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Wang J, Jiang L, Shang Z, Ye Z, Yuan D, Cui X. A Prognostic Model for Prostate Cancer Patients Based on Two DNA Damage Response Mutation-Related Immune Genes. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2024; 39:306-317. [PMID: 37610864 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2023.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: DNA damage response (DDR) mutation-related genes and composition of immune cells are core factors affecting the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. The aim of this study is to combine DDR with immune-related genes to screen the prognostic signature for prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: Gene expression profile and somatic mutation were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). DDR-related genes were obtained from published study. After identification of prognostic-related DDR genes, samples were divided into mutation and nonmutation groups. Differentially expressed genes between these two groups were screened, followed by selection of immune-related DDR genes. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed to screen genes for constructing prognostic model. Nomogram model was also developed. The expression level of signature was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Results: Two genes (MYBBP1A and PCDHA9) were screened to construct the prognostic model, and it showed good risk prediction of PCa prognosis. Survival analysis showed that patients in high-risk group had worse overall survival than those in low-risk group. Cox analyses indicated that risk score could be used as an independent prognostic factor for PCa. qPCR results indicated that MYBBP1A was upregulated, whereas PCDHA9 was downregulated in PCa cell lines. Conclusions: A prognostic model based on DDR mutation-related genes for PCa was established, which serves as an effective tool for prognostic differentiation in patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan City, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenhua Shang
- Department of Urology, Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohua Ye
- Department of Urology Surgery, The People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan City, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Department of Urology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Urology, Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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2
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Du WW, Qadir J, Du KY, Chen Y, Wu N, Yang BB. Nuclear Actin Polymerization Regulates Cell Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300425. [PMID: 37566765 PMCID: PMC10558697 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Current studies on actin function primarily rely on cytoplasmic actin due to the absence of cellular models specifically expressing nuclear actin. Here, cell models capable of expressing varying levels of nuclear F/G-actin are generated and a significant role of nuclear actin in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is uncovered. Through immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses, distinct binding partners for nuclear F-actin (β-catenin, SMAD2, and SMAD3) and nuclear G-actin (MYBBP1A, NKRF, and MYPOP) are investigated, which respectively modulate EMT-promoting and EMT-repressing transcriptional events. While nuclear F-actin promotes EMT with enhanced cell migration, survival, and elongated mesenchymal morphology, nuclear G-actin represses EMT and related cell activities. Mechanistically, nuclear F-actin enhances β-catenin, SMAD2, and SMAD3 expression and stability in the nuclei, while nuclear G-actin increases MYBBP1A, NKRF, and MYPOP expression and stability in the nuclei. The association between nuclear F/G-actin and N-cadherin/E-cadherin in the cell lines (in vitro), and increased nuclear actin polymerization in the wound healing cells (in vivo) affirm a significant role of nuclear actin in EMT regulation. With evidence of nuclear actin polymerization and EMT during development, and irregularities in disease states such as cancer and fibrosis, targeting nuclear actin dynamics to trigger dysregulated EMT warrants ongoing study.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W. Du
- Sunnybrook Research Instituteand Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM4N3M5Canada
| | - Javeria Qadir
- Sunnybrook Research Instituteand Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM4N3M5Canada
| | - Kevin Y. Du
- Sunnybrook Research Instituteand Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM4N3M5Canada
| | - Yu Chen
- Sunnybrook Research Instituteand Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM4N3M5Canada
| | - Nan Wu
- Sunnybrook Research Instituteand Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM4N3M5Canada
| | - Burton B. Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Instituteand Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM4N3M5Canada
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3
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Eldeeb M, Yuan O, Guzzi N, Thi Ngoc PC, Konturek-Ciesla A, Kristiansen TA, Muthukumar S, Magee J, Bellodi C, Yuan J, Bryder D. A fetal tumor suppressor axis abrogates MLL-fusion-driven acute myeloid leukemia. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112099. [PMID: 36763502 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
MLL-rearrangements (MLL-r) are recurrent genetic events in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and frequently associate with poor prognosis. In infants, MLL-r can be sufficient to drive transformation. However, despite the prenatal origin of MLL-r in these patients, congenital leukemia is very rare with transformation usually occurring postnatally. The influence of prenatal signals on leukemogenesis, such as those mediated by the fetal-specific protein LIN28B, remains controversial. Here, using a dual-transgenic mouse model that co-expresses MLL-ENL and LIN28B, we investigate the impact of LIN28B on AML. LIN28B impedes the progression of MLL-r AML through compromised leukemia-initiating cell activity and suppression of MYB signaling. Mechanistically, LIN28B directly binds to MYBBP1A mRNA, resulting in elevated protein levels of this MYB co-repressor. Functionally, overexpression of MYBBP1A phenocopies the tumor-suppressor effects of LIN28B, while its perturbation omits it. Thereby, we propose that developmentally restricted expression of LIN28B provides a layer of protection against MYB-dependent AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Eldeeb
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ouyang Yuan
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Nicola Guzzi
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Phuong Cao Thi Ngoc
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Konturek-Ciesla
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Trine A Kristiansen
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sowndarya Muthukumar
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey Magee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cristian Bellodi
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Joan Yuan
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - David Bryder
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medical, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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Tang Y, Yang X, Wang Q, Huang H, Wang Q, Jiang M, Yuan C, Huang Y, Chen Y. ING4 Promotes Stemness Enrichment of Human Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells Through Inhibiting DUSP4 Expression to Activate the p38 MAPK/type I IFN-Stimulated Gene Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:845097. [PMID: 35496267 PMCID: PMC9046557 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.845097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) recurs frequently due to high metastatic spread, resulting in a high mortality. Cancer stem cells play a critical role in initiating the tumor metastasis. Inhibitor of growth 4 (ING4) is a member of the ING family, but its impact on cancer stem cells in RCC is still unknown. In this study, we found that ING4 significantly promoted the sphere-forming size and number of RCC cells under an ultralow-attachment culture condition in vitro, tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, and the expression of some stem-like or pluripotent biomarkers CD44, MYC, OCT4, and NANOG, indicating that ING4 increased the stemness enrichment of RCC cells. Mechanistically, the ING4-activated p38 MAPK pathway possibly upregulated the expression of type I IFN-stimulated genes to promote the formation of RCC stem cells. ING4 could inhibit the expression of DUSP4 to activate p38 MAPK. In addition, selective pharmacological p38 MAPK inhibitors could significantly inhibit stemness enrichment only in ING4-overexpressed RCC cells, suggesting that the p38 MAPK inhibitors might be effective in patients with high ING4 expression in RCC tissue. Taken together, our findings proposed that ING4 might serve as a potential therapeutic target for metastatic RCC, particularly RCC stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qinzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunluan Yuan
- Department of Oncology, First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yefei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yansu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yansu Chen,
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Jimenez-García MP, Lucena-Cacace A, Otero-Albiol D, Carnero A. Empty spiracles homeobox genes EMX1 and EMX2 regulate WNT pathway activation in sarcomagenesis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:247. [PMID: 34364391 PMCID: PMC8348834 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcomas are a very heterogeneous group of tumors with intrinsic developmental programs derived from the cell of origin. This implies a functional hierarchy inside tumors governed by sarcoma stem cells. Therefore, genetic and/or epigenetic changes profoundly affect the biology of sarcoma tumor stem cells. EMX genes are proposed to be transcription factors that are involved in the sarcomagenesis process, regardless of the neural or mesodermal embryological sarcoma origin. It has been shown that EMX1 or EMX2 overexpression reduces tumorigenic properties, while reducing the levels of these genes enhances these properties. Furthermore, it has been shown that EMX genes decrease the expression of stem cell regulatory genes and the stem cell phenotype. Taken together, these results indicate that the EMX1 and EMX2 genes negatively regulate these tumor-remodeling populations or sarcoma stem cells, acting as tumor suppressors in sarcoma. Methods Bioinformatic analysis, quantitative mRNA and protein expression analysis, cell models of sarcoma by ectopic expression of EMX genes. By cell biology methods we measured tumorigenesis and populations enriched on stem cell phenotypes, either in vitro or in vivo. Results In this work, we showed that the canonical Wnt pathway is one of the mechanisms that explains the relationships of EMX1/EMX2 and stem cell genes in sarcoma. The Wnt-EMX1/EMX2 relationship was validated in silico with sarcoma patient datasets, in vitro in primary derived sarcoma cell lines, and in vivo. EMX expression was found to negatively regulate the Wnt pathway. In addition, the constitutive activation of the Wnt pathway revers to a more aggressive phenotype with stem cell properties, and stemness gene transcription increased even in the presence of EMX1 and/or EMX2 overexpression, establishing the relationship among the Wnt pathway, stem cell genes and the EMX transcription factors. Conclusions Our data showed that Empty Spiracles Homeobox Genes EMX1 and EMX2 represses WNT signalling and activation of WNT pathway bypass EMX-dependent stemness repression and induces sarcomagenesis. These results also suggest the relevance of the Wnt/b-catenin/stemness axis as a therapeutic target in sarcoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02048-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pedro Jimenez-García
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Cancer, IS Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Lucena-Cacace
- Present address: Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daniel Otero-Albiol
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Cancer, IS Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain. .,CIBER de Cancer, IS Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/HUVR/CSIC, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Sevilla, Spain.
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6
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Jimenez-García MP, Lucena-Cacace A, Otero-Albiol D, Carnero A. Regulation of sarcomagenesis by the empty spiracles homeobox genes EMX1 and EMX2. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:515. [PMID: 34016958 PMCID: PMC8137939 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The EMX (Empty Spiracles Homeobox) genes EMX1 and EMX2 are two homeodomain gene members of the EMX family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, during brain development and neural crest migration. They play a role in the specification of positional identity, the proliferation of neural stem cells, and the differentiation of certain neuronal cell phenotypes. In general, they act as transcription factors in early embryogenesis and neuroembryogenesis from metazoans to higher vertebrates. The EMX1 and EMX2's potential as tumor suppressor genes has been suggested in some cancers. Our work showed that EMX1/EMX2 act as tumor suppressors in sarcomas by repressing the activity of stem cell regulatory genes (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, MYC, NANOG, NES, and PROM1). EMX protein downregulation, therefore, induced the malignance and stemness of cells both in vitro and in vivo. In murine knockout (KO) models lacking Emx genes, 3MC-induced sarcomas were more aggressive and infiltrative, had a greater capacity for tumor self-renewal, and had higher stem cell gene expression and nestin expression than those in wild-type models. These results showing that EMX genes acted as stemness regulators were reproduced in different subtypes of sarcoma. Therefore, it is possible that the EMX genes could have a generalized behavior regulating proliferation of neural crest-derived progenitors. Together, these results indicate that the EMX1 and EMX2 genes negatively regulate these tumor-altering populations or cancer stem cells, acting as tumor suppressors in sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pedro Jimenez-García
- grid.411109.c0000 0000 9542 1158Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain ,CIBER de Cancer, IS Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Lucena-Cacace
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daniel Otero-Albiol
- grid.411109.c0000 0000 9542 1158Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain ,CIBER de Cancer, IS Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- grid.411109.c0000 0000 9542 1158Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain ,CIBER de Cancer, IS Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Navas LE, Carnero A. NAD + metabolism, stemness, the immune response, and cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:2. [PMID: 33384409 PMCID: PMC7775471 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD+ was discovered during yeast fermentation, and since its discovery, its important roles in redox metabolism, aging, and longevity, the immune system and DNA repair have been highlighted. A deregulation of the NAD+ levels has been associated with metabolic diseases and aging-related diseases, including neurodegeneration, defective immune responses, and cancer. NAD+ acts as a cofactor through its interplay with NADH, playing an essential role in many enzymatic reactions of energy metabolism, such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and the TCA cycle. NAD+ also plays a role in deacetylation by sirtuins and ADP ribosylation during DNA damage/repair by PARP proteins. Finally, different NAD hydrolase proteins also consume NAD+ while converting it into ADP-ribose or its cyclic counterpart. Some of these proteins, such as CD38, seem to be extensively involved in the immune response. Since NAD cannot be taken directly from food, NAD metabolism is essential, and NAMPT is the key enzyme recovering NAD from nicotinamide and generating most of the NAD cellular pools. Because of the complex network of pathways in which NAD+ is essential, the important role of NAD+ and its key generating enzyme, NAMPT, in cancer is understandable. In the present work, we review the role of NAD+ and NAMPT in the ways that they may influence cancer metabolism, the immune system, stemness, aging, and cancer. Finally, we review some ongoing research on therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola E Navas
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Cancer, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain. .,CIBER de Cancer, Sevilla, Spain.
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8
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Espinosa-Sánchez A, Suárez-Martínez E, Sánchez-Díaz L, Carnero A. Therapeutic Targeting of Signaling Pathways Related to Cancer Stemness. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1533. [PMID: 32984007 PMCID: PMC7479251 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs) proposes that the different cells within a tumor, as well as metastasis deriving from it, are originated from a single subpopulation of cells with self-renewal and differentiation capacities. These cancer stem cells are supposed to be critical for tumor expansion and metastasis, tumor relapse and resistance to conventional therapies, such as chemo- and radiotherapy. The acquisition of these abilities has been attributed to the activation of alternative pathways, for instance, WNT, NOTCH, SHH, PI3K, Hippo, or NF-κB pathways, that regulate detoxification mechanisms; increase the metabolic rate; induce resistance to apoptotic, autophagic, and senescence pathways; promote the overexpression of drug transporter proteins; and activate specific stem cell transcription factors. The elimination of CSCs is an important goal in cancer therapeutic approaches because it could decrease relapses and metastatic dissemination, which are main causes of mortality in oncology patients. In this work, we discuss the role of these signaling pathways in CSCs along with their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Espinosa-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Suárez-Martínez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-Díaz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de Cancer, Madrid, Spain
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9
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García-Heredia JM, Carnero A. Role of Mitochondria in Cancer Stem Cell Resistance. Cells 2020; 9:E1693. [PMID: 32679735 PMCID: PMC7407626 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) are associated with the mechanisms of chemoresistance to different cytotoxic drugs or radiotherapy, as well as with tumor relapse and a poor prognosis. Various studies have shown that mitochondria play a central role in these processes because of the ability of this organelle to modify cell metabolism, allowing survival and avoiding apoptosis clearance of cancer cells. Thus, the whole mitochondrial cycle, from its biogenesis to its death, either by mitophagy or by apoptosis, can be targeted by different drugs to reduce mitochondrial fitness, allowing for a restored or increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Once mitochondrial misbalance is induced by a specific drug in any of the processes of mitochondrial metabolism, two elements are commonly boosted: an increment in reactive nitrogen/oxygen species and, subsequently, activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel García-Heredia
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. de la Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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10
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The Tumor Suppressor Roles of MYBBP1A, a Major Contributor to Metabolism Plasticity and Stemness. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010254. [PMID: 31968688 PMCID: PMC7017249 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The MYB binding protein 1A (MYBBP1A, also known as p160) acts as a co-repressor of multiple transcription factors involved in many physiological processes. Therefore, MYBBP1A acts as a tumor suppressor in multiple aspects related to cell physiology, most of them very relevant for tumorigenesis. We explored the different roles of MYBBP1A in different aspects of cancer, such as mitosis, cellular senescence, epigenetic regulation, cell cycle, metabolism plasticity and stemness. We especially reviewed the relationships between MYBBP1A, the inhibitory role it plays by binding and inactivating c-MYB and its regulation of PGC-1α, leading to an increase in the stemness and the tumor stem cell population. In addition, MYBBP1A causes the activation of PGC-1α directly and indirectly through c-MYB, inducing the metabolic change from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Therefore, the combination of these two effects caused by the decreased expression of MYBBP1A provides a selective advantage to tumor cells. Interestingly, this only occurs in cells lacking pVHL. Finally, the loss of MYBBP1A occurs in 8%–9% of renal tumors. tumors, and this subpopulation could be studied as a possible target of therapies using inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration.
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11
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Ramos-Sáenz A, González-Álvarez D, Rodríguez-Galán O, Rodríguez-Gil A, Gaspar SG, Villalobo E, Dosil M, de la Cruz J. Pol5 is an essential ribosome biogenesis factor required for 60S ribosomal subunit maturation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 25:1561-1575. [PMID: 31413149 PMCID: PMC6795146 DOI: 10.1261/rna.072116.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, more than 250 trans-acting factors are involved in the maturation of 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits. The expression of most of these factors is transcriptionally coregulated to ensure correct ribosome production under a wide variety of environmental and intracellular conditions. Here, we identified the essential nucleolar Pol5 protein as a novel trans-acting factor required for the synthesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Pol5 weakly and/or transiently associates with early to medium pre-60S ribosomal particles. Depletion of and temperature-sensitive mutations in Pol5 result in a deficiency of 60S ribosomal subunits and accumulation of half-mer polysomes. Both processing of 27SB pre-rRNA to mature 25S rRNA and release of pre-60S ribosomal particles from the nucle(ol)us to the cytoplasm are impaired in the Pol5-depleted strain. Moreover, we identified the genes encoding ribosomal proteins uL23 and eL27A as multicopy suppressors of the slow growth of a temperature-sensitive pol5 mutant. These results suggest that Pol5 could function in ensuring the correct folding of 25S rRNA domain III; thus, favoring the correct assembly of these two ribosomal proteins at their respective binding sites into medium pre-60S ribosomal particles. Pol5 is homologous to the human tumor suppressor Myb-binding protein 1A (MYBBP1A). However, expression of MYBBP1A failed to complement the lethal phenotype of a pol5 null mutant strain though interfered with 60S ribosomal subunit biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ramos-Sáenz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, E-41013, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel González-Álvarez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, E-41013, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Olga Rodríguez-Galán
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, E-41013, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Alfonso Rodríguez-Gil
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, E-41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Sonia G Gaspar
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eduardo Villalobo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, E-41013, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Dosil
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesús de la Cruz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, E-41013, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012, Seville, Spain
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Felipe-Abrio B, Verdugo-Sivianes EM, Carnero A. c-MYB- and PGC1a-dependent metabolic switch induced by MYBBP1A loss in renal cancer. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1519-1533. [PMID: 31066170 PMCID: PMC6599841 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment may alter the original tumorigenic potential of tumor cells. Under harsh environmental conditions, genetic alterations conferring selective advantages may initiate the growth of tumor subclones, providing new opportunities for these tumors to grow. We performed a genetic loss-of-function screen to identify genetic alterations able to promote tumor cell growth in the absence of glucose. We identified that downregulation of MYBBP1A increases tumorigenic properties under nonpermissive conditions. MYBBP1A downregulation simultaneously activates PGC1α, directly by alleviating direct repression and indirectly by increasing PGC1α mRNA levels through c-MYB, leading to a metabolic switch from glycolysis to OXPHOS and increased tumorigenesis in low-glucose microenvironments. We have also identified reduced MYBBP1A expression in human renal tumor samples, which show high expression levels of genes involved in oxidative metabolism. In summary, our data support the role of MYBBP1A as a tumor suppressor by regulating c-MYB and PGC1α. Therefore, loss of MYBBP1A increases adaptability spanning of tumors through metabolic switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Felipe-Abrio
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva M Verdugo-Sivianes
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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