1
|
Calagna G, Granese R, Giallombardo V, Capra G, Perino A, Schiattarella A, Trucchi C, Caridi G. Attitudes of mothers of preadolescent girls on HPV vaccine in Italy: do we need a turning point? Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2024; 76:222-230. [PMID: 36193834 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-606x.22.05153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, awareness, and attitude of mothers of preadolescent girls regarding the HPV vaccination and cervical cancer, and to understand how to improve the efficacy of the Italian vaccination campaign through the gathered data. METHODS A questionnaire-based survey was conducted in mothers of unvaccinated 9 to 12-year-old girls in Italy from November 2018 to July 2019, to evaluate their awareness and the attitude toward HPV, its vaccination, and the information sources of the vaccination campaign. The selection of the distribution sites of the questionnaire was performed with randomization of 50 major places of aggregation located throughout the Italian territory. RESULTS Three hundred mothers of unvaccinated girls were included in the study and divided into two groups (191 subjects <45 years old, 109 subjects >45 years old). Results showed that 79.6% of <45 years old knew what HPV is, compared to 60.6% of >45 years old (P value <0.001); only 60.2% (<45 years old) and 54.1% (>45 years old) showed awareness about the HPV vaccine (P value 0.03). The percentage of parents against vaccination in preadolescent was higher in the >45 years old (29.4%); however, most of them appeared favorable to the information campaigns regarding the vaccine (P value <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that mothers of unvaccinated preadolescent girls have suboptimal knowledge on the topic. Moreover, the implementation of communication strategies dedicated to the population segment appears as a central aspect. As HPV vaccination keeps being a public health concern, it is fundamental to understand which trigger should be managed by healthcare decision makers to boost the vaccination campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Calagna
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy -
| | - Roberta Granese
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, G. Martino University Hospital, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Giallombardo
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale (ASP) Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Capra
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine, and Medical Specialties (ProMISE) "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Perino
- IVF Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale (ASP) Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Schiattarella
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Trucchi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Nutrition, Azienda Sociosanitaria Ligure3 (A.S.L.3), Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Caridi
- Social Media Marketing Course, E-Campus University, Novedrate, Como, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Belfiore E, Di Prima G, Angellotti G, Panzarella V, De Caro V. Plant-Derived Polyphenols to Prevent and Treat Oral Mucositis Induced by Chemo- and Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers Management. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:260. [PMID: 38254751 PMCID: PMC10813700 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral Mucositis (OM) is the most common side effect due to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are the conventional treatment options for head and neck cancers. OM is a severe inflammatory condition characterized by multifactorial etiopathogenesis. It further negatively affects patients' quality of life by severe impairment of normal oral functions. Consequently, it is mandatory to identify new effective therapeutic approaches to both prevent and treat OM while also avoiding any recurrence. Polyphenols recently attracted the interest of the scientific community due to their low toxicity and wide range of biological activities making them ideal candidates for several applications in the odontostomatological field, particularly against OM. This review collects the in vivo studies and the clinical trials conducted over the past 13 years evaluating the preventive and curative effects of several polyphenolic compounds towards chemo- and radiotherapy-induced OM, both when administered alone or as a plant-extracted phytocomplex. The literature fully confirms the usefulness of these molecules, thus opening the possibility of their clinical application. However, polyphenol limitations (e.g., unfavourable physicochemical properties and susceptibility to degradation) have emerged. Consequently, the interest of the scientific community should be focused on developing innovative delivery systems able to stabilize polyphenols, thus facilitating topical administration and maximizing their efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Belfiore
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.B.); (V.P.)
| | - Giulia Di Prima
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Angellotti
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Vera Panzarella
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.B.); (V.P.)
| | - Viviana De Caro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mauceri R, Coppini M, Vacca D, Bertolazzi G, Cancila V, Tripodo C, Campisi G. No Clear Clustering Dysbiosis from Salivary Microbiota Analysis by Long Sequencing Reads in Patients Affected by Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Single Center Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4211. [PMID: 37686487 PMCID: PMC10486367 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advancements in DNA sequencing technology have facilitated the assessment of the connection between the oral microbiome and various diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the salivary microbiota composition employing for the first time in the literature the Oxford Nanopore Technology in patients affected by oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS Unstimulated saliva samples of 31 patients were collected (24 OSCC patients and 7 controls). DNA was extracted using the QIAamp DNA Blood Kit and metagenomic long sequencing reads were performed using the MinION device. RESULTS In the OSCC group, 13 were males and 11 were females, with a mean age of 65.5 ± 13.9 years; in the control group, 5 were males and 2 were females, with a mean age of 51.4 ± 19.2 years. The border of the tongue was the most affected OSCC site. The microorganisms predominantly detected in OSCC patients were Prevotella, Chlamydia, Tissierellia, Calothrix, Leotiomycetes, Firmicutes and Zetaproteobacteria. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the predominance of periodontopathic bacteria in the salivary microbiome in the OSCC group. If a direct correlation between oral dysbiosis and OSCC onset was proven, it could lead to new prevention strategies and early diagnostic tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Mauceri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.M.); (D.V.); (G.C.)
- Unit of Oral Medicine and Dentistry for Frail Patients, Department of Rehabilitation, Fragility and Continuity of Care, University Hospital Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Martina Coppini
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.M.); (D.V.); (G.C.)
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 90100 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Vacca
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.M.); (D.V.); (G.C.)
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (V.C.); (C.T.)
| | - Giorgio Bertolazzi
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (V.C.); (C.T.)
- Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Cancila
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (V.C.); (C.T.)
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (V.C.); (C.T.)
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.M.); (D.V.); (G.C.)
- Unit of Oral Medicine and Dentistry for Frail Patients, Department of Rehabilitation, Fragility and Continuity of Care, University Hospital Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mauceri R, Bazzano M, Coppini M, Tozzo P, Panzarella V, Campisi G. Diagnostic delay of oral squamous cell carcinoma and the fear of diagnosis: A scoping review. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1009080. [PMID: 36405204 PMCID: PMC9669962 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1009080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality rate of patients affected with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been stable in recent decades due to several factors, especially diagnostic delay, which is often associated with a late stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. The aims of this paper were to: analyze diagnostic delay in OSCC and to discuss the various psychological factors of patients with OSCC, with particular attention to the patient's fear of receiving news regarding their health; and the professional dynamics related to the decision-making processes in cases of suspected OSCC. A preliminary review of literature focusing on OSCC diagnostic delay was performed. Seven articles were included with the diagnostic delay ranging from 45 days to approximately 6 months. Patients' fears and, to a lesser degree, the concerns of dentists, were found to be still poorly investigated. On the basis of the authors' professional experience, the development of oral lesions of unknown origin may generate different behaviors in the decision-making processes by patients and clinicians, and fear may play a key role in the distinct steps of this process. It is crucial to increase awareness and inform patients about the onset of OSCC, and contemporaneously encourage experimental studies on patients' fear and professional behaviors with respect to communication regarding OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Mauceri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Bazzano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Martina Coppini
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pietro Tozzo
- U.O.C. of Stomatology, A.O.O.R., Villa Sofia-Cervello of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vera Panzarella
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Unit of Oral Medicine and Dentistry for Fragile Patients, Department of Rehabilitation, Fragility and Continuity of Care, University Hospital Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao L, Li Y, Yu C, Liu DX, Wu KH, Wei ZL, Liu MY, Yu L. Oncogenic KPNA2 Serves as a Biomarker and Immune Infiltration in Patients With HPV Positive Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:847793. [PMID: 35860570 PMCID: PMC9289550 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.847793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), the most prevalent type of oral cancer, is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Our previous work showed Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2), as an oncogene of TSCC, by relegating the p53/autophagy signaling pathway. Nevertheless, the significance of KPNA2 in TSCC pathogenesis has not been established. KPNA2 levels were evaluated via the TCGA database, and its effects on survival outcomes were assessed by LASSO, Kaplan‐Meier, and COX regression analyses. CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE investigated the relationships between KPNA2 and immune infiltration. At the same time, KPNA2 and HPV infection was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the association between downstream molecular regulation pathways and KPNA2 levels was determined by GO, GSEA, and WGCNA. In TSCC, KPNA2 levels were associated with clinical prognosis and tumor grade. Moreover, KPNA2 may be involved in cancer cell differentiation and facilitates tumor-related genes and signaling pathways, such as Cell Cycle, Mitotic G1 phase, G1/S transition, DNA Repair, and Transcriptional Regulation TP53 signaling pathways. Nevertheless, regulatory B cells, follicular helper B cells, and immune and stromal scores between low- and high-KPNA2 expression groups were insignificant. These results imply that KPNA2 is highly involved in tumor grade and prognosis of TSCC. KPNA2 levels correct with HPV 16 markedly regulated cell differentiation, several oncogenes, and cancer‐related pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ke-Han Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Li Wei
- Department of stomatology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, China
| | - Ming-Yue Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Yu,
| |
Collapse
|