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Burström G, Amini M, El-Hajj VG, Arfan A, Gharios M, Buwaider A, Losch MS, Manni F, Edström E, Elmi-Terander A. Optical Methods for Brain Tumor Detection: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2676. [PMID: 38731204 PMCID: PMC11084501 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: In brain tumor surgery, maximal tumor resection is typically desired. This is complicated by infiltrative tumor cells which cannot be visually distinguished from healthy brain tissue. Optical methods are an emerging field that can potentially revolutionize brain tumor surgery through intraoperative differentiation between healthy and tumor tissues. Methods: This study aimed to systematically explore and summarize the existing literature on the use of Raman Spectroscopy (RS), Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI), Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) for brain tumor detection. MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies evaluating the accuracy of these systems for brain tumor detection. Outcome measures included accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: In total, 44 studies were included, covering a range of tumor types and technologies. Accuracy metrics in the studies ranged between 54 and 100% for RS, 69 and 99% for HSI, 82 and 99% for OCT, and 42 and 100% for DRS. Conclusions: This review provides insightful evidence on the use of optical methods in distinguishing tumor from healthy brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Burström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.B.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (E.E.)
| | - Misha Amini
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.B.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (E.E.)
| | - Victor Gabriel El-Hajj
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.B.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (E.E.)
| | - Arooj Arfan
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.B.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (E.E.)
| | - Maria Gharios
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.B.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (E.E.)
| | - Ali Buwaider
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.B.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (E.E.)
| | - Merle S. Losch
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2627 Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Manni
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), 5612 Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Erik Edström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.B.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (E.E.)
- Capio Spine Center Stockholm, Löwenströmska Hospital, 194 80 Upplands-Väsby, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 701 85 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Adrian Elmi-Terander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.B.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (E.E.)
- Capio Spine Center Stockholm, Löwenströmska Hospital, 194 80 Upplands-Väsby, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 701 85 Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 35 Uppsala, Sweden
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2
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Pichol-Thievend C, Anezo O, Pettiwala AM, Bourmeau G, Montagne R, Lyne AM, Guichet PO, Deshors P, Ballestín A, Blanchard B, Reveilles J, Ravi VM, Joseph K, Heiland DH, Julien B, Leboucher S, Besse L, Legoix P, Dingli F, Liva S, Loew D, Giani E, Ribecco V, Furumaya C, Marcos-Kovandzic L, Masliantsev K, Daubon T, Wang L, Diaz AA, Schnell O, Beck J, Servant N, Karayan-Tapon L, Cavalli FMG, Seano G. VC-resist glioblastoma cell state: vessel co-option as a key driver of chemoradiation resistance. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3602. [PMID: 38684700 PMCID: PMC11058782 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47985-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly lethal type of cancer. GBM recurrence following chemoradiation is typically attributed to the regrowth of invasive and resistant cells. Therefore, there is a pressing need to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying GBM resistance to chemoradiation and its ability to infiltrate. Using a combination of transcriptomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic analyses, longitudinal imaging, organotypic cultures, functional assays, animal studies, and clinical data analyses, we demonstrate that chemoradiation and brain vasculature induce cell transition to a functional state named VC-Resist (vessel co-opting and resistant cell state). This cell state is midway along the transcriptomic axis between proneural and mesenchymal GBM cells and is closer to the AC/MES1-like state. VC-Resist GBM cells are highly vessel co-opting, allowing significant infiltration into the surrounding brain tissue and homing to the perivascular niche, which in turn induces even more VC-Resist transition. The molecular and functional characteristics of this FGFR1-YAP1-dependent GBM cell state, including resistance to DNA damage, enrichment in the G2M phase, and induction of senescence/stemness pathways, contribute to its enhanced resistance to chemoradiation. These findings demonstrate how vessel co-option, perivascular niche, and GBM cell plasticity jointly drive resistance to therapy during GBM recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Pichol-Thievend
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Oceane Anezo
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Aafrin M Pettiwala
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
- Institut Curie, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Bourmeau
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Remi Montagne
- Institut Curie, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, 75005, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTeach, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, PSL Research University, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Marie Lyne
- Institut Curie, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, 75005, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTeach, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, PSL Research University, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Guichet
- Université de Poitiers, CHU Poitiers, ProDiCeT, F-86000, Poitiers, France
- CHU Poitiers, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, F-86000, Poitiers, France
| | - Pauline Deshors
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Alberto Ballestín
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Benjamin Blanchard
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Juliette Reveilles
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Vidhya M Ravi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Joseph
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dieter H Heiland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Boris Julien
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | | | - Laetitia Besse
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMS2016, INSERM US43, Multimodal Imaging Center, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Patricia Legoix
- Institut Curie, PSL University, ICGex Next-Generation Sequencing Platform, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL University, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Liva
- Institut Curie, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, 75005, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTeach, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, PSL Research University, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL University, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Giani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Valentino Ribecco
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Charita Furumaya
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Laura Marcos-Kovandzic
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Konstantin Masliantsev
- Université de Poitiers, CHU Poitiers, ProDiCeT, F-86000, Poitiers, France
- CHU Poitiers, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, F-86000, Poitiers, France
| | - Thomas Daubon
- Université Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Aaron A Diaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Schnell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Beck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Servant
- Institut Curie, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, 75005, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTeach, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, PSL Research University, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Karayan-Tapon
- Université de Poitiers, CHU Poitiers, ProDiCeT, F-86000, Poitiers, France
- CHU Poitiers, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, F-86000, Poitiers, France
| | - Florence M G Cavalli
- Institut Curie, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, 75005, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTeach, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, PSL Research University, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Giorgio Seano
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, CNRS UMR3347, Tumor Microenvironment Lab, Paris-Saclay University, 91400, Orsay, France.
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Malliou A, Mitsiou C, Kyritsis AP, Alexiou GA. Therapeutic Hypothermia in Treating Glioblastoma: A Review. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2024; 14:2-9. [PMID: 37184912 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2023.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most commonly occurring of all malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors in adults. Considering the low median survival of only ∼15 months and poor prognosis in GBM patients, despite surgical resection with adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy, it is vital to seek brand new and innovative treatment in combination with already existing methods. Hypothermia participates in many metabolic pathways, inflammatory responses, and apoptotic processes, while also promoting the integrity of neurons. Following the successful application of therapeutic hypothermia across a spectrum of disorders such as traumatic CNS injury, cardiac arrest, and epilepsy, several clinical trials have set to evaluate the potency of hypothermia in treating a variety of cancers, including breast and ovaries cancer. In regard to primary neoplasms and more specifically, GBM, hypothermia has recently shown promising results as an auxiliary treatment, reinforcing chemotherapy's efficacy. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in utilizing hypothermia as treatment for GBM and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Malliou
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - George A Alexiou
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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4
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De Fazio E, Pittarello M, Gans A, Ghosh B, Slika H, Alimonti P, Tyler B. Intrinsic and Microenvironmental Drivers of Glioblastoma Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2563. [PMID: 38473812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are diffusely infiltrating brain tumors whose prognosis is strongly influenced by their extent of invasion into the surrounding brain tissue. While lower-grade gliomas present more circumscribed borders, high-grade gliomas are aggressive tumors with widespread brain infiltration and dissemination. Glioblastoma (GBM) is known for its high invasiveness and association with poor prognosis. Its low survival rate is due to the certainty of its recurrence, caused by microscopic brain infiltration which makes surgical eradication unattainable. New insights into GBM biology at the single-cell level have enabled the identification of mechanisms exploited by glioma cells for brain invasion. In this review, we explore the current understanding of several molecular pathways and mechanisms used by tumor cells to invade normal brain tissue. We address the intrinsic biological drivers of tumor cell invasion, by tackling how tumor cells interact with each other and with the tumor microenvironment (TME). We focus on the recently discovered neuronal niche in the TME, including local as well as distant neurons, contributing to glioma growth and invasion. We then address the mechanisms of invasion promoted by astrocytes and immune cells. Finally, we review the current literature on the therapeutic targeting of the molecular mechanisms of invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson De Fazio
- Department of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matilde Pittarello
- Department of Medicine, Humanitas University School of Medicine, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gans
- Department of Neurology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Bikona Ghosh
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Slika
- Hunterian Neurosurgical Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Paolo Alimonti
- Department of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Betty Tyler
- Hunterian Neurosurgical Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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5
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Martin L, Schumacher L, Chandra T. Modelling the dynamics of senescence spread. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13892. [PMID: 37288475 PMCID: PMC10410058 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a cell surveillance mechanism that arrests the cell cycle in damaged cells. The senescent phenotype can spread from cell to cell through paracrine and juxtacrine signalling, but the dynamics of this process are not well understood. Although senescent cells are important in ageing, wound healing and cancer, it is unclear how the spread of senescence is contained in senescent lesions. In the absence of the immune system, senescence could theoretically spread infinitely from one cell to another, but this contradicts experimental evidence. To investigate this issue, we developed both a minimal mathematical model and a stochastic simulation of senescence spread. Our results suggest that differences in the number of signalling molecules secreted between subtypes of senescent cells can limit the spread of senescence. We found that dynamic, time-dependent paracrine signalling prevents the uncontrolled spread of senescence, and we demonstrate how model parameters can be determined using Bayesian inference in a proposed experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Martin
- Institute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Linus Schumacher
- Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Tamir Chandra
- Institute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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6
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Conarroe CA, Bullock TNJ. Ready for Prime Time? Dendritic Cells in High-Grade Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2902. [PMID: 37296865 PMCID: PMC10251930 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are malignant brain tumors, and patient outcomes remain dismal despite the emergence of immunotherapies aimed at promoting tumor elimination by the immune system. A robust antitumor immune response requires the presentation of tumor antigens by dendritic cells (DC) to prime cytolytic T cells. However, there is a paucity of research on dendritic cell activity in the context of high-grade gliomas. As such, this review covers what is known about the role of DC in the CNS, DC infiltration of high-grade gliomas, tumor antigen drainage, the immunogenicity of DC activity, and DC subsets involved in the antitumor immune response. Finally, we consider the implications of suboptimal DC function in the context of immunotherapies and identify opportunities to optimize immunotherapies to treat high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A. Conarroe
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA;
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7
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Mu J, Gong J, Shi M, Zhang Y. Analysis and validation of aging-related genes in prognosis and immune function of glioblastoma. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:109. [PMID: 37208656 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01538-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common malignant brain tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality. Numerous reports have identified the correlation between aging and the prognosis of patients with GBM. The purpose of this study was to establish a prognostic model for GBM patients based on aging-related gene (ARG) to help determine the prognosis of GBM patients. METHODS 143 patients with GBM from The Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA), 218 patients with GBM from the Chinese Glioma Genomic Atlas (CGGA) of China and 50 patients from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were included in the study. R software (V4.2.1) and bioinformatics statistical methods were used to develop prognostic models and study immune infiltration and mutation characteristics. RESULTS Thirteen genes were screened out and used to establish the prognostic model finally, and the risk scores of the prognostic model was an independent factor (P < 0.001), which indicated a good prediction ability. In addition, there are significant differences in immune infiltration and mutation characteristics between the two groups with high and low risk scores. CONCLUSION The prognostic model of GBM patients based on ARGs can predict the prognosis of GBM patients. However, this signature requires further investigation and validation in larger cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Mu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Gong
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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8
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Targeting Transcription Factors ATF5, CEBPB and CEBPD with Cell-Penetrating Peptides to Treat Brain and Other Cancers. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040581. [PMID: 36831248 PMCID: PMC9954556 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing novel therapeutics often follows three steps: target identification, design of strategies to suppress target activity and drug development to implement the strategies. In this review, we recount the evidence identifying the basic leucine zipper transcription factors ATF5, CEBPB, and CEBPD as targets for brain and other malignancies. We describe strategies that exploit the structures of the three factors to create inhibitory dominant-negative (DN) mutant forms that selectively suppress growth and survival of cancer cells. We then discuss and compare four peptides (CP-DN-ATF5, Dpep, Bpep and ST101) in which DN sequences are joined with cell-penetrating domains to create drugs that pass through tissue barriers and into cells. The peptide drugs show both efficacy and safety in suppressing growth and in the survival of brain and other cancers in vivo, and ST101 is currently in clinical trials for solid tumors, including GBM. We further consider known mechanisms by which the peptides act and how these have been exploited in rationally designed combination therapies. We additionally discuss lacunae in our knowledge about the peptides that merit further research. Finally, we suggest both short- and long-term directions for creating new generations of drugs targeting ATF5, CEBPB, CEBPD, and other transcription factors for treating brain and other malignancies.
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9
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Re-purposing the pro-senescence properties of doxorubicin to introduce immunotherapy in breast cancer brain metastasis. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100821. [PMID: 36384097 PMCID: PMC9729880 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of breast cancer patients develop brain metastases (BM). Standard-of-care treatments are largely inefficient, and breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) patients are considered untreatable. Immunotherapies are not successfully employed in BCBM, in part because breast cancer is a "cold" tumor and also because the brain tissue has a unique immune landscape. Here, we generate and characterize immunocompetent models of BCBM derived from PyMT and Neu mammary tumors to test how harnessing the pro-senescence properties of doxorubicin can be used to prime the specific immune BCBM microenvironment. We reveal that BCBM senescent cells, induced by doxorubicin, trigger the recruitment of PD1-expressing T cells to the brain. Importantly, we demonstrate that induction of senescence with doxorubicin improves the efficacy of immunotherapy with anti-PD1 in BCBM in a CD8 T cell-dependent manner, thereby providing an optimized strategy to introduce immune-based treatments in this lethal disease. In addition, our BCBM models can be used for pre-clinical testing of other therapeutic strategies in the future.
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10
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Li J, Wang J, Liu D, Tao C, Zhao J, Wang W. Establishment and validation of a novel prognostic model for lower-grade glioma based on senescence-related genes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1018942. [PMID: 36341390 PMCID: PMC9633681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1018942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Increasing studies have indicated that senescence was associated with tumorigenesis and progression. Lower-grade glioma (LGG) presented a less invasive nature, however, its treatment efficacy and prognosis prediction remained challenging due to the intrinsic heterogeneity. Therefore, we established a senescence-related signature and investigated its prognostic role in LGGs. Methods The gene expression data and clinicopathologic features were from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The experimentally validated senescence genes (SnGs) from the CellAge database were obtained. Then LASSO regression has been performed to build a prognostic model. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were performed to investigate the prognostic value of the SnG-risk score. A nomogram model has been constructed for outcome prediction. Immunological analyses were further performed. Data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT), and GSE16011 were used for validation. Results The 6-SnG signature has been established. The results showed SnG-risk score could be considered as an independent predictor for LGG patients (HR=2.763, 95%CI=1.660-4.599, P<0.001). The high SnG-risk score indicated a worse outcome in LGG (P<0.001). Immune analysis showed a positive correlation between the SnG-risk score and immune infiltration level, and the expression of immune checkpoints. The CGGA datasets confirmed the prognostic role of the SnG-risk score. And Kaplan-Meier analyses in the additional datasets (CGGA, REMBRANDT, and GSE16011) validated the prognostic role of the SnG-signature (P<0.001 for all). Conclusion The SnG-related prognostic model could predict the survival of LGG accurately. This study proposed a novel indicator for predicting the prognosis of LGG and provided potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
| | - Dongjing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
| | - Chuming Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Wang, ; Jizong Zhao,
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- Beijing Translational Engineering Center for 3D Printer in Clinical Neuroscience, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Wang, ; Jizong Zhao,
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11
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Jennrich S, Pelzer M, Tertel T, Koska B, Vüllings M, Thakur BK, Jendrossek V, Timmermann B, Giebel B, Rudner J. CD9- and CD81-positive extracellular vesicles provide a marker to monitor glioblastoma cell response to photon-based and proton-based radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:947439. [PMID: 36203458 PMCID: PMC9530604 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.947439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive tumor of the central nervous system with a poor prognosis. In the treatment of GBM tumors, radiotherapy plays a major role. Typically, GBM tumors cannot be cured by irradiation because of intrinsic resistance machanisms. An escalation of the irradiation dose in the GBM tumor is difficult due to the high risk of severe side effects in the brain. In the last decade, the development of new irradiation techniques, including proton-based irradiation, promised new chances in the treatment of brain tumors. In contrast to conventional radiotherapy, irradiation with protons allows a dosimetrically more confined dose deposition in the tumor while better sparing the normal tissue surrounding the tumor. A systematic comparison of both irradiation techniques on glioblastoma cells has not been performed so far. Despite the improvements in radiotherapy, it remains challenging to predict the therapeutical response of GBM tumors. Recent publications suggest extracellular vesicles (EVs) as promising markers predicting tumor response. Being part of an ancient intercellular communication system, virtually all cells release specifically composed EVs. The assembly of EVs varies between cell types and depends on environmental parameters. Here, we compared the impact of photon-based with proton-based radiotherapy on cell viability and phenotype of four different glioblastoma cell lines. Furthermore, we characterized EVs released by different glioblastoma cells and correlated released EVs with the cellular response to radiotherapy. Our results demonstrated that glioblastoma cells reacted more sensitive to irradiation with protons than photons, while radiation-induced cell death 72 h after single dose irradiation was independent of the irradiation modality. Moreover, we detected CD9 and CD81-positive EVs in the supernatant of all glioblastoma cells, although at different concentrations. The amount of released CD9 and CD81-positive EVs increased after irradiation when cells became apoptotic. Although secreted EVs of non-irradiated cells were not predictive for radiosensitivity, their increased EV release after irradiation correlated with the cytotoxic response to radiotherapy 72 h after irradiation. Thus, our data suggest a novel application of EVs in the surveillance of anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jennrich
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Pelzer
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Koska
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Melanie Vüllings
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Basant Kumar Thakur
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Beate Timmermann
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Justine Rudner
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Justine Rudner,
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12
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CD44 Depletion in Glioblastoma Cells Suppresses Growth and Stemness and Induces Senescence. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153747. [PMID: 35954411 PMCID: PMC9367353 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal brain tumor, characterized by enhanced proliferation and invasion, as well as increased vascularization and chemoresistance. The expression of the hyaluronan receptor CD44 has been shown to correlate with GBM progression and poor prognosis. Here, we sought to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which CD44 promotes GBM progression by knocking out (KO) CD44, employing CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in U251MG cells. CD44-depleted cells exhibited an impaired proliferation rate, as shown by the decreased cell numbers, decreased Ki67-positive cell nuclei, diminished phosphorylation of CREB, and increased levels of the cell cycle inhibitor p16 compared to control cells. Furthermore, the CD44 KO cells showed decreased stemness and increased senescence, which was manifested upon serum deprivation. In stem cell-like enriched spheres, RNA-sequencing analysis of U251MG cells revealed a CD44 dependence for gene signatures related to hypoxia, the glycolytic pathway, and G2 to M phase transition. Partially similar results were obtained when cells were treated with the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT, which inhibits CD44 cleavage and therefore inhibits the release of the intracellular domain (ICD) of CD44, suggesting that certain transcriptional responses are dependent on CD44-ICD. Interestingly, the expression of molecules involved in hyaluronan synthesis, degradation, and interacting matrix proteins, as well as of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) isoforms and PDGF receptors, were also deregulated in CD44 KO cells. These results were confirmed by the knockdown of CD44 in another GBM cell line, U2990. Notably, downregulation of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) impaired the hypoxia-related genes and decreased the CD44 protein levels, suggesting a CD44/hyaluronan feedback circuit contributing to GBM progression.
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13
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Puca AA, Lopardo V, Montella F, Di Pietro P, Cesselli D, Rolle IG, Bulfoni M, Di Sarno V, Iaconetta G, Campiglia P, Vecchione C, Beltrami AP, Ciaglia E. The Longevity-Associated Variant of BPIFB4 Reduces Senescence in Glioma Cells and in Patients' Lymphocytes Favoring Chemotherapy Efficacy. Cells 2022; 11:294. [PMID: 35053408 PMCID: PMC8774353 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain cancer with the median age at diagnosis around 64 years, thus pointing to aging as an important risk factor. Indeed, aging, by increasing the senescence burden, is configured as a negative prognostic factor for GBM stage. Furthermore, several anti-GBM therapies exist, such as temozolomide (TMZ) and etoposide (ETP), that unfortunately trigger senescence and the secretion of proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors that are responsible for the improper burst of (i) tumorigenesis, (ii) cancer metastasis, (iii) immunosuppression, and (iv) tissue dysfunction. Thus, adjuvant therapies that limit senescence are urgently needed. The longevity-associated variant (LAV) of the bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold-containing family B member 4 (BPIFB4) gene previously demonstrated a modulatory activity in restoring age-related immune dysfunction and in balancing the low-grade inflammatory status of elderly people. Based on the above findings, we tested LAV-BPIFB4 senotherapeutic effects on senescent glioblastoma U87-MG cells and on T cells from GBM patients. We interrogated SA-β-gal and HLA-E senescence markers, SASP factors, and proliferation and apoptosis assays. The results highlighted a LAV-BPIFB4 remodeling of the senescent phenotype of GBM cells, enhancement of their sensitivity to temozolomide and a selective reduction of the T cells' senescence from GBM patients. Overall, these findings candidate LAV-BPIFB4 as an adjuvant therapy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annibale Alessandro Puca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (V.L.); (F.M.); (P.D.P.); (G.I.); (C.V.)
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Lopardo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (V.L.); (F.M.); (P.D.P.); (G.I.); (C.V.)
| | - Francesco Montella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (V.L.); (F.M.); (P.D.P.); (G.I.); (C.V.)
| | - Paola Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (V.L.); (F.M.); (P.D.P.); (G.I.); (C.V.)
| | - Daniela Cesselli
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (D.C.); (I.G.R.); (M.B.); (A.P.B.)
| | - Irene Giulia Rolle
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (D.C.); (I.G.R.); (M.B.); (A.P.B.)
| | - Michela Bulfoni
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (D.C.); (I.G.R.); (M.B.); (A.P.B.)
| | - Veronica Di Sarno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.D.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Giorgio Iaconetta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (V.L.); (F.M.); (P.D.P.); (G.I.); (C.V.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.D.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (V.L.); (F.M.); (P.D.P.); (G.I.); (C.V.)
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077 Isernia, Italy
| | - Antonio Paolo Beltrami
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (D.C.); (I.G.R.); (M.B.); (A.P.B.)
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (V.L.); (F.M.); (P.D.P.); (G.I.); (C.V.)
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14
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Temozolomide-Acquired Resistance Is Associated with Modulation of the Integrin Repertoire in Glioblastoma, Impact of α5β1 Integrin. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020369. [PMID: 35053532 PMCID: PMC8773618 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive treatment, glioblastoma inevitably recurs, leading to an overall survival of around 16 months. Understanding why and how tumours resist to radio/chemotherapies is crucial to overcome this unmet oncological challenge. Primary and acquired resistance to Temozolomide (TMZ), the standard-of-care chemotherapeutic drug, have been the subjects of several studies. This work aimed to evaluate molecular and phenotypic changes occurring during and after TMZ treatment in a glioblastoma cell model, the U87MG. These initially TMZ-sensitive cells acquire long-lasting resistance even after removal of the drug. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that profound changes occurred between parental and resistant cells, particularly at the level of the integrin repertoire. Focusing on α5β1 integrin, which we proposed earlier as a glioblastoma therapeutic target, we demonstrated that its expression was decreased in the presence of TMZ but restored after removal of the drug. In this glioblastoma model of recurrence, α5β1 integrin plays an important role in the proliferation and migration of tumoral cells. We also demonstrated that reactivating p53 by MDM2 inhibitors concomitantly with the inhibition of this integrin in recurrent cells may overcome the TMZ resistance. Our results may explain some integrin-based targeted therapy failure as integrin expressions are highly switchable during the time of treatment. We also propose an alternative way to alter the viability of recurrent glioblastoma cells expressing a high level of α5β1 integrin.
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15
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Cell aging related genes can be used to characterize clinical prognoses and further stratify diffuse gliomas. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19493. [PMID: 34593910 PMCID: PMC8484278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98913-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated that senescent cells are associated with the glioma development. Thus, we aimed to explore the relationship between the cellular senescence gene profile and the clinical prognosis of diffuse glioma. In total, 699 gliomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset were used as the training cohort and 693 gliomas from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset were used as the validation cohort. Bioinformatics statistical methods are used to develop the risk signature and to study the prognostic value of the risk signature. We identified a 14-gene risk signature and its risk score was an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.001) in the validation dataset. The risk signature had better prognostic value than traditional factors for the 3- and 5-year survival rate. Importantly, the risk signature could further stratify gliomas in specific subgroups of World Health Organization (WHO) classification by the survival rate. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of genes involved in the cell cycle, cell division and other processes were significantly correlated with the risk score. Our study highlighted a 14-gene risk signature for further stratifying the outcomes of patients with gliomas with definite WHO subgroups. These results indicate the potential clinical implications of cell aging-related genes in gliomas.
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16
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Chatterjee D, Chakrabarti O. Role of stress granules in modulating senescence and promoting cancer progression: Special emphasis on glioma. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:551-561. [PMID: 34460104 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) contain mRNAs and proteins stalled in translation during stress; these are increasingly being implicated in diseases, including neurological disorders and cancer. The dysregulated assembly, persistence, disassembly and clearance of SGs contribute to the process of senescence. Senescence has long been a mysterious player in cellular physiology and associated diseases. The systemic process of aging has been pivotal in the development of various neurological disorders like age-related neuropathy, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Glioma is a cancer of neurological origin with a very poor prognosis and high rate of recurrence, SGs have only recently been implicated in its pathogenesis. Senescence has long been established to play an antitumorigenic role, however, relatively less studied is its protumorigenic importance. Here, we have evaluated the existing literature to assess the crosstalk of the two biological phenomena of senescence and SG formation in the context of tumorigenesis. In this review, we have attempted to analyze the contribution of senescence in regulating diverse cellular processes, like, senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP), microtubular reorganization, telomeric alteration, autophagic clearance and how intricately these phenomena are tied with the formation of SGs. Finally, we propose that interplay between senescence, its contributing factors and the genesis of SGs can drive tumorigenicity of gliomas, which can potentially be utilized for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debmita Chatterjee
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
| | - Oishee Chakrabarti
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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