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Pearl K, Zielinski P, Zaragoza BJ. Extra-Ocular Sebaceous Carcinoma Unveiled: A Case Study of Dermal Challenges in an Elderly African American Patient. Cureus 2024; 16:e51934. [PMID: 38333488 PMCID: PMC10851833 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the sebaceous glands that most commonly presents in the periocular area. Uncommon extraocular manifestations are occasionally observed, often limited to the head or neck but can occur wherever sebaceous glands are found. There are increasing cases of sebaceous carcinoma in the United States which continue to pose ongoing diagnostic challenges. We present a patient with a 5.5 x 4 x 2 cm gradually growing necrotic and fungating upper back mass, present for one year. This lesion was initially diagnosed as an excoriated sebaceous adenoma, microscopically showing well-formed organoid structures and no irregular infiltration into the dermis, but was later confirmed as sebaceous carcinoma, demonstrating prominent mitosis and infiltrative growth pattern, following wide surgical excision. Margins were clear following the surgery with no signs of recurrence but further treatment recommendations included follow-up with oncology due to the rarity and aggressive nature of this tumor. This case serves to present an atypical presentation of a rare malignancy that has an increased occurrence rate for unknown reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Pearl
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
- Department of Surgery, Broward Health Coral Springs, Coral Springs, USA
| | - Patricia Zielinski
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, USA
- Department of Surgery, Broward Health Coral Springs, Coral Springs, USA
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Yang MK, Kim N, Choung H, Kim JE, Khwarg SI. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in eyelid carcinoma among Koreans: a clinicopathological study. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:390. [PMID: 37752463 PMCID: PMC10521399 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been detected in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and detection rates greatly varied across studies. This study aimed to investigate the presence of HPV in eyelid SGC and SCC among Koreans and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS Surgically resected eyelid samples diagnosed as SGC or SCC from January 1999 to June 2011 were identified from the pathology database of three referral centres in Korea. Clinicopathological information including origin (skin vs. tarsal conjunctiva) and treatment outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p16, HPV DNA in situ hybridisation (ISH), and polymerase chain reaction-based DNA microarray were performed in paraffin-embedded tissue sections. RESULTS Our cohort included 34 SGC and 12 SCC cases with Asian ethnicity. HPV was detected in 4 SGC and 6 SCC by DNA microarray, while 2 SCC (16.7%) showed positivity in ISH. SCC of tarsal conjunctival origin was significantly more common in HPV-positive SCC than in HPV-negative SCC (5 of 6 vs. 0 of 6, P = 0.015, Fisher's exact test). Among samples showing positive staining in p16 IHC, HPV positivity rates were 0.0% (0/19) in SGC and 100% (3/3) in SCC. There was no significant difference in overall and local recurrence rate in eyelid SGC and SCC according to the HPV status (P > 0.99). CONCLUSIONS HPV was found in a subset of eyelid SGC and SCC among Koreans and might be aetiologically related to SCC of tarsal conjunctival origin. Overexpression of p16 is considered to be inappropriate as an indicator of HPV infection in eyelid SGC. Further investigation is required to elucidate the transmission route and pathogenic roles of HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Namju Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hokyung Choung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, 07061, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, 07061, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang In Khwarg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Reddy AM, Purser J, Nelson B, Paulger B, Stetson C. Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Wrist in an Elderly Woman: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e45057. [PMID: 37720114 PMCID: PMC10501812 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare, aggressive cutaneous malignancy most commonly arising from the periocular area. Extraocular locations of sebaceous carcinomas, particularly outside of the head and neck region, are rare and not well-described. We report a case of an 89-year-old Caucasian female with sebaceous carcinoma of the right wrist. She initially presented with a 1.2-centimeter friable nodule on the right wrist. Initial shave biopsy and subsequent pathologic evaluation revealed a basaloid neoplasm with sebaceous differentiation, atypia, and frequent mitoses, consistent with sebaceous carcinoma. The presented case reviews common clinical features and the pertinent histopathology of ocular and extraocular sebaceous carcinoma and provides a literature review of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhila M Reddy
- Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA
| | - Jeremy Purser
- Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA
| | - Bailey Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA
| | - Brent Paulger
- Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA
| | - Cloyce Stetson
- Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA
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Ju W, Luo GF, Shi YY, Zhou FJ, Li MQ, Xu JH, Yan ZX, Yang XH. Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Submandibular Gland a Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:123-130. [PMID: 36776729 PMCID: PMC9910202 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s392573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) of the submandibular gland is extremely rare. Owing to the low morbidity and nonspecific clinical manifestations, diagnosis is commonly delayed, which increases metastasis and mortality. To date, there have been five reported cases of SC of the submandibular gland. Here, we present a new case and review the relevant literature. Methods and Results A 36-year-old woman presented with an enlarged left submandibular gland. Clinical features included a non-tender solitary nodular mass with normal overlying skin. There were no special findings on computed tomography or ultrasound examination except for a swollen mass in the left submandibular gland. The patient underwent surgical resection. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of SC with nerve infiltration. Immunohistochemical examination of this case showed positive staining for P63, P40, CK7, CK8/18, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. The specimen was negative for androgen receptor, CEA, S-100, CK5/6, SOX-10, SOX-11, SMA, and GCDFP-15. The KI-67 labeling index was determined to be 15%. PAS and anti-epithelial membrane antigen were positive in partial area. The patient is still undergoing follow-up, and no metastasis or recurrence has been observed for 2 months. Conclusion This case highlighted the fact that despite its rarity, SC should be considered as a differential diagnosis for masses located in the head and face. Early and accurate diagnosis, followed by wide surgical excision, has a favorable prognosis. Therefore, clinicians should be familiar with the clinical and pathological features of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People’s Republic of China,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guan-fa Luo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-yuan Shi
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei-jun Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-qi Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-hui Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-xin Yan
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-hu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xi-hu Yang, Email
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