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Li X, Li Y, Dai X. Transcriptomics-based analysis of Macrobrachium rosenbergii growth retardation. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101298. [PMID: 39059145 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an economically important crustacean in many parts of the world, but in recent years, growth retardation has become an increasingly serious issue. While the underlying causes remain unclear, this has inevitably impacted on aquaculture and production outputs. In this study, gill, hepatopancreas, and muscle tissue samples from M. rosenbergii, with distinct growth differences, underwent transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analyses using high-throughput sequencing. In total, 59,796 unigenes were annotated. Differential expression analyses showed that the most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened in gill tissue (1790 DEGs). In muscle and hepatopancreas tissues, 696 and 598 DEGs were screened, respectively. These DEGs were annotated to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, which identified several significantly enriched pathways related to growth metabolism, such as PI3K-AKT, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and starch and sucrose metabolism. These results suggest that low growth metabolism levels may be one cause of M. rosenbergii growth retardation. Our data provide support for further investigations into the causes and molecular mechanisms underpinning growth retardation in M. rosenbergii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuenan Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Centre for Aquatic Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Centre for Aquatic Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xilin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Centre for Aquatic Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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2
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Ko HJ, Park SY, Sim DY, Kim SH, Hur S, Lee JH, Kim Y. Apoptotic Effect of Isoimpertorin via Inhibition of c-Myc and SIRT1 Signaling Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4248. [PMID: 38673833 PMCID: PMC11050721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Though Isoimperatorin from Angelicae dahuricae is known to have antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects, its underlying antitumor mechanism remains elusive so far. Hence, the apoptotic mechanism of Isoimperatorin was explored in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). In this study, Isoimperatorin inhibited the viability of Huh7 and Hep3B HCCs and increased the subG1 apoptotic portion and also abrogated the expression of pro-poly-ADP ribose polymerase (pro-PARP) and pro-caspase 3 in Huh7 and Hep3B cells. Also, Isoimperatorin abrogated the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6 and increased p21 as G1 phase arrest-related proteins in Huh7 and Hep3B cells. Interestingly, Isoimperatorin reduced the expression and binding of c-Myc and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) by Immunoprecipitation (IP), with a binding score of 0.884 in Huh7 cells. Furthermore, Isoimperatorin suppressed the overexpression of c-Myc by the proteasome inhibitor MG132 and also disturbed cycloheximide-treated c-Myc stability in Huh7 cells. Overall, these findings support the novel evidence that the pivotal role of c-Myc and SIRT1 is critically involved in Isoimperatorin-induced apoptosis in HCCs as potent molecular targets in liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (D.Y.S.); (S.-H.K.); (S.H.); (J.-H.L.)
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3
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Szałapata K, Pięt M, Kasela M, Grąz M, Kapral-Piotrowska J, Mordzińska-Rak A, Samorek E, Pieniądz P, Polak J, Osińska-Jaroszuk M, Paduch R, Pawlikowska-Pawlęga B, Malm A, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A. Modified polymeric biomaterials with antimicrobial and immunomodulating properties. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8025. [PMID: 38580807 PMCID: PMC10997598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The modification of the surgical polypropylene mesh and the polytetrafluoroethylene vascular prosthesis with cecropin A (small peptide) and puromycin (aminonucleoside) yielded very stable preparations of modified biomaterials. The main emphasis was placed on analyses of their antimicrobial activity and potential immunomodulatory and non-cytotoxic properties towards the CCD841 CoTr model cell line. Cecropin A did not significantly affect the viability or proliferation of the CCD 841 CoTr cells, regardless of its soluble or immobilized form. In contrast, puromycin did not induce a significant decrease in the cell viability or proliferation in the immobilized form but significantly decreased cell viability and proliferation when administered in the soluble form. The covalent immobilization of these two molecules on the surface of biomaterials resulted in stable preparations that were able to inhibit the multiplication of Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis strains. It was also found that the preparations induced the production of cytokines involved in antibacterial protection mechanisms and stimulated the immune response. The key regulator of this activity may be related to TLR4, a receptor recognizing bacterial LPS. In the present study, these factors were produced not only in the conditions of LPS stimulation but also in the absence of LPS, which indicates that cecropin A- and puromycin-modified biomaterials may upregulate pathways leading to humoral antibacterial immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Szałapata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka, 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Pięt
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Martyna Kasela
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Grąz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka, 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Kapral-Piotrowska
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Mordzińska-Rak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka, 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Samorek
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Paulina Pieniądz
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Polak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka, 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Osińska-Jaroszuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka, 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Bożena Pawlikowska-Pawlęga
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Malm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Jarosz-Wilkołazka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka, 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
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Yesharim L, Teimourian S. Drug repurposing based on differentially expressed genes suggests drug combinations with possible synergistic effects in treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2253586. [PMID: 37710391 PMCID: PMC10506443 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2253586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. Various treatment approaches and drugs had little influence on overall survival; thus, new drugs and treatment strategies are needed. Drug repositioning (repurposing) seems a favorable approach considering that developing new drugs needs much more time and costs. We performed a meta-analysis on 6 microarray datasets to obtain the main genes with significantly altered expression in lung adenocarcinoma. Following that, we found major gene clusters and hub genes. We assessed their enrichment in biological pathways to get insight into the underlying biological process involved in lung adenocarcinoma pathogenesis. The L1000 database was explored for drug perturbations that might reverse the expression of differentially expressed genes in lung adenocarcinoma. We evaluated the potential drug combinations that interact the most with hub genes and hence have the most potential to reverse the disease process. A total of 2148 differentially expressed genes were identified. Six main gene clusters and 27 significant hub genes mainly involved in cell cycle regulation have been identified. By assessing the interaction between 3 drugs and hub genes and information gained from previous clinical investigations, we suggested the three possible repurposed drug combinations, Vorinostat - Dorsomorphin, PP-110 - Dorsomorphin, and Puromycin - Vorinostat with a high chance of success in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liora Yesharim
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Teimourian
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Koo JI, Sim DY, Lee HJ, Ahn CH, Park J, Park SY, Lee D, Shim BS, Kim B, Kim SH. Apoptotic and anti-Warburg effect of Morusin via ROS mediated inhibition of FOXM1/c-Myc signaling in prostate cancer cells. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4473-4487. [PMID: 37288731 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Though Morusin is known to induce apoptotic, antiprolifertaive, and autophagic effects through several signaling pathways, the underlying molecular mechanisms of Morusin still remain unclear until now. To elucidate antitumor mechanism of Morusin, cytotoxicity assay, cell cycle analysis, Western blotting, TUNEL assay, RNA interference, immunofluorescense, immunoprecipitation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, and inhibitor study were applied in this study. Morusin enhanced cytotoxicity, increased the number of TUNEL positive cells, sub-G1 population and induced the cleavages of PARP and caspase3, attenuated the expression of HK2, PKM2, LDH, c-Myc, and Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) along with the reduction of glucose, lactate, and ATP in DU145 and PC3 cells. Furthermore, Morusin disrupted the binding of c-Myc and FOXM1 in PC-3 cells, which was supported by String and cBioportal database. Notably, Morusin induced c-Myc degradation mediated by FBW7 and suppressed c-Myc stability in PC3 cells exposed to MG132 and cycloheximide. Also, Morusin generated ROS, while NAC disrupted the capacity of Morusin to reduce the expression of FOXM1, c-Myc, pro-PARP, and pro-caspase3 in PC-3 cells. Taken together, these findings provide scientific evidence that ROS mediated inhibition of FOXM1/c-Myc signaling axis plays a critical role in Morusin induced apoptotic and anti-Warburg effect in prostate cancer cells. Our findings support scientific evidence that ROS mediated inhibition of FOXM1/c-Myc signaling axis is critically involved in apoptotic and anti-Warburg effect of Morusin in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Il Koo
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hoon Ahn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JiEon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dain Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Sang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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6
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Hemmati F, Akinpelu A, Song J, Amiri F, McDaniel A, McMurray C, Afthinos A, Andreadis ST, Aitken AV, Biancardi VC, Gerecht S, Mistriotis P. Downregulation of YAP Activity Restricts P53 Hyperactivation to Promote Cell Survival in Confinement. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302228. [PMID: 37267923 PMCID: PMC10427377 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration through confining three dimensional (3D) topographies can lead to loss of nuclear envelope integrity, DNA damage, and genomic instability. Despite these detrimental phenomena, cells transiently exposed to confinement do not usually die. Whether this is also true for cells subjected to long-term confinement remains unclear at present. To investigate this, photopatterning and microfluidics are employed to fabricate a high-throughput device that circumvents limitations of previous cell confinement models and enables prolonged culture of single cells in microchannels with physiologically relevant length scales. The results of this study show that continuous exposure to tight confinement can trigger frequent nuclear envelope rupture events, which in turn promote P53 activation and cell apoptosis. Migrating cells eventually adapt to confinement and evade cell death by downregulating YAP activity. Reduced YAP activity, which is the consequence of confinement-induced YAP1/2 translocation to the cytoplasm, suppresses the incidence of nuclear envelope rupture and abolishes P53-mediated cell death. Cumulatively, this work establishes advanced, high-throughput biomimetic models for better understanding cell behavior in health and disease, and underscores the critical role of topographical cues and mechanotransduction pathways in the regulation of cell life and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Hemmati
- Department of Chemical EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburnAL36849USA
| | - Ayuba Akinpelu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburnAL36849USA
| | - Jiyeon Song
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Farshad Amiri
- Department of Chemical EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburnAL36849USA
| | - Anya McDaniel
- Department of Chemical EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburnAL36849USA
| | - Collins McMurray
- Department of Chemical EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburnAL36849USA
| | | | - Stelios T. Andreadis
- Departments of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY14260USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY14228USA
- Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life SciencesBuffaloNY14203USA
- Center for Cell Gene and Tissue Engineering (CGTE)University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY14260USA
| | - Andrew V. Aitken
- Department of AnatomyPhysiology and PharmacologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineAuburn UniversityAuburnAL36849USA
- Center for Neurosciences InitiativeAuburn UniversityAuburnAL36849USA
| | - Vinicia C. Biancardi
- Department of AnatomyPhysiology and PharmacologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineAuburn UniversityAuburnAL36849USA
- Center for Neurosciences InitiativeAuburn UniversityAuburnAL36849USA
| | - Sharon Gerecht
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
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Ko HM, Jee W, Lee D, Jang HJ, Jung JH. Ophiopogonin D increase apoptosis by activating p53 via ribosomal protein L5 and L11 and inhibiting the expression of c-Myc via CNOT2. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:974468. [PMID: 36569330 PMCID: PMC9780504 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.974468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ophiopogonin D (OP-D), which is extracted from the root tuber of Ophiopogon japonicus, is well known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects. It is also therapeutic for various diseases such as diabetic myocardial injuries, obesity, atopic dermatitis, and osteoporosis. However, there are insufficient reports on the anti-cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of OP-D in colorectal cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer-modulating effect of OP-D on colorectal cancer. The study proved that OP-D (20-40 uM) has significant cell viability inhibition and anti-proliferative effects in Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay. In addition, our immunofluorescence analysis data showed that OP-D (40 uM) inhibited the expression of Ki67, a cell proliferation marker, and confirmed that OP-D could induce nucleolar stress by depletion of IPO7 and XPO1. Furthermore, our western blot data showed that OP-D induced p53 expression via ribosomal protein (RP) L5 or L11 and inhibited c-Myc expression through CNOT2 in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, OP-D regulated cyclin D1 and CDK4, which are well known as cell cycle regulatory proteins. OP-D consistently inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT expression in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, OP-D shortened c-Myc's half-life in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, CNOT2 knockdown enhanced the inhibitory effect of OP-D on c-Myc in colon cancer cells. Besides that, we confirmed that OP-D has a combinational anti-cancer effect of 5-FU or doxorubicin to reduce cell viability and induce apoptosis through p53 and c-Myc regulation. Altogether, our results suggest that OP-D regulates colon cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibiting c-Myc expression via activation of p53 and CNOT2 regulation. The study demonstrated that OP-D may be a promising natural anti-cancer agent for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, China
| | - Wona Jee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, China
| | - Duckgue Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, China,*Correspondence: Hyeung-Jin Jang, ; Ji Hoon Jung,
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea,Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, China,*Correspondence: Hyeung-Jin Jang, ; Ji Hoon Jung,
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Antitumor Effect of Cycloastragenol in Colon Cancer Cells via p53 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315213. [PMID: 36499536 PMCID: PMC9737126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer cell (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer in the world. There are several chemotherapy drugs available for its treatment, though they have side effects. Cycloastragenol (CY) is a compound from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge known to be effective in aging, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-heart failure treatments. Although many studies have demonstrated the functions of CY in cancer cells, no studies have shown the effects of p53 in colon cancer cells. In this study, we found that CY reduces the viability of colon cancer cells in p53 wild-type cells compared to p53 null cells and HT29. Furthermore, CY induces apoptosis by p53 activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. And it was confirmed that it affects the L5 gene related to p53. Additionally, CY enhanced p53 expression compared to when either doxorubicin or 5-FU was used alone. Altogether, our findings suggest that CY induces apoptosis via p53 activation and inhibits the proliferation of colon cancer cells. In addition, apoptosis occurs in colon cancer cells due to other factors. Moreover, CY is expected to have a combined effect when used together with existing treatments for colon cancer in the future.
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Evaluation of Pharmacological Rescue of Melanocortin-4 Receptor Nonsense Mutations by Aminoglycoside. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12111793. [PMID: 36362948 PMCID: PMC9697516 DOI: 10.3390/life12111793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is critical for central satiety regulation, therefore presenting a potent target for pharmacological obesity treatment. Melanocortin-4 receptor mutations prevalently cause monogenetic obesity. A possibility of overcoming stop mutations is aminoglycoside-mediated translational readthrough. Promising results were achieved in COS-7 cells, but data for human cell systems are still missing, so uncertainty surrounds this potential treatment. In transfected HEK-293 cells, we tested whether translational readthrough by aminoglycoside Geneticin combined with high-affinity ligand setmelanotide, which is effective in proopiomelanocortin or leptin receptor deficiency patients, is a treatment option for affected patients. Five MC4R nonsense mutants (W16X, Y35X_D37V, E61X, W258X, Q307X) were investigated. Confocal microscopy and cell surface expression assays revealed the importance of the mutations’ position within the MC4R. N-terminal mutants were marginally expressed independent of Geneticin treatment, whereas mutants with nonsense mutations in transmembrane helix 6 or helix 8 showed wild-type-like expression. For functional analysis, Gs and Gq/11 signaling were measured. N-terminal mutants (W16X, Y35X_D37V) showed no cAMP formation after challenge with alpha-MSH or setmelanotide, irrespective of Geneticin treatment. Similarly, Gs activation was almost impossible in W258X and Q307X with wild-type-like cell surface expression. Results for Gq/11 signaling were comparable. Based on our data, this approach improbably represents a therapeutic option.
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Jung JH, Lee D, Ko HM, Jang HJ. Inhibition of CNOT2 Induces Apoptosis via MID1IP1 in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Activating p53. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101492. [PMID: 34680125 PMCID: PMC8533695 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 2 (CNOT2), a subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex, has been described in cancer progression. The CNOT complex plays an important role in multiple cellular functions. Recent studies in our laboratory showed that CNOT2 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis. In addition, CNOT2 signals are critically related to apoptosis induced by atorvastatin in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, depletion of CNOT2 was shown to enhance the antitumor effect of midline 1 interacting protein 1 (MID1IP1) depletion, thus inhibiting c-Myc expression in liver cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms related to its oncogenic role remain unclear. Herein, for the first time, we report that CNOT2 inhibition can induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by activating p53. Inhibition of CNOT2 markedly induced apoptosis in various cancer cells like that of the wild-type p53. Furthermore, inhibition of CNOT2 elongated p53 s half-life. Previously, our laboratory demonstrated that MID1IP1 promoted colocalization with c-Myc mediated by CNOT2. Interestingly, inhibition of CNOT2 cannot induce p53 expression without MID1IP1 or apoptosis in cancer cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that CNOT2 inhibition induces apoptosis through MID1IP1 by activating p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.M.K.); (H.-J.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-2171
| | - Duckgue Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea;
| | - Hyun Min Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.M.K.); (H.-J.J.)
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (H.M.K.); (H.-J.J.)
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11
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Kim JH, Jung JH, Lee HJ, Sim DY, Im E, Park J, Park WY, Ahn CH, Shim BS, Kim B, Kim SH. UBE2M Drives Hepatocellular Cancer Progression as a p53 Negative Regulator by Binding to MDM2 and Ribosomal Protein L11. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194901. [PMID: 34638383 PMCID: PMC8507934 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Herein, the oncogenic role of UBE2M as an E2 NEDD8-conjugating enzyme was explored in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, since neddylation plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. To address this issue, human tissue array and TCGA analysis were conducted in HCCs to find overexpression of UBE2M in HCCs. In addition, a differential profile was confirmed in UBE2M-depleted HepG2 cells. Furthermore, UBE2M depletion activated p53 expression and stability, while the ectopic expression of UBE2M disturbed p53 activation and enhanced degradation of exogenous p53 mediated by MDM2 in HepG2 cells via binding to MDM2 and ribosomal protein L11 by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. These findings provide evidence that UBE2M is critically involved in liver cancer progression as a p53 negative regulator by binding to MDM2 and ribosomal protein L11. Abstract Though UBE2M, an E2 NEDD8-conjugating enzyme, is overexpressed in HepG2, Hep3B, Huh7 and PLC/PRF5 HCCs with poor prognosis by human tissue array and TCGA analysis, its underlying oncogenic mechanism remains unclear. Herein, UBE2M depletion suppressed viability and proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via cleavages of PARP and caspase 3 and upregulation of p53, Bax and PUMA in HepG2, Huh7 and Hep3B cells. Furthermore, UBE2M depletion activated p53 expression and stability, while the ectopic expression of UBE2M disturbed p53 activation and enhanced degradation of exogenous p53 mediated by MDM2 in HepG2 cells. Interestingly, UBE2M binds to MDM2 or ribosomal protein L11, but not p53 in HepG2 cells, despite crosstalk between p53 and UBE2M. Consistently, the colocalization between UBE2M and MDM2 was observed by immunofluorescence. Notably, L11 was required in p53 activation by UBE2M depletion. Furthermore, UBE2M depletion retarded the growth of HepG2 cells in athymic nude mice along with elevated p53. Overall, these findings suggest that UBE2M promotes cancer progression as a p53 negative regulator by binding to MDM2 and ribosomal protein L11 in HCCs.
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Wang TS, Tian W, Fang Y, Guo KR, Li AQ, Sun Y, Wu HT, Zheng GQ, Feng NN, Xing CH, Au WW, Sun DY, Xia ZL. Changes in miR-222 expression, DNA repair capacity, and MDM2-p53 axis in association with low-dose benzene genotoxicity and hematotoxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:142740. [PMID: 33071125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms for hematotoxicity and health effects from exposure to low doses of benzene (BZ) remain to be identified. To address the information gap, our investigation was focused onto using appropriate populations and cell cultures to investigate novel BZ-induced effects such as disruption of DNA repair capacity (DRC). From our study, abnormal miRNAs were identified and validated using lymphocytes from 56 BZ-poisoned workers and 53 controls. In addition, 173 current BZ-exposed workers and 58 controls were investigated for key miRNA expression using RT-PCR and for cellular DRC using a challenge assay. Subsequently, the observed activities in lymphocytes were verified using human HL-60 (p53 null) and TK6 (p53 wild-type) cells via 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) treatment and miR-222 interferences. The targeting of MDM2 by miR-222 was validated using a luciferase reporter. Our results indicate induction of genotoxicity in lymphocytes from workers with low exposure doses to BZ. In addition, miR-222 expression was up-regulated among both BZ-poisoned and BZ-exposed workers together with inverse association with DRC. Our in vitro validation studies using both cell lines indicate that 1,4-BQ exposure increased expression of miR-222 and Comet tail length but decreased DRC. Loss of miR-222 reduced DNA damage, but induced S-phase arrest and apoptosis. However, silencing of MDM2 failed to activate p53 in TK6 cells. In conclusion, our in vivo observations were confirmed by in vitro studies showing that BZ/1,4-BQ exposures caused genotoxicity and high expression of miR-222 which obstructed expression of the MDM2-p53 axis that led to failed activation of p53, abnormal DRC and serious biological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Shuai Wang
- Department of Occupation Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Occupation Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Occupation Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kong-Rong Guo
- Department of Occupational Disease, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital/Shanghai Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - An-Qi Li
- Department of Occupation Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Occupational Disease for Chemical Industry (Shanghai Institute of Occupational Safety & Health), Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Han-Tian Wu
- Department of Occupation Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guo-Qiao Zheng
- Department of Occupation Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Nan-Nan Feng
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Cai-Hong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100032, China
| | - William W Au
- University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Targu Mures, Romania; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Dao-Yuan Sun
- Department of Occupational Disease, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital/Shanghai Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shanghai 200082, China.
| | - Zhao-Lin Xia
- Department of Occupation Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Jiang Z, Shi Y, Tan G, Wang Z. Computational screening of potential glioma-related genes and drugs based on analysis of GEO dataset and text mining. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247612. [PMID: 33635875 PMCID: PMC7909668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the high invasiveness and mortality of glioma as well as the unclear key genes and signaling pathways involved in the development of gliomas, there is a strong need to find potential gene biomarkers and available drugs. METHODS Eight glioma samples and twelve control samples were analyzed on the GSE31095 datasets, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained via the R software. The related glioma genes were further acquired from the text mining. Additionally, Venny program was used to screen out the common genes of the two gene sets and DAVID analysis was used to conduct the corresponding gene ontology analysis and cell signal pathway enrichment. We also constructed the protein interaction network of common genes through STRING, and selected the important modules for further drug-gene analysis. The existing antitumor drugs that targeted these module genes were screened to explore their efficacy in glioma treatment. RESULTS The gene set obtained from text mining was intersected with the previously obtained DEGs, and 128 common genes were obtained. Through the functional enrichment analysis of the identified 128 DEGs, a hub gene module containing 25 genes was obtained. Combined with the functional terms in GSE109857 dataset, some overlap of the enriched function terms are both in GSE31095 and GSE109857. Finally, 4 antitumor drugs were identified through drug-gene interaction analysis. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified that two potential genes and their corresponding four antitumor agents could be used as targets and drugs for glioma exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengye Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanxi Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Guowei Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Identification of ribosomal protein family in triple-negative breast cancer by bioinformatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227258. [PMID: 33305312 PMCID: PMC7789804 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for ∼20% of all breast cancer (BC) cases. The management of TNBC represents a challenge due to its worse prognosis, heterogeneity and lack of targeted therapy. Moreover, its mechanisms are not fully clear. The aim of the study is to identify crucial genes between TNBC and non-TNBC for underlying targets for diagnostic and therapeutic methods of TNBC. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TNBC and non-TNBC were selected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database after the integrated analysis of two datasets (GSE65194 and GSE76124). Then Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis were performed by DAVID database, protein-protein interaction (PPI) of DEGs was constructed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Reciprocity Genes (STRING) database. Furthermore, centrality analysis and module analysis were carried out by Cytoscape to analyze the TNBC-related PPI. Subsequently, overall survival (OS) analysis was performed by GEPIA. Finally, the expressions of these key genes in TNBC and non-TNBC tissues were tested by qRT-PCR. The results showed that 955 DEGs were obtained, which were mainly enriched in ribosome, ribosomal subunit, and so on. Moreover, 19 candidate genes were focused on by centrality analysis and module analysis. Furthermore, we found the low expressions of ribosomal protein S9 (RPS9), ribosomal protein S14 (RPS14), ribosomal protein S27 (RPS27), ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11) and ribosomal protein L14 (RPL14) were related to a poor OS in BC patients. Additionally, qRT-PCR results suggested that these five genes were notably down-regulated in TNBC tissues. In summary, the present study suggests that ribosomal proteins are related to TNBC, and they may play an important role in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of TNBC.
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Park JE, Jung JH, Lee HJ, Sim DY, Im E, Park WY, Shim BS, Ko SG, Kim SH. Ribosomal protein L5 mediated inhibition of c-Myc is critically involved in sanggenon G induced apoptosis in non-small lung cancer cells. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1080-1088. [PMID: 32935429 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Though Sanggenon G (SanG) from root bark of Morus alba was known to exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-depressant effects, its underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. Herein SanG reduced the viability of A549 and H1299 non-small lung cancer cells (NSCLCs). Also, SanG increased sub-G1 population via inhibition of cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2, CDK4 and Bcl-2, cleavages of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 in A549 and H1299 cells. Of note, SanG effectively inhibited c-Myc expression by activating ribosomal protein L5 (RPL5) and reducing c-Myc stability even in the presence of cycloheximide and 20% serum in A549 cells. Furthermore, SanG enhanced the apoptotic effect with doxorubicin in A549 cells. Taken together, our results for the first time provide novel evidence that SanG suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis via caspase-3 activation and RPL5 mediated inhibition of c-Myc with combinational potential with doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Im
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Yi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Sang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jung JH, Lee H, Zeng SX, Lu H. RBM10, a New Regulator of p53. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092107. [PMID: 32947864 PMCID: PMC7563659 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 acts as a transcription factor that regulates the expression of a number of genes responsible for DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, metabolism, cell migration, angiogenesis, ferroptosis, senescence, and apoptosis. It is the most commonly silenced or mutated gene in cancer, as approximately 50% of all types of human cancers harbor TP53 mutations. Activation of p53 is detrimental to normal cells, thus it is tightly regulated via multiple mechanisms. One of the recently identified regulators of p53 is RNA-binding motif protein 10 (RBM10). RBM10 is an RNA-binding protein frequently deleted or mutated in cancer cells. Its loss of function results in various deformities, such as cleft palate and malformation of the heart, and diseases such as lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, RBM10 mutations are frequently observed in lung adenocarcinomas, colorectal carcinomas, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. RBM10 plays a regulatory role in alternative splicing. Several recent studies not only linked this splicing regulation of RBM10 to cancer development, but also bridged RBM10's anticancer function to the p53 pathway. This review will focus on the current progress in our understanding of RBM10 regulation of p53, and its role in p53-dependent cancer prevention.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/pathology
- Alternative Splicing
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cellular Senescence
- Cleft Palate/genetics
- Cleft Palate/metabolism
- Cleft Palate/pathology
- Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics
- Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics
- Heart Defects, Congenital/metabolism
- Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology
- Humans
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: or (J.H.J.); (H.L.); Tel.: +82-10-961-9597 (J.H.J.); +1-504-988-5293 (H.L.)
| | - Hyemin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (H.L.); (S.X.Z.)
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Shelya X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (H.L.); (S.X.Z.)
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (H.L.); (S.X.Z.)
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: or (J.H.J.); (H.L.); Tel.: +82-10-961-9597 (J.H.J.); +1-504-988-5293 (H.L.)
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Pak JN, Jung JH, Park JE, Hwang J, Lee HJ, Shim BS, Kim SH. p53 dependent LGR5 inhibition and caspase 3 activation are critically involved in apoptotic effect of compound K and its combination therapy potential in HCT116 cells. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2745-2755. [PMID: 32403193 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Though ginsenoside metabolite compound K was known to have antitumor effect in several cancers, its underlying apoptotic mechanism still remains unclear so far. Thus, in the present study, the apoptotic mechanism of compound K was explored in colorectal cancer cells (CRCs) in association with leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) that was overexpressed in colorectal cancers with poor survival rate. Here compound K significantly reduced viability of HCT116p53+/+ cells better than that of HCT116p53-/- cells. Consistently, compound K increased sub G1 population and attenuated the expression of LGR5, c-Myc, procaspase3, Pin1 in HCT116p53+/+ cells more than in HCT116p53-/- cells. Conversely, caspase 3 inhibitor Z-DEVD-FMK reversed inhibitory effect of compound K on LGR5, c-Myc and procaspase3 in HCT116 cells. Consistently, inhibition of LGR5 using transfection method enhanced suppression of pro-PARP, Bcl-xL c-Myc, Snail and Pin1 in compound K treated HCT116p53+/+ cells. Furthermore, compound K synergistically potentiated antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or Doxorubicin to reduce the survival genes and cytotoxicity in HCT116p53+/+ cells. Overall, our findings provide scientific insight that compound K induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells via caspase and p53 dependent LGR5 inhibition with combination therapy potential with 5-FU or doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Na Pak
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisung Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Sang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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The science of puromycin: From studies of ribosome function to applications in biotechnology. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:1074-1083. [PMID: 32435426 PMCID: PMC7229235 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Puromycin is a naturally occurring aminonucleoside antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis by ribosome-catalyzed incorporation into the C-terminus of elongating nascent chains, blocking further extension and resulting in premature termination of translation. It is most commonly known as a selection marker for cell lines genetically engineered to express a resistance transgene, but its additional uses as a probe for protein synthesis have proven invaluable across a wide variety of model systems, ranging from purified ribosomes and cell-free translation to intact cultured cells and whole animals. Puromycin is comprised of a nucleoside covalently bound to an amino acid, mimicking the 3′ end of aminoacylated tRNAs that participate in delivery of amino acids to elongating ribosomes. Both moieties can tolerate some chemical substitutions and modifications without significant loss of activity, generating a diverse toolbox of puromycin-based reagents with added functionality, such as biotin for affinity purification or fluorophores for fluorescent microscopy detection. These reagents, as well as anti-puromycin antibodies, have played a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of the regulation and dysregulation of protein synthesis in normal and pathological processes, including immune response and neurological function. This manuscript reviews the current state of puromycin-based research, including structure and mechanism of action, relevant derivatives, use in advanced methodologies and some of the major insights generated using such techniques both in the lab and the clinic.
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Jung JH, Lee HJ, Kim JH, Sim DY, Im E, Kim S, Chang S, Kim SH. Colocalization of MID1IP1 and c-Myc is Critically Involved in Liver Cancer Growth via Regulation of Ribosomal Protein L5 and L11 and CNOT2. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040985. [PMID: 32316188 PMCID: PMC7227012 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Though midline1 interacting protein 1 (MID1IP1) was known as one of the glucose-responsive genes regulated by carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), the underlying mechanisms for its oncogenic role were never explored. Thus, in the present study, the underlying molecular mechanism of MID1P1 was elucidated mainly in HepG2 and Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCCs). MID1IP1 was highly expressed in HepG2, Huh7, SK-Hep1, PLC/PRF5, and immortalized hepatocyte LX-2 cells more than in normal hepatocyte AML-12 cells. MID1IP1 depletion reduced the viability and the number of colonies and also increased sub G1 population and the number of TUNEL-positive cells in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Consistently, MID1IP1 depletion attenuated pro-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (pro-PARP), c-Myc and activated p21, while MID1IP1 overexpression activated c-Myc and reduced p21. Furthermore, MID1IP1 depletion synergistically attenuated c-Myc stability in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Of note, MID1IP1 depletion upregulated the expression of ribosomal protein L5 or L11, while loss of L5 or L11 rescued c-Myc in MID1IP1 depleted HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Interestingly, tissue array showed that the overexpression of MID1IP1 was colocalized with c-Myc in human HCC tissues, which was verified in HepG2 and Huh7 cells by Immunofluorescence. Notably, depletion of CCR4-NOT2 (CNOT2) with adipogenic activity enhanced the antitumor effect of MID1IP1 depletion to reduce c-Myc, procaspase 3 and pro-PARP in HepG2, Huh7 and HCT116 cells. Overall, these findings provide novel insight that MID1IP1 promotes the growth of liver cancer via colocalization with c-Myc mediated by ribosomal proteins L5 and L11 and CNOT2 as a potent oncogenic molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jung
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Ju-Ha Kim
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Eunji Im
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Sinae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Molecular Targeted Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.H.J.); (H.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.); (D.Y.S.); (E.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-9233
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Aziz AUR, Yu X, Jiang Q, Zhao Y, Deng S, Qin K, Wang H, Liu B. Doxorubicin-induced toxicity to 3D-cultured rat ovarian follicles on a microfluidic chip. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 62:104677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Lee J, Jung JH, Hwang J, Park JE, Kim JH, Park WY, Suh JY, Kim SH. CNOT2 Is Critically Involved in Atorvastatin Induced Apoptotic and Autophagic Cell Death in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101470. [PMID: 31574980 PMCID: PMC6826547 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Though Atorvastatin has been used as a hypolipidemic agent, its anticancer mechanisms for repurposing are not fully understood so far. Thus, in the current study, its apoptotic and autophagic mechanisms were investigated in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Atorvastatin increased cytotoxicity, sub G1 population, the number of apoptotic bodies, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase 3 and activated p53 in H1299, H596, and H460 cells. Notably, Atorvastatin inhibited the expression of c-Myc and induced ribosomal protein L5 and L11, but depletion of L5 reduced PARP cleavages induced by Atorvastatin rather than L11 in H1299 cells. Also, Atorvastatin increased autophagy microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3II (LC3 II) conversion, p62/sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) accumulation with increased number of LC3II puncta in H1299 cells. However, late stage autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) increased cytotoxicity in Atorvastatin treated H1299 cells compared to early stage autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Furthermore, autophagic flux assay using RFP-GFP-LC3 constructs and Lysotracker Red or acridine orange-staining demonstrated that autophagosome-lysosome fusion is blocked by Atorvastatin treatment in H1299 cells. Conversely, overexpression of CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 2(CNOT2) weakly reversed the ability of Atorvastatin to increase cytotoxicity, sub G1 population, cleavages of PARP and caspase 3, LC3II conversion and p62/SQSTM1 accumulation in H1299 cells. In contrast, CNOT2 depletion enhanced cleavages of PARP and caspase 3, LC3 conversion and p62/SQSTM1 accumulation in Atorvastatin treated H1299 cells. Overall, these findings suggest that CNOT2 signaling is critically involved in Atorvastatin induced apoptotic and autophagic cell death in NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jisung Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Ji Eon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Ju-Ha Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Woon Yi Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jin Young Suh
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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