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Yeh CH, Praveen Rajneesh C, Liao CH, You WC, Chen KC, Wu YN, Chiang HS. Chlorogenic Acid Intravesical Therapy Changes Acute Voiding Behavior of Systemic Lipopolysaccharide Inflammation-Induced Cystitis Bladder in Mice. Toxics 2024; 12:239. [PMID: 38668463 PMCID: PMC11053829 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the potential efficacy of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in mitigating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cystitis in a mice model. C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: normal control (NC), LPS, LPS + low CGA, and LPS + high CGA. Evaluation methods included cystometrogram (CMG), histopathological, western blot, and immunohistological analysis. In the LPS group, CMG revealed abnormal voiding behavior with increased micturition pressure, voided volume (VV), and decreased voided frequency. Low CGA treatment in LPS mice demonstrated improved micturition pressure and inter-contraction intervals (ICI). However, high CGA treatment exhibited prolonged ICI and increased VV, suggesting potential adverse effects. Histological analysis of LPS-treated mice displayed bladder inflammation and interstitial edema. Low CGA treatment reduced interstitial edema and bladder inflammation, confirmed by Masson's trichrome staining. Western blotting revealed increased cytokeratin 20 (K20) expression in the low CGA group, indicating structural abnormalities in the bladder umbrella layer after LPS administration. In conclusion, low CGA treatment positively impacted voiding behavior and decreased bladder edema and inflammation in the LPS-induced cystitis mice model, suggesting its potential as a supplement for inflammation cystitis prevention. However, high CGA treatment exhibited adverse effects, emphasizing the importance of dosage considerations in therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsin Yeh
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 111045, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (C.-H.L.); (W.-C.Y.); (K.-C.C.)
| | - Chellappan Praveen Rajneesh
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (C.-H.L.); (W.-C.Y.); (K.-C.C.)
| | - Chun-Hou Liao
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (C.-H.L.); (W.-C.Y.); (K.-C.C.)
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 231403, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chen You
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (C.-H.L.); (W.-C.Y.); (K.-C.C.)
| | - Kuo-Chiang Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (C.-H.L.); (W.-C.Y.); (K.-C.C.)
- Department of Urology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei City 106438, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (C.-H.L.); (W.-C.Y.); (K.-C.C.)
| | - Han-Sun Chiang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 231403, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan
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Tai HC, Tsai WK, Chang ML, Praveen Rajneesh C, Tseng XW, Hsu WC, Wu YN, Chiang HS. Intracavernous injection of platelet-rich plasma reverses erectile dysfunction of chronic cavernous nerve degeneration through reduction of prostate hyperplasia evidence from an aging-induced erectile dysfunction rat model. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22826. [PMID: 36856608 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201443r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Age-induced erectile dysfunction (ED) is a convoluted medical condition, and restoring erectile function (EF) under geriatric conditions is highly complicated. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment is an inexpensive cell-based therapeutic strategy. We have aimed to restore EF in aged-ED rats with PRP as a therapeutic tool. Male rats were grouped into aged and young according to age. The young rats were considered as normal control (NC) and treated with saline. Aged were further divided into 2 groups and treated with intracavernous (IC) PRP and saline. Treatment was scheduled at the 9th and 10th week for NC and 41th and 42th week for aged-ED rats, with EF analysis scheduled on the 12th week for NC and 44th week for aged-ED rats, respectively. Erectile response, immunofluorescence staining, and electron microscopic analyses were performed. IC PRP treatment effectively reduced prostate hyperplasia (PH). EF response indicated a significant increase in crucial EF parameters in PRP-treated aged-ED rats. Histological evidence denoted a rigid and restored development of tunica adventitia of the dorsal artery, decreased vacuolation of the dorsal penile nerve, and structural expansion of the epineurium. Masson's trichrome and immunostaining results affirmed an elevated expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the corpus cavernosum (CC). Ultrastructure findings revealed that PRP effectively rejuvenated degenerating nerves, preserved endothelium and adherent junctions of corporal smooth muscle, and restored the axonal scaffolds by upregulating neurofilament-H (NF-H) expression. Finally, PRP enhanced neural stability by enhancing the axonal remyelination processes in aged-ED rats. Hence, PRP treatment was proven to restore EF in aged-ED rats, which was considered a safe, novel, cost-effective, and hassle-free strategy for EF restoration in geriatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Ching Tai
- Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kung Tsai
- Department of Urology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Lin Chang
- Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | - Xiao-Wen Tseng
- Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Han-Sun Chiang
- Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Rajneesh CP, Hsieh TH, Chen HC, Liou JC, Lin BS, George Wu CW, Lai CH, Peng CW. A time-course study of urodynamic analyses in rat models with dopaminergic depletion induced through unilateral and bilateral 6-hydroxydopamine injections. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:239-248. [PMID: 36180322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder dysfunction is a common non-motor disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study attempted to determine the bladder dysfunction with disease progression in the PD rat model produced from unilateral/bilateral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). METHODS Cystometrographic (CMG) and external urethral sphincter electromyographic (EUS-EMG) measurements were scheduled in a time-course manner to determine the disease timing, onset, and severity. Animals were allotted into normal control, unilateral, bilateral 6-OHDA injected groups and subjected to scheduled CMG, EUS-EMG analyses at weeks 1, 2, and 4. RESULTS The urodynamic results concluded that voiding efficiency (VE) was reduced in both unilateral and bilateral PD rats at all-time points. VE had decreased from 57 ± 11% to 31 ± 7% in unilateral PD rats and in bilateral PD rats, a decreased VE of 20 ± 6% was observed compared to control and unilateral PD rats. The EMG results in unilateral PD rats indicated declines in bursting period (BP) (3.78-2.94 s), active period (AP) (93.38-88.75 ms), and silent period (SP) (161.62-114.30 ms). A sudden reduction was noticed in BP (3.62-2.82 s), AP (92.21-86.01 ms), and SP (128.61-60.16 ms) of bilateral PD rats than in control and unilateral PD rats. Histological evidence exhibited a progressive dopaminergic neurons (DA) depletion in the substantia nigra (SN) region in 6-OHDA lesioned rats. CONCLUSION The experimental outcomes strongly implied that significant variations in bladder function and VE decline were due to the depletion of DA neurons in the SN region of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellappan Praveen Rajneesh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
- School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chou Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chiun Liou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Shing Lin
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City 23741, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei George Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
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Chen KC, Chang ML, Lin CS, Rajneesh CP, Liao CH, You WC, Maa HC, Wu YN. Insight into SLC9A3 deficiency-mediated micturition dysfunction caused by electrolyte imbalance. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114155. [PMID: 36916397 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solute carrier family nine isoform 3 (SLC9A3) is an Na+/H+ exchanger that regulates Ca2+ homeostasis. SLC9A3 is largely involved in the transepithelial absorption of Na+/H+ and frequently functions in pair with a Cl-/HCO3- exchanger. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact and pathophysiological mechanisms of long-term SLC9A3 deficiency on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in a mouse model MATERIALS AND METHODS: Slc9a3 knockout and wild-type mice (average >6 months) were used. The effects of SLC9A3 depletion on bladder and urethral functions and effectiveness of voiding were assessed using a cystometrogram (CMG). Histology, blood electrolytes, and gene expression were also analyzed. RESULTS The SLC9A3-deficient mice had smaller gross bladders than the wild-type mice. The CMG analysis revealed normal peak micturition pressure, higher threshold pressure, short intercontraction interval, less voided volume, and poor compliance in the SLC9A3-deficient mice, similar to clinical LUTS. Histological analysis revealed loose detrusor muscle and loss of transformability of the urothelium in the SLC9A3-deficient mice. Masson's trichrome analysis revealed severe collagen deposition in the detrusor muscle. Immunofluorescence staining also demonstrated a significant decrease in cytokeratins 5 and 20. Gene and protein expression analyses confirmed that SLC9A3 does not act directly on bladder tissue. Homeostasis was correlated with bladder dysfunction in the SLC9A3-deficient mice. DISCUSSION Fibrosis and collagen deposition in the bladder of the SLC9A3-deficient mice is due to bladder inflammation because of decreased blood flow and deregulated systemic homeostasis. Long-term SLC9A3 depletion causes progressive bladder dysfunction, similar to human LUTS. CONCLUSION Electrolyte imbalance causes SLC9A3 deficiency-mediated progressive micturition dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chiang Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei City 106438, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Lin Chang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Sian Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | | | - Chun-Hou Liao
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 231403, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chen You
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chune Maa
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 231403, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-No Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan.
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Chung SD, Praveen Rajneesh C, Chen KC, Tai HC, Chang ML, Tseng XW, Cheng JH, Tsai WK, Chiang HS, Wu YN. Specific Impacts of Ketamine on Bladder Dysfunction and Associated Histological Alterations in Rats-A Time Course Validation through Transmission Electron Microscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042194. [PMID: 35216309 PMCID: PMC8878520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the specific effects of ketamine on bladder function followed by a sequence of histological changes in a rat bladder at fixed time course intervals. The rats were grouped into normal control and experimental animals, and ketamine (100 mg/kg/day) was administrated to the experimental animals for 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively; similarly, the control animals received saline. All animals were evaluated for bladder function and histological responses to the treatment. Ultrastructural changes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed progressive bladder dysfunctions with hyperactive bladder conditions according to the time course and frequency of exposure to ketamine. Significantly, decreased inter contraction intervals, residual urine volume, peak micturition pressure, and increased micturition frequency were observed. Bladder histology results revealed substantial inflammation and comprehensive submucosa edema in week 2 and 4 rats along with fibrosis and significant bladder detrusor hypertrophy in week 8 rats. TEM analysis revealed bladder wall thickening, deformed blood vessels, detrusor hypertrophy, wobbled gap junction, and barrier dysfunction at different time course levels in experimental animals. These results provided a profound knowledge about the prognosis and step-by-step pathophysiology of the disease, which might help in developing new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Dong Chung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, College of Healthcare & Management, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
- Graduate Insitute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan
| | - Chellappan Praveen Rajneesh
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (K.-C.C.); (H.-C.T.); (M.-L.C.)
| | - Kuo-Chiang Chen
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (K.-C.C.); (H.-C.T.); (M.-L.C.)
- Department of Urology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Ching Tai
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (K.-C.C.); (H.-C.T.); (M.-L.C.)
- Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Lin Chang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (K.-C.C.); (H.-C.T.); (M.-L.C.)
- Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Xiao-Wen Tseng
- Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Jai-Hong Cheng
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Leisure and Sports Management, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kung Tsai
- Department of Urology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 104, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei City 11260, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Han-Sun Chiang
- Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Wu
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (K.-C.C.); (H.-C.T.); (M.-L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2905-6442
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Praveen Rajneesh C, Liou JC, Hsieh TH, Lin JH, Peng CW. The voiding efficiency in rat models with dopaminergic brain lesions induced through unilateral and bilateral intrastriatal injections. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243452. [PMID: 33270757 PMCID: PMC7714362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder dysfunction is a common phenomenon in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. A research attempt was made to analyze the voiding efficiency (VE) and bladder functions in rats with PD induced by unilateral or bilateral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle. PD rats were divided into unilateral- and bilateral-injected groups and subjected to rotation and beam walking tests. Further, the experimental rats underwent cystometric measurements for analyses of bladder dysfunction and VE. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to analyze the dopaminergic neuron depletion on the target area. Outcomes of the rotation and beam walking tests revealed the extent of parkinsonism in the experimental rats. Urodynamic observations denoted that rats with unilateral PD exhibited a significantly decreased VE (from 68.3±3.5% to 32.7±5.8%), while rats with bilateral PD displayed a much-reduced and substantially lower level of VE of 18.3±5.1% compared to the control value and to that of rats with unilateral PD. Rats with bilateral PD showed more-extensive behavioral deficits and urodynamic changes than did rats with unilateral PD. These significant changes in motor, behavioral, bladder function and VE were due to an extensive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region on both sides of the brain. The obtained results were substantiated with appropriate immunohistochemical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellappan Praveen Rajneesh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chiun Liou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hong Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Praveen Rajneesh C, Hsieh TH, Chen SC, Lai CH, Yang LY, Chin HY, Peng CW. Deep Brain Stimulation of the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Renders Neuroprotection through the Suppression of Hippocampal Apoptosis: An Experimental Animal Study. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10010025. [PMID: 31906559 PMCID: PMC7016688 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The core objective of this study was to determine the neuroprotective properties of deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus on the apoptosis of the hippocampus. The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus is a prime target for Parkinson′s disease and is a crucial component in a feedback loop connected with the hippocampus. Deep brain stimulation was employed as a potential tool to evaluate the neuroprotective properties of hippocampal apoptosis. Deep brain stimulation was applied to the experimental animals for an hour. Henceforth, the activity of Caspase-3, myelin basic protein, Bcl-2, BAX level, lipid peroxidation, interleukin-6 levels, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were evaluated at hours 1, 3 and 6 and compared with the sham group of animals. Herein, decreased levels of caspases activity and elevated levels of Bcl-2 expressions and inhibited BAX expressions were observed in experimental animals at the aforementioned time intervals. Furthermore, the ratio of Bcl-2/BAX was increased, and interleukin -6, lipid peroxidation levels were not affected by deep brain stimulation in the experimental animals. These affirmative results have explained the neuroprotection rendered by hippocampus apoptosis as a result of deep brain stimulation. Deep brain stimulation is widely used to manage neuro-motor disorders. Nevertheless, this novel study will be a revelation for a better understanding of neuromodulatory management and encourage further research with new dimensions in the field of neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellappan Praveen Rajneesh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (L.-Y.Y.)
| | - Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ching Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yu Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (L.-Y.Y.)
| | - Hung-Yen Chin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei-11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.P.R.); (L.-Y.Y.)
- Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3070)
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Praveen Rajneesh C, Yang LY, Chen SC, Hsieh TH, Chin HY, Peng CW. Cystometric Measurements in Rats with an Experimentally Induced Traumatic Brain Injury and Voiding Dysfunction: A Time-Course Study. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9110325. [PMID: 31739594 PMCID: PMC6895874 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a serious public health issue worldwide with increased mortality as well as severe disabilities and injuries caused by falls and road accidents. Unfortunately, there is no approved therapy for TBIs, and bladder dysfunction is a striking symptom. Accordingly, we attempted to analyze bladder dysfunction and voiding efficiency in rats with a TBI at different time-course intervals. Time-dependent analyses were scheduled from the next day until four weeks after a TBI. Experimental animals were grouped and analyzed under the above conditions. Cystometric measurements were used for this analysis and were further elaborated as external urethral sphincter electromyographic (EUS-EMG) activity and cystometrogram (CMG) measurements. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies were conducted to investigate secondary injury progression in TBI rats, and results were compared to normal control (NC) rats. Results of EUS-EMG revealed that the burst period, active period, and silent period in TBI rats were drastically reduced compared to NC rats, but they increased later and reached a stagnant phase. Likewise, in CMG measurements, bladder function, the voided volume, and voiding efficiency decreased immediately after the TBI, and other parameters like the volume threshold, inter-contraction interval, and residual volume drastically increased. Later, those levels changed, and all observed results were compared to NC rats. MRI results revealed the prevalence of cerebral edema and the progression of secondary injury. All of the above-stated results of the experiments were extensively substantiated. Thus, these innovative findings of our study model will surely pave the way for new therapeutic interventions for TBI treatment and prominently highlight their applications in the field of neuroscience in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellappan Praveen Rajneesh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei-11031, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yu Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei-11031, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ching Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei-11031, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei-11031, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan-33302, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou-33305, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yen Chin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei-11031, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei-11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei-11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei-11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3070)
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Rajneesh CP, Manimaran A, Sasikala KR, Adaikappan P. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in patients with breast cancer. Singapore Med J 2008; 49:640-643. [PMID: 18756349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study was undertaken to evaluate the status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants as biomarkers in human plasma. METHODS The extent of lipid peroxidation as evidenced by the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and conjugated dienes (CD) as well as the status of the antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in serum samples of 40 breast cancer patients in and around Coimbatore, India, were studied. Controls consisted of members of the public with no previous history of breast cancer or other cancer-related diseases. RESULTS The plasma samples of the breast cancer patients showed enhanced level of lipid peroxidation when compared to the corresponding controls. This was accompanied by a significant elevation in both enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants. CONCLUSION These findings indicate the significant increase in lipid peroxidation as evidenced by the level of TBARS and antioxidant status such as elevated SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH and GST in samples from breast cancer patients compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Rajneesh
- Department of Zoology, Human Genetics Research Facility, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
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