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Zuo WF, Pang Q, Zhu X, Yang QQ, Zhao Q, He G, Han B, Huang W. Heat shock proteins as hallmarks of cancer: insights from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:81. [PMID: 39232809 PMCID: PMC11375894 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins are essential molecular chaperones that play crucial roles in stabilizing protein structures, facilitating the repair or degradation of damaged proteins, and maintaining proteostasis and cellular functions. Extensive research has demonstrated that heat shock proteins are highly expressed in cancers and closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression. The "Hallmarks of Cancer" are the core features of cancer biology that collectively define a series of functional characteristics acquired by cells as they transition from a normal state to a state of tumor growth, including sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, enabled replicative immortality, the induction of angiogenesis, and the activation of invasion and metastasis. The pivotal roles of heat shock proteins in modulating the hallmarks of cancer through the activation or inhibition of various signaling pathways has been well documented. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the roles of heat shock proteins in vital biological processes from the perspective of the hallmarks of cancer and summarizes the small-molecule inhibitors that target heat shock proteins to regulate various cancer hallmarks. Moreover, we further discuss combination therapy strategies involving heat shock proteins and promising dual-target inhibitors to highlight the potential of targeting heat shock proteins for cancer treatment. In summary, this review highlights how targeting heat shock proteins could regulate the hallmarks of cancer, which will provide valuable information to better elucidate and understand the roles of heat shock proteins in oncology and the mechanisms of cancer occurrence and development and aid in the development of more efficacious and less toxic novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Fang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qiwen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qian-Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Molecular and epigenetic mechanisms governing ocular surface squamous neoplasia: opportunities for diagnostics. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38131180 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2298681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is the most common ocular malignancy; the pathophysiology is influenced by molecular, genetic, and epigenetic mechanisms. The incidence of OSSN is associated with the anatomy and physiology of the ocular surface, limbal stem cell configuration, limbal vulnerability, cancer stem cells, dysplasia, neoplasia, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. The key etiological factors involved are human papillomavirus (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), immunosuppression, p53 tumor suppressor gene, hypovitaminosis A, and failure of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair mechanisms. AREAS COVERED This special report is a focussed attempt to understand the molecular mechanism, genetic and epigenetic mechanism, and diagnostic modalities for OSSN. EXPERT OPINION While these mechanisms contribute to genome instability, promoter-specific hypermethylation might facilitate and promote tumor formation by silencing tumor suppressor genes. OSSN understanding has improved with increased literature available on various genetic, molecular, and epigenetic mechanisms, although the exact genetic and epigenetic mechanisms still need to be elucidated. It is important to note that the molecular mechanisms of OSSN can vary among individuals, and further research is required to elucidate the underlying processes fully. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of targeted therapies and improved management of OSSN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, Refractive Services, Trauma, External Diseases, Contact Lens and Ocular Surface, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Chitrakoot, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Children Eye Care Centre, Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Chitrakoot, India
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Antitumor Activities of Aqueous Cinnamon Extract on 5637 Cell Line of Bladder Cancer through Glycolytic Pathway. Int J Inflam 2022; 2022:3855368. [PMID: 35990198 PMCID: PMC9388315 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3855368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pharmacotherapy with medicinal plants is a promising approach to treat cancer. Cinnamon is a medicinal plant whose properties have been proven in various fields of medical sciences. Among its biological activities, its antioxidant and antiviral effects can be mentioned. In this study, the antitumor effects of Cinnamon with a focus on glucose metabolism in bladder cancer carcinoma cell-line 5637 were investigated. Methods Aqueous extract of Cinnamon was prepared from Cinnamon bark. Bladder cancer 5637cell line were treated with different concentrations of aqueous extract of Cinnamon. MTT was used to evaluate cell viability at 24, 48, and 72 h. The concentration of 1.25, 2.50, and 5 mg/ml was used. Apoptosis was assessed with Hochest33258 staining. For evaluating of aqueous extract of Cinnamon effect on glycolysis, the gene expression of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2), heat shock protein transcription factor1 (HSF1), and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), as well as protein levels of HSF1 and LDHA, LDH activity, glucose consumption, and lactate production, were measured. Results Aqueous extract of Cinnamon significantly decreased ErbB2, HSF1, and LDHA gene expression and also decreased the protein level of HSF1 and LDHA, LDH activity, glucose consumption, and lactate production dose-dependently (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our finding showed that the aqueous extract of Cinnamon can inhibit proliferation in 5637 cells by inhibition of glycolysis and induction of apoptosis.
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Vydra N, Janus P, Kuś P, Stokowy T, Mrowiec K, Toma-Jonik A, Krzywon A, Cortez AJ, Wojtaś B, Gielniewski B, Jaksik R, Kimmel M, Widlak W. Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) cooperates with estrogen receptor α (ERα) in the regulation of estrogen action in breast cancer cells. eLife 2021; 10:69843. [PMID: 34783649 PMCID: PMC8709578 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a key regulator of transcriptional responses to proteotoxic stress, was linked to estrogen (E2) signaling through estrogen receptor α (ERα). We found that an HSF1 deficiency may decrease ERα level, attenuate the mitogenic action of E2, counteract E2-stimulated cell scattering, and reduce adhesion to collagens and cell motility in ER-positive breast cancer cells. The stimulatory effect of E2 on the transcriptome is largely weaker in HSF1-deficient cells, in part due to the higher basal expression of E2-dependent genes, which correlates with the enhanced binding of unliganded ERα to chromatin in such cells. HSF1 and ERα can cooperate directly in E2-stimulated regulation of transcription, and HSF1 potentiates the action of ERα through a mechanism involving chromatin reorganization. Furthermore, HSF1 deficiency may increase the sensitivity to hormonal therapy (4-hydroxytamoxifen) or CDK4/6 inhibitors (palbociclib). Analyses of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database indicate that HSF1 increases the transcriptome disparity in ER-positive breast cancer and can enhance the genomic action of ERα. Moreover, only in ER-positive cancers an elevated HSF1 level is associated with metastatic disease. About 70% of breast cancers rely on supplies of a hormone called estrogen – which is the main hormone responsible for female physical characteristics – to grow. Breast cancer cells that are sensitive to estrogen possess proteins known as estrogen receptors and are classified as estrogen-receptor positive. When estrogen interacts with its receptor in a cancer cell, it stimulates the cell to grow and migrate to other parts of the body. Therefore, therapies that decrease the amount of estrogen the body produces, or inhibit the receptor itself, are widely used to treat patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers. When estrogen interacts with an estrogen receptor known as ERα it can also activate a protein called HSF1, which helps cells to survive under stress. In turn, HSF1 regulates several other proteins that are necessary for ERα and other estrogen receptors to work properly. Previous studies have suggested that high levels of HSF1 may worsen the outcomes for patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers, but it remains unclear how HSF1 acts in breast cancer cells. Vydra, Janus, Kuś et al. used genetics and bioinformatics approaches to study HSF1 in human breast cancer cells. The experiments revealed that breast cancer cells with lower levels of HSF1 also had lower levels of ERα and responded less well to estrogen than cells with higher levels of HSF1. Further experiments suggested that in the absence of estrogen, HSF1 helps to keep ERα inactive. However, when estrogen is present, HSF1 cooperates with ERα and enhances its activity to help cells grow and migrate. Vydra, Janus, Kuś et al. also found that cells with higher levels of HSF1 were less sensitive to two drug therapies that are commonly used to treat estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers. These findings reveal that the effect HSF1 has on ERα activity depends on the presence of estrogen. Therefore, cancer therapies that decrease the amount of estrogen a patient produces may have a different effect on estrogen receptor-positive tumors with high HSF1 levels than tumors with low HSF1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vydra
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Patryk Janus
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Paweł Kuś
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stokowy
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Katarzyna Mrowiec
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Toma-Jonik
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Krzywon
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Alexander Jorge Cortez
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Bartosz Wojtaś
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Gielniewski
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roman Jaksik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marek Kimmel
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, United States
| | - Wieslawa Widlak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
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Yoo K, Yun HH, Jung SY, Lee JH. KRIBB11 Induces Apoptosis in A172 Glioblastoma Cells via MULE-Dependent Degradation of MCL-1. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144165. [PMID: 34299435 PMCID: PMC8305965 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
KRIBB11, an HSF1 inhibitor, was shown to sensitize various types of cancer cells to treatment with several anticancer drugs. However, the exclusive effects of KRIBB11 in preventing the growth of glioblastoma cells and the related mechanisms have not been elucidated yet. Herein, we aimed to examine the potential of KRIBB11 as an anticancer agent for glioblastoma. Using MTT and colony formation assays and Western blotting for c-PARP, we demonstrated that KRIBB11 substantially inhibits the growth of A172 glioma cells by inducing apoptosis. At the molecular level, KRIBB11 decreased anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1 levels, which was attributable to the increase in MULE ubiquitin ligase levels. However, the constitutive activity of HSF1 in A172 cells was not influenced by the exclusive treatment with KRIBB11. Additionally, based on cycloheximide chase assay, we found that KRIBB11 markedly retarded the degradation of MULE. In conclusion, stabilization of MULE upon KRIBB11 treatment is apparently an essential step for degradation of MCL-1 and the subsequent induction of apoptosis in A172 cells. Our results have expanded the knowledge on molecular pathways controlled by KRIBB11 and could be potentially effective for developing an inhibitory therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghyun Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16591, Korea; (K.Y.); (H.-H.Y.); (S.-Y.J.)
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16591, Korea
| | - Hye-Hyeon Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16591, Korea; (K.Y.); (H.-H.Y.); (S.-Y.J.)
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16591, Korea
| | - Soon-Young Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16591, Korea; (K.Y.); (H.-H.Y.); (S.-Y.J.)
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16591, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16591, Korea; (K.Y.); (H.-H.Y.); (S.-Y.J.)
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16591, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2258-7293
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Sojka DR, Hasterok S, Vydra N, Toma-Jonik A, Wieczorek A, Gogler-Pigłowska A, Scieglinska D. Inhibition of the Heat Shock Protein A (HSPA) Family Potentiates the Anticancer Effects of Manumycin A. Cells 2021; 10:1418. [PMID: 34200371 PMCID: PMC8229576 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Manumycin A (MA) is a well-tolerated natural antibiotic showing pleiotropic anticancer effects in various preclinical in vitro and in vivo models. Anticancer drugs may themselves act as stressors to induce the cellular adaptive mechanism that can minimize their cytotoxicity. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) as cytoprotective factors can counteract the deleterious effects of various stressful stimuli. In this study, we examined whether the anticancer effects of MA can be counteracted by the mechanism related to HSPs belonging to the HSPA (HSP70) family. We found that MA caused cell type-specific alterations in the levels of HSPAs. These changes included concomitant upregulation of the stress-inducible (HSPA1 and HSPA6) and downregulation of the non-stress-inducible (HSPA2) paralogs. However, neither HSPA1 nor HSPA2 were necessary to provide protection against MA in lung cancer cells. Conversely, the simultaneous repression of several HSPA paralogs using pan-HSPA inhibitors (VER-155008 or JG-98) sensitized cancer cells to MA. We also observed that genetic ablation of the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) transcription factor, a main transactivator of HSPAs expression, sensitized MCF7 cells to MA treatment. Our study reveals that inhibition of HSF1-mediated heat shock response (HSR) can improve the anticancer effect of MA. These observations suggest that targeting the HSR- or HSPA-mediated adaptive mechanisms may be a promising strategy for further preclinical developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Robert Sojka
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (D.R.S.); (S.H.); (N.V.); (A.T.-J.); (A.G.-P.)
| | - Sylwia Hasterok
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (D.R.S.); (S.H.); (N.V.); (A.T.-J.); (A.G.-P.)
| | - Natalia Vydra
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (D.R.S.); (S.H.); (N.V.); (A.T.-J.); (A.G.-P.)
| | - Agnieszka Toma-Jonik
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (D.R.S.); (S.H.); (N.V.); (A.T.-J.); (A.G.-P.)
| | - Anna Wieczorek
- Division of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Gogler-Pigłowska
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (D.R.S.); (S.H.); (N.V.); (A.T.-J.); (A.G.-P.)
| | - Dorota Scieglinska
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (D.R.S.); (S.H.); (N.V.); (A.T.-J.); (A.G.-P.)
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Shan Q, Ma F, Wei J, Li H, Ma H, Sun P. Physiological Functions of Heat Shock Proteins. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:751-760. [PMID: 31713482 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666191111113726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones involved in a variety of life activities. HSPs function in the refolding of misfolded proteins, thereby contributing to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Heat shock factor (HSF) is activated in response to environmental stresses and binds to heat shock elements (HSEs), promoting HSP translation and thus the production of high levels of HSPs to prevent damage to the organism. Here, we summarize the role of molecular chaperones as anti-heat stress molecules and their involvement in immune responses and the modulation of apoptosis. In addition, we review the potential application of HSPs to cancer therapy, general medicine, and the treatment of heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fengtao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingya Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Beijing, 100193, China
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Lallier M, Marchandet L, Moukengue B, Charrier C, Baud’huin M, Verrecchia F, Ory B, Lamoureux F. Molecular Chaperones in Osteosarcoma: Diagnosis and Therapeutic Issues. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040754. [PMID: 33808130 PMCID: PMC8067202 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common form of primary bone tumor affecting mainly children and young adults. Despite therapeutic progress, the 5-year survival rate is 70%, but it drops drastically to 30% for poor responders to therapies or for patients with metastases. Identifying new therapeutic targets is thus essential. Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) are the main effectors of Heat Shock Response (HSR), the expression of which is induced by stressors. HSPs are a large family of proteins involved in the folding and maturation of other proteins in order to maintain proteostasis. HSP overexpression is observed in many cancers, including breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, and ovarian, as well as OS. In this article we reviewed the significant role played by HSPs in molecular mechanisms leading to OS development and progression. HSPs are directly involved in OS cell proliferation, apoptosis inhibition, migration, and drug resistance. We focused on HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 and summarized their potential clinical uses in OS as either biomarkers for diagnosis or therapeutic targets. Finally, based on different types of cancer, we consider the advantage of targeting heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), the major transcriptional regulator of HSPs in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Lallier
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Louise Marchandet
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Brice Moukengue
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Celine Charrier
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Marc Baud’huin
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
- CHU Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - Benjamin Ory
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
| | - François Lamoureux
- UMR1238, Phy-OS, Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; (M.L.); (L.M.); (B.M.); (C.C.); (M.B.); (F.V.); (B.O.)
- Correspondence:
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Proteotoxic Stress and Cell Death in Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092385. [PMID: 32842524 PMCID: PMC7563887 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To maintain proteostasis, cells must integrate information and activities that supervise protein synthesis, protein folding, conformational stability, and also protein degradation. Extrinsic and intrinsic conditions can both impact normal proteostasis, causing the appearance of proteotoxic stress. Initially, proteotoxic stress elicits adaptive responses aimed at restoring proteostasis, allowing cells to survive the stress condition. However, if the proteostasis restoration fails, a permanent and sustained proteotoxic stress can be deleterious, and cell death ensues. Many cancer cells convive with high levels of proteotoxic stress, and this condition could be exploited from a therapeutic perspective. Understanding the cell death pathways engaged by proteotoxic stress is instrumental to better hijack the proliferative fate of cancer cells.
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Small Molecule Inhibitors of HSF1-Activated Pathways as Potential Next-Generation Anticancer Therapeutics. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112757. [PMID: 30356024 PMCID: PMC6278446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy is an emerging paradigm in the development of next-generation anticancer drugs. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) has been identified as a promising drug target because it regulates several pathways responsible for cancer cell growth, metastasis, and survival. Studies have clearly demonstrated that HSF1 is an effective drug target. Herein, we provide a concise yet comprehensive and integrated overview of progress in developing small molecule inhibitors of HSF1 as next-generation anticancer chemotherapeutics while critically evaluating their potential and challenges. We believe that this review will provide a better understanding of important concepts helpful for outlining the strategy to develop new chemotherapeutic agents with promising anticancer activities by targeting HSF1.
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Rashmi KC, Atreya HS, Harsha Raj M, Salimath BP, Aparna HS. A pyrrole-based natural small molecule mitigates HSP90 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells and inhibits tumor angiogenesis in mice by inactivating HSF-1. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:751-766. [PMID: 28717943 PMCID: PMC5573693 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), molecular chaperones, are crucial for the cancer cells to facilitate proper functioning of various oncoproteins involved in cell survival, proliferation, migration, and tumor angiogenesis. Tumor cells are said to be "addicted" to HSPs. HSPs are overexpressed in many cancers due to upregulation of transcription factor Heat-shock factor 1 (HSF-1), the multifaceted master regulator of heat shock response. Therefore, pharmacological targeting of HSPs via HSF-1 is an effective strategy to treat malignant cancers like triple negative breast cancer. In the current study, we evaluated the efficacy of a pyrrole derivative [bis(2-ethylhexyl)1H-pyrrole-3,4-dicarboxylate], TCCP, purified from leaves of Tinospora cordifolia for its ability to suppress heat shock response and angiogenesis using MDA-MB-231 cells and the murine mammary carcinoma: Ehrlich ascites tumor model. HSP90 was downregulated by TCCP by inactivation of HSF-1 resulting in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, VEGF-induced cell migration, and concomitant decrease in tumor burden and neo-angiogenesis in vivo. The mechanism of suppression of HSPs involves inactivation of PI3K/Akt and phosphorylation on serine 307 of HSF-1 by the activation of ERK1. HSF-1 and HSP90 and 70 localization and expression were ascertained by immunolocalization, immunoblotting, and qPCR experiments. The anti-angiogenic effect of TCCP was studied in vivo in tumor-bearing mice and ex vivo using rat corneal micro-pocket assay. All the results thus corroborate the logic behind inactivating HSF-1 using TCCP as an alternative approach for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Rashmi
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - H S Atreya
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012, India
| | - M Harsha Raj
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - Bharathi P Salimath
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - H S Aparna
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
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12
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Bach M, Lehmann A, Brünnert D, Vanselow JT, Hartung A, Bargou RC, Holzgrabe U, Schlosser A, Chatterjee M. Ugi Reaction-Derived α-Acyl Aminocarboxamides Bind to Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Related Kinases, Inhibit HSF1-Dependent Heat Shock Response, and Induce Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Cells. J Med Chem 2017; 60:4147-4160. [PMID: 28453931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) has been identified as a therapeutic target for pharmacological treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). However, direct therapeutic targeting of HSF1 function seems to be difficult due to the shortage of clinically suitable pharmacological inhibitors. We utilized the Ugi multicomponent reaction to create a small but smart library of α-acyl aminocarboxamides and evaluated their ability to suppress heat shock response (HSR) in MM cells. Using the INA-6 cell line as the MM model and the strictly HSF1-dependent HSP72 induction as a HSR model, we identified potential HSF1 inhibitors. Mass spectrometry-based affinity capture experiments with biotin-linked derivatives revealed a number of target proteins and complexes, which exhibit an armadillo domain. Also, four members of the tumor-promoting and HSF1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family were identified. The antitumor activity was evaluated, showing that treatment with the anti-HSF1 compounds strongly induced apoptotic cell death in MM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Bach
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg , Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Lehmann
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Brünnert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Translational Oncology, University Hospital of Würzburg , Versbacher Straße 5, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens T Vanselow
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg , Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hartung
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ralf C Bargou
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg , Versbacher Straße 5, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg , Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Manik Chatterjee
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Translational Oncology, University Hospital of Würzburg , Versbacher Straße 5, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
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13
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Voutsadakis IA. Proteasome expression and activity in cancer and cancer stem cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:101042831769224. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317692248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasome is a multi-protein organelle that participates in cellular proteostasis by destroying damaged or short-lived proteins in an organized manner guided by the ubiquitination signal. By being in a central place in the cellular protein complement homeostasis, proteasome is involved in virtually all cell processes including decisions on cell survival or death, cell cycle, and differentiation. These processes are important also in cancer, and thus, the proteasome is an important regulator of carcinogenesis. Cancers include a variety of cells which, according to the cancer stem cell theory, descend from a small percentage of cancer stem cells, alternatively termed tumor-initiating cells. These cells constitute the subsets that have the ability to propagate the whole variety of cancer and repopulate tumors after cytostatic therapies. Proteasome plays a role in cellular processes in cancer stem cells, but it has been found to have a decreased function in them compared to the rest of cancer cells. This article will discuss the transcriptional regulation of proteasome sub-unit proteins in cancer and in particular cancer stem cells and the relationship of the proteasome with the pluripotency that is the defining characteristic of stem cells. Therapeutic opportunities that present from the understanding of the proteasome role will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Voutsadakis
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sault Area Hospital, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada
- Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada
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14
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Harada M, Benito J, Yamamoto S, Kaur S, Arslan D, Ramirez S, Jacamo R, Platanias L, Matsushita H, Fujimura T, Kazuno S, Kojima K, Tabe Y, Konopleva M. The novel combination of dual mTOR inhibitor AZD2014 and pan-PIM inhibitor AZD1208 inhibits growth in acute myeloid leukemia via HSF pathway suppression. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37930-47. [PMID: 26473447 PMCID: PMC4741975 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is a critical pathway in the biology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Proviral integration site for moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) serine/threonine kinase signaling takes part in various pathways exerting tumorigenic properties. We hypothesized that the combination of a PIM kinase inhibitor with an mTOR inhibitor might have complementary growth-inhibitory effects against AML. The simultaneous inhibition of the PIM kinase by pan-PIM inhibitor AZD1208 and of mTOR by selective mTORC1/2 dual inhibitor AZD2014 exerted anticancer properties in AML cell lines and in cells derived from primary AML samples with or without supportive stromal cell co-culture, leading to suppressed proliferation and increased apoptosis. The combination of AZD1208 and AZD2014 rapidly activated AMPKα, a negative regulator of translation machinery through mTORC1/2 signaling in AML cells; profoundly inhibited AKT and 4EBP1 activation; and suppressed polysome formation. Inhibition of both mTOR and PIM counteracted induction of heat-shock family proteins, uncovering the master negative regulation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), the dominant transcription factor controlling cellular stress responses. The novel combination of the dual mTOR inhibitor and pan-PIM inhibitor synergistically inhibited AML growth by effectively reducing protein synthesis through heat shock factor pathway suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Harada
- Research Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juliana Benito
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shinichi Yamamoto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Surinder Kaur
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dirim Arslan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Santiago Ramirez
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rodrigo Jacamo
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Leonidas Platanias
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hiromichi Matsushita
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujimura
- BioMedical Research Center, Juntendo University of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Saiko Kazuno
- BioMedical Research Center, Juntendo University of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kojima
- Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoko Tabe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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15
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Selective killing of cancer cells by small molecules targeting heat shock stress response. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1509-14. [PMID: 27553278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
HSF1 heat shock response has emerged as a valuable non-oncogenetic intervention point in targeted cancer therapy. Current reporter based high throughput screening has led to the discovery of several compounds or chemotypes that are effective in the growth inhibition of multiple cancer cell lines and relevant animal tumor models. However, some intrinsic limitations of reporter based assays can potentially lead to biased results. Using a previously validated high content image based assay, we performed a phenotypic screen targeting HSF1 heat shock pathway with a chemically diversified library of over 100,000 compounds. Several novel functional inhibitors of HSF1 pathway were identified with different chemotypes. Western blot analysis confirmed that selective compounds inhibit phosphorylation of HSF1, followed by reduced expression of HSP proteins. Moreover, HeLa cells stably transfected with HSF1 shRNA were more resistant to the compound treatment under lethal temperature than cells containing HSF1, validating HSF1 dependent mechanism of action. These compounds demonstrate nanomolar potency toward multiple cancer cell lines with relatively low cytotoxicity to normal cells. Further SAR and target identification study will pave the way for the potential development of next generation anticancer drugs.
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16
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Wang X, Han J, Hardie DB, Yang J, Borchers CH. The use of matrix coating assisted by an electric field (MCAEF) to enhance mass spectrometric imaging of human prostate cancer biomarkers. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2016; 51:86-95. [PMID: 26757076 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we combined a newly developed matrix coating technique - matrix coating assisted by an electric field (MCAEF) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) to enhance the imaging of peptides and proteins in tissue specimens of human prostate cancer. MCAEF increased the signal-to-noise ratios of the detected proteins by a factor of 2 to 5, and 232 signals were detected within the m/z 3500-37500 mass range on a time-of-flight mass spectrometer and with the sinapinic acid MALDI matrix. Among these species, three proteins (S100-A9, S100-A10, and S100-A12) were only observed in the cancerous cell region and 14 proteins, including a fragment of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase kinase 2, a fragment of cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 19, 3 apolipoproteins (C-I, A-I, and A-II), 2 S100 proteins (A6 and A8), β-microseminoprotein, tumor protein D52, α-1-acid glycoprotein 1, heat shock protein β-1, prostate-specific antigen, and 2 unidentified large peptides at m/z 5002.2 and 6704.2, showed significantly differential distributions at the p < 0.05 (t-test) level between the cancerous and the noncancerous regions of the tissue. Among these 17 species, the distributions of apolipoprotein C-I, S100-A6, and S100-A8 were verified by immunohistological staining. In summary, this study resulted in the imaging of the largest group of proteins in prostate cancer tissues by MALDI-MS reported thus far, and is the first to show a correlation between S100 proteins and prostate cancer in a MS imaging study. The successful imaging of the three proteins only found in the cancerous tissues, as well as those showing differential expressions demonstrated the potential of MCAEF-MALDI/MS for the in situ detection of potential cancer biomarkers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, #3101-4464 Markham St., Vancouver Island Technology Park, Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Jun Han
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, #3101-4464 Markham St., Vancouver Island Technology Park, Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Darryl B Hardie
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, #3101-4464 Markham St., Vancouver Island Technology Park, Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Juncong Yang
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, #3101-4464 Markham St., Vancouver Island Technology Park, Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, #3101-4464 Markham St., Vancouver Island Technology Park, Victoria, BC, V8Z 7X8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Petch Building Room 207, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
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17
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Sugar-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for the poorly soluble drug celastrol enables targeted induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 96:11-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Granato M, Chiozzi B, Filardi MR, Lotti LV, Di Renzo L, Faggioni A, Cirone M. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG490 triggers both apoptosis and autophagy by reducing HSF1 and Mcl-1 in PEL cells. Cancer Lett 2015; 366:191-7. [PMID: 26184999 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PEL cells relay on the constitutive activation of STAT3 for their survival, thus its inhibition by AG490 leads to apoptotic cell death. In this study, we found that the cytotoxic activity of AG490 correlated with the reduction of HSP70 and its master regulator HSF1 that, based on knocking-down experiments, was found to play a pro-survival role in PEL cells. To counteract the pro-death effect mediated by HSF1/HSP70 down-regulation, AG490 induced a complete autophagy, whose inhibition potentiated its cytotoxic effect against PEL cells. AG490 as well as HSF1 siRNA reduced the expression of Mcl-1, a Bcl-2 family member that negatively regulates apoptosis and autophagy. These results suggest that STAT3 inhibition, by down-regulating the expression of HSF1/HSP70, reduces Mcl-1 and leads to both apoptosis and autophagy induction in PEL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Granato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Chiozzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Filardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia Vittoria Lotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Di Renzo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Faggioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Mara Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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19
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Environmental stress induces trinucleotide repeat mutagenesis in human cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:3764-9. [PMID: 25775519 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1421917112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic mutability of microsatellite repeats is implicated in the modification of gene function and disease phenotype. Studies of the enhanced instability of long trinucleotide repeats (TNRs)-the cause of multiple human diseases-have revealed a remarkable complexity of mutagenic mechanisms. Here, we show that cold, heat, hypoxic, and oxidative stresses induce mutagenesis of a long CAG repeat tract in human cells. We show that stress-response factors mediate the stress-induced mutagenesis (SIM) of CAG repeats. We show further that SIM of CAG repeats does not involve mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair, or transcription, processes that are known to promote TNR mutagenesis in other pathways of instability. Instead, we find that these stresses stimulate DNA rereplication, increasing the proportion of cells with >4 C-value (C) DNA content. Knockdown of the replication origin-licensing factor CDT1 eliminates both stress-induced rereplication and CAG repeat mutagenesis. In addition, direct induction of rereplication in the absence of stress also increases the proportion of cells with >4C DNA content and promotes repeat mutagenesis. Thus, environmental stress triggers a unique pathway for TNR mutagenesis that likely is mediated by DNA rereplication. This pathway may impact normal cells as they encounter stresses in their environment or during development or abnormal cells as they evolve metastatic potential.
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20
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Ad’hiah AH, Al-Ameri LMH, Maki AM, Wang Q, ALQaisi MH. Modulating Heat Shock Proteins 70 and 90 Expression by Low Power Laser Irradiation (635nm and 780nm) in Jurkat E6.1 T-lymphocyte Leukemia Cell Line. J Lasers Med Sci 2015; 6:17-21. [PMID: 25699163 PMCID: PMC4329137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones involved in protein folding, stability and turnover, and due to their role in cancer progression, the effect of low power laser irradiation (LPLI) on the expression of HSP70 and HSP90 in Jurkat E6.1 T-lymphocyte leukemia (JELT) cell line was investigated in vitro. METHODS JETL cells were irradiated with LPLI at 635nm and 780m wavelengths (energy density 9.174 J/cm(2)), and assessed for the expression of HSP70 and HSP90 by flow cytometry after 24, 48 and 72 incubation time periods (ITPs). RESULTS At 24 hours ITP post-irradiation, control cultures showed that 10.7% of cells expressed HSP70, while LPLI cultures at 635nm and 780nm manifested a higher expression (32.1and 21.3%, respectively), and the difference was significant (P ≤ 0.05). However, at 48 hours ITP, the three means were decreased but approximated (5.6, 4.9 and 6.2%, respectively), while at 72 hours ITP, they were markedly increased (45.2, 76.5 and 66.7%, respectively). In contrast, HSP90 responded differently to LPLI. At 24 hours ITP, control cultures and 780nm cultures showed a similar expression (55.9 and 55.9%, respectively), but both means were significantly higher than that of 635nm cultures (24.0%). No such difference was observed at 48 hours ITP, and at 72 hours ITP, control cultures and 635nm cultures shared approximated means (31.7 and 35.6%, respectively); but both means were significantly higher than the observed mean in 780nm cultures (15.2%). CONCLUSION The results highlighted that HSP70 and HSP90 expression responded differently to LPLI in JETL cells; an observation that may pave the way for further investigations in malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hussein Ad’hiah
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Jadirya, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Amel Mustfa Maki
- Institute of Laser for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Sarkars R, Mukherjee S, Roy M. Targeting heat shock proteins by phenethyl isothiocyanate results in cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Nutr Cancer 2013; 65:480-93. [PMID: 23530648 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.767366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are chaperones for several client proteins involved in transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, and cell cycle control. HSPs (27, 70, and 90) are abundantly expressed in a wide range of cancers and are transcriptionally regulated by heat shock factor (HSF1). Most of the synthetic HSP inhibitors exhibit toxicity, therefore, searching for inhibitors with limited or no toxicity will be of help. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of natural isothiocyanate (phenethyl isothiocyanate; PEITC) on different HSPs (27, 70, and 90) and HSF1 in 2 breast cancer cell lines, namely breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (with wild type p53) and highly metastatic breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 (with mutated p53). PEITC significantly inhibited the expression of HSPs (particularly HSP 90) and HSF1. Molecular consequences due to HSP inhibition were downregulation of cell-cycle regulatory proteins like Cyclin B1, CDK1, Cdc25C, PLK-1, and upregulation of p21 irrespective of p53 status. These modulations were accompanied by cell-cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis by activation of caspases 3 and 9. PEITC therefore may be regarded as a potent HSP inhibitor and an antitumor agent in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Sarkars
- Department of Environmental Carcinogenesis & Toxicology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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22
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Heimberger T, Andrulis M, Riedel S, Stühmer T, Schraud H, Beilhack A, Bumm T, Bogen B, Einsele H, Bargou RC, Chatterjee M. The heat shock transcription factor 1 as a potential new therapeutic target in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2012; 160:465-76. [PMID: 23252346 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) has recently been reported to promote malignant transformation and growth. Here we provide experimental evidence for a role of HSF1 in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that HSF1 was overexpressed in half of the investigated MM samples, including virtually all cases with extramedullary manifestations or anaplastic morphology. HSF1 function was inhibited either by siRNA-mediated knockdown or pharmacologically through treatment with triptolide. Both approaches caused depletion of HSF1, lowered the constitutively high expression of a multitude of protective HSPs (such as HSP90, HSP70, HSP40 and HSP27), induced apoptosis in human MM cells in vitro, and strongly reduced MM tumour growth in vivo. Furthermore, we observed that treatment-induced upregulation of HSPs after proteasome or HSP90 inhibition was critically dependent on HSF1. Importantly, the apoptotic effects of the HSP90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 or the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib were strongly enhanced in combination with triptolide, suggesting a salvage role of HSF1-dependent HSP induction in response to drug treatment. Collectively, our data indicate that inhibition of HSF1 affects multiple protective HSPs and might therefore represent a therapeutic strategy - in particular in combination with proteasome or HSP90 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Heimberger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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23
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Sarkar R, Mukherjee S, Biswas J, Roy M. Sulphoraphane, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells by targeting heat shock proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 427:80-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Sillé FCM, Thomas R, Smith MT, Conde L, Skibola CF. Post-GWAS functional characterization of susceptibility variants for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29632. [PMID: 22235315 PMCID: PMC3250464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several gene variants associated with sporadic chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). Many of these CLL/SLL susceptibility loci are located in non-coding or intergenic regions, posing a significant challenge to determine their potential functional relevance. Here, we review the literature of all CLL/SLL GWAS and validation studies, and apply eQTL analysis to identify putatively functional SNPs that affect gene expression that may be causal in the pathogenesis of CLL/SLL. We tested 12 independent risk loci for their potential to alter gene expression through cis-acting mechanisms, using publicly available gene expression profiles with matching genotype information. Sixteen SNPs were identified that are linked to differential expression of SP140, a putative tumor suppressor gene previously associated with CLL/SLL. Three additional SNPs were associated with differential expression of DACT3 and GNG8, which are involved in the WNT/β-catenin- and G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways, respectively, that have been previously implicated in CLL/SLL pathogenesis. Using in silico functional prediction tools, we found that 14 of the 19 significant eQTL SNPs lie in multiple putative regulatory elements, several of which have prior implications in CLL/SLL or other hematological malignancies. Although experimental validation is needed, our study shows that the use of existing GWAS data in combination with eQTL analysis and in silico methods represents a useful starting point to screen for putatively causal SNPs that may be involved in the etiology of CLL/SLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenna C. M. Sillé
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Reuben Thomas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Martyn T. Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Lucia Conde
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Christine F. Skibola
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kandasamy S, Fan D, Sangha JS, Khan W, Evans F, Critchley AT, Prithiviraj B. Tasco(®), a product of Ascophyllum nodosum, imparts thermal stress tolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:2256-2282. [PMID: 22163185 PMCID: PMC3229234 DOI: 10.3390/md9112256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 10/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tasco(®), a commercial product manufactured from the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum, has been shown to impart thermal stress tolerance in animals. We investigated the physiological, biochemical and molecular bases of this induced thermal stress tolerance using the invertebrate animal model, Caenorhabiditis elegans. Tasco(®) water extract (TWE) at 300 μg/mL significantly enhanced thermal stress tolerance as well as extended the life span of C. elegans. The mean survival rate of the model animals under thermal stress (35 °C) treated with 300 μg/mL and 600 μg/mL TWE, respectively, was 68% and 71% higher than the control animals. However, the TWE treatments did not affect the nematode body length, fertility or the cellular localization of daf-16. On the contrary, TWE under thermal stress significantly increased the pharyngeal pumping rate in treated animals compared to the control. Treatment with TWE also showed differential protein expression profiles over control following 2D gel-electrophoresis analysis. Furthermore, TWE significantly altered the expression of at least 40 proteins under thermal stress; among these proteins 34 were up-regulated while six were down-regulated. Mass spectroscopy analysis of the proteins altered by TWE treatment revealed that these proteins were related to heat stress tolerance, energy metabolism and a muscle structure related protein. Among them heat shock proteins, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, saposin-like proteins 20, myosin regulatory light chain 1, cytochrome c oxidase RAS-like, GTP-binding protein RHO A, OS were significantly up-regulated, while eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1 OS, 60S ribosomal protein L18 OS, peroxiredoxin protein 2 were down regulated by TWE treatment. These results were further validated by gene expression and reporter gene expression analyses. Overall results indicate that the water soluble components of Tasco(®) imparted thermal stress tolerance in the C. elegans by altering stress related biochemical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saveetha Kandasamy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Nova Scotia Agricultural College, P.O. Box 550, Truro NS B2B 5E3, Canada; E-Mails: (S.K.); (D.F.); (J.S.S.)
| | - Di Fan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Nova Scotia Agricultural College, P.O. Box 550, Truro NS B2B 5E3, Canada; E-Mails: (S.K.); (D.F.); (J.S.S.)
| | - Jatinder Singh Sangha
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Nova Scotia Agricultural College, P.O. Box 550, Truro NS B2B 5E3, Canada; E-Mails: (S.K.); (D.F.); (J.S.S.)
- Acadian Seaplants Limited, 30 Brown Avenue, Dartmouth NS B3B 1X8, Canada; E-Mails: (F.E.); (A.T.C.)
| | - Wajahatullah Khan
- Genome Research Chair Unit, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Franklin Evans
- Acadian Seaplants Limited, 30 Brown Avenue, Dartmouth NS B3B 1X8, Canada; E-Mails: (F.E.); (A.T.C.)
| | - Alan T. Critchley
- Acadian Seaplants Limited, 30 Brown Avenue, Dartmouth NS B3B 1X8, Canada; E-Mails: (F.E.); (A.T.C.)
| | - Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Nova Scotia Agricultural College, P.O. Box 550, Truro NS B2B 5E3, Canada; E-Mails: (S.K.); (D.F.); (J.S.S.)
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