1
|
Pichardo CM, Ezeani A, Acevedo AM, Agurs-Collins T, Bailey-Whyte M, Dorsey TH, Harris AR, Franklin J, Kittles RA, Lawrence WR, Loffredo CA, Minas TZ, Pichardo MS, Ryan BM, Tang W, Wooten W, Liu J, Ambs S. West African Genetic Ancestry, Neighborhood Deprivation, and Prostate Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2433546. [PMID: 39283637 PMCID: PMC11406387 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.33546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Racial disparities in prostate cancer are likely the result of complex relationships between both socioeconomic and environmental factors captured by the neighborhood environment and genetic factors, including West African genetic ancestry. However, few studies have examined the combined role of neighborhood environment and genetic ancestry in developing lethal prostate cancer. Objective To examine the interactions between West African genetic ancestry and neighborhood deprivation in modifying prostate cancer risk and mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants This case-control study was conducted in the Greater Baltimore area. Participants included men of African and European descent (617 cases with prostate cancer, 852 controls without prostate cancer) enrolled between January 2005 and January 2016. Follow-up was performed through December 31, 2020, using the National Death Index. Analysis was conducted from August 2023 to January 2024. Exposure Included exposures were West African genetic ancestry, derived from large-scale genotyping, and neighborhood deprivation, defined using 2000 census-tract-level Neighborhood Deprivation Index (NDI) score. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcomes of interest were prostate cancer and all-cause mortality. Results Among a total of 1469 participants (mean [SD] age, 64.96 [7.95] years), there were 736 self-identified Black and 733 White men, and the mean (range) proportion of West African genetic ancestry was 0.27 (0.04-0.84) among participants residing in areas with low levels of deprivation and 0.48 (0.07-0.83) among participants residing in areas with high levels of deprivation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a significant multiplicative interaction of West African genetic ancestry and neighborhood deprivation with the odds of a prostate cancer diagnosis (P for interaction = .02). Among individuals living in neighborhoods with high NDI scores, West African genetic ancestry was associated with increased odds of a prostate cancer diagnosis (age-adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% CI, 1.23-3.19). In contrast, West African genetic ancestry was associated with reduced odds of this diagnosis among individuals residing in areas with medium to low levels of deprivation (age-adjusted OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.11-0.44). There was no significant multiplicative interaction between West African genetic ancestry and neighborhood deprivation for all-cause mortality (P for interaction = .44). The positive association of neighborhood deprivation with prostate cancer was independent of West African genetic ancestry (age- and West African ancestry-adjusted OR, 1,70; 95% CI, 1.50-1.94). Conclusions and Relevance This case-control study of men with West African and European ancestry found that West African genetic ancestry was associated with increased odds of prostate cancer among males who resided in neighborhoods with high deprivation but lower odds in more affluent neighborhoods. Thus, neighborhood environments may play a critical role in defining how genetic ancestry modulates prostate cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Pichardo
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Adaora Ezeani
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Amanda M Acevedo
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Tanya Agurs-Collins
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Maeve Bailey-Whyte
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Tiffany H Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexandra R Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jamirra Franklin
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rick A Kittles
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wayne R Lawrence
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Christopher A Loffredo
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Tsion Zewdu Minas
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Margaret S Pichardo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Penn Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Brid M Ryan
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - William Wooten
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center Biostatistics Shared Service, Baltimore
| | - Jia Liu
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liou KT, Garland SN, Meghani SH, Kaye NM, Thompson E, Li QS, Mao JJ. Racial differences in treatment adherence and response to acupuncture and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia among Black and White cancer survivors. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7344. [PMID: 39161103 PMCID: PMC11333531 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial disparities in sleep are well-documented. However, evidence-based options for addressing these disparities are lacking in cancer populations. To inform future research on sleep interventions, this study aims to understand racial differences in treatment responses to acupuncture and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) among Black and White cancer survivors. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of a comparative effectiveness trial evaluating acupuncture versus CBT-I for insomnia in cancer survivors. We compared insomnia severity, sleep characteristics, and co-morbid symptoms, as well as treatment attitudes, adherence, and responses among Black and White participants. RESULTS Among 156 cancer survivors (28% Black), Black survivors reported poorer sleep quality, longer sleep onset latency, and higher pain at baseline, compared to White survivors (all p < 0.05). Black survivors demonstrated lower adherence to CBT-I than White survivors (61.5% vs. 88.5%, p = 0.006), but their treatment response to CBT-I was similar to white survivors. Black survivors had similar adherence to acupuncture as white survivors (82.3% vs. 93.4%, p = 0.16), but they had greater reduction in insomnia severity with acupuncture (-3.0 points, 95% CI -5.4 to 0.4, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION This study identified racial differences in sleep characteristics, as well as treatment adherence and responses to CBT-I and acupuncture. To address racial disparities in sleep health, future research should focus on improving CBT-I adherence and confirming the effectiveness of acupuncture in Black cancer survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T. Liou
- Department of Medicine, Integrative Medicine ServiceMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Sheila N. Garland
- Department of Psychology and OncologyMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt. John'sNewfoundland and LabradorCanada
| | - Salimah H. Meghani
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of NursingUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | | | - Q. Susan Li
- Department of Medicine, Integrative Medicine ServiceMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Jun J. Mao
- Department of Medicine, Integrative Medicine ServiceMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nelson NG, Burke SE, Cappelli L, Matlack LE, Smith AP, Francois N, Lombardo JF, Shah YB, Wen KY, Shafi AA, Simone NL. Temporal Considerations in Brain Metastases Radiation Therapy: The Intersection of Chronobiology and Patient Profiles. Clocks Sleep 2024; 6:200-210. [PMID: 38534802 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep6010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian system, a vital temporal regulator influencing physiological processes, has implications for cancer development and treatment response. Our study assessed circadian timing's impact on whole-brain radiotherapy outcomes in brain metastases for personalized cancer therapy insights. The aim of the study was to evaluate circadian influence on radiation treatment timing and its correlation with clinical outcomes and to identify patient populations benefiting from interventions synchronizing circadian rhythms, considering subgroup differences and potential disparities. An IRB-approved retrospective analysis of 237 patients undergoing whole-brain radiotherapy for brain metastases (2017-2021), receiving over 80% of treatments in the morning or afternoon, was performed. Survival analyses utilized Kaplan-Meier curves. This was a single-institution study involving patients receiving whole-brain radiotherapy. Demographic, disease, and socioeconomic parameters from electronic medical records were collected. Morning treatment (n = 158) showed a trend toward improved overall survival vs. afternoon (n = 79); the median survival was 158 vs. 79 days (p = 0.20, HR = 0.84, CI95% 0.84-0.91). Subgroup benefits for morning treatment in females (p = 0.04) and trends in controlled primary disease (p = 0.11) and breast cancer metastases (p = 0.08) were observed. Black patients exhibited diminished circadian influence. The present study emphasized chronobiological factors' relevance in brain metastases radiation therapy. Morning treatment correlated with improved survival, particularly in specific subgroups. Potential circadian influence disparities were identified, laying a foundation for personalized cancer therapy and interventions synchronizing circadian rhythms for enhanced treatment efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas G Nelson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Sara E Burke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Louis Cappelli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Lauren E Matlack
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Alexandria P Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Noelle Francois
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Joseph F Lombardo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Yash B Shah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Kuang-Yi Wen
- Division of Population Health, Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Ayesha A Shafi
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Nicole L Simone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Janc M, Jankowska A, Jozwiak Z, Makowiec-Dabrowska T, Jurewicz J, Polanska K. Distribution of sleep components while working remotely. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2024; 37:34-44. [PMID: 38214483 PMCID: PMC10959275 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The circadian system is the main regulator of almost all human physiological processes. The aim of this study was to assess sleep in the working population, in relation to the share of remote working. MATERIAL AND METHODS An online survey was conducted among students and staff representing 3 universities in Łódź, Poland (N = 1209). The participants were divided into 3 groups according to the percentage of time they worked remotely. Group I consisted of respondents performing tasks remotely for ≤45% of their working time; group II included respondents performing their duties remotely for >45-75% of their working time, and group III included those working >75% of their time remotely. RESULTS performing their duties remotely for >45-75% of their working time, and group III included those working >75% of their time remotely. Results: In the study, the authors found the association between the length of time spent on a computer, the percentage of time working remotely, and the occurrence of physical symptoms and the prevalence of sleep disorders. The most significant difference between working days and days off in terms of the mid-point of sleep (1.5 h) was observed in group I, where there was the greatest variability in the form of work performance. The participants who worked most of their time remotely (group III) shifted their bedtime to midnight, both on working days and on days off. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights that increased remote computer use leads to a shift in sleeping patterns towards midnight. The participants with later midpoint of sleep hours were found to have a higher incidence of sleep disorders. The prevalence of sleep disorders was significantly impacted by prolonged mobile phone use before bedtime and long hours of computer use. Thus, limiting both the time spent in front of a computer and the use of mobile phones before bedtime is recommended. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2024;37(1):34-44.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Janc
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Hazards, Łódź, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jankowska
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Hazards, Łódź, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Jozwiak
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Hazards, Łódź, Poland
| | - Teresa Makowiec-Dabrowska
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Hazards, Łódź, Poland
| | - Joanna Jurewicz
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Toxicology, Łódź, Poland
| | - Kinga Polanska
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Hazards, Łódź, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sykes DJ, Solanki S, Chukkapalli S, Williams K, Newman EA, Resnicow K, Shah YM. Structural enrichment attenuates colitis-associated colon cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.13.580099. [PMID: 38405737 PMCID: PMC10888747 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.13.580099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health concern and disproportionately impacts racial/ethnic minority populations in the US. Animal models are helpful in examining human health disparities because many stress-induced human health conditions can be recapitulated using mouse models. Azoxymethane (AOM)/ dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment can be used to model colitis-associated cancers. While colitis-associated cancers account for only 2% of colon cancers, the AOM/DSS model is useful for examining links between inflammation, immunity, and colon cancer. Mice were housed in enriched and impoverished environments for 1-month prior to behavioral testing. Following behavioral testing the mice were subjected to the AOM/DSS model. While our analysis revealed no significant behavioral variances between the impoverished and enriched housing conditions, we found significant effects in tumorigenesis. Enriched mice had fewer tumors and smaller tumor volumes compared to impoverished mice. African Americans are at higher risk for early onset colorectal cancers in part due to social economic status. Furthermore, housing conditions and environment may reflect social economic status. Research aimed at understanding links between social economic status and colorectal cancer progression is important for eliminating disparities in health outcomes.
Collapse
|
6
|
Saha A, Kolonin MG, DiGiovanni J. Obesity and prostate cancer - microenvironmental roles of adipose tissue. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:579-596. [PMID: 37198266 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is known to have important roles in driving prostate cancer aggressiveness and increased mortality. Multiple mechanisms have been postulated for these clinical observations, including effects of diet and lifestyle, systemic changes in energy balance and hormonal regulation and activation of signalling by growth factors and cytokines and other components of the immune system. Over the past decade, research on obesity has shifted towards investigating the role of peri-prostatic white adipose tissue as an important source of locally produced factors that stimulate prostate cancer progression. Cells that comprise white adipose tissue, the adipocytes and their progenitor adipose stromal cells (ASCs), which proliferate to accommodate white adipose tissue expansion in obesity, have been identified as important drivers of obesity-associated cancer progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that adipocytes are a source of lipids that are used by adjacent prostate cancer cells. However, results of preclinical studies indicate that ASCs promote tumour growth by remodelling extracellular matrix and supporting neovascularization, contributing to the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through paracrine signalling. Because epithelial-mesenchymal transition is associated with cancer chemotherapy resistance and metastasis, ASCs are considered to be potential targets of therapies that could be developed to suppress cancer aggressiveness in patients with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Consens FB. Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders. Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2023; 29:1149-1166. [PMID: 37590827 DOI: 10.1212/con.0000000000001287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article provides an overview of advances in the understanding of circadian rhythms and the health implications of circadian disruption. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS Circadian medicine is a relatively new concept, with widespread overlap with many other areas of medicine. Circadian clocks rely on feedback loops that control the expression of many genes. Functional circadian oscillators exist at multiple physiologic levels and facilitate a multimodal clock mechanism. The suprachiasmatic nucleus is the central circadian pacemaker. Peripheral tissues can be entrained by other stimuli (such as food intake) and can uncouple from the suprachiasmatic nucleus pacemaker; this discovery may provide new therapeutic options for circadian rhythm disorders. Numerous modern developments have altered our circadian clocks and these changes are associated with poor health outcomes. ESSENTIAL POINTS Circadian clocks are ubiquitous throughout our body and regulate multiple body functions. Several studies have highlighted that circadian disruption can result in significant negative mental and physical health consequences. A deeper understanding of the effects of misalignment between our circadian clocks and the external environment may ultimately have therapeutic implications for our health.
Collapse
|
8
|
Carta MG, Nardi AE, Pinna S, Cossu G, Gureje O. Multidisciplinary contributions towards an evolutive interpretation of bipolar disorders: Could it be the pathological drift of a potentially adaptive condition? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2023; 45. [PMID: 37307284 PMCID: PMC10668319 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper tries to summarize the results of studies from different disciplines supporting the idea that temperamental traits, such as "reckless/hyper-exploratory" attitudes, commonly believed to be associated with psychopathology, surprisingly turn out as adaptive under specific stress conditions. In particular, this paper analyzes an ethologic line of research on primates suggesting models for a sociobiological interpretation of mood disorders in humans; a study that found high frequencies of a genetic variance associated with bipolar disorder in people without bipolar disorder but with hyperactivity/novelty-seeking traits; the outcomes of socio-anthropologicalhistorical surveys on the evolution of mood disorders in Western countries in the last centuries; surveys on changing societies in Africa and African migrants in Sardinia; and studies that found higher frequencies of mania and subthreshold mania among Sardinian immigrants in Latin American megacities. Although it is not unequivocally accepted that an increase in the prevalence of mood disorders has occurred, it would be logical to suppose that a nonadaptive condition should have disappeared over time; mood disorders, on the contrary, persist and their prevalence might have even increased. This new interpretation could lead to counter-discrimination and stigma towards people suffering from the disorder, and it would be a central point in psychosocial treatments in addition to drugs. The aim is to hypothesize that bipolar disorder, strongly characterized by these traits, may be the result of the interaction between genetic characteristics, not necessarily pathological, and specific environmental conditions, rather than a mere product of an aberrant genetic profile. If mood disorders were mere nonadaptive conditions, they would have disappeared over time, however, their prevalence, paradoxically, persists if not even increases over time. The hypothesis that bipolar disorder may result from the interaction between genetic characteristics, not necessarily pathological, and specific environmental factors, seem more credible than considering bipolar disorder as a mere product of an aberrant genetic profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro G. Carta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio E. Nardi
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Samantha Pinna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giulia Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Oye Gureje
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
He H, Yang Y, Wang L, Guo Z, Ye L, Ou-Yang W, Yang M. Combined analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing reveals the expression patterns of circadian rhythm disruption in the immune microenvironment of Alzheimer's disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182307. [PMID: 37251379 PMCID: PMC10213546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) represents a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nonetheless, how CRD functions within the AD immune microenvironment remains to be illustrated. Methods Circadian rhythm score (CRscore) was utilized to quantify the microenvironment status of circadian disruption in a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset derived from AD. Bulk transcriptome datasets from public repository were employed to validate the effectiveness and robustness of CRscore. A machine learning-based integrative model was applied for constructing a characteristic CRD signature, and RT-PCR analysis was employed to validate their expression levels. Results We depicted the heterogeneity in B cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells based on the CRscore. Furthermore, we discovered that CRD might be strongly linked to the immunological and biological features of AD, as well as the pseudotime trajectories of major immune cell subtypes. Additionally, cell-cell interactions revealed that CRD was critical in the alternation of ligand-receptor pairs. Bulk sequencing analysis indicated that the CRscore was found to be a reliable predictive biomarker in AD patients. The characteristic CRD signature, which included 9 circadian-related genes (CRGs), was an independent risk factor that accurately predicted the onset of AD. Meanwhile, abnormal expression of several characteristic CRGs, including GLRX, MEF2C, PSMA5, NR4A1, SEC61G, RGS1, and CEBPB, was detected in neurons treated with Aβ1-42 oligomer. Conclusion Our study revealed CRD-based cell subtypes in the AD microenvironment at single-cell level and proposed a robust and promising CRD signature for AD diagnosis. A deeper knowledge of these mechanisms may provide novel possibilities for incorporating "circadian rhythm-based anti-dementia therapies" into the treatment protocols of individualized medicine.
Collapse
|
10
|
Miro C, Docimo A, Barrea L, Verde L, Cernea S, Sojat AS, Marina LV, Docimo G, Colao A, Dentice M, Muscogiuri G. "Time" for obesity-related cancer: The role of the circadian rhythm in cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 91:99-109. [PMID: 36893964 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is regulated by an intrinsic time-tracking system, composed both of a central and a peripheral clock, which influences the cycles of activities and sleep of an individual over 24 h. At the molecular level, the circadian rhythm begins when two basic helix-loop-helix/Per-ARNT-SIM (bHLH-PAS) proteins, BMAL-1 and CLOCK, interact with each other to produce BMAL-1/CLOCK heterodimers in the cytoplasm. The BMAL-1/CLOCK target genes encode for the repressor components of the clock, cryptochrome (Cry1 and Cry2) and the Period proteins (Per1, Per2 and Per3). It has been recently demonstrated that the disruption of circadian rhythm is associated with an increased risk of developing obesity and obesity-related diseases. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the disruption of the circadian rhythm plays a key role in tumorigenesis. Further, an association between the circadian rhythm disruptions and an increased incidence and progression of several types of cancer (e.g., breast, prostate, colorectal and thyroid cancer) has been found. As the perturbation of circadian rhythm has adverse metabolic consequences (e.g., obesity) and at the same time tumor promoter functions, this manuscript has the aim to report how the aberrant circadian rhythms affect the development and prognosis of different types of obesity-related cancers (breast, prostate, colon rectal and thyroid cancer) focusing on both human studies and on molecular aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Docimo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Department of Public Health, University of Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Cernea
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures/Internal Medicine I, Târgu Mureş, Romania; Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Unit, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Antoan Stefan Sojat
- National Centre for Infertility and Endocrinology of Gender, Clinic for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana V Marina
- National Centre for Infertility and Endocrinology of Gender, Clinic for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Serbia
| | - Giovanni Docimo
- Department of Medical and Advanced Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy; UNESCO Chair "Education for Health and Sustainable Development", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy; UNESCO Chair "Education for Health and Sustainable Development", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bracci M, Zingaretti L, Martelli M, Lazzarini R, Salvio G, Amati M, Milinkovic M, Ulissi A, Medori AR, Vitale E, Ledda C, Santarelli L. Alterations in Pregnenolone and Testosterone Levels in Male Shift Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3195. [PMID: 36833889 PMCID: PMC9964973 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormone levels are closely related to the endogenous circadian rhythm induced by sleep-wake and dark-light cycles. Shift work that disrupts the circadian rhythm may influence the levels of steroid hormones. The association between shift work and alterations in female sex steroid hormone levels has been studied, but little is known about testosterone and its precursor pregnenolone levels in male shift workers. The present study investigated serum pregnenolone and testosterone levels in a group of shift and daytime male workers. All participants were sampled at the beginning of the morning shift. Lower levels of serum pregnenolone and total testosterone were found in the shift workers compared to the daytime workers. Variations in pregnenolone levels may have consequences for well-being, and they might produce consequences for the levels of hormones downstream of the steroid hormone cascade, such as testosterone. The low levels of testosterone found in shift workers demonstrate the perturbative effect of shift work on testosterone serum levels, which may be independent and/or related to pregnenolone synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bracci
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Zingaretti
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Management Staff Department, Marche University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Margherita Martelli
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lazzarini
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Salvio
- Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Amati
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marijana Milinkovic
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Marche University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alfio Ulissi
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Management Staff Department, Marche University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Medori
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Management Staff Department, Marche University Hospital, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ermanno Vitale
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Occupational Health, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Anderson G. Depression Pathophysiology: Astrocyte Mitochondrial Melatonergic Pathway as Crucial Hub. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010350. [PMID: 36613794 PMCID: PMC9820523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is widely accepted as having a heterogenous pathophysiology involving a complex mixture of systemic and CNS processes. A developmental etiology coupled to genetic and epigenetic risk factors as well as lifestyle and social process influences add further to the complexity. Consequently, antidepressant treatment is generally regarded as open to improvement, undoubtedly as a consequence of inappropriately targeted pathophysiological processes. This article reviews the diverse array of pathophysiological processes linked to MDD, and integrates these within a perspective that emphasizes alterations in mitochondrial function, both centrally and systemically. It is proposed that the long-standing association of MDD with suppressed serotonin availability is reflective of the role of serotonin as a precursor for the mitochondrial melatonergic pathway. Astrocytes, and the astrocyte mitochondrial melatonergic pathway, are highlighted as crucial hubs in the integration of the wide array of biological underpinnings of MDD, including gut dysbiosis and permeability, as well as developmental and social stressors, which can act to suppress the capacity of mitochondria to upregulate the melatonergic pathway, with consequences for oxidant-induced changes in patterned microRNAs and subsequent patterned gene responses. This is placed within a development context, including how social processes, such as discrimination, can physiologically regulate a susceptibility to MDD. Future research directions and treatment implications are derived from this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London SW1V 1PX, UK
| |
Collapse
|