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Wu W, Li X, Li X, Zhao J, Gui Y, Luo Y, Wang H, Wang L, Yuan C. The Role of Long Non-Coding RNF144A-AS1 in Cancer Progression. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01411-9. [PMID: 39014185 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
RNAs transcribing more than 200 nucleotides without encoding proteins are termed long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs). LncRNAs can be used as decoy molecules, signal molecules, scaffolds, and guide molecules. Long non-coding RNAs can interact with DNA, chromatin-modifying complexes, and transcriptional regulatory proteins, regulating gene expression in the cell nucleus. It is distributed in cytoplasm; they also participate in mRNA degradation and translational regulation via miRNAs, other transcription products, and proteins. They play a significant role in the development of various diseases, including tumors. Cancer seriously threatens human life and health. Regretfully, a great deal of newly diagnosed cancer patients found to have metastasized. RNF144A-AS1, also referred to as GRASLND, was initially recognized for its regulation of chondrogenic differentiation in MSCs. Focusing on RNF144A-AS1, this review summarizes and discusses the latest progress of RNF144A-AS1 in bladder cancer, glioblastoma, papillary renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, osteosarcoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer. RNF144A-AS1 has good potential in tumor treatment and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- The Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- The Second People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Xueqing Li
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Jiale Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yibei Gui
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yiyang Luo
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Hailin Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
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2
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Nemours S, Armesto M, Arestín M, Manini C, Giustetto D, Sperga M, Pivovarcikova K, Pérez-Montiel D, Hes O, Michal M, López JI, Lawrie CH. Non-coding RNA and gene expression analyses of papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity (PRNRP) reveal distinct pathological mechanisms from other renal neoplasms. Pathology 2024; 56:493-503. [PMID: 38413252 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Papillary renal neoplasm with reversed polarity (PRNRP) is a recently described rare renal neoplasm. Traditionally, it was considered a variant of papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC). However, several studies reported significant differences between PRNRP and PRCC in terms of clinical, morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular features. Nonetheless, PRNRP remains a poorly understood entity. We used microarray analysis to elucidate the non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and gene expression profiles of 10 PRNRP cases and compared them with other renal neoplasms. Unsupervised cluster analysis showed that PRNRP had distinct expression profiles from either clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) or PRCC cases at the level of ncRNA but were less distinct at the level of gene expression. An integrated omic approach determined miRNA:gene interactions that distinguished PRNRP from PRCC and we validated 10 differentially expressed miRNAs and six genes by quantitative RT-PCR. We found that levels of the miRNAs, miR-148a, miR-375 and miR-429, were up-regulated in PRNRP cases compared to ccRCC and PRCC. miRNA target genes, including KRAS and VEGFA oncogenes, and CXCL8, which regulates VEGFA, were also differentially expressed between renal neoplasms. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) determined different activation of metabolic pathways between PRNRP and PRCC cases. Overall, this study is by far the largest molecular study of PRNRP cases and the first to investigate either ncRNA expression or their gene expression by microarray assays.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Female
- Male
- Aged
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
- Gene Expression Profiling
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Adult
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics
- Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Nemours
- Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Oncology Area, Molecular Oncology Group, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María Armesto
- Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Oncology Area, Molecular Oncology Group, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María Arestín
- Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Oncology Area, Molecular Oncology Group, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Claudia Manini
- Department of Pathology, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy; Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Doriana Giustetto
- Department of Pathology, Maria Victoria Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maris Sperga
- Department of Pathology, Stradin's University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristyna Pivovarcikova
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ondrej Hes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Michal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic; Bioptical Laboratory Ltd, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - José I López
- Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Charles H Lawrie
- Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Oncology Area, Molecular Oncology Group, San Sebastian, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Sino-Swiss Institute of Advanced Technology (SSIAT), University of Shanghai, Shanghai, China; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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3
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Hu X, Li D, Zhan J, Yang C, Wang P, Meng X, Xu S, Che X, Xu L. microRNA-141-3p Suppressed the Progression of the Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma by Targeting Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2 Gene Expression. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:245-257. [PMID: 38489601 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a malignant tumor of kidney epithelial cells, one of the most common tumors in the world. Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)1 is a crucial factor that induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells. microRNA-141-3p (miR-141-3p) is a microRNA that is considered a tumor suppressor. However, the role and mechanism of miR-141-3p in TGFβ1-induced ccRCC cells are not fully understood. This study investigated the roles of miR-141-3p and its target gene in regulating EMT in ccRCC development. 786-0 and Caki-1cells were treated with TGFβ1 to induce EMT. The levels of miR-141-3p and TGFβ2 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The progression of EMT was evaluated by E-cadherin detection by immunofluorescence, and E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin detection by Western blotting. Furthermore, migration and invasion capacities were assessed using a Transwell system. The direct binding of miR-141-3p with the target gene TGFβ2 was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Results indicated that TGFβ1 treatment decreased the protein abundance of E-cadherin while increasing the protein expression of N-cadherin and vimentin, indicating TGFβ1-induced EMT was constructed successfully. Moreover, TGFβ1 treatment repressed the expression of miR-141-3p. miR-141-3p mimics reversed the effect of TGFβ1 on the migration, invasion, and expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin. The miR-141-3p directly binds with the 3' untranslated region of TGFβ2 mRNA and suppresses its expression. Furthermore, TGFβ2 overexpression abrogated the above changes regulated by miR-141-3p mimics. Taken together, miR-141-3p inhibited TGFβ1-induced EMT by suppressing the migration and invasion of ccRCC cells via directly targeting TGFβ2 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Hu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Desheng Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Jiangtao Zhan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Changmin Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Xusong Meng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Xianping Che
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
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Ayed A. The role of natural products versus miRNA in renal cell carcinoma: implications for disease mechanisms and diagnostic markers. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03121-8. [PMID: 38691151 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Natural products are chemical compounds produced by living organisms. They are isolated and purified to determine their function and can potentially be used as therapeutic agents. The ability of some bioactive natural products to modify the course of cancer is fascinating and promising. In the past 50 years, there have been advancements in cancer therapy that have increased survival rates for localized tumors. However, there has been little progress in treating advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which is resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. Oncogenes and tumor suppressors are two roles played by microRNAs (miRNAs). They are involved in important pathogenetic mechanisms like hypoxia and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); they control apoptosis, cell growth, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and proliferation through target proteins involved in various signaling pathways. Depending on their expression pattern, miRNAs may identify certain subtypes of RCC or distinguish tumor tissue from healthy renal tissue. As diagnostic biomarkers of RCC, circulating miRNAs show promise. There is a correlation between the expression patterns of several miRNAs and the prognosis and diagnosis of patients with RCC. Potentially high-risk primary tumors may be identified by comparing original tumor tissue with metastases. Variations in miRNA expression between treatment-sensitive and therapy-resistant patients' tissues and serum allow for the estimation of responsiveness to target therapy. Our knowledge of miRNAs' function in RCC etiology has a tremendous uptick. Finding and validating their gene targets could have an immediate effect on creating anticancer treatments based on miRNAs. Several miRNAs have the potential to be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current knowledge regarding natural compounds and their modes of action in combating cancer. Also, this study aims to give information about the diagnostic and prognostic value of miRNAs as cancer biomarkers and their involvement in the pathogenesis of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Ayed
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, P.O Box 551, 61922, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Gadewal N, Natu A, Sen S, Rauniyar S, Bastikar V, Gupta S. Integrative epigenome-transcriptome analysis unravels cancer-specific over-expressed genes potentially regulating immune microenvironment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130596. [PMID: 38471632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) is the frequently diagnosed histological life-threatening tumor subtype in the urinary system. Integrating multi-omics data is emerging as a tool to provide a comprehensive view of biology and disease for better therapeutic interventions. METHOD We have integrated freely available ccRCC data sets of genome-wide DNA methylome, transcriptome, and active histone modification marks, H3K27ac, H3K4me1, and H3K4me3 specific ChIP-seq data to screen genes with higher expression. Further, these genes were filtered based on their effect on survival upon alteration in expression. RESULTS The six multi-omics-based identified genes, RUNX1, MSC, ADA, TREML1, TGFA, and VWF, showed higher expression with enrichment of active histone marks and hypomethylated CpG in ccRCC. In continuation, the identified genes were validated by an independent dataset and showed a correlation with nodal and metastatic status. Furthermore, gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed that immune-related pathways are activated in ccRCC patients. CONCLUSIONS The network analysis of six overexpressed genes suggests their potential role in an immunosuppressive environment, leading to tumor progression and poor prognosis. Our study shows that the multi-omics approach helps unravel complex biology for patient subtyping and proposes combination strategies with epi-drugs for more precise immunotherapy in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Gadewal
- Bioinformatics & Computational Biology Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, MH, India; Center for Computational Biology & Translational Research, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Mumbai - Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Post - Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, 410206, MH, India
| | - Abhiram Natu
- Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Lab, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, MH, India
| | - Siddhartha Sen
- Bioinformatics & Computational Biology Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, MH, India
| | - Sukanya Rauniyar
- Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Lab, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, MH, India
| | - Virupaksha Bastikar
- Center for Computational Biology & Translational Research, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Mumbai - Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Post - Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, 410206, MH, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Lab, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, MH, India.
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6
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Sayed GI, Solyman M, El Gedawy G, Moemen YS, Aboul-Ella H, Hassanien AE. Circulating miRNA's biomarkers for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients based on machine learning algorithms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4989. [PMID: 38424116 PMCID: PMC10904762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer, which ranks sixth globally and third in cancer-related deaths, is caused by chronic liver disorders and a variety of risk factors. Despite therapeutic improvements, the prognosis for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains poor, with a 5-year survival rate for advanced cases of less than 12%. Although there is a noticeable decrease in the frequency of cases, liver cancer remains a significant worldwide health concern, with estimates surpassing one million cases by 2025. The prevalence of HCC has increased in Egypt, and it includes several neoplasms with distinctive messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles. In HCC patients, certain miRNAs, such as miRNA-483-5P and miRNA-21, are upregulated, whereas miRNA-155 is elevated in HCV-infected people, encouraging hepatocyte proliferation. Short noncoding RNAs called miRNAs in circulation have the potential as HCC diagnostic and prognostic markers. This paper proposed a model for examining circulating miRNAs as diagnostic and predictive markers for HCC in Egyptian patients and their clinical and pathological characteristics. The proposed HCC detection model consists of three main phases: data preprocessing phase, feature selection based on the proposed Binary African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (BAVO) phase, and finally, classification as well as cross-validation phase. The first phase namely the data preprocessing phase tackle the main problems associated with the adopted datasets. In the feature selection based on the proposed BAVO algorithm phase, a new binary version of the BAVO swarm-based algorithm is introduced to select the relevant markers for HCC. Finally, in the last phase, namely the classification and cross-validation phase, the support vector machine and k-folds cross-validation method are utilized. The proposed model is evaluated on three studies on Egyptians who had HCC. A comparison between the proposed model and traditional statistical studies is reported to demonstrate the superiority of using the machine learning model for evaluating circulating miRNAs as diagnostic markers of HCC. The specificity and sensitivity for differentiation of HCC cases in comparison with the statistical-based method for the first study were 98% against 88% and 99% versus 92%, respectively. The second study revealed the sensitivity and specificity were 97.78% against 90% and 98.89% versus 92.5%, respectively. The third study reported 83.2% against 88.8% and 95.80% versus 92.4%, respectively. Additionally, the results show that circulating miRNA-483-5p, 21, and 155 may be potential new prognostic and early diagnostic biomarkers for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehad Ismail Sayed
- School of Computer Science, Canadian International College (CIC), Cairo, Egypt
- Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Solyman
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamalat El Gedawy
- Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics Department, National Liver Institute, Menofia University, Menofia, Egypt
- Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine S Moemen
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menofia University, Menofia, Egypt
- Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan Aboul-Ella
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Aboul Ella Hassanien
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- College of Business Administration, Kuwait University, Al Shadadiya, Kuwait
- Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Sellner F, Compérat E, Klimpfinger M. Genetic and Epigenetic Characteristics in Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16292. [PMID: 38003482 PMCID: PMC10671160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolated pancreatic metastases of renal cell carcinoma (IsPMRCC) are a rare manifestation of metastatic, clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in which distant metastases occur exclusively in the pancreas. In addition to the main symptom of the isolated occurrence of pancreatic metastases, the entity surprises with additional clinical peculiarities: (a) the unusually long interval of about 9 years between the primary RCC and the onset of pancreatic metastases; (b) multiple pancreatic metastases occurring in 36% of cases; (c) favourable treatment outcomes with a 75% 5-year survival rate; and (d) volume and growth-rate dependent risk factors generally accepted to be relevant for overall survival in metastatic surgery are insignificant in isPMRCC. The genetic and epigenetic causes of exclusive pancreatic involvement have not yet been investigated and are currently unknown. Conversely, according to the few available data in the literature, the following genetic and epigenetic peculiarities can already be identified as the cause of the protracted course: 1. high genetic stability of the tumour cell clones in both the primary tumour and the pancreatic metastases; 2. a low frequency of copy number variants associated with aggressiveness, such as 9p, 14q and 4q loss; 3. in the chromatin-modifying genes, a decreased rate of PAB1 (3%) and an increased rate of PBRM1 (77%) defects are seen, a profile associated with a favourable course; 4. an increased incidence of KDM5C mutations, which, in common with increased PBRM1 alterations, is also associated with a favourable outcome; and 5. angiogenetic biomarkers are increased in tumour tissue, while inflammatory biomarkers are decreased, which explains the good response to TKI therapy and lack of sensitivity to IT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Sellner
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Clinic Favoriten Vienna, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, 1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Compérat
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Klimpfinger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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8
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Liu Y, Guo S, Xie W, Yang H, Li W, Zhou N, Yang J, Zhou G, Mao C, Zheng Y. Identification of microRNA editing sites in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15117. [PMID: 37704698 PMCID: PMC10499803 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a malignant tumor originating from the renal tubular epithelium. Although the microRNAs (miRNAs) transcriptome of ccRCC has been extensively studied, the role of miRNAs editing in ccRCC is largely unknown. By analyzing small RNA sequencing profiles of renal tissues of 154 ccRCC patients and 22 normal controls, we identified 1025 miRNA editing sites from 246 pre-miRNAs. There were 122 editing events with significantly different editing levels in ccRCC compared to normal samples, which include two A-to-I editing events in the seed regions of hsa-mir-376a-3p and hsa-mir-376c-3p, respectively, and one C-to-U editing event in the seed region of hsa-mir-29c-3p. After comparing the targets of the original and edited miRNAs, we found that hsa-mir-376a-1_49g, hsa-mir-376c_48g and hsa-mir-29c_59u had many new targets, respectively. Many of these new targets were deregulated in ccRCC, which might be related to the different editing levels of hsa-mir-376a-3p, hsa-mir-376c-3p, hsa-mir-29c-3p in ccRCC compared to normal controls. Our study sheds new light on miRNA editing events and their potential biological functions in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shiyong Guo
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenping Xie
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Huaide Yang
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Wanran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Criminal Investigation, Yunnan Police College, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangchen Zhou
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunyi Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun Zheng
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
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9
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Wang R, Liu Y, Li J, Zhao Y, An R, Ma Z. A risk signature of ubiquitin-specific protease family predict the prognosis and therapy of kidney cancer patients. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:153. [PMID: 37259026 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) are closely related to protein fate and cellular processes through various molecular signalling pathways, including DNA damage repair, p53, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathways. In recent years, increasing evidence has revealed the pivotal role of ubiquitination in tumorigenesis of KIRC. However, USPs' molecular mechanism and clinical relevance in kidney cancer still need further exploration. Our study first determined prognosis-related ubiquitin-specific proteases (PRUSPs) in KIRC. We found these genes co-expressed with each other and might regulate different substrates. Based on the USPs' expression, the PRUSPs risk signature was constructed to predict the survival probability of KIRC patients. The patients in high-PRUSPs-risk group showed a low survival rate. ROC and calibration curve indicated a discriminate capacity of the signature, and uni-/multi-variate Cox regression analysis revealed that the PRUSPs score is an independent prognostic factor. In different KIRC clinical subgroups and external validation cohorts (including E-MTAB-1980 and TCGA-KIRP cohorts), the PRUSPs risk signature showed strong robustness and practicability. Further analysis found that high-risk group showed activation of immune-related pathways and high PD-1/CTLA4 expression, revealing that high-risk patients might be sensitive to immunotherapy. In summary, we constructed the USPs risk signature to predict kidney cancer prognosis, which provided the theoretical foundation for further clinical or pre-clinical experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Wang
- Department of Urology, Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, General Hospital of Tisco, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingxian Li
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yubao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, General Hospital of Tisco, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rui An
- Department of Urology, Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, General Hospital of Tisco, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhifang Ma
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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Kalantzakos T, Hooper K, Das S, Sullivan T, Canes D, Moinzadeh A, Rieger-Christ K. MicroRNA-155-5p Targets JADE-1, Promoting Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097825. [PMID: 37175531 PMCID: PMC10178234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) incidence has been rising in recent years, with strong association between differential microRNA (miRNA) expression and neoplastic progression. Specifically, overexpression of miR-155-5p has been associated with promoting aggressive cancer in ccRCC and other cancers. In this study, we further investigate the role of this miRNA and one of its protein targets, Jade-1, to better understand the mechanism behind aggressive forms of ccRCC. Jade-1, a tumor suppressor, is stabilized by Von-Hippel Lindau (VHL), which is frequently mutated in ccRCC. Experiments featuring downregulation of miR-155-5p in two ccRCC cell lines (786-O and Caki-1) attenuated their oncogenic potential and led to increased levels of Jade-1. Conversely, knockdown experiments with an anti-Jade-1 shRNA in 786-O and Caki-1 cells showed increased metastatic potential through elevated proliferation, migration, and invasion rates. In a mouse xenograft model, downregulation of miR-155 decreased the rate of tumor implantation and proliferation. Direct interaction between miR-155-5p and Jade-1 was confirmed through a 3'UTR luciferase reporter assay. These findings further elucidate the mechanism of action of miR-155-5p in driving an aggressive phenotype in ccRCC through its role in regulating Jade-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kalantzakos
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA
| | - Kailey Hooper
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA
| | - Sanjna Das
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA
| | - Travis Sullivan
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA
| | - David Canes
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA
| | - Alireza Moinzadeh
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA
| | - Kimberly Rieger-Christ
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA
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11
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Elballal MS, Sallam AAM, Elesawy AE, Shahin RK, Midan HM, Elrebehy MA, Elazazy O, El-Boghdady RM, Blasy SH, Amer NM, Farid HI, Mohammed DA, Ahmed SA, Mohamed SS, Doghish AS. miRNAs as potential game-changers in renal cell carcinoma: Future clinical and medicinal uses. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154439. [PMID: 37028108 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has the highest mortality rate of all genitourinary cancers, and its prevalence has grown over time. While RCC can be surgically treated and recurrence is only probable in a tiny proportion of patients, early diagnosis is crucial. Mutations in a large number of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes contribute to pathway dysregulation in RCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have considerable promise as biomarkers for detecting cancer due to their special combination of properties. Several miRNAs have been proposed as a diagnostic or monitoring tool for RCC based on their presence in the blood or urine. Moreover, the expression profile of particular miRNAs has been associated with the response to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted therapeutic options like sunitinib. The goal of this review is to go over the development, spread, and evolution of RCC. Also, we emphasize the outcomes of studies that examined the use of miRNAs in RCC patients as biomarkers, therapeutic targets, or modulators of responsiveness to treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Elesawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Reem K Shahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Ola Elazazy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | | | - Shaimaa Hassan Blasy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Nada Mahmoud Amer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Hadeer Ibrahim Farid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Dina Ashraf Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Adly Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sally Samir Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
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12
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Gonilski-Pacin D, Ciancio del Giudice N, Elguero B, Arzt E. Expression of RSUME is associated with poor prognosis in clear cell Renal Carcinoma: involvement of ROS related metabolism. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2023; 21:393-402.e5. [PMID: 37059686 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION RSUME (RWD domain-containing protein SUMO Enhancer), RWD domain containing 3 (RWDD3) gene product, is upregulated by hypoxia and expressed in organs prone to develop von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated RSUME prognostic value in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) based mainly on the dataset (KIRC) from patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Wilcoxon signed-rank test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's test were used to evaluate relationships between clinicopathological features and RSUME expression and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis methods were used to evaluate prognostic factors. The biological function of RSUME was assessed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). For validation, total amount of ROS was detected in ccRCC cell lines using dichlorofluorescin diacetate. RESULTS RSUME is highly expressed in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues (P = .006, P = .039, P = .002, P = .036, P < .001) and associates with tumor T (P = .018) and tumor M (P = .036) advanced stages and higher extent cysts (P = .005). RSUME expression appears to be an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) (P = .002) and disease-specific survival (DSS) (P = .026) in ccRCC patients. GSEA showed enrichment of relevant glycerophospholipid- and ROS-related pathways in RSUME high-expression phenotype. ROS diminished levels in RSUME-silenced ccRCC cell lines validated RSUME relevance in ROS-related pathways. CONCLUSION RSUME high expression may predict poor prognosis in ccRCC and impact through its action on metabolism and ROS related pathways.
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The expression profiling of serum miR-92a, miR-134 and miR-375 in acute ischemic stroke. Future Sci OA 2022; 8:FSO829. [PMID: 36874371 PMCID: PMC9979103 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2022-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the expression profile and diagnostic potentials of serum miR-92a, 134, and 375 in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Materials & methods Serum miRs-92a, 134, and 375 expression profiles were estimated by qRT-PCR for 70 AIS patients, age-matched with 25 control subjects. Their diagnostic potential was estimated by ROC analysis. Results Down-expression of miR-92a and miR-375 was found (56; 96.5%; -1.86 ± 1.36; and 53; 91.4%; -1.63 ± 1.38, respectively), while miR-134 showed a predominant upregulation (46; 79.3%; 0.853 ± 1.34). The diagnostic accuracy was the highest for miR-92a and miR-375 (area under the curve = 0.9183 and 0.898, respectively), with greater specificity for miR-375 (Sp = 96%). Conclusion Serum miR-92a and miR-375 could be promising early detective biomarkers of AIS.
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Luo Y, Zhang G. Identification of a Necroptosis-Related Prognostic Index and Associated Regulatory Axis in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:5407-5423. [PMID: 35685693 PMCID: PMC9173730 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s367173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Luo
- Department of Urology, the Second People’s Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yong Luo, Department of Urology, the Second People’s Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Southern Medical University, 78 Weiguo Road, Foshan, 528000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15625093895, Fax +86-0757-88032009, Email
| | - Guian Zhang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guian Zhang, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13246808932, Email
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Wang B, Xue Y, Zhai W. Integration of Tumor Microenvironment in Patient-Derived Organoid Models Help Define Precision Medicine of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:902060. [PMID: 35592336 PMCID: PMC9111175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.902060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common urological tumor, with a poor prognosis, as the result of insensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. About 20%–30% of patients with RCC have metastasis at the first diagnosis, so only systemic treatment is possible. Due to the heterogeneity of renal tumors, responses to drugs differ from person to person. Consequently, patient-derived organoid, highly recapitulating tumor heterogeneity, becomes a promising model for high-throughput ex vivo drug screening and thus guides the drug choice of patients with RCC. Systemic treatment of RCC mainly targets the tumor microenvironment, including neovasculature and immune cells. We reviewed several methods with which patient-derived organoid models mimic the heterogeneity of not only tumor epithelium but also the tumor microenvironment. We further discuss some new aspects of the development of patient-derived organoids, preserving in vivo conditions in patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingran Wang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizheng Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Li W, Li G, Cao L. Circular RNA Eps15-homology domain-containing protein 2 induce resistance of renal cell carcinoma to sunitinib via microRNA-4731-5p/ABCF2 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9729-9740. [PMID: 35412955 PMCID: PMC9161974 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2059960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are linked with the occurrence and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, circRNAs’ mechanism in developing resistance to RCC has not been clarified. This research assessed the role and mechanism of circular RNA circ Eps15-homology domain-containing protein 2 (EHD2) in the resistance of sunitinib (SU) to RCC. ACHN, 786-O, 769P, and HEK-293 T cells and RCC tissue samples were used for the investigations. The circEHD2 expression in RCC cells and tissues was determined through RT-qPCR. Association of circEHD2 with RCC histological grade of RCC was done through Chi-square. MiR-4731-5p, ABCF2, and circEHD2 were transfected into RCC cell lines. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the interaction between miR-4731-5p, circEHD2, and ABCF2. MTT assay was used to analyze cell viability, while apoptosis was studied using flow cytometry. Colony-formation and transwell experiments were used to assess migration and invasion. The ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily F Member 2 (ABCF2) expression was analyzed through western blot. The results showed increased circEHD2 in SU-resistant RCC tissues and cell lines and implicated in RCC histological grade and SU resistance. Knock-down of circEHD2 down-regulated the resistance of RCC to SU in vitro and vivo; circEHD2 bound to miR-4731-5p to mediate ABCF2 in RCC; ABCF2 rescued the inhibitory effect of circEHD2 knock-down on SU resistance of RCC. In conclusion, circEHD2 enhances RCC resistance to SU via acting as a miR-4731-5p sponge to mediate ABCF2. MiR-4731-5p can target circEHD2 and ABCF2, thus providing a novel and effective therapeutic against renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - GaiXia Li
- Department of Electrocardiography Room, Qingdao Women's and Children's Hospital, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - LuQuan Cao
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Jinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
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The Role of microRNAs in Cancer: Functions, Biomarkers and Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040872. [PMID: 35205620 PMCID: PMC8870119 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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