1
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Huo C, Kuo YY, Lin CY, Shiah SG, Li CY, Huang SP, Chen JK, Wang WC, Kung HJ, Chuu CP. The miRNAs 203a/210-3p/5001-5p regulate the androgen/androgen receptor/YAP-induced migration in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70106. [PMID: 39149855 PMCID: PMC11327718 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) patients with elevated level of androgen receptor (AR) correlate with higher metastatic incidence. Protein expression of AR and its target gene prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are elevated in metastatic prostate tumors as compared to organ-confined tumors. Androgen treatment or elevation of AR promotes metastasis of PCa in cell culture and murine model. However, under androgen depleted condition, AR suppressed cell mobility and invasiveness of PCa cells. Androgen deprivation therapy in PCa patients is associated with higher risk of cancer metastasis. We therefore investigated the dual roles of AR and miRNAs on PCa metastasis. METHODS The PC-3AR (PC-3 cells re-expressing AR) and LNCaP cells were used as PCa cell model. Transwell migration and invasion assay, wound-healing assay, zebrafish xenotransplantation assay, and zebrafish vascular exit assay were used to investigate the role of AR and androgen on PCa metastasis. Micro-Western Array, co-immunoprecipitation and Immunofluorescence were applied to dissect the molecular mechanism lying underneath. The miRNA array, miRNA inhibitors or plasmid, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were used to study the role of miRNAs on PCa metastasis. RESULTS In the absence of androgen, AR repressed the migration and invasion of PCa cells. When androgen was present, AR stimulated the migration and invasion of PCa cells both in vitro and in zebrafish xenotransplantation model. Androgen increased phospho-AR Ser81 and yes-associated protein 1 (YAP), decreased phospho-YAP Ser217, and altered epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins in PCa cells. Co-IP assay demonstrated that androgen augmented the interaction between YAP and AR in nucleus. Knockdown of YAP or treatment with YAP inhibitor abolished the androgen-induced migration and invasion of PCa cells, while overexpression of YAP showed opposite effects. The miRNA array revealed that androgen decreased hsa-miR-5001-5p but increased hsa-miR-203a and hsa-miR-210-3p in PC-3AR cells but not PC-3 cells. Treatment with inhibitors targeting hsa-miR-203a/hsa-miR-210-3p, or overexpression of hsa-miR-5001-5p decreased YAP expression as well as suppressed the androgen-induced migration and invasion of PCa cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay demonstrated that AR binds with promoter region of has-miR-210-3p in the presence of androgen. CONCLUSIONS Our observations indicated that miRNAs 203a/210-3p/5001-5p regulate the androgen/AR/YAP-induced PCa metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh Huo
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yu Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shine-Gwo Shiah
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Pin Huang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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2
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Wang S, Duan H, Wang S, Guo Z, Lin Q. miR-141-3p Regulates the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Endometrial-Myometrial Interface Smooth Muscle Cells in Adenomyosis Via JAK2/STAT3 Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:2049-2065. [PMID: 37828348 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Adenomyosis (ADS) is a common benign gynecological disease. Abnormal proliferation at the endometrial-myometrial interface (EMI) plays a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of ADS. miR-141-3p is associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the specific mechanism of miR-141-3p in the etiology of ADS is still unknown. In this study, we explored the effects of miR-141-3p on the proliferation and apoptosis of ADS EMI smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We collected EMI tissues for the primary culture of SMCs from 25 patients diagnosed with ADS and 20 without ADS. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to measure the mRNA and protein expression levels of miR-141-3p, JAK2, STAT3, phospho-JAK2, and phospho-STAT3 in ADS EMI SMCs. The cell counting kit 8 assay and flow cytometry analysis were used to evaluate the proliferation and apoptosis of EMI SMCs. The miR-141-3p mimic/inhibitor was used to increase or decrease the expression level of miR-141-3p. We added WP1066 to block the phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway components. The miR-141-3p levels were decreased, while JAK2 and STAT3 levels were increased in ADS EMI SMCs. miR-141-3p overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation and enhanced the apoptosis of EMI SMCs, whereas a decrease in miR-141-3p expression level was connected to the opposite results. Meanwhile, inactivated JAK2/STAT3 pathway decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of EMI SMCs after WP1066 treatment. Furthermore, rescue experiments confirmed that the JAK2/STAT3 pathway was the downstream pathway of miR-141-3p and reduced the effect of miR-141-3p on the proliferation and apoptosis of EMI SMCs. These results demonstrate that miR-141-3p regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of ADS EMI SMCs by modulating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Hua Duan
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China.
| | - Sha Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Zhengchen Guo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
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3
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Detassis S, Precazzini F, Grasso M, Del Vescovo V, Maines F, Caffo O, Campomenosi P, Denti MA. Plasma microRNA Signature as Companion Diagnostic for Abiraterone Acetate Treatment in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5573. [PMID: 38891761 PMCID: PMC11171781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Abiraterone acetate (AA) serves as a medication for managing persistent testosterone production in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, its efficacy varies among individuals; thus, the identification of biomarkers to predict and follow treatment response is required. In this pilot study, we explored the potential of circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) to stratify patients based on their responsiveness to AA. We conducted an analysis of plasma samples obtained from a cohort of 33 mCRPC patients before and after three, six, and nine months of AA treatment. Using miRNA RT-qPCR panels for candidate discovery and TaqMan RT-qPCR for validation, we identified promising miRNA signatures. Our investigation indicated that a signature based on miR-103a-3p and miR-378a-5p effectively discriminates between non-responder and responder patients, while also following the drug's efficacy over time. Additionally, through in silico analysis, we identified target genes and transcription factors of the two miRNAs, including PTEN and HOXB13, which are known to play roles in AA resistance in mCRPC. In summary, our study highlights two c-miRNAs as potential companion diagnostics of AA in mCRPC patients, offering novel insights for informed decision-making in the treatment of mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Detassis
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
- OPTOI Srl, Via Vienna 8, 38100 Trento, TN, Italy
| | - Francesca Precazzini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Sezione di Bolzano, Via Laura Conti 4, 39100 Bolzano, BZ, Italy
| | - Margherita Grasso
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
- L.N.Age Srl-Link Neuroscience and Healthcare, Via Mario Savini 15, 00136 Roma, RO, Italy
| | - Valerio Del Vescovo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
- Kapadi Italy Srl, Corso Italia 22, 20122 Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Francesca Maines
- Division of Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Largo Medaglie D’oro 9, 38122 Trento, TN, Italy
| | - Orazio Caffo
- Division of Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Largo Medaglie D’oro 9, 38122 Trento, TN, Italy
| | - Paola Campomenosi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, VA, Italy
| | - Michela A. Denti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
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Waseem M, Wang BD. Combination of miR-99b-5p and Enzalutamide or Abiraterone Synergizes the Suppression of EMT-Mediated Metastasis in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1933. [PMID: 38792011 PMCID: PMC11119738 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been systemically applied as a first-line therapy for PCa patients. Despite the initial responses, the majority of patients under ADT eventually experienced tumor progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), further leading to tumor metastasis to distant organs. Therefore, identifying the key molecular mechanisms underlying PCa progression remains crucial for the development of novel therapies for metastatic PCa. Previously, we identified that tumor-suppressive miR-99b-5p is frequently downregulated in aggressive African American (AA) PCa and European American (EA) CRPC, leading to upregulation of mTOR, androgen receptor (AR), and HIF-1α signaling. Given the fact that mTOR and HIF-1α signaling are critical upstream pathways that trigger the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), we hypothesized that miR-99b-5p may play a critical functional role in regulating EMT-mediated PCa metastasis. To test this hypothesis, a series of cell biology, biochemical, and in vitro functional assays (wound healing, transwell migration, cell/ECM adhesion, and capillary-like tube formation assays) were performed to examine the effects of miR-99b-5p mimic on regulating EMT-mediated PCa metastasis processes. Our results have demonstrated that miR-99b-5p simultaneously targets MTOR and AR signaling, leading to upregulation of E-cadherin, downregulation of Snail/N-cadherin/Vimentin, and suppression of EMT-mediated PCa metastasis. MiR-99b-5p alone and in combination with enzalutamide or abiraterone significantly inhibits the EMT-mediated metastasis of AA PCa and EA CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Waseem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA;
| | - Bi-Dar Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA;
- Hormone Related Cancers Program, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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5
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Hussein R, Abou-Shanab AM, Badr E. A multi-omics approach for biomarker discovery in neuroblastoma: a network-based framework. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:52. [PMID: 38760476 PMCID: PMC11101461 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated death in children. MYCN amplification is a prominent genetic marker for NB, and its targeting to halt NB progression is difficult to achieve. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the molecular interactome of NB is needed to improve treatment outcomes. Analysis of NB multi-omics unravels valuable insight into the interplay between MYCN transcriptional and miRNA post-transcriptional modulation. Moreover, it aids in the identification of various miRNAs that participate in NB development and progression. This study proposes an integrated computational framework with three levels of high-throughput NB data (mRNA-seq, miRNA-seq, and methylation array). Similarity Network Fusion (SNF) and ranked SNF methods were utilized to identify essential genes and miRNAs. The specified genes included both miRNA-target genes and transcription factors (TFs). The interactions between TFs and miRNAs and between miRNAs and their target genes were retrieved where a regulatory network was developed. Finally, an interaction network-based analysis was performed to identify candidate biomarkers. The candidate biomarkers were further analyzed for their potential use in prognosis and diagnosis. The candidate biomarkers included three TFs and seven miRNAs. Four biomarkers have been previously studied and tested in NB, while the remaining identified biomarkers have known roles in other types of cancer. Although the specific molecular role is yet to be addressed, most identified biomarkers possess evidence of involvement in NB tumorigenesis. Analyzing cellular interactome to identify potential biomarkers is a promising approach that can contribute to optimizing efficient therapeutic regimens to target NB vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Hussein
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abou-Shanab
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Eman Badr
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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6
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Smith SF, Brewer DS, Hurst R, Cooper CS. Applications of Urinary Extracellular Vesicles in the Diagnosis and Active Surveillance of Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1717. [PMID: 38730670 PMCID: PMC11083542 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer among men in the UK, causing significant health and economic burdens. Diagnosis and risk prognostication can be challenging due to the genetic and clinical heterogeneity of prostate cancer as well as uncertainties in our knowledge of the underlying biology and natural history of disease development. Urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) are microscopic, lipid bilayer defined particles released by cells that carry a variety of molecular cargoes including nucleic acids, proteins and other molecules. Urine is a plentiful source of prostate-derived EVs. In this narrative review, we summarise the evidence on the function of urinary EVs and their applications in the evolving field of prostate cancer diagnostics and active surveillance. EVs are implicated in the development of all hallmarks of prostate cancer, and this knowledge has been applied to the development of multiple diagnostic tests, which are largely based on RNA and miRNA. Common gene probes included in multi-probe tests include PCA3 and ERG, and the miRNAs miR-21 and miR-141. The next decade will likely bring further improvements in the diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers as well as insights into molecular biological mechanisms of action that can be translated into opportunities in precision uro-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie F. Smith
- Metabolic Health Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK (C.S.C.)
- Department of Urology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
| | - Daniel S. Brewer
- Metabolic Health Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK (C.S.C.)
| | - Rachel Hurst
- Metabolic Health Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK (C.S.C.)
| | - Colin S. Cooper
- Metabolic Health Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK (C.S.C.)
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7
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Xie H, Chen J, Ma Z, Gao Y, Zeng J, Chen Y, Yang Z, Xu S. PrLZ regulates EMT and invasion in prostate cancer via the TGF-β1/p-smad2/miR-200 family/ZEB1 axis. Prostate 2024; 84:317-328. [PMID: 38145367 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate leucine zipper (PrLZ) is a prostate-specific protein, and our previous study demonstrated that PrLZ enhances the malignant progression of prostate cancer (Pca). However, the roles of PrLZ in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) remain unknown. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and western blotting were used to analyze the expression of protein and genes level in human PCa cell lines. Invasion assay was used to examine the effect of PrLZ, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141, miR-429, miR-205, and ZEB1 on PCa cell line invasion in vitro. Prostate cancer metastasis animal model was designed to assess the effect of PrLZ on PCa cell line invasion in vivo. RESULTS We proved that high PrLZ expression initiates EMT, which was shown by the downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of vimentin in PC-3/PrLZ and ARCaP-E/PrLZ cells. Mechanistic analysis revealed that PrLZ regulates EMT by activating TGF-β1/p-smad2 signaling and further inhibiting the expression of miR-200 family members, which negatively regulates ZEB1 expression and causes EMT in Pca. Moreover, using two of orthotopic mouse model and tail vein injection of human prostate cancer cells mouse model, we observed that PC-3/PrLZ cells led to the development of distant organ metastases in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results show the mechanism by which PrLZ regulates EMT and metastasis and suggest that PrLZ may be a potential therapeutic target for Pca metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenkun Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yule Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Rufo J, Zhang P, Wang Z, Gu Y, Yang K, Rich J, Chen C, Zhong R, Jin K, He Y, Xia J, Li K, Wu J, Ouyang Y, Sadovsky Y, Lee LP, Huang TJ. High-yield and rapid isolation of extracellular vesicles by flocculation via orbital acoustic trapping: FLOAT. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:23. [PMID: 38317693 PMCID: PMC10838941 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as promising biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of various diseases. However, challenges in separating EVs from soluble proteins have resulted in variable EV recovery rates and low purities. Here, we report a high-yield ( > 90%) and rapid ( < 10 min) EV isolation method called FLocculation via Orbital Acoustic Trapping (FLOAT). The FLOAT approach utilizes an acoustofluidic droplet centrifuge to rotate and controllably heat liquid droplets. By adding a thermoresponsive polymer flocculant, nanoparticles as small as 20 nm can be rapidly and selectively concentrated at the center of the droplet. We demonstrate the ability of FLOAT to separate urinary EVs from the highly abundant Tamm-Horsfall protein, addressing a significant obstacle in the development of EV-based liquid biopsies. Due to its high-yield nature, FLOAT reduces biofluid starting volume requirements by a factor of 100 (from 20 mL to 200 µL), demonstrating its promising potential in point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Rufo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Peiran Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Yuyang Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Kaichun Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Joseph Rich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Chuyi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Ruoyu Zhong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Ke Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Ye He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Jianping Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Jiarong Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Yingshi Ouyang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Luke P. Lee
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
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Khan S, Baligar P, Tandon C, Nayyar J, Tandon S. Molecular heterogeneity in prostate cancer and the role of targeted therapy. Life Sci 2024; 336:122270. [PMID: 37979833 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Data collected from large-scale studies has shown that the incidence of prostate cancer globally is on the rise, which could be attributed to an overall increase in lifespan. So, the question is how has modern science with all its new technologies and clinical breakthroughs mitigated or managed this disease? The answer is not a simple one as prostate cancer exhibits various subtypes, each with its unique characteristics or signatures which creates challenges in treatment. To understand the complexity of prostate cancer these signatures must be deciphered. Molecular studies of prostate cancer samples have identified certain genetic and epigenetic alterations, which are instrumental in tumorigenesis. Some of these candidates include the androgen receptor (AR), various oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and the tumor microenvironment, which serve as major drivers that lead to cancer progression. These aberrant genes and their products can give an insight into prostate cancer development and progression by acting as potent markers to guide future therapeutic approaches. Thus, understanding the complexity of prostate cancer is crucial for targeting specific markers and tailoring treatments accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Khan
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash Baligar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chanderdeep Tandon
- Amity School of Biological Sciences, Amity University Punjab, Mohali, India
| | - Jasamrit Nayyar
- Department of Chemistry, Goswami Ganesh Dutt Sanatan Dharam College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Simran Tandon
- Amity School of Health Sciences, Amity University Punjab, Mohali, India.
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Nanashima A, Nagayasu T, Yamasaki N, Tsuchiya T, Matsumoto K, Tagawa T, Arai J. Lifetime Follow-Up of a Patient with Metastatic Prostate Cancer Undergoing Multiple Surgical Resections: A Case Report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2023; 24:e941668. [PMID: 37939016 PMCID: PMC10642719 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.941668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PC) often metastasizes after primary resection, and long-term survival following surgical removal of multiple pulmonary metastases is rare. We present a case of a surgeon who demonstrated long-term survival after overcoming repeated surgical challenges for multiple pulmonary metastases from PC. CASE REPORT Twenty-six years ago, a 62-year-old man initially reported discomfort during urination. A prostate examination revealed mildly elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Six months later, PC was diagnosed, and a radical prostatectomy was performed, revealing moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma but no vessel infiltration. At 9 years after the operation, three 10-mm nodules were detected in the right lung. Then, surgical biopsy by wedge pulmonary resection revealed metastatic PC, and therefore, right lower lobectomy including all nodules was planned. Although postoperative maintenance with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists kept the low PSA levels for 3 years, other newly limited metastases were observed in the opposite left lung, necessitating more surgeries of partial left lung resection. Six years later, a third lung metastasis was detected, as well as mild increases in the tumor size and PSA level, and the patient died 26 years after the initial PC intervention because of malnutrition for 1 year after sustaining bone compression fractures due to a fall, and not due to PC progression. CONCLUSIONS Repeated surgical resections for slow-growing metastatic pulmonary PC was an alternative treatment that facilitated favorable survival and a good quality of life for 26 years in the present case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nanashima
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Miyazaki, Faculty of Medicine, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
- Department of Surgery Oncology, Nagasaki University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Department of Surgery Oncology, Nagasaki University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naoya Yamasaki
- Department of Surgery Oncology, Nagasaki University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Surgery Oncology, Nagasaki University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery Oncology, Nagasaki University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tagawa
- Department of Surgery Oncology, Nagasaki University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Junichi Arai
- Department of Surgery Oncology, Nagasaki University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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11
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Jameel M, Fatma H, Nadtochii LA, Siddique HR. Molecular Insight into Prostate Cancer: Preventive Role of Selective Bioactive Molecules. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1976. [PMID: 37895357 PMCID: PMC10608662 DOI: 10.3390/life13101976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) is one of the most prevalent male malignancies, accounting for a considerable number of annual mortalities. However, the prompt identification of early-stage CaP often faces delays due to diverse factors, including socioeconomic inequalities. The androgen receptor (AR), in conjunction with various other signaling pathways, exerts a central influence on the genesis, progression, and metastasis of CaP, with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) serving as the primary therapeutic strategy. Therapeutic modalities encompassing surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal intervention, and radiotherapy have been formulated for addressing early and metastatic CaP. Nonetheless, the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment frequently triggers the activation of signaling pathways, culminating in the emergence of chemoresistance, an aspect to which cancer stem cells (CSCs) notably contribute. Phytochemicals emerge as reservoirs of bioactive agents conferring manifold advantages against human morbidity. Several of these phytochemicals demonstrate potential chemoprotective and chemosensitizing properties against CaP, with selectivity exhibited towards malignant cells while sparing their normal counterparts. In this context, the present review aims to elucidate the intricate molecular underpinnings associated with metastatic CaP development and the acquisition of chemoresistance. Moreover, the contributions of phytochemicals to ameliorating CaP initiation, progression, and chemoresistance are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Jameel
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India (H.F.)
| | - Homa Fatma
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India (H.F.)
| | - Liudmila A. Nadtochii
- Department of Microbiology, Saint Petersburg State Chemical & Pharmaceutical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Hifzur R. Siddique
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India (H.F.)
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12
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Logotheti S, Papadaki E, Zolota V, Logothetis C, Vrahatis AG, Soundararajan R, Tzelepi V. Lineage Plasticity and Stemness Phenotypes in Prostate Cancer: Harnessing the Power of Integrated "Omics" Approaches to Explore Measurable Metrics. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4357. [PMID: 37686633 PMCID: PMC10486655 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), the most frequent and second most lethal cancer type in men in developed countries, is a highly heterogeneous disease. PCa heterogeneity, therapy resistance, stemness, and lethal progression have been attributed to lineage plasticity, which refers to the ability of neoplastic cells to undergo phenotypic changes under microenvironmental pressures by switching between developmental cell states. What remains to be elucidated is how to identify measurements of lineage plasticity, how to implement them to inform preclinical and clinical research, and, further, how to classify patients and inform therapeutic strategies in the clinic. Recent research has highlighted the crucial role of next-generation sequencing technologies in identifying potential biomarkers associated with lineage plasticity. Here, we review the genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic events that have been described in PCa and highlight those with significance for lineage plasticity. We further focus on their relevance in PCa research and their benefits in PCa patient classification. Finally, we explore ways in which bioinformatic analyses can be used to determine lineage plasticity based on large omics analyses and algorithms that can shed light on upstream and downstream events. Most importantly, an integrated multiomics approach may soon allow for the identification of a lineage plasticity signature, which would revolutionize the molecular classification of PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souzana Logotheti
- Department of Pathology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (S.L.); (E.P.); (V.Z.)
| | - Eugenia Papadaki
- Department of Pathology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (S.L.); (E.P.); (V.Z.)
- Department of Informatics, Ionian University, 49100 Corfu, Greece;
| | - Vasiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (S.L.); (E.P.); (V.Z.)
| | - Christopher Logothetis
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | | | - Rama Soundararajan
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vasiliki Tzelepi
- Department of Pathology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (S.L.); (E.P.); (V.Z.)
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13
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Azani A, Omran SP, Ghasrsaz H, Idani A, Eliaderani MK, Peirovi N, Dokhani N, Lotfalizadeh MH, Rezaei MM, Ghahfarokhi MS, KarkonShayan S, Hanjani PN, Kardaan Z, Navashenagh JG, Yousefi M, Abdolahi M, Salmaninejad A. MicroRNAs as biomarkers for early diagnosis, targeting and prognosis of prostate cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154618. [PMID: 37331185 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Globally, prostate cancer (PC) is leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide. Despite significant advances in the treatment and management of this disease, the cure rates for PC remains low, largely due to late detection. PC detection is mostly reliant on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE); however, due to the low positive predictive value of current diagnostics, there is an urgent need to identify new accurate biomarkers. Recent studies support the biological role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation and progression of PC, as well as their potential as novel biomarkers for patients' diagnosis, prognosis, and disease relapse. In the advanced stages, cancer-cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) may constitute a significant part of circulating vesicles and cause detectable changes in the plasma vesicular miRNA profile. Recent computational model for the identification of miRNA biomarkers discussed. In addition, accumulating evidence indicates that miRNAs can be utilized to target PC cells. In this article, the current understanding of the role of microRNAs and exosomes in the pathogenesis and their significance in PC prognosis, early diagnosis, chemoresistance, and treatment are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Azani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sima Parvizi Omran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Ghasrsaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Asra Idani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Niloufar Peirovi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Dokhani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Sepideh KarkonShayan
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Parisa Najari Hanjani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zahra Kardaan
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Yousefi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mitra Abdolahi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multi-Disciplinary Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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14
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Gao K, Li X, Ni J, Wu B, Guo J, Zhang R, Wu G. Non-coding RNAs in enzalutamide resistance of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 566:216247. [PMID: 37263338 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Enzalutamide (Enz) is a next-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist used to treat castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Unfortunately, the relapsing nature of CRPC results in the development of Enz resistance in many patients. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that do not encode proteins, which include microRNAs (miRNA), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and other ncRNAs with known and unknown functions. Recently, dysregulation of ncRNAs in CRPC, particularly their regulatory function in drug resistance, has attracted more and more attention. Herein, we introduce the roles of dysregulation of different ncRNAs subclasses in the development of CRPC progression and Enz resistance. Recently determined mechanisms of Enz resistance are discussed, focusing mainly on the role of AR-splice variant-7 (AR-V7), mutations, circRNAs and lncRNAs that act as miRNA sponges. Also, the contributions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and glucose metabolism to Enz resistance are discussed. We summarize the different mechanisms of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in the progression of CRPC and Enz resistance, and highlight the prospect of future therapeutic strategies against Enz resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Male
- Humans
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/drug therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/metabolism
- Receptors, Androgen/genetics
- Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/therapeutic use
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Nitriles
- Androgen Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Gao
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Xiaoshun Li
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Jianxin Ni
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Jiaheng Guo
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
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15
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Cho WC, Wong CF, Li KP, Fong AH, Fung KY, Au JS. miR-145 as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10022. [PMID: 37373169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found that miR-145 was downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and that it could inhibit the cell proliferation in transfected NSCLC cells. In this study, we found that miR-145 was downregulated in NSCLC plasma samples compared to healthy controls. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that plasma miR-145 expression was correlated with NSCLC in patient samples. We further revealed that the transfection of miR-145 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. Most importantly, miR-145 significantly delayed the tumor growth in a mouse model of NSCLC. We further identified GOLM1 and RTKN as the direct targets of miR-145. A cohort of paired tumors and adjacent non-malignant lung tissues from NSCLC patients was used to confirm the downregulated expression and diagnostic value of miR-145. The results were highly consistent between our plasma and tissue cohorts, confirming the clinical value of miR-145 in different sample groups. In addition, we also validated the expressions of miR-145, GOLM1, and RTKN using the TCGA database. Our findings suggested that miR-145 is a regulator of NSCLC and it plays an important role in NSCLC progression. This microRNA and its gene targets may serve as potential biomarkers and novel molecular therapeutic targets in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi F Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwan P Li
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alvin H Fong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - King Y Fung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joseph S Au
- Oncology Center, Hong Kong Adventist Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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16
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Song B, Wang W, Tang X, Goh RMWJ, Thuya WL, Ho PCL, Chen L, Wang L. Inhibitory Potential of Resveratrol in Cancer Metastasis: From Biology to Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2758. [PMID: 37345095 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a significant challenge in cancer treatment, and most existing drugs are designed to inhibit tumor growth but are often ineffective in treating metastatic cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in grapes, berries, and peanuts, has shown potential in preclinical studies as an anticancer agent to suppress metastasis. However, despite positive results in preclinical studies, little progress has been made in clinical trials. To develop resveratrol as an effective anticancer agent, it is crucial to understand its cellular processes and signaling pathways in tumor metastasis. This review article evaluates the current state and future development strategies of resveratrol to enhance its potency against cancer metastasis within its therapeutic dose. In addition, we critically evaluate the animal models used in preclinical studies for cancer metastasis and discuss novel techniques to accelerate the translation of resveratrol from bench to bedside. The appropriate selection of animal models is vital in determining whether resveratrol can be further developed as an antimetastatic drug in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xuemei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Robby Miguel Wen-Jing Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Win Lwin Thuya
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Paul Chi Lui Ho
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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17
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Ying M, Mao J, Sheng L, Wu H, Bai G, Zhong Z, Pan Z. Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis Detection and Prediction. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050705. [PMID: 37240875 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) causes deaths worldwide, ranking second after lung cancer. Bone metastasis (BM) frequently results from advanced PCa, affecting approximately 90% of patients, and it also often results in severe skeletal-related events. Traditional diagnostic methods for bone metastases, such as tissue biopsies and imaging, have substantial drawbacks. This article summarizes the significance of biomarkers in PCa accompanied with BM, including (1) bone formation markers like osteopontin (OPN), pro-collagen type I C-terminal pro-peptide (PICP), osteoprotegerin (OPG), pro-collagen type I N-terminal pro-peptide (PINP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin (OC); (2) bone resorption markers, including C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx), N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx), bone sialoprotein (BSP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), deoxypyridinoline (D-PYD), pyridoxine (PYD), and C-terminal pyridinoline cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP); (3) prostate-specific antigen (PSA); (4) neuroendocrine markers, such as chromogranin A (CgA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and pro-gastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP); (5) liquid biopsy markers, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), microRNA (miRNA), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and exosomes. In summary, some of these markers are already in widespread clinical use, while others still require further laboratory or clinical studies to validate their value for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshuai Ying
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Jianshui Mao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Lingchao Sheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Guangchao Bai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Zhuolin Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Zhijun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
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18
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Archer Goode E, Wang N, Munkley J. Prostate cancer bone metastases biology and clinical management (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 25:163. [PMID: 36960185 PMCID: PMC10028493 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prominent causes of cancer-related mortality in the male population. A highly impactful prognostic factor for patients diagnosed with PCa is the presence or absence of bone metastases. The formation of secondary tumours at the bone is the most commonly observed site for the establishment of PCa metastases and is associated with reduced survival of patients in addition to a cohort of life-debilitating symptoms, including mobility issues and chronic pain. Despite the prevalence of this disease presentation and the high medical relevance of bone metastases, the mechanisms underlying the formation of metastases to the bone and the understanding of what drives the osteotropism exhibited by prostate tumours remain to be fully elucidated. This lack of in-depth understanding manifests in limited effective treatment options for patients with advanced metastatic PCa and culminates in the low rate of survival observed for this sub-set of patients. The present review aims to summarise the most recent promising advances in the understanding of how and why prostate tumours metastasise to the bone, with the ultimate aim of highlighting novel treatment and prognostic targets, which may provide the opportunity to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with PCa with bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, International Centre for Life, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, International Centre for Life, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
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19
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Robinson H, Roberts MJ, Gardiner RA, Hill MM. Extracellular vesicles for precision medicine in prostate cancer - Is it ready for clinical translation? Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 89:18-29. [PMID: 36681206 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Biofluid-based biomarker tests hold great promise for precision medicine in prostate cancer (PCa) clinical practice. Extracellular vesicles (EV) are established as intercellular messengers in cancer development with EV cargos, including protein and nucleic acids, having the potential to serve as biofluid-based biomarkers. Recent clinical studies have begun to evaluate EV-based biomarkers for PCa diagnosis, prognosis, and disease/therapy resistance monitoring. Promising results have led to PCa EV biomarker validation studies which are currently underway with the next challenge being translation to robust clinical assays. However, EV research studies generally use low throughput EV isolation methods and costly molecular profiling technologies that are not suitable for clinical assays. Here, we consider the technical hurdles in translating EV biomarker research findings into precise and cost-effective clinical biomarker assays. Novel microfluidic devices coupling EV extraction with sensitive antibody-based biomarker detection are already being explored for point-of-care applications for rapid provision in personalised medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harley Robinson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Matthew J Roberts
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Urology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Gardiner
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Urology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michelle M Hill
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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20
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Shi Q, Li S, Lyu Q, Zhang S, Bai Y, Ma J. Hypoxia Inhibits Cell Cycle Progression and Cell Proliferation in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells via the miR-212-3p/MCM2 Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032788. [PMID: 36769104 PMCID: PMC9917047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia impairs blood-brain barrier (BBB) structure and function, causing pathophysiological changes in the context of stroke and high-altitude brain edema. Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) are major structural and functional elements of the BBB, and their exact role in hypoxia remains unknown. Here, we first deciphered the molecular events that occur in BMECs under 24 h hypoxia by whole-transcriptome sequencing assay. We found that hypoxia inhibited BMEC cell cycle progression and proliferation and downregulated minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 (Mcm2) expression. Mcm2 overexpression attenuated the inhibition of cell cycle progression and proliferation caused by hypoxia. Then, we predicted the upstream miRNAs of MCM2 through TargetScan and miRanDa and selected miR-212-3p, whose expression was significantly increased under hypoxia. Moreover, the miR-212-3p inhibitor attenuated the inhibition of cell cycle progression and cell proliferation caused by hypoxia by regulating MCM2. Taken together, these results suggest that the miR-212-3p/MCM2 axis plays an important role in BMECs under hypoxia and provide a potential target for the treatment of BBB disorder-related cerebrovascular disease.
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21
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Gao YP, Huang KJ, Wang FT, Hou YY, Zhao LD, Wang BY, Xu J, Shuai H, Li G. The self-powered electrochemical biosensing platform with multi-amplification strategy for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA-155. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1239:340702. [PMID: 36628768 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A self-powered biosensor (SPB) was constructed for the ultra-sensitive detection of microRNA-155 (miR-155) by combining a capacitor/enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC), a strategy of rolling circle amplification (RCA) and a digital multimeter (DMM). The experimental results show that the sensitivity of the assembled EBFC-SPB can reach 15.85 μA/pM with the action of matching capacitor, which is 513% of that without capacitor (3.09 μA/pM). This achieves the first signal amplification. Furthermore, when the target miR-155 triggers RCA, electrons are continuous generated and flow to the biocathode through the external circuit to catalyze the reduction of oxygen and release [Ru(NH3)6]3+ electron acceptor. This achieves the second signal amplification. Finally, DMM is used to convert the signal into instantaneous current and amplify it for real-time reading. This achieves the third signal amplification. Therefore, the limit of detection (LOD) of the developed biosensor is as low as 0.17 fM (S/N = 3), and the linear range is between 0.5 fM and 10,000 fM, indicating that the EBFC-SPB has a broad application prospect for cancer marker of miR-155 with ultrasensitive detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Gao
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China; School of Science and Engineering, Xinyang University, Xinyang, 464000, PR China
| | - Ke-Jing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi Colleges and Universities for Food Safety and Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical and Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530008, PR China.
| | - Fu-Ting Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, PR China
| | - Yang-Yang Hou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, PR China
| | - Lu-di Zhao
- School of Science and Engineering, Xinyang University, Xinyang, 464000, PR China
| | - Bo-Ya Wang
- School of Science and Engineering, Xinyang University, Xinyang, 464000, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, PR China
| | - Honglei Shuai
- School of Science and Engineering, Xinyang University, Xinyang, 464000, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China.
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22
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MiRNAs and snoRNAs in Bone Metastasis: Functional Roles and Clinical Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010242. [PMID: 36612237 PMCID: PMC9818347 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a frequent site of metastasis. Bone metastasis is associated with a short-term prognosis in cancer patients, and current treatments aim to slow its growth, but are rarely curative. Thus, revealing molecular mechanisms that explain why metastatic cells are attracted to the bone micro-environment, and how they successfully settle in the bone marrow-taking advantage over bone resident cells-and grow into macro-metastasis, is essential to propose new therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs and snoRNAs are two classes of small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Recently, microRNAs and snoRNAs have been pointed out as important players in bone metastasis by (i) preparing the pre-metastatic niche, directly and indirectly affecting the activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, (ii) promoting metastatic properties within cancer cells, and (iii) acting as mediators within cells to support cancer cell growth in bone. This review aims to highlight the importance of microRNAs and snoRNAs in metastasis, specifically in bone, and how their roles can be linked together. We then discuss how microRNAs and snoRNAs are secreted by cancer cells and be found as extracellular vesicle cargo. Finally, we provide evidence of how microRNAs and snoRNAs can be potential therapeutic targets, at least in pre-clinical settings, and how their detection in liquid biopsies can be a useful diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker to predict the risk of relapse in cancer patients.
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Hashemi M, Mirzaei S, Barati M, Hejazi ES, Kakavand A, Entezari M, Salimimoghadam S, Kalbasi A, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Sethi G. Curcumin in the treatment of urological cancers: Therapeutic targets, challenges and prospects. Life Sci 2022; 309:120984. [PMID: 36150461 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Urological cancers include bladder, prostate and renal cancers that can cause death in males and females. Patients with urological cancers are mainly diagnosed at an advanced disease stage when they also develop resistance to therapy or poor response. The use of natural products in the treatment of urological cancers has shown a significant increase. Curcumin has been widely used in cancer treatment due to its ability to trigger cell death and suppress metastasis. The beneficial effects of curcumin in the treatment of urological cancers is the focus of current review. Curcumin can induce apoptosis in the three types of urological cancers limiting their proliferative potential. Furthermore, curcumin can suppress invasion of urological cancers through EMT inhibition. Notably, curcumin decreases the expression of MMPs, therefore interfering with urological cancer metastasis. When used in combination with chemotherapy agents, curcumin displays synergistic effects in suppressing cancer progression. It can also be used as a chemosensitizer. Based on pre-clinical studies, curcumin administration is beneficial in the treatment of urological cancers and future clinical applications might be considered upon solving problems related to the poor bioavailability of the compound. To improve the bioavailability of curcumin and increase its therapeutic index in urological cancer suppression, nanostructures have been developed to favor targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryamsadat Barati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic (Fundamental) Science, Shahr Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Sadat Hejazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
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24
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Martinucci B, Cucielo MS, Minatel BC, Cury SS, Caxali GH, Aal MCE, Felisbino SL, Pinhal D, Carvalho RF, Delella FK. Fibronectin Modulates the Expression of miRNAs in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:879997. [PMID: 35898539 PMCID: PMC9310065 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.879997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths among men and companion animals, such as dogs. However, despite its high mortality and incidence rates, the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease remain to be fully elucidated. Among the many factors involved in prostate carcinogenesis, the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role. This ECM in the prostate is composed mainly of collagen fibers, reticular fibers, elastic fibers, proteoglycans and glycoproteins, such as fibronectin. Fibronectin is a glycoprotein whose dysregulation has been implicated in the development of multiple types of cancer, and it has been associated with cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, our research group has previously shown that fibronectin induces transcriptional changes by modulating the expression of protein coding genes in LNCaP cells. However, potential changes at the post-transcriptional level are still not well understood. This study investigated the impact of exposure to fibronectin on the expression of a key class of regulatory RNAs, the microRNAs (miRNAs), in prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3. Five mammalian miRNAs (miR-21, miR-29b, miR-125b, miR-221, and miR-222) were differentially expressed after fibronectin exposure in prostate cell lines. The expression profile of hundreds of mRNAs predicted to be targeted by these miRNAs was analyzed using publicly available RNA-Sequencing data (GSE64025, GSE68645, GSE29155). Also, protein-protein interaction networks and enrichment analysis were performed to gain insights into miRNA biological functions. Altogether, these functional analyzes revealed that fibronectin exposure impacts the expression of miRNAs potentially involved in PCa causing changes in critical signaling pathways such as PI3K-AKT, and response to cell division, death, proliferation, and migration. The relationship here demonstrated between fibronectin exposure and altered miRNA expression improves the comprehension of PCa in both men and other animals, such as dogs, which naturally develop prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Martinucci
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Maira Smaniotto Cucielo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Brenda Carvalho Minatel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Sarah Santiloni Cury
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Henrique Caxali
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mirian Carolini Esgoti Aal
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Sergio Luis Felisbino
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Danillo Pinhal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Flávia Karina Delella
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Flávia Karina Delella
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25
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Li C, Zeng X, Qiu S, Gu Y, Zhang Y. Nanomedicine for urologic cancers: diagnosis and management. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:463-475. [PMID: 35660001 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Urologic cancers accounted for more than 2 million new cases and around 0.8 million deaths in 2020. Although surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, as well as castration for prostate cancer, remain the cornerstones for managing urologic neoplasms, they can result in severe adverse effects, poor patient compliance, and unsatisfactory survival rates, thus, it is essential to develop novel options that enable the early detection of these malignancies, together with providing accurate diagnoses, and more efficient treatment strategies. Nanomedicine represents an emerging approach that can deliver formulations or drugs across traditional biological barriers in the body and be directed to specific cell types within target organs via active targeting or passive targeting, thus, showing potential to improve the management of urologic cancers. In this review, we discussed the most recent updates on the application of nanomedicines in the diagnosis and treatment of urologic cancers, with focus on prostate, bladder and kidney tumors. We also presented the anti-tumor molecular mechanisms of newly designed nanomedicine for treating urologic cancers, mainly including image-guided surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and their synergetic therapy. Current studies have demonstrated the potential advantages of nanomedicine over conventional approaches. However, most developments and new findings in this area have not been validated in clinical trials yet, and therefore, efforts shall be made to translate these research insights into clinical practices for urologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Li
- Biomedical Big Data Center, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zeng
- Biomedical Big Data Center, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonghong Gu
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Periodical Press, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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26
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Pinho JD, Silva GEB, Teixeira-Júnior AAL, Rocha TMS, Batista LL, de Sousa AM, Calixto JDRR, Burbano RR, de Souza CRT, Khayat AS. Non-Coding RNA in Penile Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:812008. [PMID: 35651809 PMCID: PMC9150447 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.812008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Penile cancer (PC) still presents a health threat for developing countries, in particular Brazil. Despite this, little progress has been made on the study of markers, including molecular ones, that can aid in the correct management of the patient, especially concerning lymphadenectomy. As in other neoplasms, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been investigated for penile cancer, with emphasis on microRNAs, piRNAs (PIWI-interacting small RNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs). In this context, this review aims to assemble the available knowledge on non-coding RNA linked in PC, contributing to our understanding of the penile carcinogenesis process and addressing their clinical relevance. ncRNAs are part of the novel generation of biomarkers, with high potential for diagnosis and prognosis, orientating the type of treatment. Furthermore, its versatility regarding the use of paraffin samples makes it possible to carry out retrospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Diniz Pinho
- Zé Doca Center for Higher Studies, State University of Maranhão, Zé Doca, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Oncology Research Center, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Jaqueline Diniz Pinho,
| | - Gyl Eanes Barros Silva
- Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Antonio Augusto Lima Teixeira-Júnior
- Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thalita Moura Silva Rocha
- Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Lecildo Lira Batista
- Oncology Research Center, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Coordination of Medicine, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Amanda Marques de Sousa
- Oncology Research Center, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - André Salim Khayat
- Oncology Research Center, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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27
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Shi L, Sun HJ, Zeng JJ, Liang ZQ, Lin YH, Huang SN, Zeng JH, Yang L, Chen H, Luo J, Wei KL. Evaluation of miR-141-3p over-expression in ovarian cancer. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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28
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Hsieh YH, Yu FJ, Nassef Y, Liu CJ, Chen YS, Lin CY, Feng JL, Wu MH. Targeting of Mcl-1 Expression by MiRNA-3614-5p Promotes Cell Apoptosis of Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084194. [PMID: 35457012 PMCID: PMC9029607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) acts as a critical regulator of growth in various human malignancies. However, the role of miRNA-3614 in the progression of human prostate cancer remains unknown. In this study, our results demonstrated that miRNA-3614-5p exerts a significant inhibitory effect on cell viability and colony formation and induces sub-G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) acts as a master regulator of cell survival. Using the miRNA databases, miRNA-3614-5p was found to regulate Mcl-1 expression by targeting positions of the Mcl-1-3′ UTR. The reduction of Mcl-1 expression by miRNA-3614-5p was further confirmed using an immunoblotting assay. Pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were significantly activated by miRNA-3614-5p to generate cleaved caspase-3 (active caspase-3) and cleaved PARP (active PARP), accompanied by the inhibited Mcl-1 expression. These findings were the first to demonstrate the anti-growth effects of miRNA-3614-5p through downregulating Mcl-1 expression in human prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (Y.N.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Jung Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (F.-J.Y.); (C.-J.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yasser Nassef
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (Y.N.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Chung-Jung Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (F.-J.Y.); (C.-J.L.)
- Regenetative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Syuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (Y.N.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Ching-Yi Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-Liang Feng
- Laboratory Department, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng-Ching General Hospital, Taichung 40764, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Chunghua 515006, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-L.F.); (M.-H.W.)
| | - Min-Hua Wu
- Laboratory Department, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng-Ching General Hospital, Taichung 40764, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Chunghua 515006, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-L.F.); (M.-H.W.)
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29
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Niu Y, Guo Y, Li Y, Shen S, Liang J, Guo W, Dong Z. LncRNA GATA2-AS1 suppresses esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via the mir-940/PTPN12 axis. Exp Cell Res 2022; 416:113130. [PMID: 35364057 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exhibit a regulatory role in the progression of ESCC. Our research was performed to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of lncRNA GATA2-AS1 in ESCC. METHODS The expression of GATA2-AS1 was identified by qRT-PCR. Cell function assays explored the potential effect of GATA2-AS1 on ESCC progression. The subcellular hierarchical localization method was executed to identify the subcellular localization of GATA2-AS1 in ESCC cells. A prediction website was utilized to discover the relationships among GATA2-AS1, miR-940 and PTPN12. Dual luciferase reporter gene, pull-down assays and RIP assays were executed to verify the binding activity among GATA2-AS1, miR-940 and PTPN12. Xenograft tumor experiments were performed to evaluate ESCC cell growth in vivo. RESULTS The expression of GATA2-AS1 and PTPN12 was reduced, while miR-940 expression was enhanced in ESCC tissues and cell lines. In vivo experiments showed that GATA2-AS1 inhibited the progression of ESCC cells toward malignancy. Bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase and RIP assays revealed that GATA2-AS1 upregulated PTPN12 expression by competitively targeting miR-940. miR-940 reversed the inhibitory effect of GATA2-AS1 on the biological behavior of ESCC cells. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that GATA2-AS1, expressed at low levels in ESCC, plays a crucial role in the progression of ESCC by targeting the miR-940/PTPN12 axis and could be a potential drug target to treat ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Niu
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanli Guo
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Supeng Shen
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jia Liang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiming Dong
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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30
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Personalized 3-Gene Panel for Prostate Cancer Target Therapy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:360-382. [PMID: 35723406 PMCID: PMC8929157 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many years and billions spent for research did not yet produce an effective answer to prostate cancer (PCa). Not only each human, but even each cancer nodule in the same tumor, has unique transcriptome topology. The differences go beyond the expression level to the expression control and networking of individual genes. The unrepeatable heterogeneous transcriptomic organization among men makes the quest for universal biomarkers and “fit-for-all” treatments unrealistic. We present a bioinformatics procedure to identify each patient’s unique triplet of PCa Gene Master Regulators (GMRs) and predict consequences of their experimental manipulation. The procedure is based on the Genomic Fabric Paradigm (GFP), which characterizes each individual gene by the independent expression level, expression variability and expression coordination with each other gene. GFP can identify the GMRs whose controlled alteration would selectively kill the cancer cells with little consequence on the normal tissue. The method was applied to microarray data on surgically removed prostates from two men with metastatic PCas (each with three distinct cancer nodules), and DU145 and LNCaP PCa cell lines. The applications verified that each PCa case is unique and predicted the consequences of the GMRs’ manipulation. The predictions are theoretical and need further experimental validation.
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31
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Yang L, Jia J, Li S. Advances in the Application of Exosomes Identification Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for the Early Detection of Cancers. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:808933. [PMID: 35087806 PMCID: PMC8786808 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.808933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small nanoscale vesicles with a double-layered lipid membrane structure secreted by cells, and almost all types of cells can secrete exosomes. Exosomes carry a variety of biologically active contents such as nucleic acids and proteins, and play an important role not only in intercellular information exchange and signal transduction, but also in various pathophysiological processes in the human body. Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) uses light to interact with nanostructured materials such as gold and silver to produce a strong surface plasmon resonance effect, which can significantly enhance the Raman signal of molecules adsorbed on the surface of nanostructures to obtain a rich fingerprint of the sample itself or Raman probe molecules with ultra-sensitivity. The unique advantages of SERS, such as non-invasive and high sensitivity, good selectivity, fast analysis speed, and low water interference, make it a promising technology for life science and clinical testing applications. In this paper, we briefly introduce exosomes and the current main detection methods. We also describe the basic principles of SERS and the progress of the application of unlabeled and labeled SERS in exosome detection. This paper also summarizes the value of SERS-based exosome assays for early tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute), Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyuan Jia
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Jingyuan Jia, ; Shenglong Li,
| | - Shenglong Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute), Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jingyuan Jia, ; Shenglong Li,
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Li W, Yang P, Zhong C, Shen X, Shi X, Li X. The circ-PITX1 promotes non-small cell lung cancer development via the miR-30e-5p/ITGA6 axis. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:304-321. [PMID: 35007184 PMCID: PMC8855876 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most prevalent tumors with high incidence and mortality across the globe. Recently, increasing studies have demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert outstanding functions in NSCLC progression. Notwithstanding, we are still in the dark about the function and exact mechanism of circ-PITX1, a newly discovered circRNA. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) confirmed the profile of circ-PITX1 in NSCLC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Gain- and loss- of function assay verified the impact of circ-PITX1 and miR-30e-5p on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells (H1975 and A549). Bioinformatics analysis corroborated the downstream mechanisms of circ-PITX1. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) examined the interactions between circ-PITX1 and miR-30e-5p, miR-30e-5p and ITGA6. The protein levels of ITGA6, PI3K, AKT were determined by Western blot. circ-PITX1 was substantially up-regulated in NSCLC tissues and cells, and circ-PITX1 up-regulation was correlated with NSCLC patients’ poor survival. Functionally, circ-PITX1 overexpression or miR-30e-5p inhibition markedly facilitated proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), reduced apoptosis, and enhanced ITGA6/PI3K/AKT expression in NSCLC cells, whereas circ-PITX1 knockdown or miR-30e-5p up-regulation resulted in the opposite results. Mechanistically, circ-PITX1 acted as a sponge of miR-30e-5p, which targeted the 3ʹuntranslated region (UTR) of ITGA6. Knockdown of circ-PITX1 or overexpressing miR-30e-5p reduced ITGA6/PI3K/AKT axis. circ-PITX1 modulates the miR-30e-5p/ITGA6 axis to boost NSCLC progression, hence functioning as an oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chucheng Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xiaozhen Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xingyuan Shi
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Olivan M, Garcia M, Suárez L, Guiu M, Gros L, Méndez O, Rigau M, Reventós J, Segura MF, de Torres I, Planas J, de la Cruz X, Gomis RR, Morote J, Rodríguez-Barrueco R, Santamaria A. Loss of microRNA-135b Enhances Bone Metastasis in Prostate Cancer and Predicts Aggressiveness in Human Prostate Samples. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6202. [PMID: 34944822 PMCID: PMC8699528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
About 70% of advanced-stage prostate cancer (PCa) patients will experience bone metastasis, which severely affects patients' quality of life and progresses to lethal PCa in most cases. Hence, understanding the molecular heterogeneity of PCa cell populations and the signaling pathways associated with bone tropism is crucial. For this purpose, we generated an animal model with high penetrance to metastasize to bone using an intracardiac percutaneous injection of PC3 cells to identify PCa metastasis-promoting factors. Using genomic high-throughput analysis we identified a miRNA signature involved in bone metastasis that also presents potential as a biomarker of PCa progression in human samples. In particular, the downregulation of miR-135b favored the incidence of bone metastases by significantly increasing PCa cells' migratory capacity. Moreover, the PLAG1, JAKMIP2, PDGFA, and VTI1b target genes were identified as potential mediators of miR-135b's role in the dissemination to bone. In this study, we provide a genomic signature involved in PCa bone growth, contributing to a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for this process. In the future, our results could ultimately translate into promising new therapeutic targets for the treatment of lethal PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Olivan
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Anatomy Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Marta Garcia
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Leticia Suárez
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Marc Guiu
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB-Barcelona), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (R.R.G.)
| | - Laura Gros
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Olga Méndez
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Marina Rigau
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Jaume Reventós
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.R.); (J.R.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Bàsiques, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel F. Segura
- Group of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Inés de Torres
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacques Planas
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier de la Cruz
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain;
- Group of Clinical and Translational Bioinformatics, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger R. Gomis
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB-Barcelona), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.G.); (R.R.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Juan Morote
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth Rodríguez-Barrueco
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Anatomy Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Anna Santamaria
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Laboratory, Biomedical Research Group in Urology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (L.S.); (L.G.); (O.M.); (I.d.T.); (J.P.); (J.M.)
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