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Gumanova NG, Zlobina PD, Bogdanova NL, Brutyan HA, Kalemberg EN, Havrichenko YI, Davtyan KV, Drapkina OM. Atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation is associated with RAD51 and p63 proteins. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32874. [PMID: 38988509 PMCID: PMC11233995 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Catheter ablation has been demonstrated to reduce atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. The mechanisms of AF recurrence after catheter ablation are unknown, and the present study aimed to identify serum proteins associated with AF recurrence. The present prospective study comprised a cohort of patients with AF, which was divided into two groups after one-year follow-up: group 1 included patients with compensated AF after catheter ablation and group 2 included patients with AF recurrence after catheter ablation. Initial microarray profiling of the serum proteins was performed in small subgroups M1 and M2 recruited from groups 1 and 2, respectively, by an antibody microarray to evaluate potentially relevant proteins. The data of initial proteomic profiling identified candidate proteins in groups 1 and 2, and their levels were then measured by ELISA. The data of profiling suggested an overall increase in the levels of RAD51 and p63 proteins in the M2 subgroup versus that in the M1 subgroup, indicating potential relevance of these two proteins to AF recurrence. The results of ELISA of the levels of RAD51 and p63 in the groups 1 and 2 demonstrated an increase in the levels of RAD51 (11.11 ± 4.36 vs 8.45 ± 4.85 ng/mL; P = 0.009) and p63 (165.73 ± 113.75 vs 100.05 ± 37.56 units of normalized optical density; P = 0.0007) in the group 2 (with AF recurrence or substrate AF) compared with that in the group 1 (compensated AF). Thus, RAD51 and p63 were associated with AF recurrence after catheter ablation and may represent possible etiological factors for subsequent outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda G. Gumanova
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Center for Preventive Medicine (NRCPM), Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina D. Zlobina
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Department, National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, 10 Petroverigsky per., Building 3, Moscow, 101990, Russia
| | - Natalya L. Bogdanova
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Center for Preventive Medicine (NRCPM), Moscow, Russia
| | - Hakob A. Brutyan
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Department, National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, 10 Petroverigsky per., Building 3, Moscow, 101990, Russia
| | - Elena N. Kalemberg
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Department, National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, 10 Petroverigsky per., Building 3, Moscow, 101990, Russia
| | - Ya I. Havrichenko
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Center for Preventive Medicine (NRCPM), Moscow, Russia
| | - Karapet V. Davtyan
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Department, National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, 10 Petroverigsky per., Building 3, Moscow, 101990, Russia
| | - Oxana M. Drapkina
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, 10 Petroverigsky per., Building 3, Moscow, 101990, Russia
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2
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Azimi P, Yazdanian T, Ahmadiani A. mRNA markers for survival prediction in glioblastoma multiforme patients: a systematic review with bioinformatic analyses. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:612. [PMID: 38773447 PMCID: PMC11106946 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12345-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a type of fast-growing brain glioma associated with a very poor prognosis. This study aims to identify key genes whose expression is associated with the overall survival (OS) in patients with GBM. METHODS A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science up to Journey 2024. Two researchers independently extracted the data and assessed the study quality according to the New Castle Ottawa scale (NOS). The genes whose expression was found to be associated with survival were identified and considered in a subsequent bioinformatic study. The products of these genes were also analyzed considering protein-protein interaction (PPI) relationship analysis using STRING. Additionally, the most important genes associated with GBM patients' survival were also identified using the Cytoscape 3.9.0 software. For final validation, GEPIA and CGGA (mRNAseq_325 and mRNAseq_693) databases were used to conduct OS analyses. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed with GO Biological Process 2023. RESULTS From an initial search of 4104 articles, 255 studies were included from 24 countries. Studies described 613 unique genes whose mRNAs were significantly associated with OS in GBM patients, of which 107 were described in 2 or more studies. Based on the NOS, 131 studies were of high quality, while 124 were considered as low-quality studies. According to the PPI network, 31 key target genes were identified. Pathway analysis revealed five hub genes (IL6, NOTCH1, TGFB1, EGFR, and KDR). However, in the validation study, only, the FN1 gene was significant in three cohorts. CONCLUSION We successfully identified the most important 31 genes whose products may be considered as potential prognosis biomarkers as well as candidate target genes for innovative therapy of GBM tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Azimi
- Neurosurgeon, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839- 63113, Iran.
| | | | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neurosurgeon, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839- 63113, Iran.
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3
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Mosca L, Pagano C, Tranchese RV, Grillo R, Cadoni F, Navarra G, Coppola L, Pagano M, Mele L, Cacciapuoti G, Laezza C, Porcelli M. Antitumoral Activity of the Universal Methyl Donor S-Adenosylmethionine in Glioblastoma Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:1708. [PMID: 38675528 PMCID: PMC11052366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent and lethal brain cancer in adults, is characterized by short survival times and high mortality rates. Due to the resistance of GBM cells to conventional therapeutic treatments, scientific interest is focusing on the search for alternative and efficient adjuvant treatments. S-Adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), the well-studied physiological methyl donor, has emerged as a promising anticancer compound and a modulator of multiple cancer-related signaling pathways. We report here for the first time that AdoMet selectively inhibited the viability and proliferation of U87MG, U343MG, and U251MG GBM cells. In these cell lines, AdoMet induced S and G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and downregulated the expression and activation of proteins involved in homologous recombination DNA repair, including RAD51, BRCA1, and Chk1. Furthermore, AdoMet was able to maintain DNA in a damaged state, as indicated by the increased γH2AX/H2AX ratio. AdoMet promoted mitotic catastrophe through inhibiting Aurora B kinase expression, phosphorylation, and localization causing GBM cells to undergo mitotic catastrophe-induced death. Finally, AdoMet inhibited DNA repair and induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and mitotic catastrophe in patient-derived GBM cells. In light of these results, AdoMet could be considered a potential adjuvant in GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mosca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Cristina Pagano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (G.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Roberta Veglia Tranchese
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Roberta Grillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Francesca Cadoni
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Giovanna Navarra
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (G.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Laura Coppola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (G.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Martina Pagano
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Luigi Mele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Cacciapuoti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marina Porcelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
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4
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Renodon-Corniere A, Mikawa T, Kuwabara N, Ito K, Levitsky D, Iwasaki H, Takahashi M. Human Rad51 Protein Requires Higher Concentrations of Calcium Ions for D-Loop Formation than for Oligonucleotide Strand Exchange. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3633. [PMID: 38612444 PMCID: PMC11011376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Rad51 protein (HsRad51)-promoted DNA strand exchange, a crucial step in homologous recombination, is regulated by proteins and calcium ions. Both the activator protein Swi5/Sfr1 and Ca2+ ions stimulate different reaction steps and induce perpendicular DNA base alignment in the presynaptic complex. To investigate the role of base orientation in the strand exchange reaction, we examined the Ca2+ concentration dependence of strand exchange activities and structural changes in the presynaptic complex. Our results show that optimal D-loop formation (strand exchange with closed circular DNA) required Ca2+ concentrations greater than 5 mM, whereas 1 mM Ca2+ was sufficient for strand exchange between two oligonucleotides. Structural changes indicated by increased fluorescence intensity of poly(dεA) (a poly(dA) analog) reached a plateau at 1 mM Ca2+. Ca2+ > 2 mM was required for saturation of linear dichroism signal intensity at 260 nm, associated with rigid perpendicular DNA base orientation, suggesting a correlation with the stimulation of D-loop formation. Therefore, Ca2+ exerts two different effects. Thermal stability measurements suggest that HsRad51 binds two Ca2+ ions with KD values of 0.2 and 2.5 mM, implying that one step is stimulated by one Ca2+ bond and the other by two Ca2+ bonds. Our results indicate parallels between the Mg2+ activation of RecA and the Ca2+ activation of HsRad51.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tsutomu Mikawa
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan;
| | - Naoyuki Kuwabara
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan;
| | - Kentaro Ito
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan;
| | - Dmitri Levitsky
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.R.-C.); (D.L.)
| | - Hiroshi Iwasaki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan;
- Innovative Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takahashi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan;
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Sun M, Xie H, Zhang W, Li X, Jiang Z, Liang Y, Zhao G, Huang N, Mao J, Liu G, Zhang Z. Bioinspired Lipoproteins of Furoxans-Gemcitabine Preferentially Targets Glioblastoma and Overcomes Radiotherapy Resistance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306190. [PMID: 38049204 PMCID: PMC10853724 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) resistance is an enormous challenge in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment, which is largely associated with DNA repair, poor distribution of reactive radicals in tumors, and limited delivery of radiosensitizers to the tumor sites. Inspired by the aberrant upregulation of RAD51 (a critical protein of DNA repair), scavenger receptor B type 1 (SR-B1), and C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) in GBM patients, a reduction-sensitive nitric oxide (NO) donor conjugate of gemcitabine (RAD51 inhibitor) (NG) is synthesized as radio-sensitizer and a CCL5 peptide-modified bioinspired lipoprotein system of NG (C-LNG) is rationally designed, aiming to preferentially target the tumor sites and overcome the RT resistance. C-LNG can preferentially accumulate at the orthotopic GBM tumor sites with considerable intratumor permeation, responsively release the gemcitabine and NO, and then generate abundant peroxynitrite (ONOO- ) upon X-ray radiation, thereby producing a 99.64% inhibition of tumor growth and a 71.44% survival rate at 120 days in GL261-induced orthotopic GBM tumor model. Therefore, the rationally designed bioinspired lipoprotein of NG provides an essential strategy to target GBM and overcome RT resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyuan Sun
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Honglei Xie
- Institute of PharmacologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences619 Changcheng RoadTaian271016China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xianlu Li
- School of Pharmacy & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education)Fudan UniversityShanghai201203China
| | - Zhan Jiang
- Department of OncologyThe Chongqing General HospitalChongqing400016China
| | - Yiyu Liang
- School of Pharmacy & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education)Fudan UniversityShanghai201203China
| | - Guanjian Zhao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Ning Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Jinning Mao
- Health Management CenterThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education)Fudan UniversityShanghai201203China
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Xing JL, Stea B. Molecular mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to radiotherapy. Clin Exp Metastasis 2024:10.1007/s10585-023-10260-4. [PMID: 38231337 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-023-10260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying sensitivity and resistance to radiotherapy is an area of active investigation and discovery as its clinical applications have the potential to improve cancer patients' outcomes. In addition to the traditional pathways of radiation biology, our knowledge now includes molecular pathways of radiation sensitivity and resistance which have provided insights into potential targets for enhancing radiotherapy efficacy. Sensitivity to radiotherapy is influenced by the intricate interplay of various molecular mechanisms involved in DNA damage repair, apoptosis, cellular senescence, and epigenetics. Translationally, there have been several successful applications of this new knowledge into the clinic, such as biomarkers for improved response to chemo-radiation. New therapies to modify radiation response, such as the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, derived from research on DNA repair pathways leading to radiotherapy resistance, are being used clinically. In addition, p53-mediated pathways are critical for DNA damage related apoptosis, cellular senescence, and cell cycle arrest. As the understanding of genetic markers, molecular profiling, molecular imaging, and functional assays improve, these advances once translated clinically, will help propel modern radiation therapy towards more precise and individualized practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Xing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arizona, 3838 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Baldassarre Stea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arizona, 3838 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA.
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7
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Daddacha W, Monroe D, Carver K, Usoro ER, Alptekin A, Xu H, Osuka S, Arbab AS, Sakamuro D. Viral Particle-Mediated SAMHD1 Depletion Sensitizes Refractory Glioblastoma to DNA-Damaging Therapeutics by Impairing Homologous Recombination. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184490. [PMID: 36139652 PMCID: PMC9497202 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma (GBM) is a lethal and common primary brain tumor that accounts for about 50% of all diagnosed malignant gliomas. Despite aggressive standard-of-care treatment of surgical resection followed by γ-irradiation (IR) and DNA alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), the average post-diagnosis survival time for a GBM patient remains at 15 months. This is mainly due to acquired resistance and limited therapeutic options. Sterile alpha motif and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) supports DNA double-strand break repair by promoting homologous recombination (HR) and it can be targeted to proteasomal degradation by viral protein X (Vpx). We aim to evaluate whether depleting SAMHD1 sensitizes refractory GBM to IR and TMZ, and the possibility of utilizing Vpx as therapeutic tool. We report that SAMHD1 is highly expressed in GBM. Vpx-mediated SAMHD1 depletion impaired HR and sensitized GBM cells to IR and TMZ. Our finding demonstrates the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting SAMHD1 with Vpx in GBM. Abstract The current standard-of-care treatment for glioblastoma includes DNA damaging agents, γ-irradiation (IR) and temozolomide (TMZ). These treatments fail frequently and there is limited alternative strategy. Therefore, identifying a new therapeutic target is urgently needed to develop a strategy that improves the efficacy of the existing treatments. Here, we report that tumor samples from GBM patients express a high level of SAMHD1, emphasizing SAMHD1’s importance. The depletion of SAMHD1 using virus-like particles containing Vpx, VLP(+Vpx), sensitized two independent GBM cell lines (LN-229 and U-87) to veliparib, a well-established PARP inhibitor, and slowed cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. In the mouse GBM xenograft model, Vpx-mediated SAMHD1 depletion reduced tumor growth and SAMHD1 knockout (KO) improved survival. In combination with IR or TMZ, SAMHD1 KO and exposure to 50% growth inhibitory dose (gID50) of VLP(+Vpx) displayed a synergistic effect, resulting in impaired HR, and improved LN-229 cells’ sensitivity to TMZ and IR. In conclusion, our finding demonstrates that SAMHD1 promotes GBM resistance to treatment, and it is a plausible therapeutic target to improve the efficacy of TMZ and IR in GBM. Furthermore, we show that Vpx could be a potential therapeutic tool that can be utilized to deplete SAMHD1 in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waaqo Daddacha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-706-721-0272
| | - Dominique Monroe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Kristen Carver
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Edidiong R. Usoro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ahmet Alptekin
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Satoru Osuka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Ali S. Arbab
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Daitoku Sakamuro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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8
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Wang Z, Jia R, Wang L, Yang Q, Hu X, Fu Q, Zhang X, Li W, Ren Y. The Emerging Roles of Rad51 in Cancer and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target. Front Oncol 2022; 12:935593. [PMID: 35875146 PMCID: PMC9300834 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.935593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in DNA repair pathways are emerging hallmarks of cancer. Accurate DNA repairs and replications are essential for genomic stability. Cancer cells require residual DNA repair capabilities to repair the damage from replication stress and genotoxic anti-tumor agents. Defective DNA repair also promotes the accumulation of genomic changes that eventually lead to tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and therapeutic resistance to DNA-damaging anti-tumor agents. Rad51 recombinase is a critical effector of homologous recombination, which is an essential DNA repair mechanism for double-strand breaks. Rad51 has been found to be upregulated in many malignant solid tumors, and is correlated with poor prognosis. In multiple tumor types, Rad51 is critical for tumor metabolism, metastasis and drug resistance. Herein, we initially introduced the structure, expression pattern of Rad51 and key Rad51 mediators involved in homologous recombination. Additionally, we primarily discussed the role of Rad51 in tumor metabolism, metastasis, resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenyang Chest Hospital & Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Renxiang Jia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenyang Chest Hospital & Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenyang Chest Hospital & Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaohai Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenya Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Ren, ; Wenya Li,
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenyang Chest Hospital & Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Ren, ; Wenya Li,
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9
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Colapietro A, Yang P, Rossetti A, Mancini A, Vitale F, Chakraborty S, Martellucci S, Marampon F, Mattei V, Gravina GL, Iorio R, Newman RA, Festuccia C. The Botanical Drug PBI-05204, a Supercritical CO2 Extract of Nerium Oleander, Is Synergistic With Radiotherapy in Models of Human Glioblastoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:852941. [PMID: 35401175 PMCID: PMC8984197 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.852941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common as well as one of the most malignant types of brain cancer. Despite progress in development of novel therapies for the treatment of GBM, it remains largely incurable with a poor prognosis and a very low life expectancy. Recent studies have shown that oleandrin, a unique cardiac glycoside from Nerium oleander, as well as a defined extract (PBI-05204) that contains this molecule, inhibit growth of human glioblastoma, and modulate glioblastoma patient-derived stem cell-renewal properties. Here we demonstrate that PBI-05204 treatment leads to an increase in vitro in the sensitivity of GBM cells to radiation in which the main mechanisms are the transition from autophagy to apoptosis, enhanced DNA damage and reduced DNA repair after radiotherapy (RT) administration. The combination of PBI-05204 with RT was associated with reduced tumor progression evidenced by both subcutaneous as well as orthotopic implanted GBM tumors. Collectively, these results reveal that PBI-05204 enhances antitumor activity of RT in preclinical/murine models of human GBM. Given the fact that PBI-05204 has already been examined in Phase I and II clinical trials for cancer patients, its efficacy when combined with standard-of-care radiotherapy regimens in GBM should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Colapietro
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alessandra Rossetti
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Flora Vitale
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Sharmistha Chakraborty
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stefano Martellucci
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, Rieti, Italy
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology, University Hub “Sabina Universitas”, Rieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, Rieti, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Iorio
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Robert A. Newman
- Phoenix Biotechnology, Inc., San Antonio, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Robert A. Newman, ; Claudio Festuccia,
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- *Correspondence: Robert A. Newman, ; Claudio Festuccia,
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Vlatkovic T, Veldwijk MR, Giordano FA, Herskind C. Targeting Cell Cycle Checkpoint Kinases to Overcome Intrinsic Radioresistance in Brain Tumor Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030701. [PMID: 35158967 PMCID: PMC8833533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As cell cycle checkpoint mechanisms maintain genomic integrity, the inhibition of enzymes involved in these control mechanisms may increase the sensitivity of the cells to DNA damaging treatments. In this review, we summarize the knowledge in the field of brain tumor treatment with radiation therapy and cell cycle checkpoint inhibition via targeting ATM, ATR, CHK1, CHK2, and WEE1 kinases. Abstract Radiation therapy is an important part of the standard of care treatment of brain tumors. However, the efficacy of radiation therapy is limited by the radioresistance of tumor cells, a phenomenon held responsible for the dismal prognosis of the most aggressive brain tumor types. A promising approach to radiosensitization of tumors is the inhibition of cell cycle checkpoint control responsible for cell cycle progression and the maintenance of genomic integrity. Inhibition of the kinases involved in these control mechanisms can abolish cell cycle checkpoints and DNA damage repair and thus increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation and chemotherapy. Here, we discuss preclinical progress in molecular targeting of ATM, ATR, CHK1, CHK2, and WEE1, checkpoint kinases in the treatment of brain tumors, and review current clinical phase I-II trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Vlatkovic
- Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology Lab, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (T.V.); (M.R.V.)
| | - Marlon R. Veldwijk
- Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology Lab, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (T.V.); (M.R.V.)
| | - Frank A. Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Carsten Herskind
- Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology Lab, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (T.V.); (M.R.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-621-383-3773
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