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Pally D, Kapoor N, Naba A. The novel ECM protein SNED1 mediates cell adhesion via α5β1 integrin. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.07.606706. [PMID: 39149327 PMCID: PMC11326288 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.07.606706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex meshwork comprising over 100 proteins. It serves as an adhesive substrate for cells and, hence, plays critical roles in health and disease. We have recently identified a novel ECM protein, SNED1, and have found that it is required for neural crest cell migration and craniofacial morphogenesis during development and in breast cancer, where it is necessary for the metastatic dissemination of tumor cells. Interestingly, both processes involve the dynamic remodeling of cell-ECM adhesions via cell surface receptors. Sequence analysis revealed that SNED1 contains two amino acid motifs, RGD and LDV, known to bind integrins, the largest class of ECM receptors. We thus sought to investigate the role of SNED1 in cell adhesion. Here, we report that SNED1 mediates breast cancer and neural crest cell adhesion via its RGD motif. We further demonstrate that cell adhesion to SNED1 is mediated by α5β1integrin. These findings are a first step toward identifying the signaling pathways activated downstream of the SNED1-integrin interactions guiding craniofacial morphogenesis and breast cancer metastasis. SUMMARY STATEMENT We report that the novel ECM protein SNED1 promotes the adhesion of breast cancer and neural crest cells via interaction with α5β1 integrin, the first SNED1 receptor identified to date.
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Martínez-Flores R, Lozano-Burgos C, Niklander SE, Fernández-Cuya M, Lopes MA, González-Arriagada WA. Relationship between aggressive features of oral squamous cell carcinoma and the immunoexpression of CX3CR1, CX3CL1 and ITGAV. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 138:79-87. [PMID: 38760287 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe the association between CX3CR1, CX3CL1, and ITGAV immunoexpression with PNI and adverse oncologic outcomes in patients with OSCC. STUDY DESIGN Expression CX3CR1, CX3CL1, and ITGAV was assessed by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 50 paraffin-embedded resections of OSCC. Survival analysis, Cox, and binary logistic regressions were undertaken to determine the impact on patient survival and predictive value for PNI. RESULTS CX3CL1 positive nerves exhibited a significant association with tumor budding (TB) (P = .043), whereas nerves positive for ITGAV were associated with PNI (P = .021), T3-T4 tumor size (P = .029), and III-IV stage (P = .044). Cases with ITGAV-positive nerves exhibited an odds ratio of 9.603 (P = .008) for PNI, whereas cases with CX3CL1-positive nerves exhibited and odds ratio of 4.682 (P = .033) for TB. A trend toward decreased 5-year overall survival (P = .078) and 5-year disease-specific survival (P = .09) was observed in relation to ITGAV-positive nerves. However, no independent predictors for poor survival were identified. CONCLUSIONS The expression of ITGAV was associated with PNI and advanced disease, whereas the expression of CX3CL1 was related to TB, suggesting that ITGAV and CX3CL1 are involved in their respective developments. Therefore, further investigations are encouraged to assess the potential utility of targeted therapies against CX3CL1 receptors in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Martínez-Flores
- Unidad de Patología y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile; Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil; Unidad de Apoyo de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Carlos Van Buren, Valparaíso, Chile; Unidad de Cirugía Maxilofacial y Odontología, Hospital Carlos Van Buren, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Carlo Lozano-Burgos
- Unidad de Apoyo de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Carlos Van Buren, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Sven Eric Niklander
- Unidad de Patología y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | | | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Wilfredo Alejandro González-Arriagada
- Universidad de Los Andes, Chile. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica; Universidad de Los Andes, Chile. Facultad de Odontología; IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile.
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3
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Zhang S, Zhang Q, Lu Y, Chen J, Liu J, Li Z, Xie Z. Roles of Integrin in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Basic Research to Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4096. [PMID: 38612904 PMCID: PMC11012347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant global health threat due to their complex pathogenesis and high incidence, imposing a substantial burden on global healthcare systems. Integrins, a group of heterodimers consisting of α and β subunits that are located on the cell membrane, have emerged as key players in mediating the occurrence and progression of CVDs by regulating the physiological activities of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, platelets, fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, and various immune cells. The crucial role of integrins in the progression of CVDs has valuable implications for targeted therapies. In this context, the development and application of various integrin antibodies and antagonists have been explored for antiplatelet therapy and anti-inflammatory-mediated tissue damage. Additionally, the rise of nanomedicine has enhanced the specificity and bioavailability of precision therapy targeting integrins. Nevertheless, the complexity of the pathogenesis of CVDs presents tremendous challenges for monoclonal targeted treatment. This paper reviews the mechanisms of integrins in the development of atherosclerosis, cardiac fibrosis, hypertension, and arrhythmias, which may pave the way for future innovations in the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qingfang Zhang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yutong Lu
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jianrui Chen
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jinkai Liu
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhuohan Li
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xie
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
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4
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Drzewicka K, Zasłona Z. Metabolism-driven glycosylation represents therapeutic opportunities in interstitial lung diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1328781. [PMID: 38550597 PMCID: PMC10973144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1328781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes are coupled with alteration in protein glycosylation. In this review, we will focus on macrophages that are pivotal in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis and thanks to their adaptable metabolism are an attractive therapeutic target. Examples presented in this review demonstrate that protein glycosylation regulates metabolism-driven immune responses in macrophages, with implications for fibrotic processes and granuloma formation. Targeting proteins that regulate glycosylation, such as fucosyltransferases, neuraminidase 1 and chitinase 1 could effectively block immunometabolic changes driving inflammation and fibrosis, providing novel avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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5
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Xie B, Xu S, Schecterson L, Gumbiner BM, Sivasankar S. Strengthening E-cadherin adhesion via antibody-mediated binding stabilization. Structure 2024; 32:217-227.e3. [PMID: 38052206 PMCID: PMC10872345 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
E-cadherins (Ecads) are a crucial cell-cell adhesion protein with tumor suppression properties. Ecad adhesion can be enhanced by the monoclonal antibody 66E8, which has potential applications in inhibiting cancer metastasis. However, the biophysical mechanisms underlying 66E8-mediated adhesion strengthening are unknown. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations, site-directed mutagenesis, and single-molecule atomic force microscopy experiments to demonstrate that 66E8 strengthens Ecad binding by stabilizing the primary Ecad adhesive conformation: the strand-swap dimer. By forming electrostatic interactions with Ecad, 66E8 stabilizes the swapped β-strand and its hydrophobic pocket and impedes Ecad conformational changes, which are necessary for rupture of the strand-swap dimer. Our findings identify fundamental mechanistic principles for strengthening of Ecad binding using monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Shipeng Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leslayann Schecterson
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barry M Gumbiner
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sanjeevi Sivasankar
- Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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6
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Maekawa S, Takano S, Enomoto N. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after viral clearance achieved by DAA treatment. J Formos Med Assoc 2024:S0929-6646(24)00048-2. [PMID: 38245398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy has revolutionized hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, enabling most HCV-infected patients to achieve a sustained viral response (SVR) easily and safely in a short period. On the other hand, it is gradually being recognized that a significant proportion of patients are still at risk of developing de novo and recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), even after HCV elimination, and therefore, elucidation of the risk of de novo and recurrent HCC, investigation of its molecular basis, and construction of accurate prediction models are emerging as new important clinical topics. In this review, we present recent advances regarding these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Maekawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Shinichi Takano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Enomoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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Słyk Ż, Wrzesień R, Barszcz S, Gawrychowski K, Małecki M. Adeno-associated virus vector hydrogel formulations for brain cancer gene therapy applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116061. [PMID: 38154269 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Gelatin-based formulations are utilized in neurosurgical procedures, with Medisponge® serving as an illustration of a secure and biocompatible hemostatic formulation. Noteworthy are combined hemostatic products that integrate pharmacological agents with gelatin. Gelatin matrices, which host biologically active substances, provide a platform for a variety of molecules. Biopolymers function as carriers for chemicals and genes, a facet particularly pertinent in brain cancer therapy, as gene therapy complement conventional approaches. The registration of Zolgensma underscores the efficacy of rAAV vectors in therapeutic gene delivery to the CNS. rAAVs, renowned for their safety, stability, and neuron-targeting capabilities, predominate in CNS gene therapy studies. The effectiveness of rAAV vector therapy varies based on the serotype and administration route. Local gene therapy employing hydrogel (e.g., post-tumor resection) enables the circumvention of the blood-brain barrier and restricts formulation diffusion. This study formulates gelatin rAAV gene formulations and evaluates vector transduction potential. Transduction efficiency was assessed using ex vivo mouse brains and in vitro cancer cell lines. In vitro, the transduction of rAAV vectors in gelatin matrices was quantified through qPCR, measuring the itr and Gfp expression. rAAVDJ and rAAV2 demonstrated superior transduction in ex vivo and in vitro models. Among the cell lines tested (Hs683, B16-F10, NIH:OVCAR-3), gelatin matrix F1 exhibited selective transduction, particularly with Hs683 human glioma cells, surpassing the performance Medisponge®. This research highlights the exploration of local brain cancer therapy, emphasizing the potential of gelatin as an rAAV vector carrier for gene therapy. The functional transduction activity of gelatin rAAV formulations is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Słyk
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Robert Wrzesień
- Central Laboratory of Experimental Animals, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Barszcz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Clinical Hospital, University Clinical Centre of the Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gawrychowski
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Małecki
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Pavlakis E, Neumann M, Merle N, Wieboldt R, Wanzel M, Ponath V, Pogge von Strandmann E, Elmshäuser S, Stiewe T. Mutant p53-ENTPD5 control of the calnexin/calreticulin cycle: a druggable target for inhibiting integrin-α5-driven metastasis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:203. [PMID: 37563605 PMCID: PMC10413714 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TP53, encoding the tumor suppressor p53, is frequently mutated in various cancers, producing mutant p53 proteins (mutp53) which can exhibit neomorphic, gain-of-function properties. The latter transform p53 into an oncoprotein that promotes metastatic tumor progression via downstream effectors such as ENTPD5, an endoplasmic reticulum UDPase involved in the calnexin/calreticulin cycle of N-glycoprotein biosynthesis. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying the pro-metastatic functions of the mutp53-ENTPD5 axis is crucial for developing targeted therapies for aggressive metastatic cancer. METHODS We analyzed pancreatic, lung, and breast adenocarcinoma cells with p53 missense mutations to study the impact of mutp53 and ENTPD5 on the N-glycoproteins integrin-α5 (ITGA5) and integrin-β1 (ITGB1), which heterodimerize to form the key fibronectin receptor. We assessed the role of the mutp53-ENTPD5 axis in integrin-dependent tumor-stroma interactions and tumor cell motility using adhesion, migration, and invasion assays, identifying and validating therapeutic intervention targets. We employed an orthotopic xenograft model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to examine in vivo targeting of mutp53-ENTPD5-mediated ITGA5 regulation for cancer therapy. RESULTS Mutp53 depletion diminished ITGA5 and ITGB1 expression and impaired tumor cell adhesion, migration, and invasion, rescued by ENTPD5. The mutp53-ENTPD5 axis maintained ITGA5 expression and function via the calnexin/calreticulin cycle. Targeting this axis using ITGA5-blocking antibodies, α-glucosidase inhibitors, or pharmacological degradation of mutp53 by HSP90 inhibitors, such as Ganetespib, effectively inhibited ITGA5-mediated cancer cell motility in vitro. In the orthotopic xenograft model, Ganetespib reduced ITGA5 expression and metastasis in an ENTPD5-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The mutp53-ENTPD5 axis fosters ITGA5 and ITGB1 expression and tumor cell motility through the calnexin/calreticulin cycle, contributing to cancer metastasis. ITGA5-blocking antibodies or α-glucosidase inhibitors target this axis and represent potential therapeutic options worth exploring in preclinical models. The pharmacologic degradation of mutp53 by HSP90 inhibitors effectively blocks ENTPD5-ITGA5-mediated cancer cell motility and metastasis in vivo, warranting further clinical evaluation in p53-mutant cancers. This research underscores the significance of understanding the complex interplay between mutp53, ENTPD5, and the calnexin/calreticulin cycle in integrin-mediated metastatic tumor progression, offering valuable insights for the development of potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Pavlakis
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Neumann
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nastasja Merle
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ronja Wieboldt
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Wanzel
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, 35043, Germany
| | - Viviane Ponath
- Institute for Tumor Immunology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Sabrina Elmshäuser
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, 35043, Germany.
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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Samaržija I, Konjevoda P. Extracellular Matrix- and Integrin Adhesion Complexes-Related Genes in the Prognosis of Prostate Cancer Patients' Progression-Free Survival. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2006. [PMID: 37509645 PMCID: PMC10377098 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and one of the main obstacles in its management is the inability to foresee its course. Therefore, novel biomarkers are needed that will guide the treatment options. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important part of the tumor microenvironment that largely influences cell behavior. ECM components are ligands for integrin receptors which are involved in every step of tumor progression. An underlying characteristic of integrin activation and ligation is the formation of integrin adhesion complexes (IACs), intracellular structures that carry information conveyed by integrins. By using The Cancer Genome Atlas data, we show that the expression of ECM- and IACs-related genes is changed in prostate cancer. Moreover, machine learning methods revealed that they are a source of biomarkers for progression-free survival of patients that are stratified according to the Gleason score. Namely, low expression of FMOD and high expression of PTPN2 genes are associated with worse survival of patients with a Gleason score lower than 9. The FMOD gene encodes protein that may play a role in the assembly of the ECM and the PTPN2 gene product is a protein tyrosine phosphatase activated by integrins. Our results suggest potential biomarkers of prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Samaržija
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Paško Konjevoda
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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10
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Xie B, Xu S, Schecterson L, Gumbiner BM, Sivasankar S. Strengthening E-cadherin adhesion via antibody mediated binding stabilization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.04.547716. [PMID: 37461464 PMCID: PMC10350017 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.04.547716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
E-cadherins (Ecads) are a crucial cell-cell adhesion protein with tumor suppression properties. Ecad adhesion can be enhanced by the monoclonal antibody 66E8, which has potential applications in inhibiting cancer metastasis. However, the biophysical mechanisms underlying 66E8 mediated adhesion strengthening are unknown. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations, site directed mutagenesis and single molecule atomic force microscopy experiments to demonstrate that 66E8 strengthens Ecad binding by stabilizing the primary Ecad adhesive conformation: the strand-swap dimer. By forming electrostatic interactions with Ecad, 66E8 stabilizes the swapped β-strand and its hydrophobic pocket and impedes Ecad conformational changes, which are necessary for rupture of the strand-swap dimer. Our findings identify fundamental mechanistic principles for strengthening of Ecad binding using monoclonal antibodies.
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11
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Conley HE, Sheats MK. Targeting Neutrophil β 2-Integrins: A Review of Relevant Resources, Tools, and Methods. Biomolecules 2023; 13:892. [PMID: 37371473 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are important innate immune cells that respond during inflammation and infection. These migratory cells utilize β2-integrin cell surface receptors to move out of the vasculature into inflamed tissues and to perform various anti-inflammatory responses. Although critical for fighting off infection, neutrophil responses can also become dysregulated and contribute to disease pathophysiology. In order to limit neutrophil-mediated damage, investigators have focused on β2-integrins as potential therapeutic targets, but so far these strategies have failed in clinical trials. As the field continues to move forward, a better understanding of β2-integrin function and signaling will aid the design of future therapeutics. Here, we provide a detailed review of resources, tools, experimental methods, and in vivo models that have been and will continue to be utilized to investigate the vitally important cell surface receptors, neutrophil β2-integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleigh E Conley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - M Katie Sheats
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
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12
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Bialves TS, Bastos Junior CLQ, Cordeiro MF, Boyle RT. Snake venom, a potential treatment for melanoma. A systematic review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123367. [PMID: 36690229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in treating patients with melanoma, there are still many treatment challenges to overcome. Studies with snake venom-derived proteins/peptides describe their binding potential, and inhibition of some proliferative mechanisms in melanoma. The combined use of these compounds with current therapies could be the strategic gap that will help us discover more effective treatments for melanoma. The present study aimed to carry out a systematic review identifying snake venom proteins and peptides described in the literature with antitumor, antimetastatic, or antiangiogenic effects on melanoma and determine the mechanisms of action that lead to these anti-tumor effects. Snake venoms contain proteins and peptides which are antiaggregant, antimetastatic, and antiangiogenic. The in vivo results are encouraging, considering the reduction of metastases and tumor size after treatment. In addition to these results, it was reported that these venom compounds could act in combination with chemotherapeutics (Acurhagin-C; Macrovipecetin), sensitizing and preparing tumor cells for treatment. There is a consensus that snake venom is a promising strategy for the improvement of antimelanoma therapies, but it has been little explored in the current context, combined with inhibitors, immunotherapy or tumor microenvironment, for example. We suggest Lebein as a candidate for combination therapy with BRAF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Senna Bialves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGCF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, s/n - km 8 - Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Claudio L Q Bastos Junior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGCF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, s/n - km 8 - Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcos Freitas Cordeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Saúde (PPGBS), Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina - UNOESC, Rua Roberto Trompovski 224, Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, CEP 89600-000, Brazil.
| | - Robert Tew Boyle
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGCF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, s/n - km 8 - Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil
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Bhushan NP, Stack T, Scott EA, Shull KR, Mathew B, Bijukumar D. In vitro assessment of varying peptide surface density on the suppression of angiogenesis by micelles displaying αvβ3 blocking peptides. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:343-353. [PMID: 36054456 PMCID: PMC9771939 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ligand targeted therapy (LTT) is a precision medicine strategy that can selectively target diseased cells while minimizing off-target effects on healthy cells. Integrin-targeted LTT has been developed recently for angiogenesis-related diseases. However, the clinical success is based on the optimal design of the nanoparticles for inducing receptor clustering within the cell membrane. The current study focused on determining the surface density of Ser-Asp-Val containing anti-integrin heptapeptide on poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly(propylene sulfide) micelles (MC) required for anti-angiogenic effects on HUVECs. Varying peptide density on PEG-b-PPS/Pep-PA MCs (Pep-PA-Peptide-palmitoleic acid) was used in comparison to a random peptide (SGV) and cRGD (cyclic-Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid) construct at 5%-density on MCs. Immunocytochemistry using CD51/CD31 antibody was performed to study the integrin blocking by MCs. In addition, the expression of VWF and PECAM-1, cell migration and tube formation was evaluated in the presence of PEG-b-PPS/Pep-PA MCs. The results show PEG-b-PPS/SDV-PA MCs with 5%-peptide density to achieve significantly higher αvβ3 blocking compared to random peptide as well as cRGD. In addition, αvβ3 blocking via MCs further reduced the expression of vWF and PECAM-1 angiogenesis protein expression in HUVECs. Although a significant level of integrin blocking was observed for 1%-peptide density on MCs, the cell migration and tube formation were not significantly affected. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that the peptide surface density on PEG-b-PPS/Pep-PA MCs has a significant impact in integrin blocking as well as inhibiting angiogenesis during LTT. The outcomes of this study provides insight into the design of ligand targeted nanocarriers for various disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Phani Bhushan
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at RockfordRockfordIllinoisUSA
| | - Trevor Stack
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | - Evan A. Scott
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | - Kenneth R. Shull
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA
| | - Benjamin Mathew
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesUniversity of IllinoisChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Divya Bijukumar
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at RockfordRockfordIllinoisUSA
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14
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Tvaroška I, Kozmon S, Kóňa J. Molecular Modeling Insights into the Structure and Behavior of Integrins: A Review. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020324. [PMID: 36672259 PMCID: PMC9856412 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric glycoproteins crucial to the physiology and pathology of many biological functions. As adhesion molecules, they mediate immune cell trafficking, migration, and immunological synapse formation during inflammation and cancer. The recognition of the vital roles of integrins in various diseases revealed their therapeutic potential. Despite the great effort in the last thirty years, up to now, only seven integrin-based drugs have entered the market. Recent progress in deciphering integrin functions, signaling, and interactions with ligands, along with advancement in rational drug design strategies, provide an opportunity to exploit their therapeutic potential and discover novel agents. This review will discuss the molecular modeling methods used in determining integrins' dynamic properties and in providing information toward understanding their properties and function at the atomic level. Then, we will survey the relevant contributions and the current understanding of integrin structure, activation, the binding of essential ligands, and the role of molecular modeling methods in the rational design of antagonists. We will emphasize the role played by molecular modeling methods in progress in these areas and the designing of integrin antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Tvaroška
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
| | - Stanislav Kozmon
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Medical Vision o. z., Záhradnícka 4837/55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kóňa
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Medical Vision o. z., Záhradnícka 4837/55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
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15
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Arnaout MA. INTEGRINS: A BEDSIDE TO BENCH TO BEDSIDE STORY. TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN CLINICAL AND CLIMATOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION 2023; 133:34-55. [PMID: 37701613 PMCID: PMC10493766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
I provide a narrative of the path I took to discover the membrane receptors that mediate leukocyte adhesion, now known as β2 integrins or CD11/CD18. We followed this discovery with the first determination of the 3-D structures of integrins. The latter advance provided the foundation for understanding the unique features of integrins as divalent cation-dependent signaling receptors and as mechanosensitive conduits between the extracellular matrix and the intracellular cytoskeleton. Our structural studies are now opening new paths for taming overactive integrins in disease while minimizing the collateral damage associated with the faulty pharmacodynamics of current integrin inhibitory drugs.
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16
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Bugatti K, Sartori A, Battistini L, Ruzzolini J, Nediani C, Curti C, Bianchini F, Zanardi F. Nintedanib‐α
V
β
3
Integrin Ligand Dual‐Targeting Conjugates towards Precision Treatment of Melanoma. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Bugatti
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Andrea Sartori
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Lucia Battistini
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Florence Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Florence Italy
| | - Claudio Curti
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Viale Morgagni 50 50134 Florence Italy
| | - Franca Zanardi
- Department of Food and Drug University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27 A 43124 Parma Italy
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17
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Jones CE, Sharick JT, Sizemore ST, Cukierman E, Strohecker AM, Leight JL. A miniaturized screening platform to identify novel regulators of extracellular matrix alignment. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:1471-1486. [PMID: 36530465 PMCID: PMC9757767 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix alignment contributes to metastasis in a number of cancers and is a known prognostic stromal factor; however, the mechanisms controlling matrix organization remain unclear. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) play a critical role in this process, particularly via matrix production and modulation of key signaling pathways controlling cell adhesion and contractility. Stroma normalization, as opposed to elimination, is a highly sought strategy, and screening for drugs that effectively alter extracellular matrix (ECM) alignment is a practical way to identify novel CAF-normalizing targets that modulate ECM organization. To meet this need, we developed a novel high-throughput screening platform in which fibroblast-derived matrices were produced in 384-well plates, imaged with automated confocal microscopy, and analyzed using a customized MATLAB script. This platform is a technical advance because it miniaturizes the assay, eliminates costly and time-consuming experimental steps, and streamlines data acquisition and analysis to enable high-throughput screening applications. As a proof of concept, this platform was used to screen a kinase inhibitor library to identify modulators of matrix alignment. A number of novel potential regulators were identified, including several receptor tyrosine kinases (c-MET, tropomyosin receptor kinase 1 (NTRK1), HER2/ERBB2) and the serine/threonine kinases protein kinase A, C, and G (PKA, PKC, and PKG). The expression of these regulators was analyzed in publicly available patient datasets to examine the association between stromal gene expression and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joe T. Sharick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Program in Cancer Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Steven T. Sizemore
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Program in Cancer Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics, The Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anne Marie Strohecker
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Program in Cancer Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jennifer L. Leight
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Program in Cancer Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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18
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Rivera-Caraballo KA, Nair M, Lee TJ, Kaur B, Yoo JY. The complex relationship between integrins and oncolytic herpes Simplex Virus 1 in high-grade glioma therapeutics. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 26:63-75. [PMID: 35795093 PMCID: PMC9233184 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are lethal central nervous system tumors that spread quickly through the brain, making treatment challenging. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, cellular adhesion, migration, growth, and survival. Their upregulation and inverse correlation in HGG malignancy make targeting integrins a viable therapeutic option. Integrins also play a role in herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) entry. Oncolytic HSV-1 (oHSV) is the most clinically advanced oncolytic virotherapy, showing a superior safety and efficacy profile over standard cancer treatment of solid cancers, including HGG. With the FDA-approval of oHSV for melanoma and the recent conditional approval of oHSV for malignant glioma in Japan, usage of oHSV for HGG has become of great interest. In this review, we provide a systematic overview of the role of integrins in relation to oHSV, with a special focus on its therapeutic potential against HGG. We discuss the pros and cons of targeting integrins during oHSV therapy: while integrins play a pro-therapeutic role by acting as a gateway for oHSV entry, they also mediate the innate antiviral immune responses that hinder oHSV therapeutic efficacy. We further discuss alternative strategies to regulate the dual functionality of integrins in the context of oHSV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Ann Rivera-Caraballo
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mitra Nair
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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19
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Mukherjee A, Ha P, Wai KC, Naara S. The Role of ECM Remodeling, EMT, and Adhesion Molecules in Cancerous Neural Invasion: Changing Perspectives. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2200039. [PMID: 35798312 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Perineural invasion (PNI) refers to the cancerous invasion of nerves. It provides an alternative route for metastatic invasion and can exist independently in the absence of lymphatic or vascular invasion. It is a prominent characteristic of specific aggressive malignancies where it correlates with poor prognosis. The clinical significance of PNI is widely recognized despite a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis. The interaction between the nerve and the cancer cells is the most pivotal PNI step which is mediated by the activation or inhibition of multiple signaling pathways that include chemokines, interleukins, nerve growth factors, and matrix metalloproteinases, to name a few. The nerve-cancer cell interaction brings about specific changes in the perineural niche, which not only affects the regular nerve functions, but also enhances the migratory, invasive, and adherent properties of the tumor cells. This review aims to elucidate the vital role of adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix, and epithelial-mesenchymal proteins that promote PNI, which may serve as therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mukherjee
- Department of Genetics and Developmental BiologyRappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3525422, Israel
| | - Patrick Ha
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Katherine C Wai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Shorook Naara
- Department of Genetics and Developmental BiologyRappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3525422, Israel.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
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20
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Xie B, Maker A, Priest AV, Dranow DM, Phan JN, Edwards TE, Staker BL, Myler PJ, Gumbiner BM, Sivasankar S. Molecular mechanism for strengthening E-cadherin adhesion using a monoclonal antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204473119. [PMID: 35921442 PMCID: PMC9371698 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204473119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
E-cadherin (Ecad) is an essential cell-cell adhesion protein with tumor suppression properties. The adhesive state of Ecad can be modified by the monoclonal antibody 19A11, which has potential applications in reducing cancer metastasis. Using X-ray crystallography, we determine the structure of 19A11 Fab bound to Ecad and show that the antibody binds to the first extracellular domain of Ecad near its primary adhesive motif: the strand-swap dimer interface. Molecular dynamics simulations and single-molecule atomic force microscopy demonstrate that 19A11 interacts with Ecad in two distinct modes: one that strengthens the strand-swap dimer and one that does not alter adhesion. We show that adhesion is strengthened by the formation of a salt bridge between 19A11 and Ecad, which in turn stabilizes the swapped β-strand and its complementary binding pocket. Our results identify mechanistic principles for engineering antibodies to enhance Ecad adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616
| | - Allison Maker
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98101
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | - Andrew V. Priest
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616
| | - David M. Dranow
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle, WA, 98109
- UCB Pharma, Bainbridge Island, WA, 98110
| | - Jenny N. Phan
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle, WA, 98109
- UCB Pharma, Bainbridge Island, WA, 98110
| | - Thomas E. Edwards
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle, WA, 98109
- UCB Pharma, Bainbridge Island, WA, 98110
| | - Bart L. Staker
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle, WA, 98109
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Peter J. Myler
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle, WA, 98109
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | - Barry M. Gumbiner
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98101
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | - Sanjeevi Sivasankar
- Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616
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21
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Hou W, Bridgeman B, Malnassy G, Ding X, Cotler S, Dhanarajan A, Qiu W. Integrin subunit beta 8 contributes to lenvatinib resistance in HCC. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:1786-1802. [PMID: 35238496 PMCID: PMC9234648 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lenvatinib is a multikinase inhibitor approved as a first-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the development of drug resistance is common, and the underlying mechanisms governing this resistance are largely unknown. In this study, we established two lenvatinib-resistant (LR) HCC cell lines and identified integrin subunit beta 8 (ITGB8) as a critical contributor to lenvatinib resistance in HCC. The elevated expression of ITGB8 was observed in LR HCC cells. Furthermore, silencing of ITGB8 reversed lenvatinib resistance in vitro and in vivo, whereas ectopic expression of ITGB8 in lenvatinib-sensitive parental HCC cells exhibited increased resistance to lenvatinib. Mechanistically, ITGB8 regulated lenvatinib resistance through an HSP90-mediated stabilization of AKT and enhanced AKT signaling. In support of this model, either an AKT inhibitor MK-2206 or an HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG resensitized LR HCC cells to lenvatinib treatment. Conclusion: Collectively, our results establish a crucial role of ITGB8 in lenvatinib resistance, and suggest that targeting the ITGB8/HSP90/AKT axis is a promising therapeutic strategy in patients with HCC exhibiting lenvatinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hou
- Department of SurgeryLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
- Department of Cancer BiologyLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Bryan Bridgeman
- Department of SurgeryLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
- Department of Cancer BiologyLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Greg Malnassy
- Department of SurgeryLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
- Department of Cancer BiologyLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Xianzhong Ding
- Department of PathologyLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Scott J. Cotler
- Department of MedicineLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Asha Dhanarajan
- Department of MedicineLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of SurgeryLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
- Department of Cancer BiologyLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
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22
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Liu L, Zhu H, Wang P, Wu S. Construction of a Six-Gene Prognostic Risk Model Related to Hypoxia and Angiogenesis for Cervical Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:923263. [PMID: 35769999 PMCID: PMC9234147 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.923263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prognosis of cervical cancer (CC) is poor and not accurately reflected by the primary tumor node metastasis staging system. Our study aimed to develop a novel survival-prediction model. Methods: Hallmarks of CC were quantified using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis and univariate Cox proportional hazards analysis. We linked gene expression, hypoxia, and angiogenesis using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was combined with the random forest algorithm to construct a prognostic model. We further evaluated the survival predictive power of the gene signature using Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: Hypoxia and angiogenesis were the leading risk factors contributing to poor overall survival (OS) of patients with CC. We identified 109 candidate genes using WGCNA and univariate Cox regression. Our established prognostic model contained six genes (MOCSI, PPP1R14A, ESM1, DES, ITGA5, and SERPINF1). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that high-risk patients had worse OS (hazard ratio = 4.63, p < 0.001). Our model had high predictive power according to the ROC curve. The C-index indicated that the risk score was a better predictor of survival than other clinicopathological variables. Additionally, univariate and multivariate Cox regressions indicated that the risk score was the only independent risk factor for poor OS. The risk score was also an independent predictor in the validation set (GSE52903). Bivariate survival prediction suggested that patients exhibited poor prognosis if they had high z-scores for hypoxia or angiogenesis and high risk scores. Conclusions: We established a six-gene survival prediction model associated with hypoxia and angiogenesis. This novel model accurately predicts survival and also provides potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Hongcang Zhu
- Foshan Retirement Center for Retired Cadres, Guangdong Military Region of the PLA, Foshan, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Suzhen Wu
- TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Suzhen Wu,
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23
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Humphries JD, Zha J, Burns J, Askari JA, Below CR, Chastney MR, Jones MC, Mironov A, Knight D, O'Reilly DA, Dunne MJ, Garrod DR, Jorgensen C, Humphries MJ. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells employ integrin α6β4 to form hemidesmosomes and regulate cell proliferation. Matrix Biol 2022; 110:16-39. [PMID: 35405272 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis due to its aggressive progression, late detection and lack of druggable driver mutations, which often combine to result in unsuitability for surgical intervention. Together with activating mutations of the small GTPase KRas, which are found in over 90% of PDAC tumours, a contributory factor for PDAC tumour progression is formation of a rigid extracellular matrix (ECM) and associated desmoplasia. This response leads to aberrant integrin signalling, and accelerated proliferation and invasion. To identify the integrin adhesion systems that operate in PDAC, we analysed a range of pancreatic ductal epithelial cell models using 2D, 3D and organoid culture systems. Proteomic analysis of isolated integrin receptor complexes from human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells predominantly identified integrin α6β4 and hemidesmosome components, rather than classical focal adhesion components. Electron microscopy, together with immunofluorescence, confirmed the formation of hemidesmosomes by HPDE cells, both in 2D and 3D culture systems. Similar results were obtained for the human PDAC cell line, SUIT-2. Analysis of HPDE cell secreted proteins and cell-derived matrices (CDM) demonstrated that HPDE cells secrete a range of laminin subunits and form a hemidesmosome-specific, laminin 332-enriched ECM. Expression of mutant KRas (G12V) did not affect hemidesmosome composition or formation by HPDE cells. Cell-ECM contacts formed by mouse and human PDAC organoids were also assessed by electron microscopy. Organoids generated from both the PDAC KPC mouse model and human patient-derived PDAC tissue displayed features of acinar-ductal cell polarity, and hemidesmosomes were visible proximal to prominent basement membranes. Furthermore, electron microscopy identified hemidesmosomes in normal human pancreas. Depletion of integrin β4 reduced cell proliferation in both SUIT-2 and HPDE cells, reduced the number of SUIT-2 cells in S-phase, and induced G1 cell cycle arrest, suggesting a requirement for α6β4-mediated adhesion for cell cycle progression and growth. Taken together, these data suggest that laminin-binding adhesion mechanisms in general, and hemidesmosome-mediated adhesion in particular, may be under-appreciated in the context of PDAC. Proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifiers PXD027803, PXD027823 and PXD027827.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Junzhe Zha
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jessica Burns
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Janet A Askari
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Christopher R Below
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Megan R Chastney
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Matthew C Jones
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Aleksandr Mironov
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility (RRID: SCR_021147), Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - David Knight
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Facility (RRID: SCR_020987), Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Derek A O'Reilly
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Mark J Dunne
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - David R Garrod
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Claus Jorgensen
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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Echavidre W, Picco V, Faraggi M, Montemagno C. Integrin-αvβ3 as a Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma: Back to the Future? Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051053. [PMID: 35631639 PMCID: PMC9144720 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor, is associated with a dismal prognosis. Standard therapies including maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy remain poorly efficient. Improving GBM treatment modalities is, therefore, a paramount challenge for researchers and clinicians. GBMs exhibit the hallmark feature of aggressive invasion into the surrounding tissue. Among cell surface receptors involved in this process, members of the integrin family are known to be key actors of GBM invasion. Upregulation of integrins was reported in both tumor and stromal cells, making them a suitable target for innovative therapies targeting integrins in GBM patients, as their impairment disrupts tumor cell proliferation and invasive capacities. Among them, integrin-αvβ3 expression correlates with high-grade GBM. Driven by a plethora of preclinical biological studies, antagonists of αvβ3 rapidly became attractive therapeutic candidates to impair GBM tumorigenesis. In this perspective, the advent of nuclear medicine is currently one of the greatest components of the theranostic concept in both preclinical and clinical research fields. In this review, we provided an overview of αvβ3 expression in GBM to emphasize the therapeutic agents developed. Advanced current and future developments in the theranostic field targeting αvβ3 are finally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Echavidre
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 98000 Monaco, Monaco; (W.E.); (C.M.)
| | - Vincent Picco
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 98000 Monaco, Monaco; (W.E.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +377-97-77-44-15
| | - Marc Faraggi
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, 98000 Monaco, Monaco;
| | - Christopher Montemagno
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 98000 Monaco, Monaco; (W.E.); (C.M.)
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Université Cote d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France
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Pritchard JR, Lee MJ, Peyton SR. Materials-driven approaches to understand extrinsic drug resistance in cancer. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3465-3472. [PMID: 35445686 PMCID: PMC9380814 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00071g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer has a poor prognosis, because it is broadly disseminated and associated with both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. Critical unmet needs in effectively killing drug resistant cancer cells include overcoming the drug desensitization characteristics of some metastatic cancers/lesions, and tailoring therapeutic regimens to both the tumor microenvironment and the genetic profiles of the resident cancer cells. Bioengineers and materials scientists are developing technologies to determine how metastatic sites exclude therapies, and how extracellular factors (including cells, proteins, metabolites, extracellular matrix, and abiotic factors) at metastatic sites significantly affect drug pharmacodynamics. Two looming challenges are determining which feature, or combination of features, from the tumor microenvironment drive drug resistance, and what the relative impact is of extracellular signals vs. intrinsic cell genetics in determining drug response. Sophisticated systems biology tools that can de-convolve a crowded network of signals and responses, as well as controllable microenvironments capable of providing discrete and tunable extracellular cues can help us begin to interrogate the high dimensional interactions governing drug resistance in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Pritchard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College PA, USA
| | - Michael J Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shelly R Peyton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 240 Thatcher Way, Life Sciences Laboratory N531, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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26
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Bergonzini C, Kroese K, Zweemer AJM, Danen EHJ. Targeting Integrins for Cancer Therapy - Disappointments and Opportunities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:863850. [PMID: 35356286 PMCID: PMC8959606 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.863850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins mediate adhesive interactions between cells and their environment, including neighboring cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). These heterodimeric transmembrane receptors bind extracellular ligands with their globular head domains and connect to the cytoskeleton through multi-protein interactions at their cytoplasmic tails. Integrin containing cell–matrix adhesions are dynamic force-responsive protein complexes that allow bidirectional mechanical coupling of cells with their environment. This allows cells to sense and modulate tissue mechanics and regulates intracellular signaling impacting on cell faith, survival, proliferation, and differentiation programs. Dysregulation of these functions has been extensively reported in cancer and associated with tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This central role in multiple hallmarks of cancer and their localization on the cell surface makes integrins attractive targets for cancer therapy. However, despite a wealth of highly encouraging preclinical data, targeting integrin adhesion complexes in clinical trials has thus far failed to meet expectations. Contributing factors to therapeutic failure are 1) variable integrin expression, 2) redundancy in integrin function, 3) distinct roles of integrins at various disease stages, and 4) sequestering of therapeutics by integrin-containing tumor-derived extracellular vesicles. Despite disappointing clinical results, new promising approaches are being investigated that highlight the potential of integrins as targets or prognostic biomarkers. Improvement of therapeutic delivery at the tumor site via integrin binding ligands is emerging as another successful approach that may enhance both efficacy and safety of conventional therapeutics. In this review we provide an overview of recent encouraging preclinical findings, we discuss the apparent disagreement between preclinical and clinical results, and we consider new opportunities to exploit the potential of integrin adhesion complexes as targets for cancer therapy.
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Rahman SR, Roper JA, Grove JI, Aithal GP, Pun KT, Bennett AJ. Integrins as a drug target in liver fibrosis. Liver Int 2022; 42:507-521. [PMID: 35048542 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As the worldwide prevalence of chronic liver diseases is high and continuing to increase, there is an urgent need for treatment to prevent cirrhosis-related morbidity and mortality. Integrins are heterodimeric cell-surface proteins that are promising targets for therapeutic intervention. αv integrins are central in the development of fibrosis as they activate latent TGFβ, a known profibrogenic cytokine. The αv subunit can form heterodimers with β1, β3, β5, β6 or β8 subunits and one or more of these integrins are central to the development of liver fibrosis, however, their relative importance is not understood. This review summarises the current knowledge of αv integrins and their respective β subunits in different organs, with a focus on liver fibrosis and the emerging preclinical and clinical data with regards to αv integrin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syedia R Rahman
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,FRAME Alternatives Laboratory, Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James A Roper
- Novel Human Genetics Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Jane I Grove
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Guruprasad P Aithal
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - K Tao Pun
- Novel Human Genetics Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Andrew J Bennett
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,FRAME Alternatives Laboratory, Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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The Impact of Obesity, Adipose Tissue, and Tumor Microenvironment on Macrophage Polarization and Metastasis. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020339. [PMID: 35205204 PMCID: PMC8869089 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The inflammatory adipose microenvironment in obesity plays a crucial role in cancer development and metastases. By focusing on adipocytes and macrophages, as well as the extracellular matrix, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that link inflammation, obesity, and cancer will be addressed by this review. After describing the tumor microenvironment and extracellular matrix, the influence of M1, M2, and tumor-associated macrophages will be explored through their origin, classification, polarization, and regulatory networks, including their potential role in angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and immunosuppression, with a specific focus on the roles of adipocytes in this process. Abstract Tumor metastasis is a major cause of death in cancer patients. It involves not only the intrinsic alterations within tumor cells, but also crosstalk between these cells and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumorigenesis is a complex and dynamic process, involving the following three main stages: initiation, progression, and metastasis. The transition between these stages depends on the changes within the extracellular matrix (ECM), in which tumor and stromal cells reside. This matrix, under the effect of growth factors, cytokines, and adipokines, can be morphologically altered, degraded, or reorganized. Many cancers evolve to form an immunosuppressive TME locally and create a pre-metastatic niche in other tissue sites. TME and pre-metastatic niches include myofibroblasts, immuno-inflammatory cells (macrophages), adipocytes, blood, and lymphatic vascular networks. Several studies have highlighted the adipocyte-macrophage interaction as a key driver of cancer progression and dissemination. The following two main classes of macrophages are distinguished: M1 (pro-inflammatory/anti-tumor) and M2 (anti-inflammatory/pro-tumor). These cells exhibit distinct microenvironment-dependent phenotypes that can promote or inhibit metastasis. On the other hand, obesity in cancer patients has been linked to a poor prognosis. In this regard, tumor-associated adipocytes modulate TME through the secretion of inflammatory mediators, which modulate and recruit tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). Hereby, this review describes the cellular and molecular mechanisms that link inflammation, obesity, and cancer. It provides a comprehensive overview of adipocytes and macrophages in the ECM as they control cancer initiation, progression, and invasion. In addition, it addresses the mechanisms of tumor anchoring and recruitment for M1, M2, and TAM macrophages, specifically highlighting their origin, classification, polarization, and regulatory networks, as well as their roles in the regulation of angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and immunosuppression, specifically highlighting the role of adipocytes in this process.
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Role of Integrins in Modulating Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Vascular Remodeling: From Expression to Therapeutic Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040646. [PMID: 35203297 PMCID: PMC8870356 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs), present in the media layer of blood vessels, are crucial in maintaining vascular homeostasis. Upon vascular injury, SMCs show a high degree of plasticity, undergo a change from a “contractile” to a “synthetic” phenotype, and play an essential role in the pathophysiology of diseases including atherosclerosis and restenosis. Integrins are cell surface receptors, which are involved in cell-to-cell binding and cell-to-extracellular-matrix interactions. By binding to extracellular matrix components, integrins trigger intracellular signaling and regulate several of the SMC function, including proliferation, migration, and phenotypic switching. Although pharmacological approaches, including antibodies and synthetic peptides, have been effectively utilized to target integrins to limit atherosclerosis and restenosis, none has been commercialized yet. A clear understanding of how integrins modulate SMC biology is essential to facilitate the development of integrin-based interventions to combat atherosclerosis and restenosis. Herein, we highlight the importance of integrins in modulating functional properties of SMCs and their implications for vascular pathology.
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Li Q, Lan T, Xie J, Lu Y, Zheng D, Su B. Integrin-Mediated Tumorigenesis and Its Therapeutic Applications. Front Oncol 2022; 12:812480. [PMID: 35223494 PMCID: PMC8873568 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.812480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins, a family of adhesion molecules generally exist on the cell surface, are essential for regulating cell growth and its function. As a bi-directional signaling molecule, they mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interaction. The recognitions of their key roles in many human pathologies, including autoimmunity, thrombosis and neoplasia, have revealed their great potential as a therapeutic target. This paper focuses on the activation of integrins, the role of integrins in tumorigenesis and progression, and advances of integrin-dependent tumor therapeutics in recent years. It is expected that understanding function and signaling transmission will fully exploit potentialities of integrin as a novel target for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ting Lan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youguang Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dali Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dali Zheng, ; Bohua Su,
| | - Bohua Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dali Zheng, ; Bohua Su,
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31
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Verhoeff TJ, Holloway AF, Dickinson JL. A novel long non-coding RNA regulates the integrin, ITGA2 in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 192:89-100. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06496-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Tadijan A, Humphries JD, Samaržija I, Stojanović N, Zha J, Čuljak K, Tomić M, Paradžik M, Nestić D, Kang H, Humphries MJ, Ambriović-Ristov A. The Tongue Squamous Carcinoma Cell Line Cal27 Primarily Employs Integrin α6β4-Containing Type II Hemidesmosomes for Adhesion Which Contribute to Anticancer Drug Sensitivity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:786758. [PMID: 34977030 PMCID: PMC8716755 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.786758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface glycoproteins used by cells to bind to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulate tumor cell proliferation, migration and survival. A causative relationship between integrin expression and resistance to anticancer drugs has been demonstrated in different tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Using a Cal27 tongue squamous cell carcinoma model, we have previously demonstrated that de novo expression of integrin αVβ3 confers resistance to several anticancer drugs (cisplatin, mitomycin C and doxorubicin) through a mechanism involving downregulation of active Src, increased cell migration and invasion. In the integrin αVβ3 expressing Cal27-derived cell clone 2B1, αVβ5 expression was also increased, but unrelated to drug resistance. To identify the integrin adhesion complex (IAC) components that contribute to the changes in Cal27 and 2B1 cell adhesion and anticancer drug resistance, we isolated IACs from both cell lines. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics analysis indicated that both cell lines preferentially, but not exclusively, use integrin α6β4, which is classically found in hemidesmosomes. The anticancer drug resistant cell clone 2B1 demonstrated an increased level of α6β4 accompanied with increased deposition of a laminin-332-containing ECM. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy demonstrated the formation of type II hemidesmosomes by both cell types. Furthermore, suppression of α6β4 expression in both lines conferred resistance to anticancer drugs through a mechanism independent of αVβ3, which implies that the cell clone 2B1 would have been even more resistant had the upregulation of α6β4 not occurred. Taken together, our results identify a key role for α6β4-containing type II hemidesmosomes in regulating anticancer drug sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tadijan
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Protein Dynamics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jonathan D. Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ivana Samaržija
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Stojanović
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Junzhe Zha
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina Čuljak
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Tomić
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mladen Paradžik
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Nestić
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Martin J. Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andreja Ambriović-Ristov
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Hou S, Wang J, Li W, Hao X, Hang Q. Roles of Integrins in Gastrointestinal Cancer Metastasis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:708779. [PMID: 34869579 PMCID: PMC8634653 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.708779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a large family of heterodimeric transmembrane receptors which mediate cell adhesion and transmit signals to the cell interior. The mechanistic roles of integrins have long been an enigma in cancer, given its complexity in regulating different cellular behaviors. Recently, however, increasing research is providing new insights into its function and the underlying mechanisms, which collectively include the influences of altered integrin expression on the aberrant signaling pathways and cancer progression. Many studies have also demonstrated the potentiality of integrins as therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. In this review, we have summarized these recent reports and put a particular emphasis on the dysregulated expression of integrins and how they regulate related signaling pathways to facilitate the metastatic progression of gastrointestinal cancer, including gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), which will address the crucial roles of integrins in gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin Hao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qinglei Hang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Hernandez SJ, Fote G, Reyes-Ortiz AM, Steffan JS, Thompson LM. Cooperation of cell adhesion and autophagy in the brain: Functional roles in development and neurodegenerative disease. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 12:100089. [PMID: 34786551 PMCID: PMC8579148 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2021.100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular adhesive connections directed by the extracellular matrix (ECM) and maintenance of cellular homeostasis by autophagy are seemingly disparate functions that are molecularly intertwined, each regulating the other. This is an emerging field in the brain where the interplay between adhesion and autophagy functions at the intersection of neuroprotection and neurodegeneration. The ECM and adhesion proteins regulate autophagic responses to direct protein clearance and guide regenerative programs that go awry in brain disorders. Concomitantly, autophagic flux acts to regulate adhesion dynamics to mediate neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity with functional disruption contributed by neurodegenerative disease. This review highlights the cooperative exchange between cellular adhesion and autophagy in the brain during health and disease. As the mechanistic alliance between adhesion and autophagy has been leveraged therapeutically for metastatic disease, understanding overlapping molecular functions that direct the interplay between adhesion and autophagy might uncover therapeutic strategies to correct or compensate for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Hernandez
- Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Gianna Fote
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Andrea M. Reyes-Ortiz
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Joan S. Steffan
- Psychaitry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Institute of Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Leslie M. Thompson
- Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Psychaitry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Institute of Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
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Kossatz S, Beer AJ, Notni J. It's Time to Shift the Paradigm: Translation and Clinical Application of Non-αvβ3 Integrin Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235958. [PMID: 34885066 PMCID: PMC8657165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer cells often present a different set of proteins on their surface than normal cells. This also applies to integrins, a class of 24 cell surface receptors which mainly are responsible for physically anchoring cells in tissues, but also fulfil a plethora of other functions. If a certain integrin is found on tumor cells but not on normal ones, radioactive molecules (named tracers) that specifically bind to this integrin will accumulate in the cancer lesion if injected into the blood stream. The emitted radiation can be detected from outside the body and allows for localization and thus, diagnosis, of cancer. Only one of the 24 integrins, the subtype αvβ3, has hitherto been thoroughly investigated in this context. We herein summarize the most recent, pertinent research on other integrins, and argue that some of these approaches might ultimately improve the clinical management of the most lethal cancers, such as pancreatic carcinoma. Abstract For almost the entire period of the last two decades, translational research in the area of integrin-targeting radiopharmaceuticals was strongly focused on the subtype αvβ3, owing to its expression on endothelial cells and its well-established role as a biomarker for, and promoter of, angiogenesis. Despite a large number of translated tracers and clinical studies, a clinical value of αvβ3-integrin imaging could not be defined yet. The focus of research has, thus, been moving slowly but steadily towards other integrin subtypes which are involved in a large variety of tumorigenic pathways. Peptidic and non-peptidic radioligands for the integrins α5β1, αvβ6, αvβ8, α6β1, α6β4, α3β1, α4β1, and αMβ2 were first synthesized and characterized preclinically. Some of these compounds, targeting the subtypes αvβ6, αvβ8, and α6β1/β4, were subsequently translated into humans during the last few years. αvβ6-Integrin has arguably attracted most attention because it is expressed by some of the cancers with the worst prognosis (above all, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma), which substantiates a clinical need for the respective theranostic agents. The receptor furthermore represents a biomarker for malignancy and invasiveness of carcinomas, as well as for fibrotic diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and probably even for Sars-CoV-2 (COVID-19) related syndromes. Accordingly, the largest number of recent first-in-human applications has been reported for radiolabeled compounds targeting αvβ6-integrin. The results indicate a substantial clinical value, which might lead to a paradigm change and trigger the replacement of αvβ3 by αvβ6 as the most popular integrin in theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Notni
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TRIMT GmbH, 01454 Radeberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4140-6075; Fax: +49-89-4140-6949
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Mia MS, Jarajapu Y, Rao R, Mathew S. Integrin β1 Promotes Pancreatic Tumor Growth by Upregulating Kindlin-2 and TGF-β Receptor-2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910599. [PMID: 34638957 PMCID: PMC8508632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in defining the growth and malignancy of solid tumors. Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as collagen, vitronectin, and fibronectin are major components of the tumor microenvironment. Tumor growth-promoting reciprocal interaction between ECM and cytoplasmic proteins is regulated by the cell surface receptors called integrins. This study investigated the mechanism by which integrin β1 promotes pancreatic tumor growth. In MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell line, the loss of integrin β1 protein reduced the ability of cells to proliferate in a 3D matrix and compromised the ability to form a focal adhesion complex. Decreased expression of integrin α5 was observed in KO cells, which resulted in impaired cell spreading and adhesion on vitronectin and fibronectin. Reduced expression of the integrin-associated protein, kindlin-2 was also recorded. The downregulation of kindlin-2 decreased the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 by reducing the expression of TGF-β receptor 2. These results unravel a new mechanism of integrin β1 in tumor growth by modifying the expression of kindlin-2 and TGF-β receptor 2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saimon Mia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA; (M.S.M.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yagna Jarajapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA; (M.S.M.); (Y.J.)
| | - Reena Rao
- Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Sijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA; (M.S.M.); (Y.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-701-231-8214
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Abstract
Thrombocytopoiesis is a complex process beginning at the level of hematopoietic stem cells, which ultimately generate megakaryocytes, large marrow cells with a distinctive morphology, and then, through a process of terminal maturation, megakaryocytes shed thousands of platelets into the circulation. This process is controlled by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Emerging data indicate that an important intrinsic control on the late stages of thrombopoiesis is exerted by integrins, a family of transmembrane receptors composed of one α and one β subunit. One β subunit expressed by megakaryocytes is the β1 integrin, the role of which in the regulation of platelet formation is beginning to be clarified. Here, we review recent data indicating that activation of β1 integrin by outside-in and inside-out signaling regulates the interaction of megakaryocytes with the endosteal niche, which triggers their maturation, while its inactivation by galactosylation determines the migration of these cells to the perivascular niche, where they complete their terminal maturation and release platelets in the bloodstream. Furthermore, β1 integrin mediates the activation of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), a protein produced by megakaryocytes that may act in an autocrine fashion to halt their maturation and affect the composition of their surrounding extracellular matrix. These findings suggest that β1 integrin could be a therapeutic target for inherited and acquired disorders of platelet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mazzarini
- Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater University Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Verachi
- Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater University Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martelli
- National Center for Preclinical and Clinical Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Drugs, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- University Campus Biomedico, Rome, Italy
- Myeloproliferative Neoplasm-Research Consortium, New York, NY, USA
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38
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Deshayes de Cambronne R, Fouet A, Picart A, Bourrel AS, Anjou C, Bouvier G, Candeias C, Bouaboud A, Costa L, Boulay AC, Cohen-Salmon M, Plu I, Rambaud C, Faurobert E, Albigès-Rizo C, Tazi A, Poyart C, Guignot J. CC17 group B Streptococcus exploits integrins for neonatal meningitis development. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:136737. [PMID: 33465054 DOI: 10.1172/jci136737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the major cause of human neonatal infections. A single clone, designated CC17-GBS, accounts for more than 80% of meningitis cases, the most severe form of the infection. However, the events allowing blood-borne GBS to penetrate the brain remain largely elusive. In this study, we identified the host transmembrane receptors α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins as the ligands of Srr2, a major CC17-GBS-specific adhesin. Two motifs located in the binding region of Srr2 were responsible for the interaction between CC17-GBS and these integrins. We demonstrated in a blood-brain-barrier cellular model that both integrins contributed to the adhesion and internalization of CC17-GBS. Strikingly, both integrins were overexpressed during the postnatal period in the brain vessels of the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and contributed to juvenile susceptibility to CC17 meningitis. Finally, blocking these integrins decreased the ability of CC17-GBS to cross into the CNS of juvenile mice in an in vivo model of meningitis. Our study demonstrated that CC17-GBS exploits integrins in order to cross the brain vessels, leading to meningitis. Importantly, it provides host molecular insights into neonate's susceptibility to CC17-GBS meningitis, thereby opening new perspectives for therapeutic and prevention strategies of GBS-elicited meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnès Fouet
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Picart
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Bourrel
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Cochin, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Cyril Anjou
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Bouvier
- Structural Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3528, C3BI, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Candeias
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Abdelouhab Bouaboud
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Costa
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Cécile Boulay
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS UMR7241, INSERM U1050, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Martine Cohen-Salmon
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS UMR7241, INSERM U1050, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Plu
- Sorbonne Université/Département de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière - Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Caroline Rambaud
- Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines (Université Paris-Saclay)/Service d'anatomie-pathologique et médecine légale, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - Eva Faurobert
- INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, France/Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Corinne Albigès-Rizo
- INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, France/Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Asmaa Tazi
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Cochin, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France.,Centre National de Référence des Streptocoques, France
| | - Claire Poyart
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Cochin, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France.,Centre National de Référence des Streptocoques, France
| | - Julie Guignot
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
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39
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Slack RJ, Macdonald SJF, Roper JA, Jenkins RG, Hatley RJD. Emerging therapeutic opportunities for integrin inhibitors. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 21:60-78. [PMID: 34535788 PMCID: PMC8446727 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are cell adhesion and signalling proteins crucial to a wide range of biological functions. Effective marketed treatments have successfully targeted integrins αIIbβ3, α4β7/α4β1 and αLβ2 for cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease/multiple sclerosis and dry eye disease, respectively. Yet, clinical development of others, notably within the RGD-binding subfamily of αv integrins, including αvβ3, have faced significant challenges in the fields of cancer, ophthalmology and osteoporosis. New inhibitors of the related integrins αvβ6 and αvβ1 have recently come to the fore and are being investigated clinically for the treatment of fibrotic diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The design of integrin drugs may now be at a turning point, with opportunities to learn from previous clinical trials, to explore new modalities and to incorporate new findings in pharmacological and structural biology. This Review intertwines research from biological, clinical and medicinal chemistry disciplines to discuss historical and current RGD-binding integrin drug discovery, with an emphasis on small-molecule inhibitors of the αv integrins. Integrins are key signalling molecules that are present on the surface of subsets of cells and are therefore good potential therapeutic targets. In this Review, Hatley and colleagues discuss the development of integrin inhibitors, particularly the challenges in developing inhibitors for integrins that contain an αv-subunit, and suggest how these challenges could be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - R G Jenkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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40
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Pearson JD, Huang K, Pacal M, McCurdy SR, Lu S, Aubry A, Yu T, Wadosky KM, Zhang L, Wang T, Gregorieff A, Ahmad M, Dimaras H, Langille E, Cole SPC, Monnier PP, Lok BH, Tsao MS, Akeno N, Schramek D, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Knudsen ES, Witkiewicz AK, Wrana JL, Goodrich DW, Bremner R. Binary pan-cancer classes with distinct vulnerabilities defined by pro- or anti-cancer YAP/TEAD activity. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:1115-1134.e12. [PMID: 34270926 PMCID: PMC8981970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer heterogeneity impacts therapeutic response, driving efforts to discover over-arching rules that supersede variability. Here, we define pan-cancer binary classes based on distinct expression of YAP and YAP-responsive adhesion regulators. Combining informatics with in vivo and in vitro gain- and loss-of-function studies across multiple murine and human tumor types, we show that opposite pro- or anti-cancer YAP activity functionally defines binary YAPon or YAPoff cancer classes that express or silence YAP, respectively. YAPoff solid cancers are neural/neuroendocrine and frequently RB1-/-, such as retinoblastoma, small cell lung cancer, and neuroendocrine prostate cancer. YAP silencing is intrinsic to the cell of origin, or acquired with lineage switching and drug resistance. The binary cancer groups exhibit distinct YAP-dependent adhesive behavior and pharmaceutical vulnerabilities, underscoring clinical relevance. Mechanistically, distinct YAP/TEAD enhancers in YAPoff or YAPon cancers deploy anti-cancer integrin or pro-cancer proliferative programs, respectively. YAP is thus pivotal across cancer, but in opposite ways, with therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Pearson
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Katherine Huang
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Marek Pacal
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Sean R McCurdy
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Suying Lu
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Arthur Aubry
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Tao Yu
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Kristine M Wadosky
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Letian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Alex Gregorieff
- Department of Pathology, McGill University and Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, ON H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Helen Dimaras
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada; The Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, Child Health Evaluative Sciences Program, and Center for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Division of Clinical Public Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Ellen Langille
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Susan P C Cole
- Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Philippe P Monnier
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, Vision Division, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Benjamin H Lok
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Nagako Akeno
- Division of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Daniel Schramek
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kathryn A Wikenheiser-Brokamp
- Division of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; The Perinatal Institute Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Erik S Knudsen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Agnieszka K Witkiewicz
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Wrana
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - David W Goodrich
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Rod Bremner
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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41
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Bugatti K. α V β 6 Integrin: An Intriguing Target for COVID-19 and Related Diseases. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2516-2520. [PMID: 34132013 PMCID: PMC8426704 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has been an extraordinary event that constituted a global health emergency. As the novel coronavirus is continuing to spread over the world, the need for therapeutic agents to control this pandemic is increasing. αV β6 Integrin may be an intriguing target not only for the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 entry, but also for the diagnosis/treatment of COVID-19 related fibrosis, an emerging type of fibrotic disease which will probably affect a significant part of the recovered patients. In this short article, the possible role of this integrin for fighting COVID-19 is discussed on the basis of recently published evidence, showing how its underestimated involvement may be interesting for the development of novel pharmacological tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Bugatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del FarmacoUniversità di ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 27A43124ParmaItaly
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42
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Co-evolution of matrisome and adaptive adhesion dynamics drives ovarian cancer chemoresistance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3904. [PMID: 34162871 PMCID: PMC8222388 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its dynamic nature, the evolution of cancer cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) crosstalk, critically affecting metastasis and treatment resistance, remains elusive. Our results show that platinum-chemotherapy itself enhances resistance by progressively changing the cancer cell-intrinsic adhesion signaling and cell-surrounding ECM. Examining ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) transcriptome and histology, we describe the fibrotic ECM heterogeneity at primary tumors and distinct metastatic sites, prior and after chemotherapy. Using cell models from systematic ECM screen to collagen-based 2D and 3D cultures, we demonstrate that both specific ECM substrates and stiffness increase resistance to platinum-mediated, apoptosis-inducing DNA damage via FAK and β1 integrin-pMLC-YAP signaling. Among such substrates around metastatic HGSCs, COL6 was upregulated by chemotherapy and enhanced the resistance of relapse, but not treatment-naïve, HGSC organoids. These results identify matrix adhesion as an adaptive response, driving HGSC aggressiveness via co-evolving ECM composition and sensing, suggesting stromal and tumor strategies for ECM pathway targeting.
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43
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Complement factor H protects tumor cell-derived exosomes from complement-dependent lysis and phagocytosis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252577. [PMID: 34133431 PMCID: PMC8208531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are mediators of normal intercellular communication, but exosomes are also used by tumor cells to promote oncogenesis and metastasis. Complement factor H (CFH) protects host cells from attack and destruction by the alternative pathway of complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Here we show that CFH can protect exosomes from complement-mediated lysis and phagocytosis. CFH was found to be associated with EVs from a variety of tumor cell lines as well as EVs isolated from the plasma of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Higher levels of CFH-containing EVs correlated with higher metastatic potential of cell lines. GT103, a previously described antibody to CFH that preferentially causes CDC of tumor cells, was used to probe the susceptibility of tumor cell-derived exosomes to destruction. Exosomes were purified from EVs using CD63 beads. Incubation of GT103 with tumor cell-derived exosomes triggered exosome lysis primarily by the classical complement pathway as well as antibody-dependent exosome phagocytosis by macrophages. These results imply that GT103-mediated exosome destruction can be triggered by antibody Fc-C1q interaction (in the case of lysis), and antibody-Fc receptor interactions (in the case of phagocytosis). Thus, this work demonstrates CFH is expressed on tumor cell derived exosomes, can protect them from complement lysis and phagocytosis, and that an anti-CFH antibody can be used to target tumor-derived exosomes for exosome destruction via innate immune mechanisms. These findings suggest that a therapeutic CFH antibody has the potential to inhibit tumor progression and reduce metastasis promoted by exosomes.
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Abstract
In this review, Shen and Kang provide an overview of the tumor-intrinsic and microenvironment- and treatment-induced stresses that tumor cells encounter in the metastatic cascade and the molecular pathways they develop to relieve these stresses. Metastasis is the ultimate “survival of the fittest” test for cancer cells, as only a small fraction of disseminated tumor cells can overcome the numerous hurdles they encounter during the transition from the site of origin to a distinctly different distant organ in the face of immune and therapeutic attacks and various other stresses. During cancer progression, tumor cells develop a variety of mechanisms to cope with the stresses they encounter, and acquire the ability to form metastases. Restraining these stress-releasing pathways could serve as potentially effective strategies to prevent or reduce metastasis and improve the survival of cancer patients. Here, we provide an overview of the tumor-intrinsic, microenvironment- and treatment-induced stresses that tumor cells encounter in the metastatic cascade and the molecular pathways they develop to relieve these stresses. We also summarize the preclinical and clinical studies that evaluate the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting these stress-relieving pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Shen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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45
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Tempest R, Guarnerio S, Maani R, Cooper J, Peake N. The Biological and Biomechanical Role of Transglutaminase-2 in the Tumour Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112788. [PMID: 34205140 PMCID: PMC8199963 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase-2 (TG2) is the most highly and ubiquitously expressed member of the transglutaminase enzyme family and is primarily involved in protein cross-linking. TG2 has been implicated in the development and progression of numerous cancers, with a direct role in multiple cellular processes and pathways linked to apoptosis, chemoresistance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and stem cell phenotype. The tumour microenvironment (TME) is critical in the formation, progression, and eventual metastasis of cancer, and increasing evidence points to a role for TG2 in matrix remodelling, modulation of biomechanical properties, cell adhesion, motility, and invasion. There is growing interest in targeting the TME therapeutically in response to advances in the understanding of its critical role in disease progression, and a number of approaches targeting biophysical properties and biomechanical signalling are beginning to show clinical promise. In this review we aim to highlight the wide array of processes in which TG2 influences the TME, focussing on its potential role in the dynamic tissue remodelling and biomechanical events increasingly linked to invasive and aggressive behaviour. Drug development efforts have yielded a range of TG2 inhibitors, and ongoing clinical trials may inform strategies for targeting the biomolecular and biomechanical function of TG2 in the TME.
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46
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Mezzomo TR, Martins CAF, da Silva Marcondes DB, Mischiatti KL, Weffort-Santos AM. Assessment of the Functional Activities of Casein Phosphopeptides on Circulating Blood Leukocytes. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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47
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Litvinov IV, Xie P, Gunn S, Sasseville D, Lefrançois P. The transcriptional landscape analysis of basal cell carcinomas reveals novel signalling pathways and actionable targets. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/7/e202000651. [PMID: 33972406 PMCID: PMC8200290 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer and human malignancy. By analyzing BCC RNA sequencing data according to clinically important features, we identified novel differentially regulated genes and new targetable pathways. Several biomarkers were validated in patient-derived BCC samples. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer and human malignancy. Although most BCCs are easily managed, some are aggressive locally, require Mohs micrographic surgery, or can even metastasize. In the latter, resistance to Sonic Hedgehog inhibitors may occur. Despite their frequent occurrence in clinical practice, their transcriptional landscape remains poorly understood. By analyzing BCC RNA sequencing data according to clinically important features (all BCCs versus normal skin, high-risk versus low-risk BCCs based solely on histopathological subtypes with aggressive features, advanced versus non-advanced BCCs, and vismodegib-resistant versus vismodegib-sensitive tumors), we have identified novel differentially regulated genes and new targetable pathways implicated in BCC tumorigenesis. Pathways as diverse as IL-17, TLR, Akt/PI3K, cadherins, integrins, PDGF, and Wnt/β-catenin are promising therapeutic avenues for local and systemic agents in managing this common malignancy, including through drug re-purposing of existing medications. We experimentally validated several of these targets as biomarkers in our patient-derived cohort of primary BCC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pingxing Xie
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Scott Gunn
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Philippe Lefrançois
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Sauer S, Reed DR, Ihnat M, Hurst RE, Warshawsky D, Barkan D. Innovative Approaches in the Battle Against Cancer Recurrence: Novel Strategies to Combat Dormant Disseminated Tumor Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:659963. [PMID: 33987095 PMCID: PMC8111294 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.659963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer recurrence remains a great fear for many cancer survivors following their initial, apparently successful, therapy. Despite significant improvement in the overall survival of many types of cancer, metastasis accounts for ~90% of all cancer mortality. There is a growing understanding that future therapeutic practices must accommodate this unmet medical need in preventing metastatic recurrence. Accumulating evidence supports dormant disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) as a source of cancer recurrence and recognizes the need for novel strategies to target these tumor cells. This review presents strategies to target dormant quiescent DTCs that reside at secondary sites. These strategies aim to prevent recurrence by maintaining dormant DTCs at bay, or eradicating them. Various approaches are presented, including: reinforcing the niche where dormant DTCs reside in order to keep dormant DTCs at bay; promoting cell intrinsic mechanisms to induce dormancy; preventing the engagement of dormant DTCs with their supportive niche in order to prevent their reactivation; targeting cell-intrinsic mechanisms mediating long-term survival of dormant DTCs; sensitizing dormant DTCs to chemotherapy treatments; and, inhibiting the immune evasion of dormant DTCs, leading to their demise. Various therapeutic approaches, some of which utilize drugs that are already approved, or have been tested in clinical trials and may be considered for repurposing, will be discussed. In addition, clinical evidence for the presence of dormant DTCs will be reviewed, along with potential prognostic biomarkers to enable the identification and stratification of patients who are at high risk of recurrence, and who could benefit from novel dormant DTCs targeting therapies. Finally, we will address the shortcomings of current trial designs for determining activity against dormant DTCs and provide novel approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Sauer
- Vuja De Sciences Inc., Hoboken, NJ, United States
| | - Damon R Reed
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.,Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.,Adolescent and Young Adult Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Michael Ihnat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | | | | | - Dalit Barkan
- Department of Human Biology and Medical Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Bota-Rabassedas N, Banerjee P, Niu Y, Cao W, Luo J, Xi Y, Tan X, Sheng K, Ahn YH, Lee S, Parra ER, Rodriguez-Canales J, Albritton J, Weiger M, Liu X, Guo HF, Yu J, Rodriguez BL, Firestone JJA, Mino B, Creighton CJ, Solis LM, Villalobos P, Raso MG, Sazer DW, Gibbons DL, Russell WK, Longmore GD, Wistuba II, Wang J, Chapman HA, Miller JS, Zong C, Kurie JM. Contextual cues from cancer cells govern cancer-associated fibroblast heterogeneity. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109009. [PMID: 33882319 PMCID: PMC8142261 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells function as primary architects of the tumor microenvironment. However, the molecular features of cancer cells that govern stromal cell phenotypes remain unclear. Here, we show that cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) heterogeneity is driven by lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells at either end of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) spectrum. LUAD cells that have high expression of the EMT-activating transcription factor ZEB1 reprogram CAFs through a ZEB1-dependent secretory program and direct CAFs to the tips of invasive projections through a ZEB1-driven CAF repulsion process. The EMT, in turn, sensitizes LUAD cells to pro-metastatic signals from CAFs. Thus, CAFs respond to contextual cues from LUAD cells to promote metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Bota-Rabassedas
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priyam Banerjee
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yichi Niu
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenjian Cao
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiayi Luo
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuanxin Xi
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaochao Tan
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kuanwei Sheng
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Young-Ho Ahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Sieun Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Edwin Roger Parra
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaime Rodriguez-Canales
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacob Albritton
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Michael Weiger
- Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hou-Fu Guo
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiang Yu
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B Leticia Rodriguez
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Barbara Mino
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Dan L Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luisa M Solis
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pamela Villalobos
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel W Sazer
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William K Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gregory D Longmore
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Harold A Chapman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco Cardiovascular Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jordan S Miller
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Chenghang Zong
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- Departments of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Shao J, Liang R, Ding D, Zheng X, Zhu X, Hu S, Wei H, Wei B. A Smart Multifunctional Nanoparticle for Enhanced Near-Infrared Image-Guided Photothermal Therapy Against Gastric Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2897-2915. [PMID: 33907399 PMCID: PMC8064686 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s289310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery is considered to be a potentially curative approach for gastric cancer. However, most cases are diagnosed at a very advanced stage for the lack of typical symptoms in the initial stage, which makes it difficult to completely surgical resect of tumors. Early diagnosis and precise personalized intervention are urgent issues to be solved for improving the prognosis of gastric cancer. Herein, we developed an RGD-modified ROS-responsive multifunctional nanosystem for near-infrared (NIR) imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT) against gastric cancer. METHODS Firstly, the amphiphilic polymer was synthesized by bromination reaction and nucleophilic substitution reaction of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) and 4-hydroxymethyl-pinacol phenylborate (BAPE). Then, it was used to encapsulate indocyanine green (ICG) and modified with RGD to form a smart multifunctional nanoparticle targeted to gastric cancer (CMCh-BAPE-RGD@ICG). The characteristics were determined, and the targeting capacity and biosafety were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, CMCh-BAPE-RGD@ICG mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) effect was studied using gastric cancer cells (SGC7901) and SGC7901 tumor model. RESULTS The nanoparticle exhibited suitable size (≈ 120 nm), improved aqueous stability, ROS-responsive drug release, excellent photothermal conversion efficiency, enhanced cellular uptake, and targeting capacity to tumors. Remarkably, in vivo studies suggested that CMCh-BAPE-RGD@ICG could accurately illustrate the location and margin of the SGC7901 tumor through NIR imaging in comparison with non-targeted nanoparticles. Moreover, the antitumor activity of CMCh-BAPE-RGD@ICG-mediated PTT could effectively suppress tumor growth by inducing necrosis and apoptosis in cancer cells. Additionally, CMCh-BAPE-RGD@ICG demonstrated excellent biosafety both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Overall, our study provides a biocompatible theranostic nanoparticle with enhanced tumor-targeting ability and accumulation to realize NIR image-guided PTT in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongpu Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongbing Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengxue Hu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
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