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Dey A, Kumar E. K. P, Kim CH, Li Y, Park JH. Dual Stimuli-Responsive Nanoprecursor of Ascorbic Acid and Quinone Methide Disrupting Redox Homeostasis for Cancer Treatment. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32124-32132. [PMID: 39072103 PMCID: PMC11270566 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Disrupting the redox balance through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and intracellular glutathione (GSH) depletion presents a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Megadoses of ascorbic acid (AA) can induce oxidative stress in cancer cells, leading to cell death. However, achieving enhanced oxidative stress using ultrahigh doses of AA is challenging because of the intricate delivery of high-concentration AA to the targeted sites while the cancer cells could also re-establish more robust redox homeostasis by upregulating antioxidants such as GSH. Recently, quinone methide and its analogues (QMs) have been recognized as effective GSH scavengers, offering a new dimension to accelerate oxidative stress. In this study, we formulated a dual stimuli-responsive nanoprecursor of AA and QM using gold nanoparticles. The nanoprecursor can release AA in response to the intracellular acidic pH in tumor cells, elevating the intracellular ROS levels and triggering the production of ample QMs to quench excessive GSH. This positive feedback mechanism significantly amplifies oxidative stress and disrupts redox homeostasis in cancer cells at a relatively low concentration of AA, leading to selective apoptosis without affecting normal cells. These results highlight the potential of the nanoprecursor as an effective anticancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Dey
- School
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu ,Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Pramod Kumar E. K.
- School
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu ,Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Kim
- School
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu ,Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuce Li
- School
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu ,Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- College
of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University
of Science and Technology (WUST), Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- School
of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu ,Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for
Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic
of Korea
- Biomedical
Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic
of Korea
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Matarrese P, Signore M, Ascione B, Fanelli G, Paggi MG, Abbruzzese C. Chlorpromazine overcomes temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma by inhibiting Cx43 and essential DNA repair pathways. J Transl Med 2024; 22:667. [PMID: 39026284 PMCID: PMC11256652 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the fight against GBM, drug repurposing emerges as a viable and time-saving approach to explore new treatment options. Chlorpromazine, an old antipsychotic medication, has recently arisen as a promising candidate for repositioning in GBM therapy in addition to temozolomide, the first-line standard of care. We previously demonstrated the antitumor efficacy of chlorpromazine and its synergistic effects with temozolomide in suppressing GBM cell malignant features in vitro. This prompted us to accomplish a Phase II clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding chlorpromazine to temozolomide in GBM patients with unmethylated MGMT gene promoter. In this in vitro study, we investigate the potential role of chlorpromazine in overcoming temozolomide resistance. METHODS In our experimental set, we analyzed Connexin-43 expression at both the transcriptional and protein levels in control- and chlorpromazine-treated GBM cells. DNA damage and subsequent repair were assessed by immunofluorescence of γ-H2AX and Reverse-Phase Protein microArrays in chlorpromazine treated GBM cell lines. To elucidate the relationship between DNA repair systems and chemoresistance, we analyzed a signature of DNA repair genes in GBM cells after treatment with chlorpromazine, temozolomide and Connexin-43 downregulation. RESULTS Chlorpromazine treatment significantly downregulated connexin-43 expression in GBM cells, consequently compromising connexin-dependent cellular resilience, and ultimately contributing to cell death. In line with this, we observed concordant post-translational modifications of molecular determinants involved in DNA damage and repair pathways. Our evaluation of DNA repair genes revealed that temozolomide elicited an increase, while chlorpromazine, as well as connexin-43 silencing, a decrease in DNA repair gene expression in GBM cells. CONCLUSIONS Chlorpromazine potentiates the cytotoxic effects of the alkylating agent temozolomide through a mechanism involving downregulation of Cx43 expression and disruption of the cell cycle arrest essential for DNA repair processes. This finding suggests that chlorpromazine may be a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome TMZ resistance in GBM cells by inhibiting their DNA repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Matarrese
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Signore
- RPPA Unit, Proteomics Area, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Ascione
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fanelli
- Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Proteomics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco G Paggi
- Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Proteomics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudia Abbruzzese
- Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Proteomics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Wang L, Howell MEA, Hensley CR, Ning K, Moorman JP, Yao ZQ, Ning S. The master antioxidant defense is activated during EBV latent infection. J Virol 2023; 97:e0095323. [PMID: 37877721 PMCID: PMC10688347 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00953-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE To our knowledge, this is the first report delineating the activation of the master antioxidant defense during EBV latency. We show that EBV-triggered reactive oxygen species production activates the Keap1-NRF2 pathway in EBV-transformed cells, and LMP1 plays a major role in this event, and the stress-related kinase TBK1 is required for NRF2 activation. Moreover, we show that the Keap1-NRF2 pathway is important for cell proliferation and EBV latency maintenance. Our findings disclose how EBV controls the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant defense, which greatly improve our understanding of EBV latency and pathogenesis and may be leveraged to opportunities toward the improvement of therapeutic outcomes in EBV-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mary E. A. Howell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Culton R. Hensley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Katharine Ning
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Moorman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
- Hepatitis (HCV/HIV) Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zhi Q. Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
- Hepatitis (HCV/HIV) Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shunbin Ning
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
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Battaglia AM, Sacco A, Vecchio E, Scicchitano S, Petriaggi L, Giorgio E, Bulotta S, Levi S, Faniello CM, Biamonte F, Costanzo F. Iron affects the sphere-forming ability of ovarian cancer cells in non-adherent culture conditions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1272667. [PMID: 38033861 PMCID: PMC10682100 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1272667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM) is the first step of the metastatic cascade. It is a regulated process involving interaction between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment (TME). Iron is a key micronutrient within the TME. Here, we explored the role of iron in the ability of ovarian cancer cells to successfully detach from the ECM. Methods: HEY and PEO1 ovarian cancer cells were grown in 3D conditions. To mimic an iron rich TME, culture media were supplemented with 100 μM Fe3+. Cell mortality was evaluated by cytofluorimetric assay. The invasive potential of tumor spheroids was performed in Matrigel and documented with images and time-lapses. Iron metabolism was assessed by analyzing the expression of CD71 and FtH1, and by quantifying the intracellular labile iron pool (LIP) through Calcein-AM cytofluorimetric assay. Ferroptosis was assessed by quantifying mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation through MitoSOX and BODIPY-C11 cytofluorimetric assays, respectively. Ferroptosis markers GPX4 and VDAC2 were measured by Western blot. FtH1 knockdown was performed by using siRNA. Results: To generate spheroids, HEY and PEO1 cells prevent LIP accumulation by upregulating FtH1. 3D HEY moderately increases FtH1, and LIP is only slightly reduced. 3D PEO1upregulate FtH1 and LIP results significantly diminished. HEY tumor spheroids prevent iron import downregulating CD71, while PEO1 cells strongly enhance it. Intracellular ROS drop down during the 2D to 3D transition in both cell lines, but more significantly in PEO1 cells. Upon iron supplementation, PEO1 cells continue to enhance CD71 and FtH1 without accumulating the LIP and ROS and do not undergo ferroptosis. HEY, instead, accumulate LIP, undergo ferroptosis and attenuate their sphere-forming ability and invasiveness. FtH1 knockdown significantly reduces the generation of PEO1 tumor spheroids, although without sensitizing them to ferroptosis. Discussion: Iron metabolism reprogramming is a key event in the tumor spheroid generation of ovarian cancer cells. An iron-rich environment impairs the sphere-forming ability and causes cell death only in ferroptosis sensitive cells. A better understanding of ferroptosis sensitivity could be useful to develop effective treatments to kill ECM-detached ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Martina Battaglia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sacco
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eleonora Vecchio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Scicchitano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lavinia Petriaggi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuele Giorgio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Bulotta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sonia Levi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Concetta Maria Faniello
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Rodríguez-Ruiz M, Ramos MC, Campos MJ, Díaz-Sánchez I, Cautain B, Mackenzie TA, Vicente F, Corpas FJ, Palma JM. Pepper Fruit Extracts Show Anti-Proliferative Activity against Tumor Cells Altering Their NADPH-Generating Dehydrogenase and Catalase Profiles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1461. [PMID: 37507999 PMCID: PMC10376568 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered one of the main causes of human death worldwide, being characterized by an alteration of the oxidative metabolism. Many natural compounds from plant origin with anti-tumor attributes have been described. Among them, capsaicin, which is the molecule responsible for the pungency in hot pepper fruits, has been reported to show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities, as well as anti-proliferative properties against cancer. Thus, in this work, the potential anti-proliferative activity of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits from diverse varieties with different capsaicin contents (California < Piquillo < Padrón < Alegría riojana) against several tumor cell lines (lung, melanoma, hepatoma, colon, breast, pancreas, and prostate) has been investigated. The results showed that the capsaicin content in pepper fruits did not correspond with their anti-proliferative activity against tumor cell lines. By contrast, the greatest activity was promoted by the pepper tissues which contained the lowest capsaicin amount. This indicates that other compounds different from capsaicin have this anti-tumor potentiality in pepper fruits. Based on this, green fruits from the Alegría riojana variety, which has negligible capsaicin levels, was used to study the effect on the oxidative and redox metabolism of tumor cell lines from liver (Hep-G2) and pancreas (MIA PaCa-2). Different parameters from both lines treated with crude pepper fruit extracts were determined including protein nitration and protein S-nitrosation (two post-translational modifications (PTMs) promoted by nitric oxide), the antioxidant capacity, as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), among others. In addition, the activity of the NADPH-generating enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH), and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH) was followed. Our data revealed that the treatment of both cell lines with pepper fruit extracts altered their antioxidant capacity, enhanced their catalase activity, and considerably reduced the activity of the NADPH-generating enzymes. As a consequence, less H2O2 and NADPH seem to be available to cells, thus avoiding cell proliferation and possibly triggering cell death in both cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - María C Ramos
- Department Screening & Target Validation, Fundación MEDINA, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - María J Campos
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Díaz-Sánchez
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Bastien Cautain
- Evotec, University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas A Mackenzie
- Department Screening & Target Validation, Fundación MEDINA, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisca Vicente
- Department Screening & Target Validation, Fundación MEDINA, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
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6
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Calderon JJ, Prieto K, Lasso P, Fiorentino S, Barreto A. Modulation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment by Natural Products. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2023; 71:17. [PMID: 37410164 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-023-00681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
During carcinogenesis, the microenvironment plays a fundamental role in tumor progression and resistance. This tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by being highly immunosuppressive in most cases, which makes it an important target for the development of new therapies. One of the most important groups of cells that orchestrate immunosuppression in TME is myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which have multiple mechanisms to suppress the immune response mediated by T lymphocytes and thus protect the tumor. In this review, we will discuss the importance of modulating MDSCs as a therapeutic target and how the use of natural products, due to their multiple mechanisms of action, can be a key alternative for modulating these cells and thus improve response to therapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon Jairo Calderon
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karol Prieto
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paola Lasso
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Susana Fiorentino
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alfonso Barreto
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
- Departamento de Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 # 43-82. Edificio 50 Laboratorio 101, Bogotá, Colombia.
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7
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Slimani W, Maioli M, Cruciani S, Zerizer S, Santaniello S, Kabouche Z, Coradduzza D, Chessa M, Fancello S, Migheli R, Serra PA, D'hallewin G. Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Proliferative Properties of Stachys circinata on HepG2 and MCF7 Cells. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2272. [PMID: 37375897 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
According to the WHO, the overall age-standardized cancer rate keeps declining, and the number of cases diagnosed each year increases, remaining among the leading causes of death in 91 out of 172 recorded countries. In this context, novel cancer prediction and therapeutic protocols are compulsory. The effect of a Stachys circinata L'Hér dichloromethane extract (ScDME) on cell redox homeostasis and tumor proliferation was investigated. HepG2 cell feedback mechanisms to oxidative stress exposure were evaluated by determining catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH), following the supply with ScDME (0.0-5.7 µg/µL). Cytotoxicity of ScDME against the human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) and two human cancer cell lines (breast: MCF7; liver: HepG2) was evaluated by the MTT assay. H2O2-stressed HepG2 cells supplied with the S. circinata extracts exhibited significantly increased CAT and GSH activity as compared to unsupplied ones. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was evaluated by real time-qPCR on IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α expression. As a result, this research points out that S. circinata dichloromethane extract owns anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties against MCF7 and HepG2 cells and activates CAT and GSH of the HepG2 cells' antioxidant enzyme system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassila Slimani
- Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (L.O.S.T), Département de Chimie, Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Margherita Maioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sara Cruciani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sakina Zerizer
- Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (L.O.S.T), Département de Chimie, Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Sara Santaniello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Zahia Kabouche
- Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (L.O.S.T), Département de Chimie, Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Donatella Coradduzza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Chessa
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Sassari University, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Silvia Fancello
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Sassari University, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Rossana Migheli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Sassari University, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pier Andrea Serra
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Sassari University, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Guy D'hallewin
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Traversa la Crucca, 3. Loc Baldinca Li Punti, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Yu LC, Dang DD, Zhuang S, Chen S, Zhuang Z, Rosenblum JS. Carrimycin, a first in-class anti-cancer agent, targets selenoprotein H to induce nucleolar oxidative stress and inhibit ribosome biogenesis. CANCER PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPY 2023; 1:111-115. [PMID: 37750087 PMCID: PMC10518895 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Carrimycin is a synthetic macrolide antibiotic that has been shown to have anti-cancer activity; however, its exact mechanism of action and molecular target were previously unknown. It was recently elucidated that Isovalerylspiramycin I (ISP I), the active component of carrimycin, targets selenoprotein H (SelH), a nucleolar reactive oxygen species-scavenging enzyme in the selenoprotein family. ISP I treatment accelerates SelH degradation, resulting in oxidative stress, disrupted ribosomal biogenesis, and apoptosis in tumor cells. Specifically, ISP I disrupts the association between RNA polymerase I and ribosomal DNA in the nucleolus. This inhibits ribosomal RNA transcription and subsequent ribosomal assembly, which prevents cancer cells from sustaining elevated rates of protein synthesis and cellular proliferation that are necessary for tumor growth and malignancy. In this review, we (1) describe the historical categorization and evolution of anti-cancer agents, including macrolide antibiotics, (2) outline the discovery of SelH as a target of ISP I, and (3) summarize the ways in which carrimycin has been used both clinically and at the bench to date and propose additional potential therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaYow C. Yu
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Danielle D. Dang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Sophie Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Shuran Chen
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Jared S. Rosenblum
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
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9
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Li T, Gao SJ. KSHV hijacks FoxO1 to promote cell proliferation and cellular transformation by antagonizing oxidative stress. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28676. [PMID: 36929740 PMCID: PMC10285692 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a group of a highly short-lived molecules that control diverse behaviors of cells. Normal cells maintain ROS balance to ensure their functions. Because of oncogenic stress, cancer cells often have excessive ROS, also known as oxidative stress, which are often counteracted by enhanced antioxidant systems to maintain redox homeostasis. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an oncogenic virus associated with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), which manifests hyper inflammation and oxidative stress as the hallmarks. We have previously shown that excessive ROS can disrupt KSHV latency by inducing viral lytic replication, leading to cell death. Paradoxically, most KS tumor cells are latently infected by KSHV in a highly inflammatory and oxidative stress tumor microenvironment, which is in part due to the activation of alternative complement and TLR4 pathways, indicating the existence of an enhanced antioxidant defense system in KS tumor cells. In this study, we show that KSHV upregulates antioxidant genes, including SOD2 and CAT by hijacking the forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1), to maintain intracellular ROS level. Moreover, the fine-tuned balance of ROS level in KSHV-transformed cells is essential for cell survival. Consequently, KSHV-transformed cells are extremely sensitive to exogenous ROS insult such as treatment with a low level of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). Either chemical inhibition or knockdown of FoxO1 by short interfering RNAs decreases the expression of antioxidant genes and subsequently increases the intracellular ROS level in KSHV-transformed cells, resulting in the inhibition of cell proliferation and colony formation in soft agar. Mechanistically, KSHV-encoded microRNAs and vFLIP upregulate FoxO1 by activating the NF-κB pathway. These results reveal a novel mechanism by which an oncogenic virus counteracts oxidative stress by upregulating FoxO1, which is essential for KSHV-induced cell proliferation and cellular transformation. Therefore, FoxO1 might be a potential therapeutic target for KSHV-related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Current address: Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shou-Jiang Gao
- Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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10
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Cuevas-Cianca SI, Romero-Castillo C, Gálvez-Romero JL, Juárez ZN, Hernández LR. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Edible Plants with Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Potential Use as Drugs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031488. [PMID: 36771154 PMCID: PMC9920972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Food is our daily companion, performing numerous beneficial functions for our bodies. Many of them can help to alleviate or prevent ailments and diseases. In this review, an extensive bibliographic search is conducted in various databases to update information on unprocessed foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can aid in treating diseases such as cancer. The current state of knowledge on inflammatory processes involving some interleukins and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is reviewed. As well as unprocessed foods, which may help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are important factors in cancer development. Many studies are still needed to take full advantage of the food products we use daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Isabel Cuevas-Cianca
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
| | - Cristian Romero-Castillo
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - José Luis Gálvez-Romero
- ISSTE Puebla Hospital Regional, Boulevard 14 Sur 4336, Colonia Jardines de San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Zaida Nelly Juárez
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
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11
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Zhang Y, Wang F, Shi L, Lu M, Lee KJ, Ditty MM, Xing Y, He HZ, Ren X, Zheng SY. Nanoscale coordination polymers enabling antioxidants inhibition for enhanced chemodynamic therapy. J Control Release 2023; 354:196-206. [PMID: 36610480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation to induce cell death is an effective strategy for cancer therapy. In particular, chemodynamic therapy (CDT), using Fenton-type reactions to generate highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radical (•OH), is a promising treatment modality. However, the therapeutic efficacy of ROS-based cancer treatment is still limited by some critical challenges, such as overexpression of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants by tumor cells, as well as the low tumor targeting efficiency of therapeutic agents. To address those problems, biomimetic CuZn protoporphyrin IX nanoscale coordination polymers have been developed, which significantly amplify oxidative stress against tumors by simultaneously inhibiting enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and initiating the CDT. In this design, cancer cell membrane camouflaged nanoparticle exhibits an excellent homotypic targeting effect. After being endocytosed into tumor cells, the nanoparticles induce depletion of the main non-enzymatic antioxidant glutathione (GSH) by undergoing a redox reaction with GSH. Afterward, the redox reaction generated cuprous ion (Cu+) works as a CDT agent for •OH generation. Furthermore, the released Zn protoporphyrin IX strongly inhibits the activity of the typical enzymatic antioxidant heme oxygenase-1. This tetra-modal synergistic strategy endows the biomimetic nanoparticles with great capability for anticancer therapy, which has been demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Faming Wang
- Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Lai Shi
- D2M Biotherapeutics, Natick, MA 01760, United States
| | - Mengrou Lu
- Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Keng-Jung Lee
- Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | | | - Yunhui Xing
- Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Hong-Zhang He
- Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Captis Diagnostics Inc, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Xi Ren
- Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Si-Yang Zheng
- Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Electrical & Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
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12
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Maekawa T, Miyake T, Tani M, Uemoto S. Diverse antitumor effects of ascorbic acid on cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:981547. [PMID: 36203466 PMCID: PMC9531273 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.981547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid has attracted substantial attention for its potential antitumor effects by acting as an antioxidant in vivo and as a cofactor in diverse enzymatic reactions. However, solid proof of its clinical efficacy against cancer and the mechanism behind its effect have not been established. Moreover, cancer forms cancer-specific microenvironments and interacts with various cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), to maintain cancer growth and progression; however, the effect of ascorbic acid on the cancer microenvironment is unclear. This review discusses the effects and mechanisms of ascorbic acid on cancer, including the role of ascorbic acid concentration. In addition, we present future perspectives on the effects of ascorbic acid on cancer cells and the CAF microenvironment. Ascorbic acid has a variety of effects, which contributes to the complexity of these effects. Oral administration of ascorbic acid results in low blood concentrations (<0.2 mM) and acts as a cofactor for antioxidant effects, collagen secretion, and HIFα degradation. In contrast, intravenous treatment achieves large blood concentrations (>1 mM) and has oxidative-promoting actions that exert anticancer effects via reactive oxygen species. Therefore, intravenous administration at high concentrations is required to achieve the desired effects on cancer cells during treatment. Partial data on the effect of ascorbic acid on fibroblasts indicate that it may also modulate collagen secretion in CAFs and impart tumor-suppressive effects. Thus, future studies should verify the effect of ascorbic acid on CAFs. The findings of this review can be used to guide further research and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Maekawa
- Division of Gastrointestinal, Breast, Pediatric, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Toru Miyake
- Division of Gastrointestinal, Breast, Pediatric, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- *Correspondence: Toru Miyake,
| | - Masaji Tani
- Division of Gastrointestinal, Breast, Pediatric, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
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Klyushova LS, Kandalintseva NV, Grishanova AY. Antioxidant Activity of New Sulphur- and Selenium-Containing Analogues of Potassium Phenosan against H 2O 2-Induced Cytotoxicity in Tumour Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:3131-3145. [PMID: 35877440 PMCID: PMC9317250 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44070216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among known phenolic antioxidants, the overwhelming majority of compounds have lipophilic properties and the number of known water-soluble compounds is very small. The list of hydrophilic phenolic antioxidants can be expanded via the synthesis of a structurally related series of polyfunctional compounds for further research on their biological activity in vitro. New sulphur- and selenium-containing analogues of antioxidant potassium phenosan were synthesised. In vitro cytotoxicity and cytostaticity as well as antioxidant activity against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity to human cell lines (HepG2, Hep-2 and MCF-7) were investigated by high-content analysis. A selenium-containing analogue showed higher biological activity than did a sulphur-containing one. As compared to the activity of potassium phenosan, the selenium-containing analogue had a cell line-dependent antioxidant effect against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity: comparable in HepG2 cells and greater in Hep-2 cells. The selenium-containing analogue significantly increased the death of MCF-7 cells at concentrations above 50 µM. The sulphur-containing analogue has lower biological activity as compared to potassium phenosan and the selenium-containing analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyubov S. Klyushova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 2/12 Timakova Str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Natalya V. Kandalintseva
- Department of Chemistry, Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, 28 Vilyuyskaya Str., 630126 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Alevtina Y. Grishanova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 2/12 Timakova Str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia;
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14
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Di Sano C, Lazzara V, Durante M, D’Anna C, Bonura A, Dino P, Uasuf CG, Pace E, Lenucci MS, Bruno A. The Protective Anticancer Effect of Natural Lycopene Supercritical CO 2 Watermelon Extracts in Adenocarcinoma Lung Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061150. [PMID: 35740047 PMCID: PMC9219748 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids may have different effects on cancer and its progression. The safety of carotenoid supplements was evaluated in vitro on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) adenocarcinoma A549 cells by the administration of three different oleoresins containing lycopene and other lipophilic phytochemicals, such as tocochromanols. The oleoresins, obtained by the supercritical CO2 green extraction technology from watermelon (Lyc W), gấc(Lyc G) and tomato (Lyc T) and chlatrated in α-cyclodextrins, were tested in comparison to synthetic lycopene (Lyc S), by cell cycle, Annexin V-FITC/PI, clonogenic test, Mytosox, intracellular ROS, Western Blot for NF-kB and RT-PCR and ELISA for IL-8. The extracts administered at the same lycopene concentration (10 µM) showed conflicting behaviors: Lyc W, with the highest lycopene/tocochromanols ratio, significantly increased cell apoptosis, mitochondrial stress, intracellular ROS, NF-kB and IL-8 expression and significantly decreased cell proliferation, whereas Lyc G and Lyc T significantly increased only cell proliferation. Lyc S treatment was ineffective. The highest amount of lycopene in Lyc W was able to counteract and revert the cell survival effect of tocochromanols supporting the importance of evaluating the lycopene bio-availability and the real effect of antioxidant tocochromanols' supplementation which may not only have no anticancer benefits but may even increase cancer aggressivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Di Sano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.S.); (V.L.); (C.D.); (A.B.); (P.D.); (C.G.U.); (E.P.)
| | - Valentina Lazzara
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.S.); (V.L.); (C.D.); (A.B.); (P.D.); (C.G.U.); (E.P.)
| | - Miriana Durante
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Claudia D’Anna
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.S.); (V.L.); (C.D.); (A.B.); (P.D.); (C.G.U.); (E.P.)
| | - Angela Bonura
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.S.); (V.L.); (C.D.); (A.B.); (P.D.); (C.G.U.); (E.P.)
| | - Paola Dino
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.S.); (V.L.); (C.D.); (A.B.); (P.D.); (C.G.U.); (E.P.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (B.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carina Gabriela Uasuf
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.S.); (V.L.); (C.D.); (A.B.); (P.D.); (C.G.U.); (E.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Pace
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.S.); (V.L.); (C.D.); (A.B.); (P.D.); (C.G.U.); (E.P.)
| | - Marcello Salvatore Lenucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.S.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Andreina Bruno
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.S.); (V.L.); (C.D.); (A.B.); (P.D.); (C.G.U.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.L.); (A.B.)
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15
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Basak T, Kanwar RK. Iron imbalance in cancer: Intersection of deficiency and overload. Cancer Med 2022; 11:3837-3853. [PMID: 35460205 PMCID: PMC9582687 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron, an essential trace element, plays a complex role in tumour biology. While iron causes cancer clearance through toxic free radical generation, iron‐induced free radical flux also acts as a cancer promoter. These fates majorly guided through cellular response towards pro‐oxidant and antioxidant settings in a tumour microenvironment, designate iron‐induced oxidative stress as a common yet paradoxical factor in pro‐tumorigenesis as well as anti‐tumorigenesis, posing a challenge to laying down iron thresholds favouring tumour clearance. Additionally, complexity of iron's association with carcinogenesis has been extended to iron‐induced ROS's involvement in states of both iron deficiency and overload, conditions identified as comparable, inevitable and significant coexisting contributors as well as outcomes in chronic infections and tumorigenesis. Besides, iron overload may also develop as an unwanted outcome in certain cancer patients, as a result of symptomatic anaemia treatment owed to irrational iron‐restoration therapies without a prior knowledge of body's iron status with both conditions synergistically acting towards tumour aggravation. The co‐play of iron deficiency and overload along with iron's pro‐tumour and antitumour roles with intersecting mechanisms, thus presents an unpredictable regulatory response loop in a state of malignancy. The relevance of iron's thresholds beyond which it proves to be beneficial against tumorigenesis hence becomes questionable. These factors pose a challenge, over establishing if iron chelation or iron flooding acts as a better approach towards antitumour therapies. This review presents a critical picture of multiple contrasting features of iron's behaviour in cancer, leading towards two conditions lying at opposite ends of a spectrum: iron deficiency and overload in chronic disease conditions including cancer, hence, validating the critical significance of diagnosis of patients' iron status prior to opting for subsequent therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulika Basak
- Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rupinder Kaur Kanwar
- Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Translational Medicine Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal, Bhopal, India
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16
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Modulating the Antioxidant Response for Better Oxidative Stress-Inducing Therapies: How to Take Advantage of Two Sides of the Same Medal? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040823. [PMID: 35453573 PMCID: PMC9029215 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-inducing therapies are characterized as a specific treatment that involves the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) by external or internal sources. To protect cells against oxidative stress, cells have evolved a strong antioxidant defense system to either prevent RONS formation or scavenge them. The maintenance of the redox balance ensures signal transduction, development, cell proliferation, regulation of the mechanisms of cell death, among others. Oxidative stress can beneficially be used to treat several diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, heart disease, cancer, and other diseases by regulating the antioxidant system. Understanding the mechanisms of various endogenous antioxidant systems can increase the therapeutic efficacy of oxidative stress-based therapies, leading to clinical success in medical treatment. This review deals with the recent novel findings of various cellular endogenous antioxidant responses behind oxidative stress, highlighting their implication in various human diseases, such as ulcers, skin pathologies, oncology, and viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2.
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17
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Böttger F, Vallés-Martí A, Cahn L, Jimenez CR. High-dose intravenous vitamin C, a promising multi-targeting agent in the treatment of cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:343. [PMID: 34717701 PMCID: PMC8557029 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that vitamin C has the potential to be a potent anti-cancer agent when administered intravenously and in high doses (high-dose IVC). Early phase clinical trials have confirmed safety and indicated efficacy of IVC in eradicating tumour cells of various cancer types. In recent years, the multi-targeting effects of vitamin C were unravelled, demonstrating a role as cancer-specific, pro-oxidative cytotoxic agent, anti-cancer epigenetic regulator and immune modulator, reversing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inhibiting hypoxia and oncogenic kinase signalling and boosting immune response. Moreover, high-dose IVC is powerful as an adjuvant treatment for cancer, acting synergistically with many standard (chemo-) therapies, as well as a method for mitigating the toxic side-effects of chemotherapy. Despite the rationale and ample evidence, strong clinical data and phase III studies are lacking. Therefore, there is a need for more extensive awareness of the use of this highly promising, non-toxic cancer treatment in the clinical setting. In this review, we provide an elaborate overview of pre-clinical and clinical studies using high-dose IVC as anti-cancer agent, as well as a detailed evaluation of the main known molecular mechanisms involved. A special focus is put on global molecular profiling studies in this respect. In addition, an outlook on future implications of high-dose vitamin C in cancer treatment is presented and recommendations for further research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Böttger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Vallés-Martí
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Loraine Cahn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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18
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Hua H, Zhang H, Chen J, Wang J, Liu J, Jiang Y. Targeting Akt in cancer for precision therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:128. [PMID: 34419139 PMCID: PMC8379749 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers-guided precision therapeutics has revolutionized the clinical development and administration of molecular-targeted anticancer agents. Tailored precision cancer therapy exhibits better response rate compared to unselective treatment. Protein kinases have critical roles in cell signaling, metabolism, proliferation, survival and migration. Aberrant activation of protein kinases is critical for tumor growth and progression. Hence, protein kinases are key targets for molecular targeted cancer therapy. The serine/threonine kinase Akt is frequently activated in various types of cancer. Activation of Akt promotes tumor progression and drug resistance. Since the first Akt inhibitor was reported in 2000, many Akt inhibitors have been developed and evaluated in either early or late stage of clinical trials, which take advantage of liquid biopsy and genomic or molecular profiling to realize personalized cancer therapy. Two inhibitors, capivasertib and ipatasertib, are being tested in phase III clinical trials for cancer therapy. Here, we highlight recent progress of Akt signaling pathway, review the up-to-date data from clinical studies of Akt inhibitors and discuss the potential biomarkers that may help personalized treatment of cancer with Akt inhibitors. In addition, we also discuss how Akt may confer the vulnerability of cancer cells to some kinds of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jingzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieya Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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19
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Tabrizi MH, Seyedi SMR, Mokhtareeizadeh Z. The anticancer activity of metal oxides and phytochemical-enriched medicinal nano-spheres (MNS); a comparative evaluation. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2021.1956953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Campos-Sandoval JA, Gómez-García MC, Santos-Jiménez JDL, Matés JM, Alonso FJ, Márquez J. Antioxidant responses related to temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma. Neurochem Int 2021; 149:105136. [PMID: 34274381 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma remains one of the most challenging and devastating cancers, with only a very small proportion of patients achieving 5-year survival. The current standard of care consists of surgery, followed by radiation therapy with concurrent and maintenance chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide. To date, this drug is the only one that provides a significant survival benefit, albeit modest, as patients end up acquiring resistance to this drug. As a result, tumor progression and recurrence inevitably occur, leading to death. Several factors have been proposed to explain this resistance, including an upregulated antioxidant system to keep the elevated intracellular ROS levels, a hallmark of cancer cells, under control. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of chemoresistance -including the important role of glioblastoma stem cells-with emphasis on antioxidant defenses and how agents that impair redox balance (i.e.: sulfasalazine, erastin, CB-839, withaferin, resveratrol, curcumin, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine) might be advantageous in combined therapies against this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Campos-Sandoval
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Canceromics Lab. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain, and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
| | - María C Gómez-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Canceromics Lab. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain, and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan de Los Santos-Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Canceromics Lab. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain, and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - José M Matés
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Canceromics Lab. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain, and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Alonso
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Canceromics Lab. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain, and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Javier Márquez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Canceromics Lab. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain, and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
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21
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Khasabova IA, Seybold VS, Simone DA. The role of PPARγ in chemotherapy-evoked pain. Neurosci Lett 2021; 753:135845. [PMID: 33774149 PMCID: PMC8089062 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although millions of people are diagnosed with cancer each year, survival has never been greater thanks to early diagnosis and treatments. Powerful chemotherapeutic agents are highly toxic to cancer cells, but because they typically do not target cancer cells selectively, they are often toxic to other cells and produce a variety of side effects. In particular, many common chemotherapies damage the peripheral nervous system and produce neuropathy that includes a progressive degeneration of peripheral nerve fibers. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) can affect all nerve fibers, but sensory neuropathies are the most common, initially affecting the distal extremities. Symptoms include impaired tactile sensitivity, tingling, numbness, paraesthesia, dysesthesia, and pain. Since neuropathic pain is difficult to manage, and because degenerated nerve fibers may not grow back and regain normal function, considerable research has focused on understanding how chemotherapy causes painful CIPN so it can be prevented. Due to the fact that both therapeutic and side effects of chemotherapy are primarily associated with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, this review focuses on the activation of endogenous antioxidant pathways, especially PPARγ, in order to prevent the development of CIPN and associated pain. The use of synthetic and natural PPARγ agonists to prevent CIPN is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna A Khasabova
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Virginia S Seybold
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Donald A Simone
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.
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22
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Mondal D, Narwani D, Notta S, Ghaffar D, Mardhekar N, Quadri SSA. Oxidative stress and redox signaling in CRPC progression: therapeutic potential of clinically-tested Nrf2-activators. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:96-124. [PMID: 35582006 PMCID: PMC9019181 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the mainstay regimen in patients with androgen-dependent prostate cancer (PCa). However, the selection of androgen-independent cancer cells leads to castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The aggressive phenotype of CRPC cells underscores the need to elucidate mechanisms and therapeutic strategies to suppress CRPC outgrowth. Despite ADT, the activation of androgen receptor (AR) transcription factor continues via crosstalk with parallel signaling pathways. Understanding of how these signaling cascades are initiated and amplified post-ADT is lacking. Hormone deprivation can increase oxidative stress and the resultant reactive oxygen species (ROS) may activate both AR and non-AR signaling. Moreover, ROS-induced inflammatory cytokines may further amplify these redox signaling pathways to augment AR function. However, clinical trials using ROS quenching small molecule antioxidants have not suppressed CRPC progression, suggesting that more potent and persistent suppression of redox signaling in CRPC cells will be needed. The transcription factor Nrf2 increases the expression of numerous antioxidant enzymes and downregulates the function of inflammatory transcription factors, e.g., nuclear factor kappa B. We documented that Nrf2 overexpression can suppress AR-mediated transcription in CRPC cell lines. Furthermore, two Nrf2 activating agents, sulforaphane (a phytochemical) and bardoxolone-methyl (a drug in clinical trial) suppress AR levels and sensitize CRPC cells to anti-androgens. These observations implicate the benefits of potent Nrf2-activators to suppress the lethal signaling cascades that lead to CRPC outgrowth. This review article will address the redox signaling networks that augment AR signaling during PCa progression to CRPC, and the possible utility of Nrf2-activating agents as an adjunct to ADT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Mondal
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Devin Narwani
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Shahnawaz Notta
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Dawood Ghaffar
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Nikhil Mardhekar
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Syed S A Quadri
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
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23
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Su BC, Hung GY, Tu YC, Yeh WC, Lin MC, Chen JY. Marine Antimicrobial Peptide TP4 Exerts Anticancer Effects on Human Synovial Sarcoma Cells via Calcium Overload, Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Mitochondrial Hyperpolarization. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020093. [PMID: 33562681 PMCID: PMC7915578 DOI: 10.3390/md19020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial sarcoma is a rare but aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma associated with translocation t(X;18). Metastasis occurs in approximately 50% of all patients, and curative outcomes are difficult to achieve in this group. Since the efficacies of current therapeutic approaches for metastatic synovial sarcoma remain limited, new therapeutic agents are urgently needed. Tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4), a marine antimicrobial peptide, is known to exhibit multiple biological functions, including anti-bacterial, wound-healing, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities. In the present study, we assessed the anticancer activity of TP4 in human synovial sarcoma cells and determined the underlying mechanisms. We first demonstrated that TP4 can induce necrotic cell death in human synovial sarcoma AsKa-SS and SW982 cells lines. In addition, we saw that TP4 initiates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and downregulates antioxidant proteins, such as uncoupling protein-2, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1, and SOD-2. Moreover, TP4-induced mitochondrial hyperpolarization is followed by elevation of mitochondrial ROS. Calcium overload is also triggered by TP4, and cell death can be attenuated by a necrosis inhibitor, ROS scavenger or calcium chelator. In our experiments, TP4 displayed strong anticancer activity in human synovial sarcoma cells by disrupting oxidative status, promoting mitochondrial hyperpolarization and causing calcium overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Chyuan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Giun-Yi Hung
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chieh Tu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-C.T.); (W.-C.Y.)
| | - Wei-Chen Yeh
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-C.T.); (W.-C.Y.)
| | - Meng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-920-802-111
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24
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Effect of Jakyakgamcho-Tang Extracts on H 2O 2-Induced C2C12 Myoblasts. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26010215. [PMID: 33406609 PMCID: PMC7795328 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major contributor to muscle aging and loss of muscle tissue. Jakyakgamcho-tang (JGT) has been used in traditional Eastern medicine to treat muscle pain. Here, we compared the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in 30% ethanol and water extracts of JGT and tested the preventive effects against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide)-induced cell death in murine C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in 30% ethanol extracts of JGT were higher than those of water extracts of JGT. Ethanol extracts of JGT (JGT-E) had stronger antioxidant activities of 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging activity (DPPH) than water extracts of JGT (JGT-W). JGT-E contained 19–53% (1.8 to 4.9-fold) more active compounds (i.e., albiflorin, liquiritin, pentagalloylglucose, isoliquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, and glycyrrhizin) than JGT-W. The ethanol extracts of JGT inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death and intracellular reactive oxygen species generation more effectively than the water extract of JGT in a dose-dependent manner. For the first time, these results suggest that ethanol extract of JGT is relatively more efficacious at protecting against oxidative stress-induced muscle cell death.
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Elagbar ZA, Shakya AK, Barhoumi LM, Al-Jaber HI. Phytochemical Diversity and Pharmacological Properties of Rhus coriaria. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900561. [PMID: 32141706 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae), sumac, is a common condiment, appetizer and souring agent in the Mediterranean region that has a long history in traditional medicine. R. coriaria has been prescribed for the treatment of many ailments including diarrhea, ulcer, hemorrhoids, hemorrhage, wound healing, hematemesis, and eye ailments like ophthalmia and conjunctivitis. The plant is also used as diuresis, antimicrobial, abortifacient and as a stomach tonic. Sumac is known to be rich in different classes of phytochemicals including tannins, polyphenols, flavonoids, organic acids and essential oils and continues to be a hot topic for extensive research work designed for revealing its phytochemical constituents and evaluating its bioactive properties. This review summarizes the recent phytochemical and diverse bioactivity studies on R. coriaria, especially those concerned with antitumor, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaha A Elagbar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 263, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, 19328, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ashok K Shakya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 263, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, 19328, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lina M Barhoumi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, 19117, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Hala I Al-Jaber
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, 19117, Al-Salt, Jordan
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26
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Metabolic Reprogramming and Vulnerabilities in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010090. [PMID: 31905922 PMCID: PMC7016671 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic programs are rewired in tumors to support growth, progression, and immune evasion. A wealth of work in the past decade has delineated how these metabolic rearrangements are facilitated by signaling pathways downstream of oncogene activation and tumor suppressor loss. More recently, this field has expanded to include metabolic interactions among the diverse cell types that exist within a tumor and how this impacts the immune system. In this special issue, 17 review articles discuss these phenomena, and, alongside four original research manuscripts, the vulnerabilities associated with deregulated metabolic programming are highlighted and examined.
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