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Rajneesh CP, Hsieh TH, Chen HC, Liou JC, Lin BS, George Wu CW, Lai CH, Peng CW. A time-course study of urodynamic analyses in rat models with dopaminergic depletion induced through unilateral and bilateral 6-hydroxydopamine injections. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:239-248. [PMID: 36180322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder dysfunction is a common non-motor disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study attempted to determine the bladder dysfunction with disease progression in the PD rat model produced from unilateral/bilateral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). METHODS Cystometrographic (CMG) and external urethral sphincter electromyographic (EUS-EMG) measurements were scheduled in a time-course manner to determine the disease timing, onset, and severity. Animals were allotted into normal control, unilateral, bilateral 6-OHDA injected groups and subjected to scheduled CMG, EUS-EMG analyses at weeks 1, 2, and 4. RESULTS The urodynamic results concluded that voiding efficiency (VE) was reduced in both unilateral and bilateral PD rats at all-time points. VE had decreased from 57 ± 11% to 31 ± 7% in unilateral PD rats and in bilateral PD rats, a decreased VE of 20 ± 6% was observed compared to control and unilateral PD rats. The EMG results in unilateral PD rats indicated declines in bursting period (BP) (3.78-2.94 s), active period (AP) (93.38-88.75 ms), and silent period (SP) (161.62-114.30 ms). A sudden reduction was noticed in BP (3.62-2.82 s), AP (92.21-86.01 ms), and SP (128.61-60.16 ms) of bilateral PD rats than in control and unilateral PD rats. Histological evidence exhibited a progressive dopaminergic neurons (DA) depletion in the substantia nigra (SN) region in 6-OHDA lesioned rats. CONCLUSION The experimental outcomes strongly implied that significant variations in bladder function and VE decline were due to the depletion of DA neurons in the SN region of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellappan Praveen Rajneesh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
- School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chou Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chiun Liou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Shing Lin
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City 23741, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei George Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
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Dumitru I, Zorilă MV, Ţolescu RŞ, Racilă L, Pascu CI, Oprica AC, Burghilă DV, Matei L, Vîlcea EJ, Popescu C, Badea-Voiculescu O, Mogoantă L. Experimental model for the study of traumatic brain injury. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY 2021; 61:729-737. [PMID: 33817714 PMCID: PMC8112795 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.61.3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a public healthcare problem and a major economic burden, all over the world. It is estimated that every year, on the globe, there occur about two million severe TBI and over 42 million mild TBI. The main causes of TBI in civil population are fallings, followed by car accidents. In the last decades, the accelerated development of car industry and the poor development of traffic infrastructure in low- and average-income countries led to an increasing number of brain injuries, this becoming a major problem for medical health systems. According to some studies, approximately 1.35 million people die every year because of car accidents. In the last four decades, these types of injuries started to be studied in order to understand the lesion mechanisms for developing new safety equipment that may be installed on vehicles. The device presented by us for causing a TBI in a lab rat (mechanical pendulum) allows the performance of several major types of TBI, according to the kinetic energy, exposure area, contact surface, etc. The impact energies obtained by the device we presented may vary on a large scale, from less than 1 J up to 10 J, according to its weight, launching angle and impact head shape, thus being obtained minor, moderate or severe TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilie Dumitru
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;
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Praveen Rajneesh C, Liou JC, Hsieh TH, Lin JH, Peng CW. The voiding efficiency in rat models with dopaminergic brain lesions induced through unilateral and bilateral intrastriatal injections. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243452. [PMID: 33270757 PMCID: PMC7714362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder dysfunction is a common phenomenon in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. A research attempt was made to analyze the voiding efficiency (VE) and bladder functions in rats with PD induced by unilateral or bilateral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle. PD rats were divided into unilateral- and bilateral-injected groups and subjected to rotation and beam walking tests. Further, the experimental rats underwent cystometric measurements for analyses of bladder dysfunction and VE. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to analyze the dopaminergic neuron depletion on the target area. Outcomes of the rotation and beam walking tests revealed the extent of parkinsonism in the experimental rats. Urodynamic observations denoted that rats with unilateral PD exhibited a significantly decreased VE (from 68.3±3.5% to 32.7±5.8%), while rats with bilateral PD displayed a much-reduced and substantially lower level of VE of 18.3±5.1% compared to the control value and to that of rats with unilateral PD. Rats with bilateral PD showed more-extensive behavioral deficits and urodynamic changes than did rats with unilateral PD. These significant changes in motor, behavioral, bladder function and VE were due to an extensive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region on both sides of the brain. The obtained results were substantiated with appropriate immunohistochemical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellappan Praveen Rajneesh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chiun Liou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hong Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Efficacy of Deep Brain Stimulation on the Improvement of the Bladder Functions in Traumatic Brain Injured Rats. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10110850. [PMID: 33198259 PMCID: PMC7698168 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10110850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a prime public health challenge with a high incidence of mortality, and also reflect severe economic impacts. One of their severe symptoms is bladder dysfunction. Conventional therapeutic methods are not effective in managing bladder dysfunction. Henceforth, a research endeavor was attempted to explore a new therapeutic approach for bladder dysfunction through deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedures in a TBI animal model. Methods: TBI in this animal model was induced by the weight-drop method. All rats with an induced TBI were housed for 4 weeks to allow severe bladder dysfunction to develop. Subsequently, an initial urodynamic measurement, the simultaneous recording of cystometric (CMG) and external urethral sphincter electromyography (EUS-EMG) activity was conducted to evaluate bladder function. Further, standard DBS procedures with varying electrical stimulation parameters were executed in the target area of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg). Simultaneously, urodynamic measurements were re-established to compare the effects of DBS interventions on bladder functions. Results: From the variable combinations of electrical stimulation, DBS at 50 Hz and 2.0 V, significantly reverted the voiding efficiency from 39% to 69% in TBI rats. Furthermore, MRI studies revealed the precise localization of the DBS electrode in the target area. Conclusions: The results we obtained showed an insightful understanding of PPTg-DBS and its therapeutic applications in alleviating bladder dysfunction in rats with a TBI. Hence, the present study suggests that PPTg-DBS is an effective therapeutic strategy for treating bladder dysfunction.
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Designing and Implementing an Implantable Wireless Micromanometer System for Real-Time Bladder Pressure Monitoring: A Preliminary Study. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20164610. [PMID: 32824415 PMCID: PMC7472397 DOI: 10.3390/s20164610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many mini-implantable devices have been developed and fabricated for diagnostic and treatment purposes. Wireless implantable biomicrosystems provide a desirable approach for long-term physiological signal monitoring. In this study, we implemented a wireless implantable biomicrosystem for bladder-cavity pressure measurements in a freely moving rabbit. To manage the power more effectively, a magnetic reed switch was applied to turn on/off the implantable module using a neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnet. The measured bladder pressure signal was wirelessly transmitted from the implantable module to a host unit. Our results indicated that the implantable biomicrosystem exhibited satisfactory performance and safety, as evidenced by an error percentage of less than ±1% for pressure measurements and less than 2 °C of a temperature rise under normal operation. The wireless biomicrosystem was implanted into the bladder cavity of a rabbit. Bladder pressure was simultaneously measured by both the biomicrosystem and conventional cystometry in the animal. The two signals were similar during the voiding phase, with a correlation coefficient of 0.885. Additionally, the biomicrosystem coated with polydimethylsiloxane in this study showed no cytotoxicity, which confirmed its biocompatibility. In conclusion, we demonstrated a good biocompatible wireless biomicrosystem which showed good reproducibility with respect to pressure monitoring by conventional cystometry. Further studies are needed to confirm the results of this preliminary feasibility study for actual clinical applications.
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