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Wei Z, Shen Y, Wang X, Song Y, Guo J. Recent advances of doping strategy for boosting the electrocatalytic performance of two-dimensional noble metal nanosheets. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:402003. [PMID: 38986444 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad6162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Benefiting from the ultrahigh specific surface areas, massive exposed surface atoms, and highly tunable microstructures, the two-dimensional (2D) noble metal nanosheets (NSs) have presented promising performance for various electrocatalytic reactions. Nevertheless, the heteroatom doping strategy, and in particular, the electronic structure tuning mechanisms of the 2D noble metal catalysts (NMCs) yet remain ambiguous. Herein, we first review several effective strategies for modulating the electrocatalytic performance of 2D NMCs. Then, the electronic tuning effect of hetero-dopants for boosting the electrocatalytic properties of 2D NMCs is systematically discussed. Finally, we put forward current challenges in the field of 2D NMCs, and propose possible solutions, particularly from the perspective of the evolution of electron microscopy. This review attempts to establish an intrinsic correlation between the electronic structures and the catalytic properties, so as to provide a guideline for designing high-performance electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Song
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China
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2
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Kumar G, Dey RS. Coordination Engineering of Dual Co, Ni Active Sites in N-Doped Carbon Fostering Reversible Oxygen Electrocatalysis. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13519-13529. [PMID: 37562977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of affordable and non-noble-metal-based reversible oxygen electrocatalysts is required for renewable energy conversion and storage systems like metal-air batteries (MABs). However, the nonbifunctionality of most of the catalysts impedes their use in rechargeable MAB applications. Moreover, the loss of active sites also affects the long-term performance of the electrocatalyst toward oxygen electrocatalysis. In this work, we report a simplistic yet controllable chemical approach for the synthesis of dual transitional metals such as cobalt, nickel, and nitrogen-doped carbon (CoNi-NC) as bifunctional electrode materials for rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). The spatially isolated Ni-N4 and Co-N4 active units were rendered for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. The individual efficacy of both reversible reactions enables an ΔE value of ∼0.72 V, which outperforms several bifunctional electrocatalysts reported in the literature. The half-wave potential (E1/2) and overpotential were achieved at 0.83 V and 330 mV (vs RHE) for ORR and OER, respectively. The peak power density of ZAB equipped with the CoNi-NC catalyst was calculated to be 194 mW cm-2. The present strategy for the synthesis of bifunctional electrocatalysts with dual active sites offers prospects for developing electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greesh Kumar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Ramendra Sundar Dey
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
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3
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Liu Y, Mou X, Yu S, Zhang C, Chen J. Mechanisms of the Higher Catalytic Activity of Polymer Forms over Complexes for Non-pyrolytic Mono-1,10-phenanthroline-Coordinated Cu 2+ (Cu-N 2 Type) in an Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37433112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we have thoroughly investigated the ORR mechanism of non-pyrolytic mono-1,10-phenanthroline-coordinated Cu2+ (Cu-N2 type) complexes and polymers by molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics calculation. In contrast to the complex-catalyzed ORR, which follows a direct four-electron pathway along intermediates of Cu(I)-Phen, the polymer-catalyzed ORR follows an indirect four-electron pathway by intermediates of Cu(II)-Phen. By analyzing the structure, spin population, electrostatic potential (ESP), and density of states, we confirmed that the higher ORR catalytic activity of the polymer is due to the conjugation effect of coplanar phenanthroline and Cu(II) in the planar reactants or at the base of the square-pyramidal intermediates. The conjugation effect allows the highest ESP to be located near the active center Cu(II), while the lower ESPs are distributed on the phenanthroline, which is very favorable for the reduction current. This will serve as a theoretical foundation for the development of new highly efficient ORR non-pyrolytic CuN2 polymer catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoze Liu
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinxing Mou
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengping Yu
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunchun Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P.R. China
| | - Junxian Chen
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Zhang L, Yuan J, Xu Q, Zhang F, Sun Q, Xie H. Noble-metal-free co-N-C catalyst derived from cellulose-based poly(ionic liquid)s for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125110. [PMID: 37257539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Noble-Metal-Free nitrogen-doped carbon-based materials are promising electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), yet it remains a great challenge to construct efficient porous non-noble metal nitrogen-doped carbon (M-N-C) catalysts with uniform distribution, due to the easy aggregation of metals. Herein, we reported the synthesis and assessment of a novel and efficient noble-metal-free catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) from pyrolysis of a cobalt-containing cellulosic poly(ionic liquid) (Co-N-C). The prepared Co-N-C catalyst possesses high surface area, hierarchical porous structure, well-dispersed Co nanoparticles and large amounts of low-coordinated Co active sites. Especially, the Co-N-C-850 sample exhibits a high ORR activity (Eonset = 0.827 V, E1/2 = 0.74 V) that can rival 20 wt% commercial Pt/C (Eonset = 0.833 V, E1/2 = 0.71 V) in alkaline media. Moreover, the Co-N-C-850 sample also shows excellent anti-methanol poisoning activity and long-term stability toward ORR compared with commercial Pt/C. Our study provides a promising avenue both for the development of non-noble M-N-C catalysts for fuel cells and functional utilization of cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Jili Yuan
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
| | - Fazhi Zhang
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Haibo Xie
- Department of New Energy Science & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
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Ye Q, Li M, Hou S, Deng Y, Luo J, Tian X. Zinc- motivated Fe/Fe 5C 2/Fe 1-xS@Fe-N-C active sites grown on N-doped porous carbon toward efficient oxygen reduction reaction in zinc-air batteries. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2684-2692. [PMID: 36745451 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03699a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient non-precious metal oxygen reduction reaction catalysts to replace Pt-based catalysts is of great significance to accelerate the commercial application of fuel cells. In this study, a hierarchical porous carbon oxygen reduction reaction catalyst with Fe/Fe5C2/Fe1-xS@Fe-N-C active sites was developed via a simple and efficient solid-phase synthesis method. The introduction of zinc inhibited the growth and agglomeration of the nanoparticles and induced the formation of active nitrogen species and porosity, thus boosting the catalytic activity. The optimal FeZn-N-C-1 catalyst exhibited a high half-wave potential of 0.846 V, which is 24 mV higher than that of the commercial Pt/C, with a 4-e- reaction path under alkaline conditions. When the FeZn-N-C-1 catalyst is employed as a cathode in a zinc-air battery, it achieves a high open circuit voltage of 1.54 V, power density of 143.6 mW cm-2 and specific capacity of 804 mA h g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Ye
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Mengwei Li
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Sanying Hou
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yijie Deng
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Junming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xinlong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Son DK, Bae S, Nithya Jeghan SM, Lee G. N,S-co-doped FeCo Nanoparticles Supported on Porous Carbon Nanofibers as Efficient and Durable Oxygen Reduction Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202201528. [PMID: 36305311 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Finding high-performance, low-cost, efficient catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) is essential for sustainable energy conversion systems. Herein, highly efficient and durable iron (Fe) and cobalt (Co)-supported nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) co-doped three-dimensional carbon nanofibers (FeCo-N, S@CNFs) were synthesized via electrospinning followed by carbonization. The as-prepared FeCo-N,S@CNFs served as efficient ORR catalysts in alkaline 0.1 m KOH solutions that were N2 and O2 -saturated. The experimental results revealed that FeCo-N,S@CNFs were highly active ORR catalysts with defect-rich active pyridinic N and pyrrolic N and metal bonds to N and S atom sites, which enhanced the ORR activity. FeCo-N,S@CNFs exhibited a high onset potential (Eonset =0.89 V) and half-wave potential (E1/2 =0.85 V), similar to the electrocatalytic activity of commercial Pt/C. Additionally, the durability of the as-prepared FeCo-N,S@CNFs catalysts was maintained for 14 h with long-term stability and high tolerance to methanol stability, accounting for their excellent catalytic ability. Furthermore, Co-N@CNFs, Fe-N@CNFs, and varying Fe and Co ratios were compared with those of FeCo-N,S@CNFs. Synergistic interactions between metals and heteroatoms were believed to play a significant role in enhancing the ORR activity. Owing to their excellent catalytic reduction ability, the as-prepared FeCo-N,S@CNFs can be widely used in battery-based systems and replace commercial Pt/C in fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kyu Son
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 38541, Gyeongsan (Republic of, Korea
| | - Sooan Bae
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 61005, Gwangju (Republic of, Korea
| | - Shrine Maria Nithya Jeghan
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 38541, Gyeongsan (Republic of, Korea
| | - Gibaek Lee
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab., School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 38541, Gyeongsan (Republic of, Korea
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An Iron-Doped Calcium Titanate Cocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important challenge in the development and large-scale distribution of energy conversion devices, especially low-temperature proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. In order to speed up the ORR kinetics and improve fuel cell performance, iron-doped calcium titanate (CTFO) is proposed as a cocatalyst. Fundamental physical and chemical characterizations by means of X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and morphological and thermal analyses for the understanding of the functional features of the proposed materials were carried out. Composite catalysts containing different amounts of CTFO additive with respect to platinum (i.e., Pt:CTFO 1:0.5 and 1:1 wt:wt) were studied using a rotating disk electrode (RDE). Fuel cell tests were performed at 80 °C under 30% and 80% relative humidity. The best Pt:CTFO composite catalyst was compared to a bare Pt/C and a Pt/C:CaTiO3−δ 1:1 catalyst, revealing superior performances of the latter at high relative humidity fuel cell operation, as a combined result of an optimized electrolyte-electrode interface and improved ORR kinetics due to the inorganic additive.
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8
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Chu C, Tang J, Zhao Z, Kong Y, Shen X. Fe Ions-Doped TiO 2 Aerogels as Catalysts of Oxygen Reduction Reactions in Alkaline Solutions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8380. [PMID: 36499876 PMCID: PMC9739684 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aerogels have interconnected networks and preeminent pore structures. When used as the catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), they can facilitate the mass transfer and expose more active sites. Here, we synthesized the Fe-doped titanium oxide-based aerogels (TA/Fes) by the sol-gel method combined with thermal treatment. The specific surface areas of the TA/Fes ranged from 475 to 774 m2·g-1, and the pore volumes varied from 0.96 to 1.72 cm3·g-1. The doping effect of the Fe ions and the oxygen vacancies in anatase enhance the electrical conductivity, leading to the low Rct (313.3-828.2 Ω). All samples showed excellent stability (2.0-4.5 mV) and 4e- pathway. The limiting current density of TA/Fe3 reached 5.34 mA·cm-2, which was comparable to that of commercial Pt/C. The preparation method is inspiring and the as-prepared aerogel catalysts have potential in promoting the scale of fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinqiong Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yong Kong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaodong Shen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing 210009, China
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9
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Sha W, Song Y, Liu P, Liu R, Hou Y, Wei H, Xu B, Cao T, Guo J. N-doped graphene nanoribbons intertwined on 3D graphene skeleton as superior metal-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Peera SG, Liu C. Unconventional and scalable synthesis of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for practical proton exchange membrane and alkaline fuel cells: A solid-state co-ordination synthesis approach. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Østrøm I, Hossain MA, Burr PA, Hart JN, Hoex B. Designing 3d metal oxides: selecting optimal density functionals for strongly correlated materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14119-14139. [PMID: 35593423 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01303g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal oxides (TMOs) have remarkable physicochemical properties, are non-toxic, and have low cost and high annual production, thus they are commonly studied for various technological applications. Density functional theory (DFT) can help to optimize TMO materials by providing insights into their electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties, and hence into their structure-performance relationships, over a wide range of solid-state structures and compositions. However, this is underpinned by the choice of the exchange-correlation (XC) functional, which is critical to accurately describe the highly localized and correlated 3d-electrons of the transition metals in TMOs. This tutorial review presents a benchmark study of density functionals (DFs), ranging from generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to range-separated hybrids (RSH), with the all-electron def2-TZVP basis set, comparing magneto-electro-optical properties of 3d TMOs against experimental observations. The performance of the DFs is assessed by analyzing the band structure, density of states, magnetic moment, structural static and dynamic parameters, optical properties, spin contamination and computational cost. The results disclose the strengths and weaknesses of the XC functionals, in terms of accuracy, and computational efficiency, suggesting the unprecedented PBE0-1/5 as the best candidate. The findings of this work contribute to necessary developments of XC functionals for periodic systems, and materials science modelling studies, particularly informing how to select the optimal XC functional to obtain the most trustworthy description of the ground-state electron structure of 3d TMOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Østrøm
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, UNSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Md Anower Hossain
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, UNSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Patrick A Burr
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Judy N Hart
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, UNSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Bram Hoex
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, UNSW, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
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12
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Influence of Magnetic Moment on Single Atom Catalytic Activation Energy Barriers. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDesign of the molecular environment of single atom catalysts (SAC) is promising for achieving high catalytic activity without expensive and scarce platinum-group metals (PGM). We utilize a first principles approach to examine how the spin state of the SAC and reactants can affect catalytic energy barriers of V, Fe, Mo, and Ta on two different graphene defects with differing magnetic moments. Spin polarized projected density of states and climbing image nudged elastic band calculations demonstrate relatively lower activation energy barriers for systems with higher spin state asymmetry near the Fermi energy; CO oxidation on Ta and V SAC have decreases in activation barrier energies of 27% and 44%, respectively.
Graphic Abstract
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13
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Cheng YW, Hsieh TH, Huang YC, Tseng PH, Wang YZ, Ho KS, Huang YJ. Calcined Co(II)-Chelated Polyazomethine as Cathode Catalyst of Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091784. [PMID: 35566952 PMCID: PMC9101812 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyazomethine (PAM) prepared from the polycondensation between p-phenylene diamine (PDA) and p-terephthalaldehyde (PTAl) via Schiff reaction can physically crosslink (complex) with Co ions. Co-complexed PAM (Co-PAM) in the form of gel is calcined to become a Co, N-co-doped carbonaceous matrix (Co-N-C), acting as cathode catalyst of an anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC). The obtained Co-N-C catalyst demonstrates a single-atom structure with active Co centers seen under the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The Co-N-C catalysts are also characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, BET, and Raman spectroscopy. The Co-N-C catalysts demonstrate oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in the KOH(aq) by expressing an onset potential of 1.19–1.37 V vs. RHE, a half wave potential of 0.70–0.92 V, a Tafel slope of 61–89 mV/dec., and number of exchange electrons of 2.48–3.79. Significant ORR peaks appear in the current–voltage (CV) polarization curves for the Co-N-C catalysts that experience two-stage calcination higher than 900 °C, followed by double acid leaching (CoNC-1000A-900A). The reduction current of CoNC-1000A-900A is comparable to that of commercial Pt-implanted carbon (Pt/C), and the max power density of the single cell using CoNC-1000A-900A as cathode catalyst reaches 275 mW cm−2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan;
| | - Tar-Hwa Hsieh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-J.H.)
| | - Yu-Chang Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-J.H.)
| | - Po-Hao Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Zen Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yu-Lin University of Science & Technology, 123, Sec. 3, University Road, Dou-Liu City, Yun-Lin 64301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-Z.W.); (K.-S.H.)
| | - Ko-Shan Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-J.H.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-Z.W.); (K.-S.H.)
| | - Yue-Jie Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 415, Chien-Kuo Road, Kaohsiung 80782, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-J.H.)
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14
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Wei W, Tang H, Dong S, Fu Y, Huang T. A novel pomegranate-inspired bifunctional electrode materials design for acetylcholinesterase biosensor and methanol oxidation reaction. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 145:108094. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Braun T, Dinda S, Pammer F, Fichtner M. Time Resolved Measurements of pH in Aqueous Magnesium‐Air Batteries during Discharge and Its Impact for Future Applications. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Braun
- Solid-State Chemistry Helmholtz Institute Ulm Helmholtzstraße 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Sirshendu Dinda
- Solid-State Chemistry Helmholtz Institute Ulm Helmholtzstraße 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Frank Pammer
- Solid-State Chemistry Helmholtz Institute Ulm Helmholtzstraße 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Maximilian Fichtner
- Solid-State Chemistry Helmholtz Institute Ulm Helmholtzstraße 11 89081 Ulm Germany
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16
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Castelo-Quibén J, Bailón-García E, Moral-Rodríguez AI, Carrasco-Marín F, Pérez-Cadenas AF. Recycling and valorization of LDPE: direct transformation into highly ordered doped-carbon materials and their application as electro-catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02082j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A transformation of LDPE in highly ordered doped-carbon materials by a simple one-step pyrolysis in presence of transition metal precursors is proposed. The graphitization, metal dispersion and CNFs presence are key factors for the high ORR performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Castelo-Quibén
- Carbon Materials Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - E. Bailón-García
- Carbon Materials Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - A. I. Moral-Rodríguez
- Carbon Materials Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - F. Carrasco-Marín
- Carbon Materials Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - A. F. Pérez-Cadenas
- Carbon Materials Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
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17
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Abstract
Fuel cells are a promising alternative to non-renewable energy production industries such as petroleum and natural gas. The cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which makes fuel cell technology possible, is sluggish under normal conditions. Thus, catalysts must be used to allow fuel cells to operate efficiently. Traditionally, platinum (Pt) catalysts are often utilized as they exhibit a highly efficient ORR with low overpotential values. However, Pt is an expensive and precious metal, posing economic problems for commercialization. Herein, advances in carbon-based catalysts are reviewed for their application in ORRs due to their abundance and low-cost syntheses. Various synthetic methods from different renewable sources are presented, and their catalytic properties are compared. Likewise, the effects of heteroatom and non-precious metal doping, surface area, and porosity on their performance are investigated. Carbon-based support materials are discussed in relation to their physical properties and the subsequent effect on Pt ORR performance. Lastly, advances in fuel cell electrolytes for various fuel cell types are presented. This review aims to provide valuable insight into current challenges in fuel cell performance and how they can be overcome using carbon-based materials and next generation electrolytes.
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Chandran M, Palanisamy K, Benson D, Sundaram S. A Review on Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicle Anatomy, Technology Evolution and Policy Drivers towards EVs and FCEVs Market Propagation. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100235. [PMID: 34796621 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The transportation sector is the largest consumer of fossil fuels; making it a major producer of greenhouse gases. Due to declining fossil fuel reserves and increasingly stringent vehicle emission regulations globally, it is essential to shift to alternative energy sources. Economic and eco-friendly fuel-efficient hybrid, electric, and fuel cell vehicles are regarded as one of the best alternative solutions to cope with the government policies and to reduce the rise in global temperature caused by the automotive sector. Technological advancements in fuel cells, batteries, and chargers have further supported the development of electric vehicles. The major challenges of range and charging time in electric vehicles can be countered by range extension technology and developing all-electric hybrid vehicles. In this review, a comprehensive study of different type of vehicles and their architectures are presented. Insights on energy storage devices and converters of electric vehicles currently in use were also provided. Furthermore, various fuel cell advancements and the technical challenges faced during the commercialization of fuel cell vehicles were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathan Chandran
- Fuel Cell Energy Systems Lab, Department of Automobile Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India -, 641004
| | - Karthikeyan Palanisamy
- Fuel Cell Energy Systems Lab, Department of Automobile Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India -, 641004
| | - David Benson
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Senthilarasu Sundaram
- Electrical & Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH10 5DT, UK
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19
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Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells: A Brief Review. ELECTROCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem2040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This mini-review presents a short account of materials with exceptional activity towards oxygen reduction reaction. Two main classes of catalytic materials are described, namely platinum group metal (PGM) catalyst and Non-precious metal catalyst. The classes are discussed in terms of possible application in low-temperature hydrogen fuel cells with proton exchange membrane and further commercialization of these devices. A short description of perspective approaches is provided and challenging issues associated with developed catalytic materials are discussed.
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20
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Tellez-Cruz MM, Escorihuela J, Solorza-Feria O, Compañ V. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3064. [PMID: 34577965 PMCID: PMC8468942 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the electrochemical catalyst conversion of renewable electricity and carbon oxides into chemical fuels attracts a great deal of attention by different researchers. The main role of this process is in mitigating the worldwide energy crisis through a closed technological carbon cycle, where chemical fuels, such as hydrogen, are stored and reconverted to electricity via electrochemical reaction processes in fuel cells. The scientific community focuses its efforts on the development of high-performance polymeric membranes together with nanomaterials with high catalytic activity and stability in order to reduce the platinum group metal applied as a cathode to build stacks of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to work at low and moderate temperatures. The design of new conductive membranes and nanoparticles (NPs) whose morphology directly affects their catalytic properties is of utmost importance. Nanoparticle morphologies, like cubes, octahedrons, icosahedrons, bipyramids, plates, and polyhedrons, among others, are widely studied for catalysis applications. The recent progress around the high catalytic activity has focused on the stabilizing agents and their potential impact on nanomaterial synthesis to induce changes in the morphology of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M. Tellez-Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (M.M.T.-C.); (O.S.-F.)
| | - Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Omar Solorza-Feria
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (M.M.T.-C.); (O.S.-F.)
| | - Vicente Compañ
- Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada (ETSII), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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21
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Facile and scalable ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition-assisted synthesis of layered silver selenide (β-Ag2Se) on Ag foil as a possible oxygen reduction catalyst in alkaline medium. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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22
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Mechanochemically Synthetized PAN-Based Co-N-Doped Carbon Materials as Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020290. [PMID: 33499395 PMCID: PMC7911492 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report a new class of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based Co-N-doped carbon materials that can act as suitable catalyst for oxygen evolution reactions (OER). Different Co loadings were mechanochemically added into post-consumed PAN fibers. Subsequently, the samples were treated at 300 °C under air (PAN-A) or nitrogen (PAN-N) atmosphere to promote simultaneously the Co3O4 species and PAN cyclization. The resulting electrocatalysts were fully characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission (TEM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies, as well as nitrogen porosimetry. The catalytic performance of the Co-N-doped carbon nanomaterials were tested for OER in alkaline environments. Cobalt-doped PAN-A samples showed worse OER electrocatalytic performance than their homologous PAN-N ones. The PAN-N/3% Co catalyst exhibited the lowest OER overpotential (460 mV) among all the Co-N-doped carbon nanocomposites, reaching 10 mA/cm2. This work provides in-depth insights on the electrocatalytic performance of metal-doped carbon nanomaterials for OER.
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23
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Park J, Kim BH, Kim M, Mun J, Lee CY. Efficient Fe–Nx/C electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction derived from porphyrin-encapsulated zeolitic imidazolate frameworks. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00102g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-supported porphyrin-encapsulated and -functionalized zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) were pyrolyzed to afford an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwon Park
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 22012
- Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hoon Kim
- Department of Physics and Research Institute of Basic Science
- Incheon National University
- Incheon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeon Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 22012
- Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Mun
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 22012
- Republic of Korea
- Innovation Center for Chemical Engineering
| | - Chang Yeon Lee
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 22012
- Republic of Korea
- Innovation Center for Chemical Engineering
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24
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N8− Polynitrogen Stabilized on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, non-traditional metal-free polynitrogen chain N8− deposited on a nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (PN-NCNT) catalyst was successfully synthesized by a facile cyclic voltammetry (CV) approach, which was further tested in an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The formation of PN on NCNT was confirmed by attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Partial positive charge of carbon within NCNT facilitated electron transfer and accordingly induced the formation of more PN species compared to CNT substrate as determined by temperature-programmed decomposition (TPD). Rotating disk electrode (RDE) measurements suggested that a higher current density was achieved over PN-NCNT than that on PN-CNT catalyst, which can be attributed to formation of the larger amount of N8− on NCNT. Kinetic study suggested a four-electron pathway mechanism over PN-NCNT. Moreover, it showed long stability and good methanol tolerance, which indicates its great potential application. This work provides insights on designing and synthesizing non-traditional metal-free catalysts for ORR in fuel cells.
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