from plants exert protective anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and serve as natural antioxidants, such as conjugated fatty acids and phenolic compounds. Herein, we have summarized pharmacological characters of the two phytochemicals, namely, alpha-eleostearic acid (α-ESA), an isomer of conjugated linolenic acids derived from wild bitter melon (Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Ser.), and curcumin, a polyphenol derived from rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. In this review, the unique function of the CISD2-elevating effect of α-ESA and curcumin are particularly emphasized, and these natural compounds are expected to serve as a potential therapeutic target for CNS injuries and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon-Man Kung
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
| | - Muh-Shi Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 43303, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, College of Bioresources, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Department of Health Business Administration, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2665-1900
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17
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Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Activities of the Ethanolic Extract of Daphne sericea Vahl Flowering Aerial Parts Collected in Central Italy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030379. [PMID: 33802543 PMCID: PMC8001904 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the first phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of Daphne sericea Vahl flowering aerial parts collected in Italy and its biological activities were reported. Eleven compounds were identified i.e., α-linolenic acid (1), tri-linoleoyl-sn-glycerol (2), pheophorbide a ethyl ester (3), pilloin (4), sinensetin (5), yuanhuanin (6), rutamontine (7), syringin (8), p-coumaric acid (9), p-anisic acid (10) and caffeic acid (11). To the best of our knowledge, compounds (1-4, 7-8 and 10) were isolated from D. sericea for the first time during this work, whereas sinensetin (5) represents a newly identified component of the entire Thymelaeaceae family. The extract was found to possess radical scavenging against both DPPH• and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-thylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+) radicals, with at least a 40-fold higher potency against the latter. Moreover, chelating abilities against both ferrous and ferric ions have been highlighted, thus suggesting a possible indirect antioxidant power of the extract. Although the precise bioactive compounds remain to be discovered, the polyphenolic constituents, including phenolic acids, tannins and flavonoids, seem to contribute to the antioxidant power of the phytocomplex. In addition, the extract produced cytotoxic effects in MDA-MB-231 and U87-MG cancer cell lines, especially at the concentration of 625 μg/mL and after 48–72 h. Further studies are required to clarify the contribution of the identified compounds in the bioactivities of the extract and to support possible future applications.
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18
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Chen G, Cao Y, Zhong H, Wang X, Li Y, Cui X, Lu X, Bi X, Dai M. Serine/threonine Kinases Play Important Roles in Regulating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:618969. [PMID: 33553135 PMCID: PMC7860145 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.618969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine/threonine kinases (STKs) play important roles in prokaryotic cellular functions such as growth, differentiation, and secondary metabolism. When the external environment changes, prokaryotes rely on signal transduction systems, including STKs that quickly sense these changes and alter gene expression to induce the appropriate metabolic changes. In this study, we examined the roles of the STK genes spkD and spkG in fatty acid biosynthesis in the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, using targeted gene knockout. The linoleic acid (C18: 2), γ-linolenic acid (C18: 3n6), α-linolenic acid (C18: 3n3), and stearidonic acid (C18: 4) levels were significantly lower in spkD and spkG gene knockout mutants than in the wild type at a culture temperature of 30°C and a light intensity of 40 μmol⋅m–2⋅s–1. The expression levels of fatty acid desaturases and STK genes differed between the spkD and spkG gene knockout mutants. These observations suggest that spkD and spkG may directly or indirectly affect the fatty acid composition in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 by regulating the expression of fatty acid desaturases genes. Therefore, the STK genes spkD and spkG play important roles in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. These findings could facilitate the development of cyanobacteria germplasm resources that yield high levels of fatty acids. In addition, they provide a theoretical basis for the genetic engineering of cyanobacteria with improved yields of secondary metabolites and increased economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.,Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Jinan, China
| | - Yuelei Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.,Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Jinan, China
| | - Huairong Zhong
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Jinan, China
| | - Yanle Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.,Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.,Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangdong Bi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic-Ecology and Aquaculture of Tianjin, College of Fishery, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meixue Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Nascimento CO, Pina DS, Cirne LGA, Santos SA, Araújo MLGML, Rodrigues TCGC, Silva WP, Souza MNS, Alba HDR, de Carvalho GGP. Effects of Whole Corn Germ, A Source of Linoleic Acid, on Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Feedlot Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020267. [PMID: 33494489 PMCID: PMC7911503 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The industrialization of corn generates several by-products, including the whole corn germ (WCG). This, in turn, shows promise in diets for ruminants because it contains 85% of the total lipids that can increase the diets’ energy density (lipids naturally protected by the pericarp). Furthermore, WCG has around 56% linoleic acid (of total fatty acids), contributing to increased unsaturated fatty acid concentrations in meat. This research aims to evaluate the quantitative carcass traits and the quality of lambs’ meat supplemented with WCG to determine its optimum inclusion level in feedlot animals’ diet. Abstract The whole corn germ (WCG), due to its desirable nutritional characteristics, has been studied as feed for ruminants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of WCG inclusion as a linoleic acid source in diets for feedlot lambs on carcass characteristics, physicochemical composition, sensory attributes, and fatty acid profile of the meat. Forty non-castrated, crossbreed Dorper x Santa Inês lambs were distributed in a completely randomized design to evaluate the inclusion levels (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 g/kg dry matter (DM)) of whole corn germ (WCG) in the diet. The dietary inclusion of WCG did not influence (p > 0.05) the weight gain and carcass characteristics, with the exception of the subcutaneous fat thickness (p < 0.01), which was higher in animals fed diets with higher levels of WCG. Lightness (L *; p = 0.04), yellowness (b *; p < 0.01), shear force (p = 0.04), linoleic fatty acid concentrations (p = 0.03), and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (p = 0.04) had a quadratic increase due to WCG inclusion in the diets. The use of up to 120 g/kg DM of WCG in lamb diets does not affect the carcass characteristics, physicochemical composition, and sensory attributes of the meat. Despite this, the best polyunsaturated fatty acid profile in lambs’ meat is obtained using 76.7 g/kg DM of WCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila O. Nascimento
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (D.S.P.); (S.A.S.); (M.L.G.M.L.A.); (T.C.G.C.R.); (W.P.S.); (M.N.S.S.); (H.D.R.A.)
- Correspondence: (C.O.N.); (G.G.P.d.C.); Tel.: +55-669233-8332 (C.O.N.); +55-713283-6719 (G.G.P.d.C.)
| | - Douglas S. Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (D.S.P.); (S.A.S.); (M.L.G.M.L.A.); (T.C.G.C.R.); (W.P.S.); (M.N.S.S.); (H.D.R.A.)
| | - Luís G. A. Cirne
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forestry, Federal University of Western, Vera Paz Street, Salé, Santarém 68040255, Brazil;
| | - Stefanie A. Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (D.S.P.); (S.A.S.); (M.L.G.M.L.A.); (T.C.G.C.R.); (W.P.S.); (M.N.S.S.); (H.D.R.A.)
| | - Maria L. G. M. L. Araújo
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (D.S.P.); (S.A.S.); (M.L.G.M.L.A.); (T.C.G.C.R.); (W.P.S.); (M.N.S.S.); (H.D.R.A.)
| | - Thomaz C. G. C. Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (D.S.P.); (S.A.S.); (M.L.G.M.L.A.); (T.C.G.C.R.); (W.P.S.); (M.N.S.S.); (H.D.R.A.)
| | - William P. Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (D.S.P.); (S.A.S.); (M.L.G.M.L.A.); (T.C.G.C.R.); (W.P.S.); (M.N.S.S.); (H.D.R.A.)
| | - Mateus N. S. Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (D.S.P.); (S.A.S.); (M.L.G.M.L.A.); (T.C.G.C.R.); (W.P.S.); (M.N.S.S.); (H.D.R.A.)
| | - Henry D. R. Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (D.S.P.); (S.A.S.); (M.L.G.M.L.A.); (T.C.G.C.R.); (W.P.S.); (M.N.S.S.); (H.D.R.A.)
| | - Gleidson G. P. de Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Avenue Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil; (D.S.P.); (S.A.S.); (M.L.G.M.L.A.); (T.C.G.C.R.); (W.P.S.); (M.N.S.S.); (H.D.R.A.)
- Correspondence: (C.O.N.); (G.G.P.d.C.); Tel.: +55-669233-8332 (C.O.N.); +55-713283-6719 (G.G.P.d.C.)
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