1
|
Piper AK, Penney C, Holliday J, Tincknell G, Ma Y, Napaki S, Pantel K, Brungs D, Ranson M. EGFR and PI3K Signalling Pathways as Promising Targets on Circulating Tumour Cells from Patients with Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5565. [PMID: 38791602 PMCID: PMC11122469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma (mGAC) remains poor. Gene alterations in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and their downstream effectors including catalytic subunit alpha of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) are common in mGAC. Targeted RTK and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) treatments have demonstrated clinical benefits in other solid tumours and are key potential targets for clinical development against mGAC given the presence of recurrent alterations in these pathways. Furthermore, combination RTK/PI3K treatments may overcome compensatory mechanisms that arise using monotherapies, leading to improved patient outcomes. Herein, we investigated RTK/PI3K single and combination drug responses against our unique human mGAC-derived PIK3CA gain-of-function mutant, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, EGFR-expressing circulating tumour cell line, UWG02CTC, under two- and three-dimensional culture conditions to model different stages of metastasis. UWG02CTCs were highly responsive to the PI3K p110α-subunit targeted drugs PIK-75 (IC50 = 37.0 ± 11.1 nM) or alpelisib (7.05 ± 3.7 µM). Drug sensitivities were significantly increased in 3D conditions. Compensatory MAPK/ERK pathway upregulation by PI3K/Akt suppression was overcome by combination treatment with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib, which was strongly synergistic. PIK-75 plus gefitinib significantly impaired UWG02CTC invasion in an organotypic assay. In conclusion, UWG02CTCs are a powerful ex vivo mGAC drug responsiveness model revealing EGFR/PI3K-targeted drugs as a promising combination treatment option for HER2-negative, RAS wild-type mGAC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Katrin Piper
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Chelsea Penney
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Holliday
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gary Tincknell
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Yafeng Ma
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics & Research at the Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, South-Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Sarbar Napaki
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Department of Pathology, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Brungs
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Department of Pathology, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Marie Ranson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park J, Koh I, Cha J, Oh Y, Shim JK, Kim H, Moon JH, Kim EH, Chang JH, Kim P, Kang SG. Comparison of Glioblastoma Cell Culture Platforms Based on Transcriptional Similarity with Paired Tissue. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:529. [PMID: 38675489 PMCID: PMC11054899 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
No standardized in vitro cell culture models for glioblastoma (GBM) have yet been established, excluding the traditional two-dimensional culture. GBM tumorspheres (TSs) have been highlighted as a good model platform for testing drug effects and characterizing specific features of GBM, but a detailed evaluation of their suitability and comparative performance is lacking. Here, we isolated GBM TSs and extracellular matrices (ECM) from tissues obtained from newly diagnosed IDH1 wild-type GBM patients and cultured GBM TSs on five different culture platforms: (1) ordinary TS culture liquid media (LM), (2) collagen-based three-dimensional (3D) matrix, (3) patient typical ECM-based 3D matrix, (4) patient tumor ECM-based 3D matrix, and (5) mouse brain. For evaluation, we obtained transcriptome data from all cultured GBM TSs using microarrays. The LM platform exhibited the most similar transcriptional program to paired tissues based on GBM genes, stemness- and invasiveness-related genes, transcription factor activity, and canonical signaling pathways. GBM TSs can be cultured via an easy-to-handle and cost- and time-efficient LM platform while preserving the transcriptional program of the originating tissues without supplementing the ECM or embedding it into the mouse brain. In addition to applications in basic cancer research, GBM TSs cultured in LM may also serve as patient avatars in drug screening and pre-clinical evaluation of targeted therapy and as standardized and clinically relevant models for precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junseong Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (Y.O.); (J.-K.S.); (J.H.M.); (E.H.K.); (J.H.C.)
- Cancer Evolution Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilkyoo Koh
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (I.K.); (J.C.); (H.K.)
| | - Junghwa Cha
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (I.K.); (J.C.); (H.K.)
| | - Yoojung Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (Y.O.); (J.-K.S.); (J.H.M.); (E.H.K.); (J.H.C.)
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Shim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (Y.O.); (J.-K.S.); (J.H.M.); (E.H.K.); (J.H.C.)
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (I.K.); (J.C.); (H.K.)
| | - Ju Hyung Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (Y.O.); (J.-K.S.); (J.H.M.); (E.H.K.); (J.H.C.)
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (Y.O.); (J.-K.S.); (J.H.M.); (E.H.K.); (J.H.C.)
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hee Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (Y.O.); (J.-K.S.); (J.H.M.); (E.H.K.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Pilnam Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (I.K.); (J.C.); (H.K.)
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Gu Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (Y.O.); (J.-K.S.); (J.H.M.); (E.H.K.); (J.H.C.)
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mei J, Liu X, Tian H, Chen Y, Cao Y, Zeng J, Liu Y, Chen Y, Gao Y, Yin J, Wang P. Tumour organoids and assembloids: Patient-derived cancer avatars for immunotherapy. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1656. [PMID: 38664597 PMCID: PMC11045561 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organoid technology is an emerging and rapidly growing field that shows promise in studying organ development and screening therapeutic regimens. Although organoids have been proposed for a decade, concerns exist, including batch-to-batch variations, lack of the native microenvironment and clinical applicability. MAIN BODY The concept of organoids has derived patient-derived tumour organoids (PDTOs) for personalized drug screening and new drug discovery, mitigating the risks of medication misuse. The greater the similarity between the PDTOs and the primary tumours, the more influential the model will be. Recently, 'tumour assembloids' inspired by cell-coculture technology have attracted attention to complement the current PDTO technology. High-quality PDTOs must reassemble critical components, including multiple cell types, tumour matrix, paracrine factors, angiogenesis and microorganisms. This review begins with a brief overview of the history of organoids and PDTOs, followed by the current approaches for generating PDTOs and tumour assembloids. Personalized drug screening has been practised; however, it remains unclear whether PDTOs can predict immunotherapies, including immune drugs (e.g. immune checkpoint inhibitors) and immune cells (e.g. tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte, T cell receptor-engineered T cell and chimeric antigen receptor-T cell). PDTOs, as cancer avatars of the patients, can be expanded and stored to form a biobank. CONCLUSION Fundamental research and clinical trials are ongoing, and the intention is to use these models to replace animals. Pre-clinical immunotherapy screening using PDTOs will be beneficial to cancer patients. KEY POINTS The current PDTO models have not yet constructed key cellular and non-cellular components. PDTOs should be expandable and editable. PDTOs are promising preclinical models for immunotherapy unless mature PDTOs can be established. PDTO biobanks with consensual standards are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of PharmacogeneticsCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of PharmacogenomicsMinistry of EducationChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xingjian Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hui‐Xiang Tian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of PharmacogeneticsCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yung‐Chiang Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ji‐Ye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of PharmacogeneticsCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of PharmacogenomicsMinistry of EducationChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Peng‐Yuan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang JC, Zhang YH, Hu B. Gastric organoids: Rise of a latecomer. WORLD CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIGESTOLOGY 2024; 32:182-191. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i3.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2024]
|
5
|
Couteau M, Aoudjehane L. Immunofluorescent Staining of Human Hepatic Multicellular Spheroids: A Model for Studying Liver Diseases. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2769:143-152. [PMID: 38315395 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3694-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
In vitro studies on liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, are traditionally performed in two-dimensional (2D) cultures of isolated primary cells or immortalized cell lines. However, this approach has limitations, as 2D cultures inadequately replicate the cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions found in three-dimensional (3D) environments. To overcome this limitation, various 3D models, such as spheroids, have been developed. These spheroids serve as simplified biomimetic in vitro models for studying liver diseases. They can be generated using a variety of cells from healthy and pathological tissues, including liver cancer. Here, we present a comprehensive protocol for performing immunofluorescent staining and confocal imaging on whole human hepatic multicellular spheroids, utilizing primary cells or cell lines. The immunofluorescence technique is a potent tool to understand the spatial distribution of different cell types within the spheroids and define the interactions that occur among these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Couteau
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (IHU-ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Lynda Aoudjehane
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (IHU-ICAN), Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Obreque J, Vergara-Gómez L, Venegas N, Weber H, Owen GI, Pérez-Moreno P, Leal P, Roa JC, Bizama C. Advances towards the use of gastrointestinal tumor patient-derived organoids as a therapeutic decision-making tool. Biol Res 2023; 56:63. [PMID: 38041132 PMCID: PMC10693174 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2022 the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) removed the requirement that drugs in development must undergo animal testing before clinical evaluation, a declaration that now demands the establishment and verification of ex vivo preclinical models that closely represent tumor complexity and that can predict therapeutic response. Fortunately, the emergence of patient-derived organoid (PDOs) culture has enabled the ex vivo mimicking of the pathophysiology of human tumors with the reassembly of tissue-specific features. These features include histopathological variability, molecular expression profiles, genetic and cellular heterogeneity of parental tissue, and furthermore growing evidence suggests the ability to predict patient therapeutic response. Concentrating on the highly lethal and heterogeneous gastrointestinal (GI) tumors, herein we present the state-of-the-art and the current methodology of PDOs. We highlight the potential additions, improvements and testing required to allow the ex vivo of study the tumor microenvironment, as well as offering commentary on the predictive value of clinical response to treatments such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Obreque
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Office 526, 8330024, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Prevención y Control de Cáncer (CECAN), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Vergara-Gómez
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Biomedicine and Translational Research Lab, Universidad de La Frontera, 4810296, Temuco, Chile
| | - Nicolás Venegas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Office 526, 8330024, Santiago, Chile
| | - Helga Weber
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Biomedicine and Translational Research Lab, Universidad de La Frontera, 4810296, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gareth I Owen
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Prevención y Control de Cáncer (CECAN), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Pérez-Moreno
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Office 526, 8330024, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Leal
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Biomedicine and Translational Research Lab, Universidad de La Frontera, 4810296, Temuco, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Office 526, 8330024, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Prevención y Control de Cáncer (CECAN), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Bizama
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Office 526, 8330024, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro de Prevención y Control de Cáncer (CECAN), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
De Marco K, Lepore Signorile M, Di Nicola E, Sanese P, Fasano C, Forte G, Disciglio V, Pantaleo A, Varchi G, Del Rio A, Grossi V, Simone C. SMYD3 Modulates the HGF/MET Signaling Pathway in Gastric Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2481. [PMID: 37887325 PMCID: PMC10605494 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third most deadly cancer worldwide. Considerable efforts have been made to find targetable drivers in order to improve patient outcomes. MET is one of the most important factors involved in GC initiation and progression as it plays a major role in GC invasiveness and is related to cancer stemness. Unfortunately, treatment strategies targeting MET are still limited, with a proportion of patients responding to therapy but later developing resistance. Here, we showed that MET is a molecular partner of the SMYD3 methyltransferase in GC cells. Moreover, we found that SMYD3 pharmacological inhibition affects the HGF/MET downstream signaling pathway. Extensive cellular analyses in GC models indicated that EM127, a novel active site-selective covalent SMYD3 inhibitor, can be used as part of a synergistic approach with MET inhibitors in order to enhance the targeting of the HGF/MET pathway. Importantly, our data were confirmed in a 3D GC cell culture system, which was used as a surrogate to evaluate stemness characteristics. Our findings identify SMYD3 as a promising therapeutic target to impair the HGF/MET pathway for the treatment of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia De Marco
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Martina Lepore Signorile
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Di Nicola
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Paola Sanese
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Candida Fasano
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Giovanna Forte
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Vittoria Disciglio
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonino Pantaleo
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Greta Varchi
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (G.V.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Alberto Del Rio
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (G.V.); (A.D.R.)
- Innovamol Consulting Srl, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Cristiano Simone
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology—IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (E.D.N.); (P.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (A.P.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Martins ÁM, Lopes TM, Diniz F, Pires J, Osório H, Pinto F, Freitas D, Reis CA. Differential Protein and Glycan Packaging into Extracellular Vesicles in Response to 3D Gastric Cancer Cellular Organization. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300588. [PMID: 37340602 PMCID: PMC10460857 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of the glycosylation machinery are common events in cancer, leading to the synthesis of aberrant glycan structures by tumor cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a modulatory role in cancer communication and progression, and interestingly, several tumor-associated glycans have already been identified in cancer EVs. Nevertheless, the impact of 3D tumor architecture in the selective packaging of cellular glycans into EVs has never been addressed. In this work, the capacity of gastric cancer cell lines with differential glycosylation is evaluated in producing and releasing EVs when cultured under conventional 2D monolayer or in 3D culture conditions. Furthermore, the proteomic content is identified and specific glycans are studied in the EVs produced by these cells, upon differential spatial organization. Here, it is observed that although the proteome of the analyzed EVs is mostly conserved, an EV differential packaging of specific proteins and glycans is found. In addition, protein-protein interaction and pathway analysis reveal individual signatures on the EVs released by 2D- and 3D-cultured cells, suggesting distinct biological functions. These protein signatures also show a correlation with clinical data. Overall, this data highlight the importance of tumor cellular architecture when assessing the cancer-EV cargo and its biological role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro M. Martins
- i3S‐Institute for Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoRua Alfredo Allen 208Porto4200-135Portugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45Porto4200-135Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS)University of PortoR. Jorge de Viterbo FerreiraPorto4050-313Portugal
| | - Tânia M. Lopes
- i3S‐Institute for Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoRua Alfredo Allen 208Porto4200-135Portugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45Porto4200-135Portugal
| | - Francisca Diniz
- i3S‐Institute for Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoRua Alfredo Allen 208Porto4200-135Portugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45Porto4200-135Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS)University of PortoR. Jorge de Viterbo FerreiraPorto4050-313Portugal
| | - José Pires
- i3S‐Institute for Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoRua Alfredo Allen 208Porto4200-135Portugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45Porto4200-135Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of PortoAlameda Prof. Hernâni MonteiroPorto4200-319Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- i3S‐Institute for Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoRua Alfredo Allen 208Porto4200-135Portugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45Porto4200-135Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of PortoAlameda Prof. Hernâni MonteiroPorto4200-319Portugal
| | - Filipe Pinto
- i3S‐Institute for Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoRua Alfredo Allen 208Porto4200-135Portugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45Porto4200-135Portugal
| | - Daniela Freitas
- i3S‐Institute for Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoRua Alfredo Allen 208Porto4200-135Portugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45Porto4200-135Portugal
| | - Celso A. Reis
- i3S‐Institute for Research and Innovation in HealthUniversity of PortoRua Alfredo Allen 208Porto4200-135Portugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of PortoRua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45Porto4200-135Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS)University of PortoR. Jorge de Viterbo FerreiraPorto4050-313Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of PortoAlameda Prof. Hernâni MonteiroPorto4200-319Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
van Niekerk A, Wrzesinski K, Steyn D, Gouws C. A Novel NCI-H69AR Drug-Resistant Small-Cell Lung Cancer Mini-Tumor Model for Anti-Cancer Treatment Screening. Cells 2023; 12:1980. [PMID: 37566059 PMCID: PMC10416941 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer is a fast-growing carcinoma with a poor prognosis and a high level of relapse due to multi-drug resistance (MDR). Genetic mutations that lead to the overexpression of efflux transporter proteins can contribute to MDR. In vitro cancer models play a tremendous role in chemotherapy development and the screening of possible anti-cancer molecules. Low-cost and simple in vitro models are normally used. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) models have numerous shortcomings when considering the physiological resemblance of an in vivo setting. Three-dimensional (3D) models aim to bridge the gap between conventional 2D models and the in vivo setting. Some of the advantages of functional 3D spheroids include better representation of the in vivo physiology and tumor characteristics when compared to traditional 2D cultures. During this study, an NCI-H69AR drug-resistant mini-tumor model (MRP1 hyperexpressive) was developed by making use of a rotating clinostat bioreactor system (ClinoStar®; CelVivo ApS, Odense, Denmark). Spheroid growth and viability were assessed over a 25-day period to determine the ideal experimental period with mature and metabolically stable constructs. The applicability of this model for anti-cancer research was evaluated through treatment with irinotecan, paclitaxel and cisplatin for 96 h, followed by a 96 h recovery period. Parameters measured included planar surface area measurements, estimated glucose consumption, soluble protein content, intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels, extracellular adenylate kinase levels, histology and efflux transporter gene expression. The established functional spheroid model proved viable and stable during the treatment period, with retained relative hyperexpression of the MRP1 efflux transporter gene but increased expression of the P-gp transporter gene compared to the cells cultured in 2D. As expected, treatment with the abovementioned anti-cancer drugs at clinical doses (100 mg/m2 irinotecan, 80 mg/m2 paclitaxel and 75 mg/m2 cisplatin) had minimal impact on the drug-resistant mini-tumors, and the functional spheroid models were able to recover following the removal of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alandi van Niekerk
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; (A.v.N.); (K.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Wrzesinski
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; (A.v.N.); (K.W.); (D.S.)
- CelVivo ApS, 5491 Blommenslyst, Denmark
| | - Dewald Steyn
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; (A.v.N.); (K.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Chrisna Gouws
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; (A.v.N.); (K.W.); (D.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tofani LB, Luiz MT, Paes Dutra JA, Abriata JP, Chorilli M. Three-dimensional culture models: emerging platforms for screening the antitumoral efficacy of nanomedicines. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:633-647. [PMID: 37183804 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicines have been investigated for delivering drugs to tumors due to their ability to accumulate in the tumor tissues. 2D in vitro cell culture has been used to investigate the antitumoral potential of nanomedicines. However, a 2D model cannot adequately mimic the in vivo tissue conditions because of the lack of cell-cell interaction, a gradient of nutrients and the expression of genes. To overcome this limitation, 3D cell culture models have emerged as promising platforms that better replicate the complexity of native tumors. For this purpose, different techniques can be used to produce 3D models, including scaffold-free, scaffold-based and microfluidic-based models. This review addresses the principles, advantages and limitations of these culture methods for evaluating the antitumoral efficacy of nanomedicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Bueno Tofani
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Marcela Tavares Luiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Jessyca Aparecida Paes Dutra
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Juliana Palma Abriata
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wanigasekara J, Carroll LJ, Cullen PJ, Tiwari B, Curtin JF. Three-Dimensional (3D) in vitro cell culture protocols to enhance glioblastoma research. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0276248. [PMID: 36753513 PMCID: PMC9907841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models can help bridge the gap between in vitro cell cultures and in vivo responses by more accurately simulating the natural in vivo environment, shape, tissue stiffness, stressors, gradients and cellular response while avoiding the costs and ethical concerns associated with animal models. The inclusion of the third dimension in 3D cell culture influences the spatial organization of cell surface receptors that interact with other cells and imposes physical restrictions on cells in compared to Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Spheroids' distinctive cyto-architecture mimics in vivo cellular structure, gene expression, metabolism, proliferation, oxygenation, nutrition absorption, waste excretion, and drug uptake while preserving cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) connections and communication, hence influencing molecular processes and cellular phenotypes. This protocol describes the in vitro generation of tumourspheroids using the low attachment plate, hanging drop plate, and cellusponge natural scaffold based methods. The expected results from these protocols confirmed the ability of all these methods to create uniform tumourspheres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janith Wanigasekara
- BioPlasma Research Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail: (JFC); (JW)
| | - Lara J. Carroll
- BioPlasma Research Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick J. Cullen
- BioPlasma Research Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- University of Sydney, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brijesh Tiwari
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James F. Curtin
- BioPlasma Research Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail: (JFC); (JW)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wanigasekara J, Cullen PJ, Bourke P, Tiwari B, Curtin JF. Advances in 3D culture systems for therapeutic discovery and development in brain cancer. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103426. [PMID: 36332834 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent advances in 3D culture systems that promise more accurate therapeutic models of the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumor microenvironment (TME), such as the unique anatomical, cellular, and molecular features evident in human GBM. The key components of a GBM TME are outlined, including microbiomes, vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), infiltrating parenchymal and peripheral immune cells and molecules, and chemical gradients. 3D culture systems are evaluated against 2D culture systems and in vivo animal models. The main 3D culture techniques available are compared, with an emphasis on identifying key gaps in knowledge for the development of suitable platforms to accurately model the intricate components of the GBM TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janith Wanigasekara
- BioPlasma Research Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Patrick J Cullen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paula Bourke
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brijesh Tiwari
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James F Curtin
- BioPlasma Research Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim YS, Park M, Jin S, Jeong GH, Chung YJ, Bang CH. Genomic comparison between an in vitro three-dimensional culture model of melanoma and the original primary tumor. Arch Dermatol Res 2022; 315:1225-1231. [PMID: 36513861 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) melanoma culture is a personalized in vitro model that can be used for high-fidelity pre-clinical testing and validation of novel therapies. However, whether the genomic landscape of 3D cultures faithfully reflects the original primary tumor which remains unknown. The purpose of our study was to compare the genomic landscapes of 3D culture models with those of the original tumors. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors were established by engrafting fresh melanoma tissue from each patient. Then, a 3D culture model was generated using cryopreserved PDX tumors embedded in pre-gelled porcine skin decellularized extracellular matrix with normal human dermal fibroblasts. Using whole-exome sequencing, the genomic landscapes of 3D cultures, PDX tumors, and the original tumor were compared. We found that 91.4% of single-nucleotide variants in the original tumor were detected in the 3D culture and PDX samples. Putative melanoma driver mutations (BRAF p.V600E, CDKN2A p.R7*, ADAMTS1 p.Q572*) were consistently identified in both the original tumor and 3D culture samples. Genome-wide copy number alteration profiles were almost identical between the original tumor and 3D culture samples, including the driver events of ARID1B loss, BRAF gain, and CCND1 gain. In conclusion, our study revealed that the genomic profiles of the original tumor and our 3D culture model showed high concordance, indicating the reliability of our 3D culture model in reflecting the original characteristics of the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Seob Kim
- Precision Medicine Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,IRCGP, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Park
- T&R Biofab Co.Ltd., Seongnam-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Songwan Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Hee Jeong
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Precision Medicine Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,IRCGP, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul Hwan Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu J, Wang F, Dong J, Zhang S, Li N, Zhao H, Liu X, Gao Z, Zhang B, Tian G. Therapeutic Response of Multifunctional Lipid and Micelle Formulation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:45110-45123. [PMID: 36167351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), as an important part of the tumor microenvironment (TME), could be activated by tumor cells as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), thereby promoting the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) and favoring the development of tumors. Therefore, blocking the "CAFs-ECM" axis is a promising pathway to improve antitumor efficacy. Based on this, we developed a multifunctional nanosized delivery system composed of hyaluronic acid-modified pH-sensitive liposomes (CTHLs) and glycyrrheic acid-modified nanomicelles (DGNs), which combines the advantages of targeted delivery, pH-sensitivity, and deep drug penetration. To mimic actual TME, a novel HSCs+BEL-7402 cocultured cell model and a m-HSCs+H22 coimplanted mice model were established. As expected, CTHLs and DGNs could target CAFs and tumor cells, respectively, and promote the drug penetration and retention in tumor regions. Notably, CTHLs+DGNs not only exhibited a superior antitumor effect in three-level tumor-bearing mice but also presented excellent antimetastasis efficiency in lung-metastatic mice. The antitumor mechanism revealed that the lipid&micelle mixed formulations effectively inhibited the activation of CAFs, reduced the deposition of ECM, and reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. In brief, the nanosized delivery system composed of CTHLs and DGNs could effectively improve the therapeutic effect of liver cancer by blocking the "CAFs-ECM" axis, which has a good clinical application prospect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Wu
- School of Nursing, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, P.R. China
| | - Fangqing Wang
- School of Nursing, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, P.R. China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jinping Dong
- School of Nursing, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, P.R. China
| | - Suqiu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Nursing, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- School of Nursing, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, P.R. China
| | - Xuemin Liu
- School of Nursing, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, 262700, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Guixiang Tian
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Idowu S, Bertrand PP, Walduck AK. Gastric organoids: Advancing the study of H. pylori pathogenesis and inflammation. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12891. [PMID: 35384141 PMCID: PMC9287064 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For decades, traditional in vitro and in vivo models used for the study of Helicobacter pylori infection have relied heavily on the use of gastric cancer cell lines and rodents. Major challenges faced by these methods have been the inability to study cancer initiation in already cancerous cell lines, and the difficulty in translating results obtained in animal models due to genetic differences. These challenges have prevented a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and slowed the development of cancer therapies and a suitable vaccine against the pathogen. In recent years, the development of gastric organoids has provided great advantages over the traditional in vivo and in vitro models due to their similarities to the human stomach in vivo, their ease of use, and the capacity for long-term culture. This review discusses the advantages and limitations of existing in vivo and in vitro models of H. pylori infection, and how gastric organoids have been applied to study H. pylori pathogenesis, with a focus on how the pathogen interacts with the gastric epithelium, inflammatory processes, epithelial repair, and cancer initiation. The potential applications of organoids to address more complex questions on the role of hormones, vaccine-induced immunity are also discussed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Alzeeb G, Dubreuil M, Arzur D, Rivet S, Corcos L, Grand YL, Le Jossic-Corcos C. Gastric cancer multicellular spheroid analysis by two-photon microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:3120-3130. [PMID: 35774334 PMCID: PMC9203106 DOI: 10.1364/boe.450518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is highly deadly. Three-dimensional (3D) cancer cell cultures, known as spheroids, better mimic tumor microenvironment (TME) than standard 2D cultures. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), a major cellular component of TME, promote or restrain cancer cell proliferation, invasion and resistance to drugs. We established spheroids from two human GC cell lines mixed with human primary CAF. Spheroid organization, analyzed by two-photon microscopy, showed CAF in AGS/CAF spheroids clustered in the center, but dispersed throughout in HGT-1/CAF spheroids. Such differences may reflect clonal specificities of GC cell lines and point to the fact that GC should be considered as a highly personalized disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Alzeeb
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Matthieu Dubreuil
- Univ Brest, Laboratory of Optics and Magnetism OPTIMAG EA 938, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Danielle Arzur
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Sylvain Rivet
- Univ Brest, Laboratory of Optics and Magnetism OPTIMAG EA 938, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Laurent Corcos
- Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, INSERM, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Yann Le Grand
- Univ Brest, Laboratory of Optics and Magnetism OPTIMAG EA 938, F-29200 Brest, France
- Equal contribution
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gastric cancer cell death analyzed by live cell imaging of spheroids. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1488. [PMID: 35087119 PMCID: PMC8795446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05426-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and is often diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease. This makes the development of more comprehensive models and efficient treatments crucial. One option is based on repurposing already marketed drugs as adjuvants to chemotherapy. Accordingly, we have previously developed the combination of docetaxel and the cholesterol-lowering drug, lovastatin, as a powerful trigger of HGT-1 human GC cells' apoptosis using 2D cultures. Because 3D models, known as spheroids, are getting recognized as possibly better suited than 2Ds in toxicological research, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of this drug combination with such a model. We established monocellular spheroids from two human (GC) cell lines, HGT-1 and AGS, and bicellular spheroids from these cells mixed with cancer-associated fibroblasts. With these, we surveyed drug-induced cytotoxicity with MTT assays. In addition, we used the Incucyte live imaging and analysis system to follow spheroid growth and apoptosis. Taken together, our results showed that the lovastatin + docetaxel combination was an efficient strategy to eliminate GC cells grown in 2D or 3D cultures, lending further support in favor of repurposing lovastatin as an adjuvant to taxane-based anticancer treatment.
Collapse
|
18
|
Jayme CC, Pires AF, Fernandes DS, Bi H, Tedesco AC. DNA polymer films used as drug delivery systems to early-stage diagnose and treatment of breast cancer using 3D tumor spheroids as a model. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 37:102575. [PMID: 34628073 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines the designer of DNA polymeric films (DNA-PFs) associated with aluminum chloride phthalocyanine (AlClPc) (DNA-PFs-AlClPc), as a promising drug delivery system (DDS), applicable for breast cancer treatment and early-stage diagnosis using photodynamic therapy (PDT). This study starts evaluating (MCF7) as a model for breast cancer cell behavior associated with DNA-PFs. Analyses of the morphological behaviors, biochemical reaction, and MCF7 cell adhesion profile on DNA-PFs were evaluated. SEM and AFM analysis allowed the morphological characterization of the DNA-PFs. Cell viability and cell cycle kinetics studies indicate highly biocompatible material capable of anchoring MCF7 cells, allowing the attachment and support of cell in the same structure where the insertion of AlClPc (DNA-PFs-AlClPc). The application of visible light photoactivation based on classical PDT protocol over the DNA-PFs-AlClPc showed a reduction in cell viability with increased cell death proportional to the fluency energy range from 600, 900, and 1800 mJ cm-2. The 3D organoid system mimics the tumor microenvironment which was precisely observed in human breast cancer in early-stage progression in the body. The results observed indicate that the viability was reduced by more than 80% in monolayer culture and around 50% in the 3D organoid cell culture at the highest energy fluency (1800 mJ cm-2). We could also point out that with low energy fluency (100 mJ cm-2,), the DNA-PFs-AlClPc did not show a cytotoxic effect on MCF7 cells, enabling this user dose for the photodiagnosis of early-stage human breast cancer detection in the initial stage of progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Ceron Jayme
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Ananda Ferreira Pires
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Daniela Silvestrini Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Hong Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wuputra K, Ku CC, Kato K, Wu DC, Saito S, Yokoyama KK. Translational models of 3-D organoids and cancer stem cells in gastric cancer research. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:492. [PMID: 34488885 PMCID: PMC8420044 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is postulated as a general concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that they can produce cancer cells overtly and repopulate cancer progenitor cells indefinitely. The CSC niche is part of a specialized cancer microenvironment that is important to keep the phenotypes of CSCs. Stem cell- and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived organoids with genetic manipulation are beneficial to the investigation of the regulation of the microenvironment of CSCs. It would be useful to assess the efficiency of the cancer microenvironment on initiation and progression of cancers. To identify CSCs in cancer tissues, normal cell organoids and gastric cancer organoids from the cancerous areas, as well as iPSCs, were established several years ago. However, many questions remain about the extent to which these cultures recapitulate the development of the gastrointestinal tract and the mechanism of Helicobacter pylori-induced cancer progression. To clarify the fidelity of human organoid models, we have noted several key issues for the cultivation of, and differences between, normal and cancerous organoids. We developed precise culture conditions for gastric organoids in vitro to improve the accuracy of the generation of organoid models for therapeutic and medical applications. In addition, the current knowledge on gastrointestinal CSC research, including the topic of CSC markers, cancer cell reprogramming, and application to target cancer cell plasticity through niches, should be reinforced. We discuss the progression of cancers derived from human gastric organoids and the identification of CSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenly Wuputra
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Cell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Ku
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Cell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan
| | - Kohsuke Kato
- Department of Infection Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, The University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Cell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicines, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan
| | - Shigeo Saito
- Waseda Research Institute of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-0051, Japan. .,Saito Laboratory of Cell Technology, Yaita, Tochigi, 329-1571, Japan.
| | - Kazunari K Yokoyama
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Cell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan. .,Waseda Research Institute of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-0051, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mousavi N. Characterization of in vitro 3D cultures. APMIS 2021; 129 Suppl 142:1-30. [PMID: 34399444 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, 3D culture models of human and animal cells have found their way into tissue differentiation, drug development, personalized medicine and tumour behaviour studies. Embryoid bodies (EBs) are in vitro 3D cultures established from murine pluripotential stem cells, whereas tumoroids are patient-derived in vitro 3D cultures. This thesis aims to describe a new implication of an embryoid body model and to characterize the patient-specific microenvironment of the parental tumour in relation to tumoroid growth rate. In this thesis, we described a high-throughput monitoring method, where EBs are used as a dynamic angiogenesis model. In this model, digital image analysis (DIA) is implemented on immunohistochemistry (IHC) stained sections of the cultures over time. Furthermore, we have investigated the correlation between the genetic profile and inflammatory microenvironment of parental tumours on the in vitro growth rate of tumoroids. The EBs were cultured in spinner flasks. The samples were collected at days 4, 6, 9, 14, 18 and 21, dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. The histological sections were IHC stained for the endothelial marker CD31 and digitally scanned. The virtual whole-image slides were digitally analysed by Visiopharm® software. Histological evaluation showed vascular-like structures over time. The quantitative DIA was plausible to monitor significant increase in the total area of the EBs and an increase in endothelial differentiation. The tumoroids were established from 32 colorectal adenocarcinomas. The in vitro growth rate of the tumoroids was followed by automated microscopy over an 11-day period. The parental tumours were analysed by next-generation sequencing for KRAS, TP53, PIK3CA, SMAD4, MAP2K1, BRAF, FGFR3 and FBXW7 status. The tumoroids established from KRAS-mutated parental tumours showed a significantly higher growth rate compared to their wild-type counterparts. The density of CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages was calculated in the centre of the tumours and at the invasive margin of the tumours. The high density of CD3+ cells and the low density of CD68+ cells showed a significant correlation with a higher growth rate of the tumoroids. In conclusion, a novel approach for histological monitoring of endothelial differentiation is presented in the stem cell-derived EBs. Furthermore, the KRAS status and density of CD3+ T cells and macrophages in the parental tumour influence the growth rate of the tumoroids. Our results indicate that these parameters should be included when tumoroids are to be implemented in personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabi Mousavi
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang Y, Yang G, Liu X, Xu Y, Zhao S, Zhang W, Xu M. Construction of Lung Tumor Model for Drug Screening Based on 3D Bio-Printing Technology. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As is known to all, the biological characteristics of two-dimensional (2D) cultured cells are quite different from those in vivo, so the 2D screening model can no longer meet people’s needs. With the development of tissue engineering, people are committed to developing 3D tissue
models that can better reflect the biology in vivo, and tend to be mass and miniaturized. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) bio-printing was used to develop an appropriate 3D model for screening sensitive anti-lung cancer drugs in vitro. A549 lung cancer cells were mixed with 8% sodium
alginate and 5% gelatin as bio-printing ink to fabricate a cell-laden hydrogel grid scaffold structure. The sensitivity of the printed 3D model to drugs was evaluated with eight anti-tumor traditional Chinese medicines. A fluorescent live/dead staining was carried out at different time to
assess the cell survival rate in the 3D scaffolds. MTT assay was used to determine the inhibitory rate of eight antitumor traditional Chinese medicines on A549 cell proliferation in 3D-printed lung tumor models and conventional 2D culture models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Geng Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xingzhu Liu
- Institute of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yimeng Xu
- Institute of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Siyu Zhao
- Institute of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhang
- Institute of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mengjiao Xu
- Institute of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, 182 Tian Mu Shan Road, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Metastatic behavior analyses of tetraspanin TM4SF5-expressing spheres in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture environment. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:1162-1172. [PMID: 33222072 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis involves diverse cellular functions via bidirectional communications between intracellular and extracellular spaces. To achieve development of the anti-metastatic drugs, one needs to consider the efficacy and mode of action (MOA) of the drug candidates to block the metastatic potentials of cancerous cells. Rather than under two-dimensional environment, investigation of the metastatic potentials under three-dimensional environment would be much pharmaceutically beneficent, since it can mimic the in vivo tumor lesions in cancer patients, leading to allowance of drug candidates analyzed in the 3D culture systems to lower failure rates during the anti-metastatic drug development. Here we have reviewed on the analyses of metastatic potentials of certain cancer models in 3D culture systems surrounded with extracellular matrix proteins, which could be supported by TM4SF5- and/or EMT-mediated actions. We particularly focused the initial events of the cancer metastasis, such as invasive outgrowth and dissemination from the cancer cell masses, spheroids, embedded in the 3D gel culture systems. This review summarizes the significance of tetraspanin TM4SF5 and Snail1 that are related to EMT in the metastatic potentials explored in the 3D gel systems.
Collapse
|