1
|
Baothman O, Ali EMM, Hosawi S, Hassan E. Konozy E, Abu Zeid IM, Ahmad A, Altayb HN. Prediction of anticancer peptides derived from the true lectins of Phoenix dactylifera and their synergetic effect with mitotane. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1322865. [PMID: 38464729 PMCID: PMC10920327 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1322865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Cancer continues to be a significant source of both illness and death on a global scale, traditional medicinal plants continue to serve as a fundamental resource of natural bioactive compounds as an alternative source of remedies. Although there have been numerous studies on the therapeutic role of Phoenix dactylifera, the study of the role of peptides has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer activity of lectin peptides from P. dactylifera using in silico and in vivo analysis. Methods: Different computational tools were used to extract and predict anticancer peptides from the true lectins of P. dactylifera. Nine peptides that are bioactive substances have been investigated for their anticancer activity against MCF-7 and T47D (two forms of breast cancer). To counteract the unfavorable effects of mitotane, the most potent peptides (U3 and U7) were combined with it and assessed for anticancer activity against MCF-7 and HepG2. Results: In silico analysis revealed that nine peptides were predicted with anticancer activity. In cell lines, the lowest IC50 values were measured in U3 and U7 against MCF-7 and T47D cells. U3 or U7 in combination with mitotane demonstrated the lowest IC50 against MCF-7 and HepG2. The maximum level of cell proliferation inhibition was 22% when U3 (500 µg/mL) and 25 µg/mL mitotane were combined, compared to 41% when 25 µg/mL mitotane was used alone. When mitotane and U3 or U7 were combined, it was shown that these bioactive substances worked synergistically with mitotane to lessen its negative effects. The combination of peptides and mitotane could be regarded as an efficient chemotherapeutic medication having these bioactive properties for treating a variety of tumors while enhancing the reduction of side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Othman Baothman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi
| | - Ehab M. M. Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Biochemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Salman Hosawi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emadeldin Hassan E. Konozy
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Glycoproteins, Biotechnology Park, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karary University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Isam M. Abu Zeid
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham N. Altayb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Seibold J, Hönemann M, Tönjes A, Sandner B. Safe long-term therapy of Cushing's syndrome over 37 years with mitotane. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1294415. [PMID: 38440784 PMCID: PMC10911286 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1294415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
While suggested, surgery is not always possible as a first-line treatment of Cushing's Disease (CD). In such cases, patients require medical therapy in order to prevent complications resulting from hypercortisolism. Although there has been a wide expansion in pharmacological options in recent years, mitotane was the agent of choice for treating hypercortisolism decades ago. Due to the introduction of other therapies, long-term experience with mitotane remains limited. Here, we report the case of a woman with CD who was treated with mitotane for 37 years. During the treatment period, biochemical and clinical disease control was achieved and the patient had two uncomplicated pregnancies. Drug-related side effects remained moderate and could be controlled by several dose adjustments. Our case highlights the ability of mitotane to allow an effective control of hypercortisolism and to represent a safe treatment option in special situations where CD requires an alternative therapeutic approach. Furthermore, we provide a literature review of the long-term use of mitotane and reported cases of pregnancy in the context of mitotane therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Seibold
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Hönemann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benjamin Sandner
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kwan K, Castro-Sandoval O, Ma B, Martelino D, Saffari A, Liu XL, Orvain C, Mellitzer G, Gaiddon C, Storr T. Altering relative metal-binding affinities in multifunctional Metallochaperones for mutant p53 reactivation. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 251:112433. [PMID: 38043136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The p53 protein plays a major role in cancer prevention, and over 50% of cancer diagnoses can be attributed to p53 malfunction. p53 incorporates a structural Zn site that is required for proper protein folding and function, and in many cases point mutations can result in loss of the Zn2+ ion, destabilization of the tertiary structure, and eventual amyloid aggregation. Herein, we report a series of compounds designed to act as small molecule stabilizers of mutant p53, and feature Zn-binding fragments to chaperone Zn2+ to the metal depleted site and restore wild-type (WT) function. Many Zn metallochaperones (ZMCs) have been shown to generate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), likely by chelating redox-active metals such as Fe2+/3+ and Cu+/2+ and undergoing associated Fenton chemistry. High levels of ROS can result in off-target effects and general toxicity, and thus, careful tuning of ligand Zn2+ affinity, in comparison to the affinity for other endogenous metals, is important for selective mutant p53 targeting. In this work we show that by using carboxylate donors in place of pyridine we can change the relative Zn2+/Cu2+ binding ability in a series of ligands, and we investigate the impact of donor group changes on metallochaperone activity and overall cytotoxicity in two mutant p53 cancer cell lines (NUGC3 and SKGT2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalvin Kwan
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Omar Castro-Sandoval
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Benjamin Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Diego Martelino
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Ashkan Saffari
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Xi Lan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Christophe Orvain
- Inserm UMR_S 1113, Université de Strasbourg, Molecular Mechanisms of Stress Response and Pathologies, Strasbourg, France
| | - Georg Mellitzer
- Inserm UMR_S 1113, Université de Strasbourg, Molecular Mechanisms of Stress Response and Pathologies, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Inserm UMR_S 1113, Université de Strasbourg, Molecular Mechanisms of Stress Response and Pathologies, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schiavon A, Saba L, Catucci G, Petiti J, Puglisi S, Borin C, Reimondo G, Gilardi G, Giachino C, Terzolo M, Lo Iacono M. Albumin/Mitotane Interaction Affects Drug Activity in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cells: Smoke and Mirrors on Mitotane Effect with Possible Implications for Patients' Management. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16701. [PMID: 38069023 PMCID: PMC10706292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitotane is the only drug approved for the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Although it has been used for many years, its mechanism of action remains elusive. H295R cells are, in ACC, an essential tool to evaluate drug mechanisms, although they often lead to conflicting results. METHODS Using different in vitro biomolecular technologies and biochemical/biophysical experiments, we evaluated how the presence of "confounding factors" in culture media and patient sera could reduce the pharmacological effect of mitotane and its metabolites. RESULTS We discovered that albumin, the most abundant protein in the blood, was able to bind mitotane. This interaction altered the effect of the drug by blocking its biological activity. This blocking effect was independent of the albumin source or methodology used and altered the assessment of drug sensitivity of the cell lines. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have for the first time demonstrated that albumin does not only act as an inert drug carrier when mitotane or its metabolites are present. Indeed, our experiments clearly indicated that both albumin and human serum were able to suppress the pharmacological effect of mitotane in vitro. These experiments could represent a first step towards the individualization of mitotane treatment in this rare tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Schiavon
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.S.); (L.S.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (G.R.); (C.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Laura Saba
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.S.); (L.S.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (G.R.); (C.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Catucci
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy; (G.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Jessica Petiti
- Division of Advanced Materials Metrology and Life Sciences, Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM), 10135 Turin, Italy;
| | - Soraya Puglisi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.S.); (L.S.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (G.R.); (C.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Chiara Borin
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.S.); (L.S.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (G.R.); (C.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Reimondo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.S.); (L.S.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (G.R.); (C.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Gianfranco Gilardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy; (G.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Claudia Giachino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.S.); (L.S.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (G.R.); (C.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Massimo Terzolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.S.); (L.S.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (G.R.); (C.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Marco Lo Iacono
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.S.); (L.S.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (G.R.); (C.G.); (M.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Puglisi S, Basile V, Sperone P, Terzolo M. Pregnancy in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma: a case-based discussion. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:85-96. [PMID: 36414840 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09769-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) during pregnancy is rare, a retrospective review of a case series at our hospital revealed that almost one third of our patients were women in childbearing age. Given that the age of maternity is increasing, dealing with a tumor diagnosis during pregnancy and the need for fertility planning in cancer survivors is likely to become more frequent.We thus carried out a case-based discussion regarding: i) diagnosing and treating an ACC during pregnancy; ii) patients conceiving while on mitotane; iii) ACC survivors with a maternal desire.In each of these cases, it is important to provide patients with sufficient information, to offer medical advice and psychological support, to personalize treatments in accordance with the wishes of the patient and her relatives, and to collaborate with other specialists since a multidisciplinary expert team is required to manage each case individually.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Puglisi
- Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Vittoria Basile
- Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Paola Sperone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Massimo Terzolo
- Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koh Jing Jie A, Hussein M, Rao GG, Li J, Velkov T. Drug Repurposing Approaches towards Defeating Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens: Novel Polymyxin/Non-Antibiotic Combinations. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121420. [PMID: 36558754 PMCID: PMC9781023 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens remain an unmet public health threat. In recent times, increased rates of resistance have been reported not only to commonly used antibiotics, but also to the last-resort antibiotics, such as polymyxins. More worryingly, despite the current trends in resistance, there is a lack of new antibiotics in the drug-discovery pipeline. Hence, it is imperative that new strategies are developed to preserve the clinical efficacy of the current antibiotics, particularly the last-line agents. Combining conventional antibiotics such as polymyxins with non-antibiotics (or adjuvants), has emerged as a novel and effective strategy against otherwise untreatable MDR pathogens. This review explores the available literature detailing the latest polymyxin/non-antibiotic combinations, their mechanisms of action, and potential avenues to advance their clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Augustine Koh Jing Jie
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Maytham Hussein
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Gauri G. Rao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wilmouth JJ, Olabe J, Garcia-Garcia D, Lucas C, Guiton R, Roucher-Boulez F, Dufour D, Damon-Soubeyrand C, Sahut-Barnola I, Pointud JC, Renaud Y, Levasseur A, Tauveron I, Lefrançois-Martinez AM, Martinez A, Val P. Sexually dimorphic activation of innate antitumor immunity prevents adrenocortical carcinoma development. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd0422. [PMID: 36240276 PMCID: PMC9565812 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Unlike most cancers, adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are more frequent in women than in men, but the underlying mechanisms of this sexual dimorphism remain elusive. Here, we show that inactivation of Znrf3 in the mouse adrenal cortex, recapitulating the most frequent alteration in ACC patients, is associated with sexually dimorphic tumor progression. Although female knockouts develop metastatic carcinomas at 18 months, adrenal hyperplasia regresses in male knockouts. This male-specific phenotype is associated with androgen-dependent induction of senescence, recruitment, and differentiation of highly phagocytic macrophages that clear out senescent cells. In contrast, in females, macrophage recruitment is delayed and dampened, which allows for aggressive tumor progression. Consistently, analysis of TCGA-ACC data shows that phagocytic macrophages are more prominent in men and are associated with better prognosis. Together, these data show that phagocytic macrophages are key players in the sexual dimorphism of ACC that could be previously unidentified allies in the fight against this devastating cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James J. Wilmouth
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julie Olabe
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Diana Garcia-Garcia
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cécily Lucas
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Rachel Guiton
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Roucher-Boulez
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, UM Pathologies Endocriniennes, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Damien Dufour
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christelle Damon-Soubeyrand
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Isabelle Sahut-Barnola
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Pointud
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yoan Renaud
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Adrien Levasseur
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Igor Tauveron
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Endocrinologie Diabétologie CHU Clermont Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, F63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne-Marie Lefrançois-Martinez
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Antoine Martinez
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Val
- Institut GReD (Genetics, Reproduction and Development), CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sex-Based Evaluation of Lipid Profile in Postoperative Adjuvant Mitotane Treatment for Adrenocortical Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081873. [PMID: 36009421 PMCID: PMC9405852 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A wide interindividual variability in mitotane concentrations and treatment-related dyslipidemia have been reported. Here, we aimed to underline the sex-related differences in the lipid profile in patients that underwent radical surgery of adrenocortical carcinoma during treatment with adjuvant mitotane. Methods: A chromatographic method was used to quantify the drug in plasma collected from adult patients with complete tumor resection, also considering active metabolite o,p’-DDE. Results: We observed different lipid profiles between males and females and between pre- and post-menopausal women. Considering the mitotane-related effects on lipid levels, we observed that higher drug concentrations were correlated with higher HDL in all the considered groups (p < 0.001), with total cholesterol both in males (p = 0.005) and females (p = 0.036), with triglycerides in postmenopausal females (p = 0.002) and with LDL in male patients (p < 0.001). Increases in o,p’-DDE were positively correlated with HDL levels in all the groups (p < 0.001) and negatively with LDL in all the groups (males p = 0.008, pre- and post-menopausal females p < 0.001), with total cholesterol in pre- (p = 0.016) and post-menopausal women (p = 0.01) and with triglycerides in premenopausal females (p = 0.005). Conclusions: This is the first study designed to evaluate sex differences in lipoprotein and lipid levels during mitotane adjuvant treatment; the results suggest that a gender and personalized approach could be useful to prevent and manage alterations in the lipid profile.
Collapse
|
9
|
Duranova H, Fialkova V, Valkova V, Bilcikova J, Olexikova L, Lukac N, Massanyi P, Knazicka Z. Human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line (NCI-H295R): An in vitro screening model for the assessment of endocrine disruptors' actions on steroidogenesis with an emphasis on cell ultrastructural features. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151912. [PMID: 35661985 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cell lines as an in vitro model for xenobiotic screening and toxicity studies provide a very important tool in the field of scientific research at the level of molecular pathways and gene expression. Good cell culture practice and intracellular characterization, as well as physiological properties of the cell line are of critical importance for in vitro reproductive toxicity testing of various endocrine-disrupting chemicals. The NCI-H295R, human adrenocarcinoma cell line, is the most widely used in vitro cellular system to study the human adrenal steroidogenic pathway at the level of hormone production and gene expression, as it expresses genes that encode for all the key enzymes for steroidogenesis. In this review, we aim to highlight the information considering the origin, development, physiological and ultrastructural characteristics of the NCI-H295R cell line. The review also creates a broad overview of the cell line usage in various range of studies related to the steroidogenesis issues. To our best knowledge, the paper provides the first report of quantitative data (ex novo) from stereological estimates of component (volume, surface) densities of nuclei, mitochondria, and lipid droplets of the NCI-H295R cells. Such ultrastructural measurements can be valuable in the assessment of underlying mechanisms of changes in the cell steroid hormone production induced by the action of diverse endocrine disruptors. Thus, they can significantly contribute to complexity of structure-function relationships in association with steroidogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Duranova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Veronika Fialkova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Veronika Valkova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Jana Bilcikova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Lucia Olexikova
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, NPPC - Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovak Republic.
| | - Norbert Lukac
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Peter Massanyi
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Zuzana Knazicka
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Igaz P. New Insights in the Genetics and Genomics of Adrenocortical Tumors and Pheochromocytomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14041094. [PMID: 35205841 PMCID: PMC8870129 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14041094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Igaz
- Department of Endocrinology, ENS@T Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary; ; Tel.: +36-1-266-0816
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|