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Kumar N, Desai I, Kumar M, Singh J, Tiwari A, Dhar N, Madhaw G, Manchanda R, Jatale V, Radhakrishnan DM, Warrier AR, Shree R, Kumari S. Phenomenological patterns and aetiological spectrum in patients visiting a tertiary care Movement disorders service in India: An observational study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 245:108492. [PMID: 39146723 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although previous studies have described phenomenological diagnoses, they lacked description of aetiological spectrum in patients visiting movement disorders (MD) service. Herein, we classify the MD phenomenology and describe aetiology wise distribution of each phenomenology in patients visiting a tertiary care movement disorders service. METHODS Collected information included demographic profile (age of onset, age at presentation, gender, duration of illness before presentation), predominant MD phenomenology [such as parkinsonism, dystonia, ataxia, tremor, chorea, ballism, myoclonus, tics, stereotypy, restless legs syndrome (RLS) and others], diagnostic evaluations and detected aetiology. RESULTS This observational study included 1140 MD patients over a span of 5 years. The median (IQR) age of onset was 49 (35-60) years and age at presentation was 54 (40-65) years, with median duration of illness being 36 (18-72) months. Nearly two-third of patients were males (M:F=731:409). Parkinsonism (n=494, 43.3 %) was the most common MD phenomenology observed, followed by dystonia (n=219, 19.2 %), ataxia (n=125, 11 %), tremor (n=118, 10.4 %), myoclonus (n=73, 6.4 %), chorea (n=40, 3.5 %), spasticity (n=22, 1.9 %), tics (n=8, 0.7 %), and RLS (n=8, 0.7 %). Thirty-three (2.9 %) patients were grouped under miscellaneous MDs. Overall, neurodegenerative disorders (57.4 %) were the most common cause of MDs. Parkinson's disease, genetic dystonia, essential tremor, genetic ataxias, hemifacial spasm, and Huntington's disease were the most common aetiologies for parkinsonism, dystonia, tremor, ataxia, myoclonus, and chorea, respectively. CONCLUSION Parkinsonism was the most common phenomenology observed in MD patients, and was followed by dystonia, ataxia and tremor. Neurodegenerative disorders were the most common aetiology detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India; Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Metropolitan Region, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Ishita Desai
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Mritunjai Kumar
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Jagbir Singh
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Tiwari
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Nikita Dhar
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Govind Madhaw
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Rajat Manchanda
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Vinayak Jatale
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Divya M Radhakrishnan
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India; Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anand R Warrier
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India; Dept. of Neurology & Neuro-intervention, Baby Memorial Hospital, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Ritu Shree
- Dept. of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India; Dept. of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sweety Kumari
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India; Dept. of Ophthalmology, MediCiti Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
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Bhanupriya R, Haridoss M, Lakshmi GS, Bagepally BS. Health-related quality of life in Parkinson's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of EuroQol (EQ-5D) utility scores. Qual Life Res 2024; 33:1781-1793. [PMID: 38581635 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evaluating the Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) holds significant importance in clinical and research settings. The EQ-5D is a widely recognized tool for comprehensive measurement of HRQoL using utility values. This study aims to systematically review and synthesize EQ-5D utility values from existing literature on patients with PD and their caregivers. METHODS We conducted a systematic search for studies that provided EQ-5D utility scores for patients with PD, using PubMed-Medline, Scopus, and Embase and selected the studies. The selected studies underwent systematic review, including an assessment of their quality. We performed a meta-analysis using a random-effect model and conducted a meta-regression analysis to investigate sources of heterogeneity among the studies. RESULTS The search result of 13,417 articles that were reviewed, 130 studies with 33,914 participants were selected for systematic review, and 79 studies were included for meta-analysis. The pooled EQ-5D utility values and visual analog score (VAS) among PD were 62.72% (60.53-64.93, I2 = 99.56%) and 0.60 (0.55-0.65, I2 = 99.81%), respectively. The pooled scores for caregivers' EQ-VAS and EQ-5D utility were 70.10% (63.99-76.20, I2 = 98.25%) and 0.71 (0.61-0.81, I2 = 94.88%), respectively. Disease duration (P < 0.05) showed a negative correlation with EQ-5D utility values on meta-regression. CONCLUSION The pooled utility values of PD and their caregivers help to understand their HRQoL and aid in conducting health economics research. The negative association between disease duration and utility values highlights the evolving nature of HRQoL challenges, suggesting the need for appropriate long-term disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bhavani Shankara Bagepally
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.
- Health Technology Assessment Resource Centre ICMR-NIE, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Ayapakkam, Chennai, 600077, India.
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Sawant R, Paret K, Petrillo J, Koenig A, Wolowacz S, Ronquest N, Rickards H. Health state utility estimates for value assessments of novel treatments in Huntington's disease: a systematic literature review. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2024; 22:33. [PMID: 38627749 PMCID: PMC11020898 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-024-02242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a devastating impact on patients and their families. Quantifying how treatments affect patient outcomes is critical for informing reimbursement decisions. Many countries mandate a formal value assessment in which the treatment benefit is measured as quality-adjusted life-years, calculated with the use of utility estimates that reflect respondents' preferences for health states. OBJECTIVE To summarize published health state utility data in HD and identify gaps and uncertainties in the data available that could be used to inform value assessments. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review of studies that used preference-based instruments (e.g., EQ-5D and SF-6D) to estimate utility values for people with HD. The studies were published between January 2012 and December 2022. RESULTS Of 383 articles screened, 16 articles reported utility values estimated in 11 distinct studies. The utility measure most frequently reported was EQ-5D (9/11 studies). Two studies reported SF-6D data; one used time trade-off methods to value health state descriptions (vignettes). Although utility scores generally worsened to a lower value with increased HD severity, the estimates varied considerably across studies. The EQ-5D index range was 0.89 - 0.72 for mild/prodromal HD and 0.71 - 0.37 for severe/late-stage disease. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovered high variability in published utility estimates, indicating substantial uncertainty in existing data. Further research is needed to better understand preferences and valuation across all stages and domains of HD symptoms and the degree to which generic utility measures capture the impact of cognitive changes on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Sawant
- Sage Therapeutics, Inc, 215 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Kyle Paret
- Health Economics, RTI Health Solutions, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Aaron Koenig
- Sage Therapeutics, Inc, 215 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sorrel Wolowacz
- Health Economics, RTI Health Solutions, The Pavilion, Towers Business Park, Wilmslow Road, Didsbury, Manchester, UK
| | - Naoko Ronquest
- Health Economics, RTI Health Solutions, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Hugh Rickards
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, 32-34 Colmore Circus Queensway, Birmingham, UK
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Mendizabal A, Singh AP, Perlman S, Brown A, Bordelon Y. Disparities in Huntington Disease Severity: Analysis Using the ENROLL-HD Dataset. Neurol Clin Pract 2023; 13:e200200. [PMID: 37795504 PMCID: PMC10547468 DOI: 10.1212/cpj.0000000000200200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Social and structural determinants of health (SDOH) have been associated with disability in neurologic diseases. However, the association between these factors and disability in Huntington disease (HD) has not been studied. This study aimed to evaluate the association of racial and sociodemographic factors with disease severity in patients with HD in North America. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of genetically confirmed participants with HD (36+ CAG repeats) in the North American region using the ENROLL-HD 2020 periodic dataset. In this analysis, our exposure variable was the participant's race/ethnicity. The main outcome measure was disease severity, as measured by the Total Functional Capacity Score (TFC), which measures the level of disability of patients with HD. We used multivariate regression models to adjust for sociodemographic factors that may mediate or moderate a causal effect between race/ethnicity and disease severity. Results Among 4,717 gene-positive participants in the North American region, 89.5% identified as White, 3.4% as Hispanic or Latino, and 2.3% as African American/Black. The average TFC score was 10.22 (SD 3.22); 48% of participants completed either secondary education (including college) or a professional degree, and 55% lived in a city and not in a town, village, or rural location. In multivariate regression models, we found that Black participants and those with less than a high school degree entered the ENROLL-HD study with lower TFC scores than White participants. We also found that compared with those with at least a high school degree, those who completed some form of higher education or professional degree had higher TFC scores (p < 0.001). This multivariate analysis did not find an association between geographic location and TFC score. Discussion Our study found that Black participants in North America presented to ENROLL-HD with more advanced disease than White patients. We also found that higher education was associated with less advanced disease when entering the ENROLL-HD study. The role of race/ethnicity and education in HD symptom severity warrants further investigation. These findings underscore the importance of further studying the role of social and structural determinants of health in patients with HD, particularly those from historically marginalized communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adys Mendizabal
- Department of Neurology (AM, APS, SP, YB), David Geffen School of Medicine; Institute of Society and Genetics (AM); Interdepartmental Undergraduate Neuroscience Program (AM); and Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research (AB), Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA
| | - Alvin P Singh
- Department of Neurology (AM, APS, SP, YB), David Geffen School of Medicine; Institute of Society and Genetics (AM); Interdepartmental Undergraduate Neuroscience Program (AM); and Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research (AB), Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA
| | - Susan Perlman
- Department of Neurology (AM, APS, SP, YB), David Geffen School of Medicine; Institute of Society and Genetics (AM); Interdepartmental Undergraduate Neuroscience Program (AM); and Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research (AB), Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA
| | - Arleen Brown
- Department of Neurology (AM, APS, SP, YB), David Geffen School of Medicine; Institute of Society and Genetics (AM); Interdepartmental Undergraduate Neuroscience Program (AM); and Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research (AB), Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA
| | - Yvette Bordelon
- Department of Neurology (AM, APS, SP, YB), David Geffen School of Medicine; Institute of Society and Genetics (AM); Interdepartmental Undergraduate Neuroscience Program (AM); and Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research (AB), Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA
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Eide S, Misztal M, Feng ZP. Interleukin-6 as a marker of Huntington's disease progression: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 30:100635. [PMID: 37215308 PMCID: PMC10196779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare, inherited disorder with a broad spectrum of manifestations that vary with disease severity and progression. Although genetic testing can readily confirm the initial diagnosis of HD, markers sensitive to HD progression are needed to aid the development of individual treatment plans. The current analysis aims to identify plasma Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a marker of disease progression in HD patients. A systematic search of PubMed and Medline from conception through October 2021 was conducted. Studies reporting plasma IL-6 levels of mutation-positive HD patients and healthy controls that met inclusion criteria were selected. The search strategy collected 303 studies, 9 of which met analysis inclusion criteria. From included studies, plasma IL-6 levels of 469 individuals with the HD mutation and 206 healthy controls were collected. Plasma IL-6 levels were meta-analytically compared between healthy controls and individuals with the confirmed HD mutation at all stages of disease and correlated to performance on standardized measures of total cognitive and motor function. Plasma IL-6 was significantly increased in HD groups compared to controls (g = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.31,1.16, P < 0.01) and increased significantly throughout most stages of disease progression, notably between pre-manifest and manifest (g = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.04,0.59, P < 0.05) and early and moderate HD stages (g = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.18,0.86, P < 0.01). Significant correlations between plasma IL-6 levels and HD symptomatic progression were identified, with increased cytokine levels associated with more severe motor impairments (r = 0.179, 95% CI = 0.0479,0.304, P = 0.008) and more extreme disabilities in activities of daily living and/or work tasks (r = -0.229, 95% CI = -0.334, -0.119, P < 0.001). Conclusively, plasma IL-6 levels correlate with disease and motor symptom progression and may act as a viable marker for clinical use. Analysis is limited by small study numbers and highlights the need for future work to identify definitive ranges or rates of change of plasma IL-6 levels that correlate to progressive HD disease states.
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van Lonkhuizen PJC, Frank W, Heemskerk AW, van Duijn E, de Bot ST, Mühlbäck A, Landwehrmeyer GB, Chavannes NH, Meijer E. Quality of life, health-related quality of life, and associated factors in Huntington's disease: a systematic review. J Neurol 2023; 270:2416-2437. [PMID: 36715747 PMCID: PMC10129943 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease. Due to the progressive nature of HD and the absence of a cure, (health-related) quality of life ((HR)QoL) is an important topic. Several studies have investigated (HR)QoL in HD, yet a clear synthesis of the existing literature is lacking to date. We performed a systematic review on self-reported (HR)QoL, and factors and intervention effects associated with (HR)QoL in premanifest and manifest HD gene expansion carriers (pHDGECs and mHDGECs, respectively). METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO were searched systematically from September 17th, 2021, up to August 11th, 2022. Methodological and conceptual quality of the included studies was assessed with two appraisal tools. RESULTS 30 out of 70 eligible articles were included. mHDGECs experienced lower (HR)QoL compared to pHDGECs and controls, whereas mixed findings were reported when compared to other neurological diseases. Several factors were associated with (HR)QoL that might contribute to lower (HR)QoL in mHDGECs, including depressive symptoms, physical and psychological symptoms, lower functional capacity, lower support, and unmet needs. Multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs and a respiratory muscle training were beneficial for (HR)QoL in mHDGECs. DISCUSSION (HR)QoL is experienced differently across the course of the disease. Although (HR)QoL is key for understanding the impact of HD and the effect of symptomatic treatment, there is a need to improve the methodological and conceptual shortcomings that were found in most studies, especially regarding the conceptual clarity when reporting on QoL and HRQoL. Suggestions for strengthening these shortcomings are provided in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl J C van Lonkhuizen
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,National eHealth Living Lab, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Huntington Center Topaz Overduin, 2225 SX, Katwijk aan Zee, The Netherlands.
| | - Wiebke Frank
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anne-Wil Heemskerk
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Huntington Center Topaz Overduin, 2225 SX, Katwijk aan Zee, The Netherlands
| | - Erik van Duijn
- Huntington Center Topaz Overduin, 2225 SX, Katwijk aan Zee, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne T de Bot
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alzbeta Mühlbäck
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, kbo-Isar-Amper-Klinikum, 84416, Taufkirchen (Vils), Germany.,Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12821, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Niels H Chavannes
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,National eHealth Living Lab, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eline Meijer
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,National eHealth Living Lab, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Willock R, Rickards H, Rosser AE, Haw A, Stanley C, Hossain P, Rodríguez-Santana I, Doherty M, Blair R, Kane W. An Overview of Specialist Services for Huntington's Disease in the United Kingdom. J Huntingtons Dis 2023; 12:363-370. [PMID: 38108355 PMCID: PMC10741324 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-220560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by complex evolving needs that change as the condition progresses. There is limited understanding about the organization of HD clinical services and their resourcing in the United Kingdom (UK). OBJECTIVE To understand the organization and resourcing of specialist HD services for people with HD (PwHD) in the UKMethods:This cross-sectional study collected quantitative data via on online survey, and qualitative data via telephone semi-structured interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to describe quantitative outcomes, and qualitative results were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS A total of 31 specialist services for HD were identified. Of the 27 services that completed the online survey, 23 had an active multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and were led primarily by a mental health trust (26%) or tertiary referral hospital (26%). Specialist services offered outpatient clinics (96%), outreach in the community (74%), telemedicine (70%), inpatient beds (26%) and satellite clinics (26%). Many services indicated that their capacity (ability to see patients as often as needed with current resources) was difficult, with some services reporting more difficulty at the early or later stages of HD. Key resourcing gaps were identified with access to facilities, HCPs and referral networks. CONCLUSIONS This research highlights the variation in organization and capacity within individual HD services as well as current resourcing and gaps in access that influence this capacity. Further research should be done to understand the impact of service organization and current resourcing gaps in access on the quality of care provided for PwHD in the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hugh Rickards
- Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, England, UK
| | - Anne E. Rosser
- Schools of Medicine and Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Alistair Haw
- Scottish Huntington’s Association, Paisley, Scotland, UK
| | - Cath Stanley
- Huntington’s Disease Association, Liverpool, England, UK
| | | | | | | | - Rachel Blair
- Roche Products Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, England, UK
| | - Wendy Kane
- Roche Products Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, England, UK
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Willock R, Rickards H, Rosser AE, Haw A, Stanley C, Hossain P, Rodríguez-Santana I, Doherty M, Blair R, Kane W. An Overview of Specialist Services for Huntington's Disease in the United Kingdom. J Huntingtons Dis 2023; 12:363-370. [PMID: 38108355 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-230560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by complex evolving needs that change as the condition progresses. There is limited understanding about the organization of HD clinical services and their resourcing in the United Kingdom (UK). OBJECTIVE To understand the organization and resourcing of specialist HD services for people with HD (PwHD) in the UKMethods:This cross-sectional study collected quantitative data via on online survey, and qualitative data via telephone semi-structured interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to describe quantitative outcomes, and qualitative results were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS A total of 31 specialist services for HD were identified. Of the 27 services that completed the online survey, 23 had an active multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and were led primarily by a mental health trust (26%) or tertiary referral hospital (26%). Specialist services offered outpatient clinics (96%), outreach in the community (74%), telemedicine (70%), inpatient beds (26%) and satellite clinics (26%). Many services indicated that their capacity (ability to see patients as often as needed with current resources) was difficult, with some services reporting more difficulty at the early or later stages of HD. Key resourcing gaps were identified with access to facilities, HCPs and referral networks. CONCLUSIONS This research highlights the variation in organization and capacity within individual HD services as well as current resourcing and gaps in access that influence this capacity. Further research should be done to understand the impact of service organization and current resourcing gaps in access on the quality of care provided for PwHD in the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hugh Rickards
- Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, England, UK
| | - Anne E Rosser
- Schools of Medicine and Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Alistair Haw
- Scottish Huntington's Association, Paisley, Scotland, UK
| | - Cath Stanley
- Huntington's Disease Association, Liverpool, England, UK
| | | | | | | | - Rachel Blair
- Roche Products Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, England, UK
| | - Wendy Kane
- Roche Products Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, England, UK
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Caregiver Burden in Movement Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Editorial. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091184. [PMID: 36138919 PMCID: PMC9497330 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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