1
|
Hall JD, Green JM, Chen YCA, Liu Y, Zhang H, Sundman MH, Chou YH. Exploring the potential of combining transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography to investigate mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review. GeroScience 2024; 46:3659-3693. [PMID: 38356029 PMCID: PMC11226590 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) are non-invasive techniques used for neuromodulation and recording brain electrical activity, respectively. The integration of TMS-EEG has emerged as a valuable tool for investigating the complex mechanisms involved in age-related disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). By systematically synthesizing TMS-EEG studies, this review aims to shed light on the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying MCI and AD, while also exploring the practical applications of TMS-EEG in clinical settings. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and PsychInfo were selected as the databases for this review. The 22 eligible studies included a total of 592 individuals with MCI or AD as well as 301 cognitively normal adults. TMS-EEG assessments unveiled specific patterns of corticospinal excitability, plasticity, and brain connectivity that distinguished individuals on the AD spectrum from cognitively normal older adults. Moreover, the TMS-induced EEG features were observed to be correlated with cognitive performance and the presence of AD pathological biomarkers. The comprehensive examination of the existing studies demonstrates that the combination of TMS and EEG has yielded valuable insights into the neurophysiology of MCI and AD. This integration shows great potential for early detection, monitoring disease progression, and anticipating response to treatment. Future research is of paramount importance to delve into the potential utilization of TMS-EEG for treatment optimization in individuals with MCI and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Hall
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jacob M Green
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yu-Chin A Chen
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yilin Liu
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hangbin Zhang
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mark H Sundman
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ying-Hui Chou
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1230 N Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute, Arizona Center On Aging, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen R, Huang L, Wang R, Fei J, Wang H, Wang J. Advances in Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Techniques for Improving Cognitive Function: A Review. Brain Sci 2024; 14:354. [PMID: 38672006 PMCID: PMC11048722 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques are widely utilized to study and improve cognitive function, with the aim of modulating different cognitive processes. For workers performing high-intensity mental and physical tasks, extreme fatigue may not only affect their working efficiency but may also lead to cognitive decline or cognitive impairment, which, in turn, poses a serious threat to their physical health. The use of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques has important research value for improving and enhancing cognitive function. In this paper, we review the research status, existing problems, and future prospects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and transcutaneous acupoint stimulation (TAS), which are the most studied physical methods in non-invasive neuromodulation techniques to improve and enhance cognition. The findings presented in this paper will be of great reference value for the in-depth study of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques in the field of cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (R.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Lengjie Huang
- School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (L.H.); (R.W.); (J.F.)
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (L.H.); (R.W.); (J.F.)
| | - Jieying Fei
- School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (L.H.); (R.W.); (J.F.)
| | - Huiquan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (R.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Jinhai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (R.C.); (H.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li S, Lan X, Liu Y, Zhou J, Pei Z, Su X, Guo Y. Unlocking the Potential of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials to Optimize Intervention Strategies. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:481-503. [PMID: 38427480 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an advanced and noninvasive technology that uses pulse stimulation to treat cognitive impairment. However, its specific effects have always been mixed with those of cognitive training, and the optimal parameter for Alzheimer's disease (AD) intervention is still ambiguous. Objective This study aimed to summarize the therapeutic effects of pure rTMS on AD, excluding the influence of cognitive training, and to develop a preliminary rTMS treatment plan. Methods Between 1 January 2010 and 28 February 2023, we screened randomized controlled clinical trials from five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials. gov). We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of treatment outcomes and rTMS treatment parameters. Result A total of 4,606 articles were retrieved. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles, comprising 655 participants (308 males and 337 females), were included in the final analysis. The findings revealed that rTMS significantly enhances both global cognitive ability (p = 0.0002, SMD = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.20-0.66) and memory (p = 0.009, SMD = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.09-0.65). Based on follow-up periods of at least 6 weeks, the following stimulation protocols have demonstrated efficacy for AD: stimulation sites (single or multiple targets), frequency (20 Hz), stimulation time (1-2 s), interval (20-30 s), single pulses (≤2500), total pulses (>20000), duration (≥3 weeks), and sessions (≥20). Conclusions This study suggests that rTMS may be an effective treatment option for patients with AD, and its potential therapeutic capabilities should be further developed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lan
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhong Zhou
- Hebrew Seniorlife Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zian Pei
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Su
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Buzi G, Fornari C, Perinelli A, Mazza V. Functional connectivity changes in mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis of M/EEG studies. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 156:183-195. [PMID: 37967512 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early synchrony alterations have been observed through electrophysiological techniques in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), which is considered the intermediate phase between healthy aging (HC) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the documented direction (hyper/hypo-synchronization), regions and frequency bands affected are inconsistent. This meta-analysis intended to elucidate existing evidence linked to potential neurophysiological biomarkers of AD. METHODS We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis that entailed the unbiased inclusion of Non-statistically Significant Unreported Effect Sizes ("MetaNSUE") of electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetoencephalogram (MEG) studies investigating functional connectivity changes at rest along the healthy-pathological aging continuum, searched through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO databases until June 2023. RESULTS Of the 3852 articles extracted, we analyzed 12 papers, and we found an alpha synchrony decrease in MCI compared to HC, specifically between temporal-parietal (d = -0.26) and frontal-parietal areas (d = -0.25). CONCLUSIONS Alterations of alpha synchrony are present even at MCI stage. SIGNIFICANCE Synchrony measures may be promising for the detection of the first hallmarks of connectivity alterations, even at the prodromal stages of the AD, before clinical symptoms occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Buzi
- U1077 INSERM-EPHE-UNICAEN, Caen 14000, France
| | - Chiara Fornari
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.
| | - Alessio Perinelli
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy; INFN-TIFPA, Trento, Italy
| | - Veronica Mazza
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guidali G, Zazio A, Lucarelli D, Marcantoni E, Stango A, Barchiesi G, Bortoletto M. Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) current direction and pulse waveform on cortico-cortical connectivity: A registered report TMS-EEG study. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:3785-3809. [PMID: 37649453 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-evoked potentials (TEPs) are a promising proxy for measuring effective connectivity, that is, the directed transmission of physiological signals along cortico-cortical tracts, and for developing connectivity-based biomarkers. A crucial point is how stimulation parameters may affect TEPs, as they may contribute to the general variability of findings across studies. Here, we manipulated two TMS parameters (i.e. current direction and pulse waveform) while measuring (a) an early TEP component reflecting contralateral inhibition of motor areas, namely, M1-P15, as an operative model of interhemispheric cortico-cortical connectivity, and (b) motor-evoked potentials (MEP) for the corticospinal pathway. Our results showed that these two TMS parameters are crucial to evoke the M1-P15, influencing its amplitude, latency, and replicability. Specifically, (a) M1-P15 amplitude was strongly affected by current direction in monophasic stimulation; (b) M1-P15 latency was significantly modulated by current direction for monophasic and biphasic pulses. The replicability of M1-P15 was substantial for the same stimulation condition. At the same time, it was poor when stimulation parameters were changed, suggesting that these factors must be controlled to obtain stable single-subject measures. Finally, MEP latency was modulated by current direction, whereas non-statistically significant changes were evident for amplitude. Overall, our study highlights the importance of TMS parameters for early TEP responses recording and suggests controlling their impact in developing connectivity biomarkers from TEPs. Moreover, these results point out that the excitability of the corticospinal tract, which is commonly used as a reference to set TMS intensity, may not correspond to the excitability of cortico-cortical pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Guidali
- Neurophysiology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Agnese Zazio
- Neurophysiology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Delia Lucarelli
- Neurophysiology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Marcantoni
- Neurophysiology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonietta Stango
- Neurophysiology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Guido Barchiesi
- Department of Philosophy, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Bortoletto
- Neurophysiology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Andrade-Talavera Y, Fisahn A, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Timing to be precise? An overview of spike timing-dependent plasticity, brain rhythmicity, and glial cells interplay within neuronal circuits. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2177-2188. [PMID: 36991134 PMCID: PMC10611582 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
In the mammalian brain information processing and storage rely on the complex coding and decoding events performed by neuronal networks. These actions are based on the computational ability of neurons and their functional engagement in neuronal assemblies where precise timing of action potential firing is crucial. Neuronal circuits manage a myriad of spatially and temporally overlapping inputs to compute specific outputs that are proposed to underly memory traces formation, sensory perception, and cognitive behaviors. Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) and electrical brain rhythms are suggested to underlie such functions while the physiological evidence of assembly structures and mechanisms driving both processes continues to be scarce. Here, we review foundational and current evidence on timing precision and cooperative neuronal electrical activity driving STDP and brain rhythms, their interactions, and the emerging role of glial cells in such processes. We also provide an overview of their cognitive correlates and discuss current limitations and controversies, future perspectives on experimental approaches, and their application in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013, Seville, Spain.
| | - André Fisahn
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013, Seville, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tăuƫan AM, Casula EP, Pellicciari MC, Borghi I, Maiella M, Bonni S, Minei M, Assogna M, Palmisano A, Smeralda C, Romanella SM, Ionescu B, Koch G, Santarnecchi E. TMS-EEG perturbation biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease patients classification. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7667. [PMID: 37169900 PMCID: PMC10175269 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22978-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of TMS and EEG has the potential to capture relevant features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. We used a machine learning framework to explore time-domain features characterizing AD patients compared to age-matched healthy controls (HC). More than 150 time-domain features including some related to local and distributed evoked activity were extracted from TMS-EEG data and fed into a Random Forest (RF) classifier using a leave-one-subject out validation approach. The best classification accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and F1 score were of 92.95%, 96.15%, 87.94% and 92.03% respectively when using a balanced dataset of features computed globally across the brain. The feature importance and statistical analysis revealed that the maximum amplitude of the post-TMS signal, its Hjorth complexity and the amplitude of the TEP calculated in the window 45-80 ms after the TMS-pulse were the most relevant features differentiating AD patients from HC. TMS-EEG metrics can be used as a non-invasive tool to further understand the AD pathophysiology and possibly contribute to patients' classification as well as longitudinal disease tracking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Maria Tăuƫan
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program & Network Control Laboratory, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- AI Multimedia Lab, Research Center CAMPUS, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 061344, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elias P Casula
- Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychology, La Sapienza University, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Annalisa Palmisano
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program & Network Control Laboratory, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Education, Psychology and Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Carmelo Smeralda
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Sara M Romanella
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program & Network Control Laboratory, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Bogdan Ionescu
- AI Multimedia Lab, Research Center CAMPUS, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 061344, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Human Physiology, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program & Network Control Laboratory, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Markiewicz-Gospodarek A, Markiewicz R, Borowski B, Dobrowolska B, Łoza B. Self-Regulatory Neuronal Mechanisms and Long-Term Challenges in Schizophrenia Treatment. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040651. [PMID: 37190616 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic and relapsing disorder that is characterized not only by delusions and hallucinations but also mainly by the progressive development of cognitive and social deficits. These deficits are related to impaired synaptic plasticity and impaired neurotransmission in the nervous system. Currently, technological innovations and medical advances make it possible to use various self-regulatory methods to improve impaired synaptic plasticity. To evaluate the therapeutic effect of various rehabilitation methods, we reviewed methods that modify synaptic plasticity and improve the cognitive and executive processes of patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar bibliographic databases were searched with the keywords mentioned below. A total of 555 records were identified. Modern methods of schizophrenia therapy with neuroplastic potential, including neurofeedback, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, virtual reality therapy, and cognitive remediation therapy, were reviewed and analyzed. Since randomized controlled studies of long-term schizophrenia treatment do not exceed 2-3 years, and the pharmacological treatment itself has an incompletely estimated benefit-risk ratio, treatment methods based on other paradigms, including neuronal self-regulatory and neural plasticity mechanisms, should be considered. Methods available for monitoring neuroplastic effects in vivo (e.g., fMRI, neuropeptides in serum), as well as unfavorable parameters (e.g., features of the metabolic syndrome), enable individualized monitoring of the effectiveness of long-term treatment of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Markiewicz
- Department of Neurology, Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Borowski
- Students Scientific Association at the Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Dobrowolska
- Department of Holistic Care and Management in Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Łoza
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Meftah S, Gan J. Alzheimer’s disease as a synaptopathy: Evidence for dysfunction of synapses during disease progression. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2023; 15:1129036. [PMID: 36970154 PMCID: PMC10033629 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1129036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The synapse has consistently been considered a vulnerable and critical target within Alzheimer’s disease, and synapse loss is, to date, one of the main biological correlates of cognitive decline within Alzheimer’s disease. This occurs prior to neuronal loss with ample evidence that synaptic dysfunction precedes this, in support of the idea that synaptic failure is a crucial stage within disease pathogenesis. The two main pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease, abnormal aggregates of amyloid or tau proteins, have had demonstrable effects on synaptic physiology in animal and cellular models of Alzheimer’s disease. There is also growing evidence that these two proteins may have a synergistic effect on neurophysiological dysfunction. Here, we review some of the main findings of synaptic alterations in Alzheimer’s disease, and what we know from Alzheimer’s disease animal and cellular models. First, we briefly summarize some of the human evidence to suggest that synapses are altered, including how this relates to network activity. Subsequently, animal and cellular models of Alzheimer’s disease are considered, highlighting mouse models of amyloid and tau pathology and the role these proteins may play in synaptic dysfunction, either in isolation or examining how the two pathologies may interact in dysfunction. This specifically focuses on neurophysiological function and dysfunction observed within these animal models, typically measured using electrophysiology or calcium imaging. Following synaptic dysfunction and loss, it would be impossible to imagine that this would not alter oscillatory activity within the brain. Therefore, this review also discusses how this may underpin some of the aberrant oscillatory patterns seen in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease and human patients. Finally, an overview of some key directions and considerations in the field of synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease is covered. This includes current therapeutics that are targeted specifically at synaptic dysfunction, but also methods that modulate activity to rescue aberrant oscillatory patterns. Other important future avenues of note in this field include the role of non-neuronal cell types such as astrocytes and microglia, and mechanisms of dysfunction independent of amyloid and tau in Alzheimer’s disease. The synapse will certainly continue to be an important target within Alzheimer’s disease for the foreseeable future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Meftah
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jian Gan
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Jian Gan,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Arroyo-García LE, Bachiller S, Ruiz R, Boza-Serrano A, Rodríguez-Moreno A, Deierborg T, Andrade-Talavera Y, Fisahn A. Targeting galectin-3 to counteract spike-phase uncoupling of fast-spiking interneurons to gamma oscillations in Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:6. [PMID: 36740709 PMCID: PMC9901156 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00338-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder for which no disease-modifying treatment exists. Neuroinflammation is central to the pathology progression, with evidence suggesting that microglia-released galectin-3 (gal3) plays a pivotal role by amplifying neuroinflammation in AD. However, the possible involvement of gal3 in the disruption of neuronal network oscillations typical of AD remains unknown. METHODS Here, we investigated the functional implications of gal3 signaling on experimentally induced gamma oscillations ex vivo (20-80 Hz) by performing electrophysiological recordings in the hippocampal CA3 area of wild-type (WT) mice and of the 5×FAD mouse model of AD. In addition, the recorded slices from WT mice under acute gal3 application were analyzed with RT-qPCR to detect expression of some neuroinflammation-related genes, and amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque load was quantified by immunostaining in the CA3 area of 6-month-old 5×FAD mice with or without Gal3 knockout (KO). RESULTS Gal3 application decreased gamma oscillation power and rhythmicity in an activity-dependent manner, which was accompanied by impairment of cellular dynamics in fast-spiking interneurons (FSNs) and pyramidal cells. We found that the gal3-induced disruption was mediated by the gal3 carbohydrate-recognition domain and prevented by the gal3 inhibitor TD139, which also prevented Aβ42-induced degradation of gamma oscillations. Furthermore, the 5×FAD mice lacking gal3 (5×FAD-Gal3KO) exhibited WT-like gamma network dynamics and decreased Aβ plaque load. CONCLUSIONS We report for the first time that gal3 impairs neuronal network dynamics by spike-phase uncoupling of FSNs, inducing a network performance collapse. Moreover, our findings suggest gal3 inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy to counteract the neuronal network instability typical of AD and other neurological disorders encompassing neuroinflammation and cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Enrique Arroyo-García
- grid.465198.7Neuronal Oscillations Laboratory, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Solna, Sweden
| | - Sara Bachiller
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC B11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden ,grid.9224.d0000 0001 2168 1229Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Ruiz
- grid.9224.d0000 0001 2168 1229Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Seville, Calle Profesor García González Nº2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Boza-Serrano
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC B11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden ,grid.9224.d0000 0001 2168 1229Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Seville, Calle Profesor García González Nº2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- grid.15449.3d0000 0001 2200 2355Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km-1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Tomas Deierborg
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC B11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Neuronal Oscillations Laboratory, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden. .,Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km-1, 41013, Seville, Spain.
| | - André Fisahn
- Neuronal Oscillations Laboratory, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden. .,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Neo, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ferreri F, Francesca M, Fabrizio V, Manzo N, Maria C, Elda J, Rossini PM. EEG, ERPs, and EROs in patients with neurodegenerative dementing disorders: A window into the cortical neurophysiology of cognition and behavior. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 181:85-94. [PMID: 36055410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
In the human brain, physiological aging is characterized by progressive neuronal loss, leading to disruption of synapses and to a degree of failure in neurotransmission and information flow. However, there is increasing evidence to support the notion that the aged brain has a remarkable level of resilience (i.s. ability to reorganize itself), with the aim of preserving its physiological activity. It is therefore of paramount interest to develop objective markers able to characterize the biological processes underlying brain aging in the intact human, and to distinguish them from brain degeneration associated to age-related neurological progressive diseases like Alzheimer's disease. EEG, alone and combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS-EEG), is particularly suited to this aim, due to the functional nature of the information provided, and thanks to the ease with which it can be integrated in ecological scenarios including behavioral tasks. In this review, we aimed to provide the reader with updated information about the role of modern methods of EEG and TMS-EEG analysis in the investigation of physiological brain aging and Alzheimer's disease. In particular, we focused on data about cortical connectivity obtained by using readouts such graph theory network brain organization and architecture, and transcranial evoked potentials (TEPs) during TMS-EEG. Overall, findings in the literature support an important potential contribution of such neurophysiological techniques to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying normal brain aging and the early (prodromal/pre-symptomatic) stages of dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florinda Ferreri
- Unit of Neurology, Unit of Clinical Neurophysiology and Study Center of Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miraglia Francesca
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy; Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Novedrate, Como, Italy.
| | - Vecchio Fabrizio
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy; Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Novedrate, Como, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Manzo
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, 30126 Lido di Venezia, Venice, Italy
| | - Cotelli Maria
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di DioFatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Judica Elda
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa Cura Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Maria Rossini
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tautan AM, Casula E, Borghi I, Maiella M, Bonni S, Minei M, Assogna M, Ionescu B, Koch G, Santarnecchi E. Preliminary study on the impact of EEG density on TMS-EEG classification in Alzheimer's disease. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2022; 2022:394-397. [PMID: 36086206 DOI: 10.1109/embc48229.2022.9870920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation co-registered with electroencephalographic (TMS-EEG) has previously proven a helpful tool in the study of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this work, we investigate the use of TMS-evoked EEG responses to classify AD patients from healthy controls (HC). By using a dataset containing 17AD and 17HC, we extract various time domain features from individual TMS responses and average them over a low, medium and high density EEG electrode set. Within a leave-one-subject-out validation scenario, the best classification performance for AD vs. HC was obtained using a high-density electrode with a Random Forest classifier. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were of 92.7%, 96.58% and 88.82% respectively. Clinical relevance- TMS-EEG responses were successfully used to identify Alzheimer's disease patients from healthy controls.
Collapse
|
13
|
Gut bacterial isoamylamine promotes age-related cognitive dysfunction by promoting microglial cell death. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:944-960.e8. [PMID: 35654045 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiome releases a plethora of small molecules. Here, we show that the Ruminococcaceae metabolite isoamylamine (IAA) is enriched in aged mice and elderly people, whereas Ruminococcaceae phages, belonging to the Myoviridae family, are reduced. Young mice orally administered IAA show cognitive decline, whereas Myoviridae phage administration reduces IAA levels. Mechanistically, IAA promotes apoptosis of microglial cells by recruiting the transcriptional regulator p53 to the S100A8 promoter region. Specifically, IAA recognizes and binds the S100A8 promoter region to facilitate the unwinding of its self-complementary hairpin structure, thereby subsequently enabling p53 to access the S100A8 promoter and enhance S100A8 expression. Thus, our findings provide evidence that small molecules released from the gut microbiome can directly bind genomic DNA and act as transcriptional coregulators by recruiting transcription factors. These findings further unveil a molecular mechanism that connects gut metabolism to gene expression in the brain with implications for disease development.
Collapse
|
14
|
Antczak J, Rusin G, Słowik A. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tool in Various Types of Dementia. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132875. [PMID: 34203558 PMCID: PMC8267667 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is recognized as a healthcare and social burden and remains challenging in terms of proper diagnosis and treatment. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in various neurological diseases that noninvasively investigates cortical excitability and connectivity and can induce brain plasticity. This article reviews findings on TMS in common dementia types as well as therapeutic results. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by increased cortical excitability and reduced cortical inhibition, especially as mediated by cholinergic neurons and as documented by impairment of short latency inhibition (SAI). In vascular dementia, excitability is also increased. SAI may have various outcomes, which probably reflects its frequent overlap with AD. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is associated with SAI decrease. Motor cortical excitability is usually normal, reflecting the lack of corticospinal tract involvement. DLB and other dementia types are also characterized by impairment of short interval intracortical inhibition. In frontotemporal dementia, cortical excitability is increased, but SAI is normal. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has the potential to improve cognitive function. It has been extensively studied in AD, showing promising results after multisite stimulation. TMS with electroencephalography recording opens new possibilities for improving diagnostic accuracy; however, more studies are needed to support the existing data.
Collapse
|
15
|
Andrade-Talavera Y, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Synaptic Plasticity and Oscillations in Alzheimer's Disease: A Complex Picture of a Multifaceted Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:696476. [PMID: 34220451 PMCID: PMC8248350 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.696476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain plasticity is widely accepted as the core neurophysiological basis of memory and is generally defined by activity-dependent changes in synaptic efficacy, such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). By using diverse induction protocols like high-frequency stimulation (HFS) or spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP), such crucial cognition-relevant plastic processes are shown to be impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In AD, the severity of the cognitive impairment also correlates with the level of disruption of neuronal network dynamics. Currently under debate, the named amyloid hypothesis points to amyloid-beta peptide 1–42 (Aβ42) as the trigger of the functional deviations underlying cognitive impairment in AD. However, there are missing functional mechanistic data that comprehensively dissect the early subtle changes that lead to synaptic dysfunction and subsequent neuronal network collapse in AD. The convergence of the study of both, mechanisms underlying brain plasticity, and neuronal network dynamics, may represent the most efficient approach to address the early triggering and aberrant mechanisms underlying the progressive clinical cognitive impairment in AD. Here we comment on the emerging integrative roles of brain plasticity and network oscillations in AD research and on the future perspectives of research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|