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Jamy OH, Kasner M, Wall S, Ingram S, Dent D'A, Dudley WN, Dudley L, Scott JM, Wujcik D. Integrating electronic geriatric assessment and frailty screening for adults with acute myeloid leukemia to drive personalized treatment decisions. Leuk Res 2023; 134:107393. [PMID: 37801913 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidenced based guidelines for patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) acknowledge increasing importance of frailty assessment when deciding on treatment, yet comprehensive geriatric assessment (GA) results are not easily incorporated into clinic workflows and the electronic health record. This study assessed the feasibility of electronic GA use in a real-world environment. METHODS Patients with AML, ≥ 60 years and at a treatment decision-making point were recruited at three academic institutions. An electronic GA (eGA) was completed by patients prior to starting treatment. Results were immediately available on a dashboard. Data on feasibility, useability and acceptability of the intervention were collected immediately after the clinical visit. Patients completed follow up surveys at 3 months and chart reviews were done to capture treatment and toxicities. RESULTS 77 patients were enrolled with a median age of 71 years (range=61-88). The eGA results were 25 fit (31.0 %), 22 (32.0 %) intermediate, and 23 (31.0 %) frail. There was 62.7 % (n = 47) provider concordance with the eGA result and 27 (36.0 %) post visit reports indicated that the eGA results influenced the treatment decision. On average, patients completed the surveys unassisted in 16.24 min and providers reviewed the dashboard in 3.5 min. CONCLUSION Patients easily completed an eGA prior to starting treatment. Results were reviewed by the physician and considered in the decision for optimal treatment. One third of physician reports indicated the results were used to inform the treatment decision. Feasibility of completing the eGA in the clinic without workflow disruption and utility of the results was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Hassan Jamy
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Margaret Kasner
- Chief Leukemia Section, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and HSCT, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sarah Wall
- Division of Hematology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Stacey Ingram
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - D 'Ambra Dent
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - William N Dudley
- Piedmont Research Strategies, Inc, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Leah Dudley
- Piedmont Research Strategies, Inc, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Julie M Scott
- Director of Clinical Operations, Carevive Systems, Inc, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Debra Wujcik
- Director of Research, Carevive Systems, Inc, Miami, FL, United States.
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Venditti A, Cairoli R, Caira M, Finsinger P, Finocchiaro F, Neri B, De Benedittis D, Rossi G, Ferrara F. Assessing eligibility for treatment in acute myeloid leukemia in 2023. Expert Rev Hematol 2023; 16:181-190. [PMID: 36876439 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2023.2185603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Age has historically been considered the main criterion to determine eligibility for intensive chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but age alone can no longer be considered an absolute indicator in determining which patients should be defined as unfit. Assessment of fitness for a given treatment today serves an important role in tailoring therapeutic options. AREAS COVERED This review examines the main options used in real life to define eligibility for intensive and nonintensive chemotherapy in patients with AML, with a main focus on the Italian SIE/SIES/GITMO Consensus Criteria. Other published real-life experiences are also reviewed, analyzing the correlation between these criteria and short-term mortality, and thus expected outcomes. EXPERT OPINION Assessment of fitness is mandatory at diagnosis to tailor treatment to the greatest degree possible, evaluating the patient's individual profile. This is especially relevant when considering the availability of newer, less toxic therapeutic regimens, which have shown promising results in patients with AML who are older or considered unfit for intensive treatment. Fitness assessment is now a fundamental part of AML management and a critical step that can potentially influence outcomes and not just predict them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Venditti
- Ematologia, Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Cairoli
- Dipartimento Ematologia, Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda-Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Morena Caira
- Medical Department, AbbVie srl, Campoverde di Aprilia, Latina, Italy
| | - Paola Finsinger
- Medical Department, AbbVie srl, Campoverde di Aprilia, Latina, Italy
| | - Fabio Finocchiaro
- Medical Department, AbbVie srl, Campoverde di Aprilia, Latina, Italy
| | - Benedetta Neri
- Medical Department, AbbVie srl, Campoverde di Aprilia, Latina, Italy
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Prognosis of older patients with newly diagnosed AML undergoing antileukemic therapy: A systematic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278578. [PMID: 36469519 PMCID: PMC9721486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The prognostic value of age and other non-hematological factors in predicting outcomes in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing antileukemic therapy is not well understood. We performed a systematic review to determine the association between these factors and mortality and health-related quality of life or fatigue among these patients. METHODS We searched Medline and Embase through October 2021 for studies in which researchers quantified the relationship between age, comorbidities, frailty, performance status, or functional status; and mortality and health-related quality of life or fatigue in older patients with AML receiving antileukemic therapy. We assessed the risk of bias of the included studies using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool, conducted random-effects meta-analyses, and assessed the quality of the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. RESULTS We included 90 studies. Meta-analysis showed that age (per 5-year increase, HR 1.16 95% CI 1.11-1.21, high-quality evidence), comorbidities (Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-specific Comorbidity Index: 3+ VS less than 3, HR 1.60 95% CI 1.31-1.95, high-quality evidence), and performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group/ World Health Organization (ECOG/WHO): 2+ VS less than 2, HR 1.63 95% CI 1.43-1.86, high-quality evidence; ECOG/WHO: 3+ VS less than 3, HR 2.00 95% CI 1.52-2.63, moderate-quality evidence) were associated with long-term mortality. These studies provided inconsistent and non-informative results on short-term mortality (within 90 days) and quality of life. CONCLUSION High-quality or moderate-quality evidence support that age, comorbidities, performance status predicts the long-term prognosis of older patients with AML undergoing antileukemic treatment.
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How Genetics Can Drive Initial Therapy Choices for Older Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2022; 23:1086-1103. [PMID: 35687257 PMCID: PMC9898635 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-022-00991-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Treatment of older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is challenging. Therapy decisions must be guided by multiple factors including aging-related conditions (e.g., comorbidities, functional impairment), therapy benefits and risks, patient preferences, and disease characteristics. Balancing these factors requires understanding the unique, and frequently higher-risk cytogenetic and molecular characteristics of AML in older adult populations, which should caution providers not to reduce therapy intensity on the basis of age alone. Instead, geriatric assessments should be employed to determine fitness for therapy. Treatment options in AML are increasingly targeted to specific mutations or recognized to have differential benefits on the basis of genomics, and representation of older adults and geriatric outcome reporting in clinical trials is improving. Additionally, newer studies have begun to explore personalized therapy strategies on the basis of initial genetic testing. Review and refinement of practice guidelines for older patients on the basis of these advances is needed and is anticipated to remain an important topic in ongoing hematology/oncology clinical education.
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Wen X, Li R, Zhang X, Zhai J, Yang S, Wang Y, Tan Y, Xu Z, Yang L, Zhang R. Early platelet elevation after complete remission as a prognostic marker of favourable outcomes in favourable- and intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukaemia: A retrospective study. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24221. [PMID: 34979042 PMCID: PMC8841180 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Platelet (PLT) recovery after chemotherapy is associated with the prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). This study aimed to explore the prognostic significance of early high PLT values in patients with de novo non‐M3 AML who achieved first complete remission (CR). Methods A total of 206 patients with de novo non‐M3 AML were analysed in this retrospective study. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal PLT cut‐off. The overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) were assessed using Kaplan‐Meier and Cox regression analyses. Results 312×109/L was confined as the cut‐off of the PLT count. The estimated 3‐year OS of patients with high PLT was higher than that of their counterparts (72.3% vs. 34.6%, p = 0.001). In subgroup analysis, patients with high PLT had better OS in the favourable‐ and intermediate‐risk (non‐adverse‐risk) AML (p = 0.001). The estimated 3‐year RFS for the high and low PLT groups was 75.1% and 45.7% respectively (p = 0.078). Multivariate analyses revealed that high PLT count was an independent favourable variable for OS (HR = 0.264, p < 0.001) and RFS (HR = 0.375, p = 0.011) in the non‐adverse‐risk group. Conclusion Our results showed that early high PLT count recovery at first CR in non‐adverse‐risk AML patients is a positive prognostic marker for survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruoqi Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xialin Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences,Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiahong Zhai
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Suxia Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yaozi Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanhong Tan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Linhua Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruijuan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences,Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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Zhang C, Wan W, Zhang S, Wang J, Feng R, Li J, Chai J, Zhou H, Wang L, Zhong Y, Mo X, Shen M, Jing H, Liu H. Treatment patterns and a prognostic scoring system for elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients: a retrospective multicenter cohort study in China. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 19:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0474. [PMID: 34448555 PMCID: PMC9257316 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is primarily a malignant disorder affecting the elderly. We aimed to compare the outcomes of different treatment patterns in elderly AML patients and to propose a prognostic scoring system that could predict survival and aid therapeutic decisions. METHODS Patients aged ≥ 60 years who had been diagnosed with AML at 7 hospitals in China were enrolled (n = 228). Treatment patterns included standard chemotherapy, low intensity therapy, and best supportive care (BSC). RESULTS The early mortality rates were 31%, 6.8%, and 6.3% for the BSC, low intensity therapy, and standard chemotherapy groups, respectively. The complete remission rate of the standard chemotherapy group was higher than that of the low intensity therapy group. The median overall survival (OS) was 561 days and 222 days for the standard chemotherapy and low intensity therapy groups, respectively, and were both longer than that of the BSC group (86 days). Based on multivariate analyses, we defined a prognostic scoring system that enabled classification of patients into 3 risk groups, in an attempt to predict the OS of patients receiving chemotherapies and low intensity therapies. Low and intermediate risk patients benefited more from standard chemotherapies than from low intensity therapies. However, the median OS was comparable between standard chemotherapies and low intensity therapies in high risk patients. CONCLUSIONS Our prognostic scoring system could predict survival and help select appropriate therapies for elderly AML patients. Standard chemotherapy is important for elderly AML patients, particularly for those categorized into low and intermediate risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Wan
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ru Feng
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Junyue Chai
- Department of Hematology, Beijing No. 6 Hospital, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Hebing Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Liru Wang
- Department of Hematology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yuping Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Xiaodong Mo
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Mengzhu Shen
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hongmei Jing
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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7
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Cortes JE, Mehta P. Determination of fitness and therapeutic options in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:493-507. [PMID: 33368536 PMCID: PMC7986910 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of older patients with AML remains challenging. Although age, performance status, and comorbidities are commonly employed to determine fitness for intensive treatment, several studies have demonstrated improved outcomes with treatment in older and classically unfit patients, highlighting the importance of other disease-related and patient-related factors that have prognostic value for treatment outcome in AML. However, consistent and objective assessments for fitness are lacking. Multi-parameter geriatric assessment tools offer more comprehensive evaluation, but are limited by the required resources and lack of standardization and consensus regarding prognostic value. These assessments are particularly important considering the emerging new AML therapies that represent a spectrum of intensities. Patients should therefore be evaluated holistically for fitness to receive a specific treatment, with the aim of providing individualized care, and such definitions of fitness should also consistently be applied to clinical trials. This review will examine evolving criteria for the determination of fitness among AML patients and discuss treatment options for older and/or unfit patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E. Cortes
- Georgia Cancer Center Augusta University Augusta Georgia USA
| | - Priyanka Mehta
- Department of Haematology University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust Bristol UK
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Loh KP, Abdallah M, Kadambi S, Wells M, Kumar AJ, Mendler J, Liesveld J, Wittink M, O’Dwyer K, Becker MW, McHugh C, Stock W, Majhail NS, Wildes TM, Duberstein P, Mohile SG, Klepin HD. Treatment decision-making in acute myeloid leukemia: a qualitative study of older adults and community oncologists. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:387-398. [PMID: 33040623 PMCID: PMC7878016 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1832662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the characteristics of patients, physicians, and organizations that influence treatment decisions in older patients with AML. We conducted qualitative interviews with community oncologists and older patients with AML to elicit factors that influence their treatment decision-making. Recruitment was done via purposive sampling and continued until theoretical saturation was reached, resulting in the inclusion of 15 patients and 15 oncologists. Participants' responses were analyzed using directed content analysis. Oncologists and patients considered comorbidities, functional status, emotional health, cognition, and social factors when deciding treatment; most oncologists evaluated these using clinical gestalt. Sixty-seven percent of patients perceived that treatment was their only option and that they had not been offered a choice. In conclusion, treatment decision-making is complex and influenced by patient-related factors. These factors can be assessed as part of a geriatric assessment which can help oncologists better determine fitness and guide treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Poh Loh
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Maya Abdallah
- Department of Medicine, Sections of Geriatrics and Hematology/Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, , Massachusetts
| | - Sindhuja Kadambi
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Megan Wells
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | | | - Jason Mendler
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Jane Liesveld
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Marsha Wittink
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Kristen O’Dwyer
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Michael W. Becker
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Colin McHugh
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Wendy Stock
- The University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Navneet S. Majhail
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Tanya M. Wildes
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Supriya Gupta Mohile
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Heidi D. Klepin
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC
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Okoli GN, Stirling M, Racovitan F, Lam OL, Reddy VK, Copstein L, Hsu T, Abou-Setta AM, Dawe DE. Integration of geriatric assessment into clinical oncology practice: A scoping review. Curr Probl Cancer 2021; 45:100699. [PMID: 33468334 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2020.100699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Sixty percent of newly diagnosed cancers occur in older adults and more complex planning is required to sustain quality care for older populations. Individualized care incorporating geriatric assessment can predict early mortality and treatment toxicity for older cancer patients. We mapped and summarized the available evidence on the integration of geriatric assessment into clinical oncology practice, and ascertained which domains have been implemented. We systematically searched bibliographic databases and trial registries for reports of clinical studies, clinical practice guidelines, systematic and non-systematic reviews, and grey literature published in English. We gathered data on study characteristics, geriatric domains and strategies evaluated, and relevant study objectives and findings. From a total of 10,124 identified citations, 38 articles met our eligibility criteria, 3 of which were clinical practice guidelines. Nearly half of these articles came from the United States. Domains of the geriatric assessment implemented in studies ranged from 1 to 12, with varied combinations. We identified 27 studies on strategies for implementing geriatric assessment and 24 studies on feasibility of implementing geriatric assessment, into clinical oncology practice. We also identified 3 main geriatric assessment models: 2 from the United States and 1 from Australia. Furthermore, we identified 2 reviews that reported varied components of geriatric assessment models. There is increasingly robust evidence to implement formal geriatric assessment in oncology practice. There remains a great deal of variation in the tools recommended to address each of the domains in a geriatric assessment, with only 1 guideline (American Society of Clinical Oncology guideline) settling on a specific best practice. Protocol registration: Open Science Framework osf.io/mec93.
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Affiliation(s)
- George N Okoli
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Florentin Racovitan
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Otto Lt Lam
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Viraj K Reddy
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Leslie Copstein
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Tina Hsu
- The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed M Abou-Setta
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - David E Dawe
- CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Jillella AP, Cortes JE, Kota VK. Optimizing management of acute leukemia in community centers and when to refer. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2020; 2020:123-128. [PMID: 33275676 PMCID: PMC7727530 DOI: 10.1182/hematology.2020000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of acute leukemia has been delivered predominantly in academic and larger leukemia treatment centers with the infrastructure and staff needed to manage patients receiving complex therapeutic regimens and supportive care. However, in recent years, several oral agents and less-myelosuppressive regimens were approved, making it possible for these patients to receive therapy in smaller community hospitals and oncology office practices. In this review, we discuss the optimum community setting, type of patient who can be treated, agents that can be applied, and an appropriate clinical circumstance in which a referral to a tertiary center should be made.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge E Cortes
- Georgia Cancer Center at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Vamsi K Kota
- Georgia Cancer Center at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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11
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Relias V, McBride A, Newman MJ, Paul S, Saneeymehri S, Stanislaus G, Tobin J, Hoang CJ, Ryan JC, Galinsky I. Glasdegib plus low-dose cytarabine for acute myeloid leukemia: Practical considerations from advanced practitioners and pharmacists. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2020; 27:658-672. [PMID: 33215562 PMCID: PMC8008421 DOI: 10.1177/1078155220973737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is primarily a disease of older adults. These patients may not be candidates for intensive treatment, and there has been an ongoing need for treatment options for this group. We review the use of glasdegib, a hedgehog-pathway inhibitor available for use in combination with low-dose cytarabine (LDAC). Data Sources: PubMed and relevant congress abstracts were searched using the term “glasdegib”. In addition, based on our experience with glasdegib, we considered treatment aspects of particular relevance to pharmacists and advanced practitioners. Data Summary: In a randomized phase II study, the combination of glasdegib plus LDAC demonstrated superior overall survival versus LDAC alone (hazard ratio 0.51, 80% confidence interval 0.39–0.67, p = 0.0004). The trial reported adverse events (AEs) of special relevance for older patients, such as hematologic events, gastrointestinal toxicity, and fatigue, as well as AEs associated with Hh-pathway inhibitors (alopecia, muscle spasms, dysgeusia). Educating patients about typical AEs can facilitate adherence as well as early AE identification and proactive management. For LDAC, which is a long-established therapy in AML, various stages of delivery need consideration, with attention to individual circumstances. Practical measures such as dispensing a longer supply can reduce the number of return clinic visits, providing a meaningful difference for many patients. Conclusions Pharmacists and advanced practitioners play important roles in treatment with glasdegib plus LDAC. Ultimately, framing plans for treatment delivery within the individual circumstances of each patient may enable them to stay on therapy longer, giving them the greatest potential to achieve benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Relias
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali McBride
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Matthew J Newman
- The Johns Hopkins Hospital Department of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shilpa Paul
- Department of Pharmacy at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Genique Stanislaus
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Jennifer Tobin
- Blood Disorders Center, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Ilene Galinsky
- Department of Leukemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Ihlow J, Gross S, Neuendorff NR, Busack L, Herneth A, Singh A, Schwarz M, Flörcken A, Anagnostopoulos I, Türkmen S, Burmeister T, Blau IW, Bullinger L, Westermann J. Clinical outcome of older adults with acute myeloid Leukemia: An analysis of a large tertiary referral Center over two decades. J Geriatr Oncol 2020; 12:540-549. [PMID: 33223482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the overall outcome is still dismal and long-term data on survival are scarce, particularly outside of clinical trials. Here, we assess characteristics, prognostic factors and long-term survival in patients ≥60 years who were treated for AML at our center over the past 17 years. METHODS 590 older adults with newly diagnosed AML were characterized according to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), European LeukemiaNet (ELN) risk, type of therapy, serum ferritin (SF) and further baseline characteristics. Survival analysis was performed accordingly. RESULTS Median age was 68 years and most patients were in good general condition. Median follow-up was 55.8 months. Of all patients, 66% received intensive chemotherapy (IC) +/- allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The remaining cohort received palliative chemotherapy (PC, 26%) or best supportive care only (BSC, 8%). Enrollment rate for interventional clinical trials was 26%. 5-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were 18% (median 12.5 months) and 11,5% (median 10.0 months). Long-term survival was independently influenced by ECOG score, ELN risk group, baseline SF, previous myocardial infarction, and choice of therapy, but not consistently by age or CCI. Considering therapeutic subgroups, the contribution of particular parameters in predicting OS was most compelling in IC patients, but less consistent with PC or BSC. CONCLUSION Our results provide thorough insights into prognostication within therapeutic subgroups and emphasize the need for more detailed prognostic algorithms and routine geriatric assessment in the treatment of older adults with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ihlow
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sophia Gross
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Nina Rosa Neuendorff
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Leonie Busack
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Alma Herneth
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Anju Singh
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Michaela Schwarz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Anne Flörcken
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Labor Berlin Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ioannis Anagnostopoulos
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Seval Türkmen
- Department of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Burmeister
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Labor Berlin Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor Wolfgang Blau
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Labor Berlin Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Westermann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Clinic, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Labor Berlin Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
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Palmieri R, Othus M, Halpern AB, Percival MEM, Godwin CD, Becker PS, Walter RB. Accuracy of SIE/SIES/GITMO Consensus Criteria for Unfitness to Predict Early Mortality After Intensive Chemotherapy in Adults With AML or Other High-Grade Myeloid Neoplasm. J Clin Oncol 2020; 38:4163-4174. [PMID: 33030979 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.01392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE With increasing therapeutic alternatives available, there is growing interest in tools that accurately identify patients most suitable for intensive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) chemotherapy. Nowadays, conceptual criteria proposed by an Italian panel of experts are widely used for this purpose. How accurately these Ferrara criteria predict fitness for intensive chemotherapy is unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS We assessed the fitness of adults undergoing intensive AML therapy based on Ferrara criteria and determined the accuracy of this assessment for early mortality and survival prediction. RESULTS Among 655 adults who received curative-intent induction or reinduction chemotherapy with 7 days of standard-dose cytarabine and 3 days of an anthracycline ("7+3") CLAG-M (cladribine, high-dose cytarabine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and mitoxantrone), or reduced-dose CLAG-M, 197 (30%) met at least one of the criteria defining unfitness for intensive chemotherapy (F-unfit). Compared with F-fit patients, the overall survival of F-unfit patients was significantly shorter (median, 4.8 months; 95% CI, 3.6 to 6.5 months v 36.8 months; 95% CI, 27.4 to 73.0 months; P < .001). When used alone, the Ferrara unfitness assessment was more accurate in predicting day 28 and day 100 mortality than the treatment-related mortality score we developed previously (used binary, ≤ 13.1 v > 13.1), as indicated by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.76 and 0.79 versus 0.66 and 0.62. The predictive accuracy of the Ferrara unfitness assessment could be significantly improved by including additional covariates such as performance status and albumin, yielding AUCs as high as 0.84-0.85 for the prediction of day 28 or day 100 mortality. Prediction of overall survival was less accurate, yielding a c-statistic value as high as 0.75 in multivariable models. CONCLUSION Ferrara unfitness criteria provide a good prediction tool for shorter-term mortality after intensive AML chemotherapy. Our data may serve as a benchmark for expected outcomes with intensive chemotherapy in F-fit and F-unfit patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Palmieri
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Megan Othus
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Anna B Halpern
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Mary-Elizabeth M Percival
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Colin D Godwin
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Pamela S Becker
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Roland B Walter
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology & Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Yoo KH, Cho J, Han B, Kim SH, Shin DY, Hong J, Kim H, Kim HJ, Zang DY, Yoon SS, Jin JY, Lee JH, Hong DS, Park SK. Outcomes of decitabine treatment for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia in older adults. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235503. [PMID: 32760083 PMCID: PMC7410295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the outcomes of decitabine as first-line treatment in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and investigated the predictors, including a baseline mini nutritional assessment short form (MNA-SF) score, of response and survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 2010 and 2018, 96 AML patients aged 65 and above who received decitabine treatment at 6 centers in Korea were retrospectively evaluated. Response rates, hematologic improvements (HI), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. RESULTS The median age at diagnosis was 73.9 years, and the median number of decitabine treatments administered to the patients was 4 (range, 1-29). Of 85 patients, 15 patients (17.6%) achieved complete remission (CR) or CR with incomplete blood count recovery. Twelve patients (14.1%) showed partial remission (PR), and 18 (21.2%) demonstrated HI without an objective response. The median PFS and OS were 7.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.9-9.0) and 10.6 (95% CI, 7.7-13.5%) months, respectively. In multivariate analyses, MNA-SF score ≥ 8 and the absence of peripheral blood (PB) blasts were significant predictors for improved PFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS For older patients with newly diagnosed AML, a high MNA-SF score and the absence of PB blasts were independently associated with improved survival.
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MESH Headings
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/adverse effects
- Blood Cell Count
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Decitabine/administration & dosage
- Decitabine/adverse effects
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/blood
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Nutrition Assessment
- Progression-Free Survival
- Remission Induction/methods
- Republic of Korea/epidemiology
- Retrospective Studies
- Weight Loss
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwai Han Yoo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jinhyun Cho
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Boram Han
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Se Hyung Kim
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Dong-Yeop Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junshik Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hawk Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Dae young Zang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Youl Jin
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Hong
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Park
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
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Vey N. Low-intensity regimens versus standard-intensity induction strategies in acute myeloid leukemia. Ther Adv Hematol 2020; 11:2040620720913010. [PMID: 32215195 PMCID: PMC7081460 DOI: 10.1177/2040620720913010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain limited. In this age group, AML is frequently associated with poor-risk features, while patients’ present comorbidities and reduced functional reserves. As such, intensive chemotherapy (ICT) is frequently too toxic or ineffective in elderly patients and is restricted to a select minority, though it is standard therapy for the youngest and fittest patients or for those belonging to either the favorable or intermediate-risk groups. The use of hypomethylating agents represent an effective alternative for patients who are unfit for ICT, yet the results remain unsatisfactory. In recent years, prognostic scores were developed that include geriatric assessment tools and improved risk-stratification. In addition, several effective new drugs have emerged. The combination of these drugs with hypomethylating agents or low-dose cytarabine has produced encouraging preliminary results that may change standard practices and offer an alternative to the dilemma of ICT versus low-intensity therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Vey
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 232 Boulevard de Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, 13009, France
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LeBlanc TW, Erba HP. Shifting paradigms in the treatment of older adults with AML. Semin Hematol 2019; 56:110-117. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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