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Davidraj JM, Sathish CI, Selvarajan P, Fawaz M, Perumalsamy V, Yu X, Breese MBH, Yi J, Vinu A. Aminotriazine derived N-doped mesoporous carbon with a tunable nitrogen content and their improved oxygen reduction reaction performance. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:16439-16450. [PMID: 39115411 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02425g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic activity of carbon materials is highly dependent on the controlled modulation of their composition and porosity. Herein, mesoporous N-doped carbon with different amounts of nitrogen was synthesized through a unique strategy of using a high nitrogen containing CN precursor, 3-amino 1,2,4 triazine (3-ATZ) which is generally used for the preparation of carbon nitrides, integrated with the combination of a templating method and high temperature treatment. The nitrogen content and the graphitisation of the prepared materials were finely tuned with the simple adjustment of the carbonisation temperature (800-1100 °C). The optimised sample as an electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) exhibited an onset potential of 0.87 V vs. RHE with a current density of 5.1 mA cm-2 and a high kinetic current density (Jk) of 33.1 mA cm-2 at 0.55 V vs. RHE. The characterisation results of the prepared materials indicated that pyridinic and graphitic nitrogen in the carbon framework promoted ORR activity with improved four-electron selectivity and excellent methanol tolerance and stability. DFT calculations demonstrated that the structural and planar defects in the N-doped carbon regulated the surface electronic properties of the electrocatalyst, leading to a reduction in the energy barrier for the ORR activity. This strategy has the potential to unlock a platform for designing a series of catalysts for electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefrin M Davidraj
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
| | - C I Sathish
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
| | - Premkumar Selvarajan
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Mohammed Fawaz
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
| | - Vibin Perumalsamy
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
| | - Xiaojiang Yu
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Mark B H Breese
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
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Villora-Picó JJ, Gil-Muñoz G, Sepúlveda-Escribano A, Pastor-Blas MM. The Facile Production of p-Chloroaniline Facilitated by an Efficient and Chemoselective Metal-Free N/S Co-Doped Carbon Catalyst. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9603. [PMID: 39273549 PMCID: PMC11395487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The catalytic hydrogenation of the toxic and harmful p-chloronitrobenzene to produce the value-added p-chloroaniline is an essential reaction for the sustainable chemical industry. Nevertheless, ensuring satisfactory control of its chemoselectivity is a great challenge. In this work, a N/S co-doped metal-free carbon catalyst has been fabricated by using cysteine as a source of C, N, and S. The presence of calcium citrate (porogen agent) in the mixture subjected to pyrolysis provided the carbon with porosity, which permitted us to overcome the issues associated with the loss of heteroatoms during an otherwise necessary activation thermal treatment. Full characterization was carried out and the catalytic performance of the metal-free carbon material was tested in the hydrogenation reaction of p-chloronitrobenzene to selectively produce p-chloroaniline. Full selectivity was obtained but conversion was highly dependent on the introduction of S due to the synergetic effect of S and N heteroatoms. The N/S co-doped carbon (CYSCIT) exhibits a mesoporous architecture which favors mass transfer and a higher doping level, with more exposed N and S doping atoms which act as catalytic sites for the hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene, resulting in enhanced catalytic performance when compared to the N-doped carbon obtained from melamine and calcium citrate (MELCIT) used as a reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-José Villora-Picó
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University Materials Institute of Alicante, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Gema Gil-Muñoz
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University Materials Institute of Alicante, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Antonio Sepúlveda-Escribano
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University Materials Institute of Alicante, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - M Mercedes Pastor-Blas
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University Materials Institute of Alicante, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
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Villora-Picó JJ, Sepúlveda-Escribano A, Pastor-Blas MM. Design and Synthesis of N-Doped Carbons as Efficient Metal-Free Catalysts in the Hydrogenation of 1-Chloro-4-Nitrobenzene. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2515. [PMID: 38473762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-free catalysts based on nitrogen-doped porous carbons were designed and synthesized from mixtures of melamine as nitrogen and carbon sources and calcium citrate as carbon source and porogen system. Considering the physicochemical and textural properties of the prepared carbons, a melamine/citrate ratio of 2:1 was selected to study the effect of the pyrolysis temperature. It was observed that a minimum pyrolysis temperature of 750 °C is required to obtain a carbonaceous structure. However, although there is a decrease in the nitrogen amount at higher pyrolysis temperatures, a gradual development of the porosity is produced from 750 °C to 850 °C. Above that temperature, a deterioration of the carbon porous structure is produced. All the prepared carbon materials, with no need for a further activation treatment, were active in the hydrogenation reaction of 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene. A full degree of conversion was reached with the most active catalysts obtained from 2:1 melamine/citrate mixtures pyrolyzed at 850 °C and 900 °C, which exhibited a suitable compromise between the N-doping level and developed mesoporosity that facilitates the access of the reactants to the catalytic sites. What is more, all the materials showed 100% selectivity for the hydrogenation of the nitro group to form the corresponding chloro-aniline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-José Villora-Picó
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry-University Institute of Materials of Alicante, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Antonio Sepúlveda-Escribano
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry-University Institute of Materials of Alicante, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - María-Mercedes Pastor-Blas
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry-University Institute of Materials of Alicante, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
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4
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Hu X, Ma Y, Qu W, Qian J, Li Y, Chen Y, Zhou A, Wang H, Zhang F, Hu Z, Huang Y, Li L, Wu F, Chen R. Large Interlayer Distance and Heteroatom-Doping of Graphite Provide New Insights into the Dual-Ion Storage Mechanism in Dual-Carbon Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307083. [PMID: 37489757 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Dual-ion batteries (DIBs) is a promising technology for large-scale energy storage. However, it is still questionable how material structures affect the anion storage behavior. In this paper, we synthesis graphite with an ultra-large interlayer distance and heteroatomic doping to systematically investigate the combined effects on DIBs. The large interlayer distance of 0.51 nm provides more space for anion storage, while the doping of the heteroatoms reduces the energy barriers for anion intercalation and migration and enhances rapid ionic storage at interfaces simultaneously. Based on the synergistic effects, the DIBs composed of carbon cathode and lithium anode afford ultra-high capacity of 240 mAh g-1 at current density of 100 mA g-1 . Dual-carbon batteries (DCBs) using the graphite as both of cathode and anode steadily cycle 2400 times at current density of 1 A g-1 . Hence, this work provides a reference to the strategy of material designs of DIBs and DCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yitian Ma
- School of Materials, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Wenjie Qu
- Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai, 200245, China
| | - Ji Qian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Yuetong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Anbin Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huirong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengling Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhengqiang Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongxin Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
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Pérez Mayoral E, Godino Ojer M, Ventura M, Matos I. New Insights into N-Doped Porous Carbons as Both Heterogeneous Catalysts and Catalyst Supports: Opportunities for the Catalytic Synthesis of Valuable Compounds. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2013. [PMID: 37446528 DOI: 10.3390/nano13132013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Among the vast class of porous carbon materials, N-doped porous carbons have emerged as promising materials in catalysis due to their unique properties. The introduction of nitrogen into the carbonaceous matrix can lead to the creation of new sites on the carbon surface, often associated with pyridinic or pyrrolic nitrogen functionalities, which can facilitate various catalytic reactions with increased selectivity. Furthermore, the presence of N dopants exerts a significant influence on the properties of the supported metal or metal oxide nanoparticles, including the metal dispersion, interactions between the metal and support, and stability of the metal nanoparticles. These effects play a crucial role in enhancing the catalytic performance of the N-doped carbon-supported catalysts. Thus, N-doped carbons and metals supported on N-doped carbons have been revealed to be interesting heterogeneous catalysts for relevant synthesis processes of valuable compounds. This review presents a concise overview of various methods employed to produce N-doped porous carbons with distinct structures, starting from diverse precursors, and showcases their potential in various catalytic processes, particularly in fine chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pérez Mayoral
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Química Técnica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Urbanización Monte Rozas, Avda. Esparta s/n Ctra. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km 5, Las Rozas, 28232 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Godino Ojer
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1.800, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Márcia Ventura
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ines Matos
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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6
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Marinoiu A, Raceanu M, Carcadea E, Varlam M. Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Oxide as Efficient Metal-Free Electrocatalyst in PEM Fuel Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1233. [PMID: 37049326 PMCID: PMC10096973 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped graphene is currently recognized as one of the most promising catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). It has been demonstrated to act as a metal-free electrode with good electrocatalytic activity and long-term operation stability, excellent for the ORR in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). As a consequence, intensive research has been dedicated to the investigation of this catalyst through varying the methodologies for the synthesis, characterization, and technologies improvement. A simple, scalable, single-step synthesis method for nitrogen-doped graphene oxide preparation was adopted in this paper. The physical and chemical properties of various materials obtained from different precursors have been evaluated and compared, leading to the conclusion that ammonia allows for a higher resulting nitrogen concentration, due to its high vapor pressure, which facilitates the functionalization reaction of graphene oxide. Electrochemical measurements indicated that the presence of nitrogen-doped oxide can effectively enhance the electrocatalytic activity and stability for ORR, making it a viable candidate for practical application as a PEMFC cathode electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Marinoiu
- ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
| | - Mircea Raceanu
- ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
- Doctoral School, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Carcadea
- ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
| | - Mihai Varlam
- ICSI Energy Department, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
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7
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Ahmad S, Liu L, Zhang S, Tang J. Nitrogen-doped biochar (N-doped BC) and iron/nitrogen co-doped biochar (Fe/N co-doped BC) for removal of refractory organic pollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130727. [PMID: 36630878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The presence of refractory organic pollutants (ROPs) in the ecosystem is a serious concern because of their impact on environmental constituents as well as their known or suspected ecotoxicity and adverse health effects. According to previous studies, carbonaceous materials, such as biochar (BC), have been widely used to remove pollutants from ecosystems owing to their desirable features, such as relative stability, tunable porosity, and abundant functionalities. Nitrogen (N)-doping and iron/nitrogen (Fe/N) co-doping can tailor BC properties and provide supplementary functional groups as well as extensive active sites on the N-doped and Fe/N co-doped BC surface, which is advantageous for interaction with and removal of ROPs. This review investigates the impact of N-doped and Fe/N co-doped BC on the removal of ROPs through adsorption, activation oxidation, and catalytic reduction due to the synergistic Fe, N, and BC features that modify the physicochemical properties, surface functional groups, and persistent free radicals of BC to aid in the degradation of ROPs. Owing to the attractive properties of N-doped and Fe/N co-doped BCs for the removal of ROPs, this review focuses and evaluates previous experimental investigations on the manufacturing (including precursors and influencing parameters during manufacturing) and characterizations of N-doped and Fe/N co-doped BCs. Additionally, the effective applications and mechanisms of N-doped and Fe/N co-doped BCs in adsorption, activation oxidation, and reductive remediation of ROPs are investigated herein. Moreover, the application of N-doped and Fe/N co-doped BC for progressive environmental remediation based on their effectiveness against co-pollutants, regeneration, stability, affordability, and future research prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmad
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Linan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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8
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Biowaste-Derived Heteroatom-Doped Porous Carbon as a Sustainable Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Heteroatom-doped porous carbon material (H-PCM) was synthesized using Anacardium occidentale (cashew) nut’s skin by a simple pyrolysis route. The resulting H-PCM was thoroughly characterized by various analytical techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, high-resolution transmittance electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The obtained results strongly demonstrated that the synthesized H-PCM exhibited a porous nature, continuous sponge-like and sheet-like smooth morphology, and a moderate degree of graphitization/crystallinity with oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing functionalities in the carbon matrix. After the structural confirmation, as-prepared H-PCM has used a sustainable electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) because the metal-free carbonaceous catalysts are one of the most promising candidates. The H-PCM showed excellent HER activities with a lowest Tafel slope of 75 mV dec−1 and durable stability in 0.5 M H2SO4 aqueous solution. Moreover, this work provides a versatile and effective strategy for designing excellent metal-free electrocatalysts from the cheapest biowaste/biomass for large-scale production of hydrogen gas through electrochemical water splitting.
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Hybrid Carbon Supports Composed of Small Reduced Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes for Durable Oxygen Reduction Catalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113312. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated highly active and durable hybrid catalysts (HCs) composed of small reduced graphene oxide (srGO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for use as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Pt/srGO and Pt/CNTs were prepared by loading Pt nanoparticles onto srGO and CNTs using a polyol process, and HCs with different Pt/CNT and Pt/srGO ratios were prepared by mechanically mixing the two components. The prepared HCs consisted of Pt/CNTs well dispersed on Pt/srGO, with catalyst HC55, which was prepared using Pt/srGO and Pt/CNTs in a 5:5 ratio, exhibiting excellent oxygen reduction performance and high stability over 1000 cycles of the accelerated durability test (ADT). In particular, after 1000 cycles of the ADT, the normalized electrochemically active surface area of Pt/HC55 decreased by 11.9%, while those of Pt/srGO and Pt/C decreased by 21.2% and 57.6%, respectively. CNTs have strong corrosion resistance because there are fewer defect sites on the surface, and the addition of CNTs in rGO further improved the durability and the electrical conductivity of the catalyst. A detailed analysis of the structural and electrochemical properties of the synthesized catalysts suggested that the synergetic effects of the high specific surface area of srGO and the excellent electrical conductivity of CNTs were responsible for the enhanced efficiency and durability of the catalysts.
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Sha W, Song Y, Liu P, Liu R, Hou Y, Wei H, Xu B, Cao T, Guo J. N-doped graphene nanoribbons intertwined on 3D graphene skeleton as superior metal-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Masuda R, Yasukawa T, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon-Incarcerated Zinc Electrodes as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Electrochemical Allylation of Carbonyl Compounds. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3453-3460. [PMID: 35138098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c03017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical allylation reactions of carbonyl compounds using cathodes prepared from nitrogen-doped carbon (NDC)-incarcerated zinc catalysts have been developed. A range of aldehydes and ketones afforded the desired allylic alcohols in high yields with <10 mol % zinc leaching, and the heterogeneous nature of the active species was suggested. Compared with bulk zinc electrodes, NDC-stabilized zinc nanoparticle species were compatible with a broader range of heteroaromatic substrates and enabled the use of an undivided cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Masuda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yasukawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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González-González RB, Parra-Arroyo L, Parra-Saldívar R, Ramirez-Mendoza RA, Iqbal HM. Nanomaterial-based catalysts for the degradation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals – A way forward to environmental remediation. MATERIALS LETTERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.131217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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13
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Potential of Vanadium (V) doped CNT(10, 0) and Manganese (Mn) doped carbon nanocage (C60) as catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Sato H, Suizu R, Kato T, Yagi A, Segawa Y, Awaga K, Itami K. N-doped nonalternant aromatic belt via a six-fold annulative double N-arylation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9947-9951. [PMID: 36128250 PMCID: PMC9430306 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02647c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and synthesis of nitrogen (N)-doped molecular nanocarbons are of importance since N-doped nanocarbons have received significant attention in materials science. Herein, we report the synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of a nitrogen-inserted nonalternant aromatic belt. The palladium-catalyzed six-fold annulative double N-arylation provided an aromatic belt bearing six nitrogen atoms in one step from cyclo[6]paraphenylene-Z-ethenylene, the precursor of the (6,6)carbon nanobelt. The C3i-symmetric structure of the aromatic belt in the solid state was revealed using X-ray crystallography. The multistep (electro)chemical oxidation behavior of the belt, which was facilitated by the six p-methoxyaniline moieties, was studied, and a stable dication species was successfully identified by X-ray crystallography. The present study not only shows the unique structure and properties of the N-doped nonalternant aromatic belt but also expands the scope of accessibility of synthetically difficult belt molecules by the conventional intramolecular contraction pathway. Nitrogen-doped nonalternant aromatic belt was synthesized via palladium-catalyzed six-fold annulative double N-arylation reaction. The highly symmetric structure and multistep oxidation behavior of the N-belt were confirmed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sato
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Rie Suizu
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kato
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Akiko Yagi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Segawa
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Structural Molecular Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
- JST-ERATO, Nagoya University, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kunio Awaga
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- JST-ERATO, Nagoya University, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Japan
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15
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Wu S, Qin N, Zhang H, Wei C, Wang Z, Luo W, Li Y, Wang H, Zhang K, Wang Q, Lu Z. Revealing the catalytic pathway of a quinone-mediated oxygen reduction reaction in aprotic Li-O 2 batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:1025-1028. [PMID: 34951411 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05538k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Soluble redox species that facilitate the oxygen reduction reaction by mediating the LiO2 intermediate and consequently the formation of the Li2O2 have attracted considerable interest for Li-O2 batteries. Based on extensive radical studies, this work discloses a distinct solution reaction route when a quinone derivative was employed as a redox mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ning Qin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| | - Chuanwan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yingzhi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Haiou Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| | - Zhouguang Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
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16
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Hanana M, Kahlfuss C, Weiss J, Cornut R, Jousselme B, Wytko JA, Campidelli S. ORR activity of metalated phenanthroline-strapped porphyrin adsorbed on carbon nanotubes. CR CHIM 2021. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Abstract
In order to develop highly efficient and stable catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) that do not contain precious metals, it is necessary to modify carbon nanotubes (CNT) and define the effect of the modification on their activity in the ORR. In this work, the modification of CNTs included functionalization by treatment in NaOH or HNO3 (soft and hard conditions, respectively) and subsequent doping with nitrogen (melamine was used as a precursor). The main parameters that determine the efficiency of modified CNT in ORR are composition and surface area (XPS, BET), hydrophilic–hydrophobic surface properties (method of standard contact porosimetry (MSP)) and zeta potential (dynamic light scattering method). The activity of CNT in ORR was assessed following half-wave potential, current density within kinetic potential range and the electrochemically active surface area (SEAS). The obtained results show that the modification of CNT with oxygen-containing groups leads to an increase in hydrophilicity and, consequently, SEAS, as well as the total (overall) current. Subsequent doping with nitrogen ensures further increase in SEAS, higher zeta potential and specific activity in ORR, reflected in the shift of the half-wave potential by 150 mV for CNTNaOH-N and 110 mV for CNTHNO3-N relative to CNTNaOH and CNTHNO3, respectively. Moreover, the introduction of N into the structure of CNTHNO3 increases their corrosion stability.
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18
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Tong X, Cherif M, Zhang G, Zhan X, Ma J, Almesrati A, Vidal F, Song Y, Claverie JP, Sun S. N, P-Codoped Graphene Dots Supported on N-Doped 3D Graphene as Metal-Free Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:30512-30523. [PMID: 34170669 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen and phosphorus-codoped graphene dots supported on nitrogen-doped three-dimensional graphene (N, P-GDs/N-3DG) have been synthesized by a facile freeze-annealing process. On the surface of the 3D interconnected porous structure, the N, P-GDs are uniformly dispersed. The as-prepared N, P-GDs/N-3DG material served as a metal-free catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in an alkaline medium and evaluated by a rotating ring-disk electrode. The N, P-GDs/N-3DG catalyst exhibits excellent ORR activity, which is comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Furthermore, it exhibits a higher tolerance to methanol and better stability than the Pt/C. This enhanced electrochemical catalytic performance can be ascribed to the presence of abundant functional groups and edge defects. This study indicates that P-N bonded structures play a vital role as the active sites in ORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tong
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 55000, China
| | - Mohamed Cherif
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Gaixia Zhang
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Xinxing Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 55000, China
| | - Jugang Ma
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 10008, China
| | - Ali Almesrati
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - François Vidal
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Yujun Song
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 10008, China
| | - Jerome P Claverie
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Shuhui Sun
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
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19
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Facile and economic synthesis of heteroatoms co-doped graphene using garlic biomass as a highly stable electrocatalyst toward 4 e− ORR. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Todankar B, Desai P, Ranade AK, Narayanan TN, Tanemura M, Kalita G. Trifunctional Electrocatalytic Activities of Nitrogen‐Doped Graphitic Carbon Nanofibers Synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashri Todankar
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Pradeep Desai
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Ajinkya K. Ranade
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Tharangattu N. Narayanan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-Hyderabad Sy. No. 36/P Gopanpally Hyderabad Telangana 500046 India
| | - Masaki Tanemura
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Golap Kalita
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Material Science Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
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21
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Kamedulski P, Lukaszewicz JP, Witczak L, Szroeder P, Ziolkowski P. The Importance of Structural Factors for the Electrochemical Performance of Graphene/Carbon Nanotube/Melamine Powders towards the Catalytic Activity of Oxygen Reduction Reaction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2448. [PMID: 34065055 PMCID: PMC8125890 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we show the carbonization of binary composites consisting of graphene nanoplatelets and melamine (GNP/MM), multi-walled carbon nanotubes and melamine (CNT/MM) and trinary composites containing GNP, CNT, and MM. Additionally, the manuscript presents results on the influence of structural factors for the electrochemical performance of carbon composites on their catalytic activity. This study contributes to the wide search and design of novel hybrid carbon composites for electrochemical applications. We demonstrate that intensive nitrogen atom insertion is not the governing factor since hybrid system modifications and porous structure sometimes play a more crucial role in the tailoring of electrochemical properties of the carbon hybrids seen as a noble metal-free alternative to traditional electrode materials. Additionally, HRTEM and Raman spectra study allowed for the evaluation of the quality of the obtained hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kamedulski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Jerzy P. Lukaszewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Lukasz Witczak
- Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 2, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (L.W.); (P.S.)
| | - Pawel Szroeder
- Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 2, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (L.W.); (P.S.)
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22
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Ilnicka A, Skorupska M, Tyc M, Kowalska K, Kamedulski P, Zielinski W, Lukaszewicz JP. Green algae and gelatine derived nitrogen rich carbon as an outstanding competitor to Pt loaded carbon catalysts. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7084. [PMID: 33782447 PMCID: PMC8007801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of effective catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a significant challenge in energy conversion systems, e.g., Zn-air batteries. Herein, green-algae- and gelatine-derived porous, nitrogen-rich carbons were extensively investigated as electrode materials for electrochemical catalytic reactions. These carbon-based catalysts were designed and optimized to create a metal-free catalyst via templating, carbonization, and subsequent removal of the template. The additional incorporation of graphene improved electronic conductivity and enhanced the electrochemical catalytic reaction. Porous carbons with heteroatoms were used as effective platinum-free ORR electrocatalysts for energy conversion; the presence of nitrogen in the carbon provided more active sites for ORR. Our catalyst also displayed notable durability in a rechargeable Zn-air battery energy system. More importantly, the nitrogen-containing porous carbons were found to have comparable ORR performance in alkaline media to commercially available electrocatalysts. The manuscript demonstrates that nitrogen atom insertion is an appropriate approach when aiming to eliminate noble metals from the synthesis route. N-doped carbons are competitive materials compared to reference platinum-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ilnicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Skorupska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Magdalena Tyc
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Kinga Kowalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Piotr Kamedulski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Wojciech Zielinski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Jerzy P Lukaszewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wilenska 4, 87-100, Torun, Poland
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23
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Cui X, Luo Y, Zhou Y, Dong W, Chen W. Application of functionalized graphene in Li-O 2 batteries. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:132003. [PMID: 33291089 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abd1a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Li-O2 batteries (LOB) are considered as one of the most promising energy storage devices using renewable electricity to power electric vehicles because of its exceptionally high energy density. Carbon materials have been widely employed in LOB for its light weight and facile availability. In particular, graphene is a suitable candidate due to its unique two-dimensional structure, high conductivities, large specific surface areas, and good stability at high charge potential. However, the intrinsic catalytic activity of graphene is insufficient for the sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in LOB. Therefore, various surface functionalization schemes for graphene have been developed to tailor the surface chemistry of graphene. In this review, the properties and performances of functionalized graphene cathodes are discussed from theoretical and experimental aspects, including heteroatomic doping, oxygen functional group modifications, and catalyst decoration. Heteroatomic doping breaks electric neutrality of sp2 carbon of graphene, which forms electron-deficient or electron-rich sites. Oxygen functional groups mainly create defective edges on graphene oxides with C-O, C=O, and -COO-. Catalyst decoration is widely attempted by various transition and precious metal and metal oxides. These induced reactive sites usually improve the ORR and/or OER in LOB by manipulating the adsorption energies of O2, LiO2, Li2O2, and promoting electron transportation of cathode. In addition, functionalized graphene is used in anode and separators to prevent shuttle effect of redox mediators and suppress growth of Li dendrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhang Cui
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yani Luo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhou
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wenhao Dong
- School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, People's Republic of China
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24
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Nanocomposite Cathode Catalysts Containing Platinum Deposited on Carbon Nanotubes Modified by O, N, and P Atoms. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11030335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum deposited on dispersed materials has so far been the most demanded catalyst for creating cathodes for a wide range of electrochemical power sources. This paper sets out to investigate the effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) modification by O, N, and P atoms on the structural, electrocatalytic, and corrosion properties of the as-synthesized monoplatinum catalysts. The investigated Pt/CNTmod catalysts showed an increased electrochemically active platinum surface area and electrical conductivity, as well as an increased catalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline electrolytes. The improved characteristics of Pt/CNT catalysts are explained by alterations in the composition and number of groups, which are formed on the CNT surface, and their electronic structure. By the sum of the main characteristics, Pt/CNTHNO3+N and Pt/CNTHNO3+NP are the most promising catalysts for use as cathode materials in alkaline media.
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25
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Kostuch A, Gryboś J, Wierzbicki S, Sojka Z, Kruczała K. Selectivity of Mixed Iron-Cobalt Spinels Deposited on a N,S-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Support in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Media. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:820. [PMID: 33572133 PMCID: PMC7915630 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the practical efforts in the development of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts applicable to fuel cells and metal-air batteries is focused on reducing the cost of the catalysts production. Herein, we have examined the ORR performance of cheap, non-noble metal based catalysts comprised of nanosized mixed Fe-Co spinels deposited on N,S-doped mesoporous carbon support (N,S-MPC). The effect of the chemical and phase composition of the active phase on the selectivity of catalysts in the ORR process in alkaline media was elucidated by changing the iron content. The synthesized materials were thoroughly characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy (RS). Detailed S/TEM/EDX and Raman analysis of the phase composition of the synthesized ORR catalysts revealed that the dominant mixed iron-cobalt spinel is accompanied by minor fractions of bare cobalt and highly dispersed spurious iron oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4). The contribution of individual phases and their degree of agglomeration on the carbon support directly influence the selectivity of the obtained catalysts. It was found that the mixed iron-cobalt spinel single phase gives rise to significant improvement of the catalyst selectivity towards the desired 4e- reaction pathway, in comparison to the reference bare cobalt spinel, whereas spurious iron oxides play a negative role for the catalyst selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Kostuch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Gryboś
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Szymon Wierzbicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Sojka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kruczała
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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26
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Kuzmin AV, Shainyan BA. Theoretical Density Functional Theory Study of Electrocatalytic Activity of MN 4-Doped (M = Cu, Ag, and Zn) Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Oxygen Reduction Reactions. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:374-387. [PMID: 33458489 PMCID: PMC7807812 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on transition metal-doped nitrogen codoped single-walled nanotubes, C114H24MN4 (MN4-CNT where M = Zn, Cu, or Ag; N = pyridinic nitrogen), has been studied with the density functional theory method at the ωB97XD/DGDZVP level of theory. The charge density analysis revealed two active sites of the catalyst toward ORR: the MN4 site and the C=C bond of the N-C=C-N metal-chelating fragment (C2 site). The structure of O-containing adsorbates (O2 *, HOO*, O*, HO*, etc.) on the two sites and the corresponding adsorption energies were determined. The analysis of the free energy diagrams allows to conclude that the 4e - mechanism of ORR is thermodynamically preferable for all the studied catalysts. The probability of the 2e - mechanism of ORR with the formation of hydrogen peroxide decreases in the order Cu > Ag > Zn. The most and the least exergonic steps of the conventional 4e - mechanism of ORR on each active site of model catalysts as well as the electrode potentials of deceleration and of maximum catalytic activity in both acidic and alkaline media are determined. The relative catalytic activity toward ORR increases in the order Zn < Ag ≪ Cu and is mainly attributed to the C2 site rather than the MN4 site, while combined catalytic activity of the two sites (AgN4/C2 sites) is predicted for the AgN4-CNT catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton V. Kuzmin
- A.
E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
- Limnological
Institute, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy
of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya
str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Bagrat A. Shainyan
- A.
E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky str., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
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27
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Osatiashtiani A, Luo KH, Shen D, Li J, Bridgwater A. The mechanism of hydrogen donation by bio-acids over metal supported on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Huang G, Wang J, Zhang X. Electrode Protection in High-Efficiency Li-O 2 Batteries. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:2136-2148. [PMID: 33376777 PMCID: PMC7760066 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The aprotic Li-O2 battery possessing the highest theoretical energy density, approaching that of gasoline, has been regarded as one of the most promising successors to Li-ion batteries. Before this kind of battery can become a viable technology, a series of critical issues need to be conquered, like low round-trip efficiency and short cycling lifetime, which are closely related to the continuous parasitic processes happening at the cathode and anode during cycling. With an aim to promote the practical application of Li-O2 batteries, great effort has been devoted to identify the reasons for oxygen and lithium electrodes degradation and provide guidelines to overcome them. Thus, the stability of cathode and anode has been improved a lot in the past decade, which in turn significantly boosts the electrochemical performances of Li-O2 batteries. Here, an overlook on the electrode protection in high-efficiency Li-O2 batteries is presented by providing first the challenges of electrodes facing and then the effectiveness of the existing approaches that have been proposed to alleviate these. Moreover, new battery systems and perspectives of the viable near-future strategies for rational configuration and balance of the electrodes are also pointed out. This Outlook deepens our understanding of the electrodes in Li-O2 batteries and offers opportunities for the realization of high performance and long-term durability of Li-O2 batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Materials
Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Jin Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
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29
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Unglaube F, Hünemörder P, Guo X, Chen Z, Wang D, Mejía E. Phenazine Radical Cations as Efficient Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Cross‐Dehydrogenative Aza‐
Henry
Reaction. Helv Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Unglaube
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a DE-18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Paul Hünemörder
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a DE-18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Xuewen Guo
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a DE-18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Zixu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Dengxu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Esteban Mejía
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a DE-18059 Rostock Germany
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30
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Gowri VM, John SA. Fabrication of electrically conducting graphitic carbon nitride film on glassy carbon electrode with the aid of amine groups for the determination of an organic pollutant. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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31
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Bogdanovskaya VA, Radina MV, Korchagin OV, Kapustina NA, Kazanskii LP. Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Oxygen- and Nitrogen-Containing Groups as Perspective Catalysts for the Oxygen Electroreduction Reaction. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193520100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Fabrication of Conjugated Porous Polymer Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reactions: A Bottom-Up Approach. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrates the fabrication of a conjugated porous polymer (CPP-P2) through a Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura poly-condensation reaction. 13C cross-polarization solid-state NMR and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize CPP-P2. Pristine nitrogen-containing CPP was explored as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction in 0.1 M KOH aqueous alkaline media. In the case of CPP-P2,the polymer oxygen reduction reaction occurs via a four-electron transfer mechanism. An understanding of the oxygen reduction at the molecular level and the role of molecular packing in the three-dimensional structure was proposed based on density functional theory (DFT) modeling.
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Lee D, Gok S, Kim Y, Sung YE, Lee E, Jang JH, Hwang JY, Kwon OJ, Lim T. Methanol Tolerant Pt-C Core-Shell Cathode Catalyst for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:44588-44596. [PMID: 32924426 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Methanol crossover is one of the largest problems in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Methanol passing from the anode to the cathode through the membrane is oxidized at the cathode, degrading the DMFC performance, and the intermediates of the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) cause cathode catalyst poisoning. Therefore, it is essential to develop a cathode catalyst capable of inhibiting MOR while promoting the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which is a typical cathode reaction in DMFCs. In this study, a carbon-encapsulated Pt cathode catalyst was synthesized for this purpose. The catalyst was simply synthesized by heat treatment of Pt-aniline complex-coated carbon nanofibers. The carbon shell of the catalyst was effective in inhibiting methanol from accessing the Pt core, and this effect became more prominent as the graphitization degree of the carbon shell increased. Meanwhile, the carbon shell allowed O2 to permeate regardless of the graphitization degree, enabling the Pt core to participate in ORR. The synthesized catalyst showed higher performance and stability in single-cell tests under various conditions compared to commercial Pt/C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyeon Lee
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Gok
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkwang Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Eun Sung
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjik Lee
- Research & Development Division, Hyundai Motor Group, 37 Cheoldobangmulgwan-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do 16082, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Jang
- Research & Development Division, Hyundai Motor Group, 37 Cheoldobangmulgwan-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do 16082, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Youn Hwang
- Research & Development Division, Hyundai Motor Group, 37 Cheoldobangmulgwan-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do 16082, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Joong Kwon
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
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34
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Hui S(R, Shaigan N, Neburchilov V, Zhang L, Malek K, Eikerling M, Luna PD. Three-Dimensional Cathodes for Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2: From Macro- to Nano-Engineering. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1884. [PMID: 32962288 PMCID: PMC7558977 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rising anthropogenic CO2 emissions and their climate warming effects have triggered a global response in research and development to reduce the emissions of this harmful greenhouse gas. The use of CO2 as a feedstock for the production of value-added fuels and chemicals is a promising pathway for development of renewable energy storage and reduction of carbon emissions. Electrochemical CO2 conversion offers a promising route for value-added products. Considerable challenges still remain, limiting this technology for industrial deployment. This work reviews the latest developments in experimental and modeling studies of three-dimensional cathodes towards high-performance electrochemical reduction of CO2. The fabrication-microstructure-performance relationships of electrodes are examined from the macro- to nanoscale. Furthermore, future challenges, perspectives and recommendations for high-performance cathodes are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang (Rob) Hui
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada; (N.S.); (V.N.); (L.Z.); (K.M.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Nima Shaigan
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada; (N.S.); (V.N.); (L.Z.); (K.M.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Vladimir Neburchilov
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada; (N.S.); (V.N.); (L.Z.); (K.M.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada; (N.S.); (V.N.); (L.Z.); (K.M.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Kourosh Malek
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada; (N.S.); (V.N.); (L.Z.); (K.M.); (P.D.L.)
| | - Michael Eikerling
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-13: Modelling and Simulation of Energy Materials, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany;
| | - Phil De Luna
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada; (N.S.); (V.N.); (L.Z.); (K.M.); (P.D.L.)
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35
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Carbon Nanotube Modified by (O, N, P) Atoms as Effective Catalysts for Electroreduction of Oxygen in Alkaline Media. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of the types and amounts of oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and/or phosphorus (P) heteroatoms on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on stability and catalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was investigated in alkaline media. It is shown that functionalization of CNTs leads to growth of the electrochemically active surface and to an increase in activity in the ORR. At the same time, a decrease in stability is observed after functionalization of CNTs under accelerated corrosion testing in alkaline media. These results are most significant on CNTs after functionalization in HNO3, due to the formation of a large number of structural defects. However, subsequent doping with N and/or P atoms provides a further activity increase and enhances the corrosion stability of CNTs. Thus, as shown by the studies of characteristic parameters (electrochemical active surface values (SEAS); E1/2; corrosion stability), CNTs doped with N and NP are promising catalytic systems that can be recommended for use as fuel cell cathodes. An important condition for effective doping is the synthesis of carboxyl and carbonyl oxygen-containing groups on the surface of CNTs.
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36
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Wang Y, Zhang G, Ma M, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Sun X, Yan Z. Sacrificial carbon nitride-templated hollow FeCo-NC material for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction and Al-air battery. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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37
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Yuan Z, Wang W, He S, Najafi M. Theoretical investigation of oxygen reduction process on the Si nanocone (Al-SiNC) as efficiency catalyst in fuel cells. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Rajak R, Kumar R, Ansari SN, Saraf M, Mobin SM. Recent highlights and future prospects on mixed-metal MOFs as emerging supercapacitor candidates. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:11792-11818. [PMID: 32779674 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01676d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mixed-metal metal-organic frameworks (M-MOFs) consist of at least two different metal ions as nodes in the same framework. The incorporation of a second or more metal ions provides structural/compositional diversity, multi-functionality and stability to the framework. Moreover, the periodical array of different metal ions in the framework may alter the physical/chemical properties of M-MOFs and result in fascinating applications. M-MOFs with exciting structural features offer superior supercapacitor performances compared to single metal MOFs due to the synergic effect of different metal ions. In this review, we summarize several synthetic methods to construct M-MOFs by employing various organic ligands or metalloligands. Further, we discuss the electrochemical performance of several M-MOFs and their derived composite materials for supercapacitor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rajak
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India.
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India.
| | - Shagufi Naz Ansari
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India.
| | - Mohit Saraf
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science (MEMS), Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Shaikh M Mobin
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India. and Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science (MEMS), Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India and Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
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39
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Mohammadzadeh Kakhki R, Mohammadpoor M, Faridi R, Bahadori M. The development of an artificial neural network – genetic algorithm model (ANN-GA) for the adsorption and photocatalysis of methylene blue on a novel sulfur–nitrogen co-doped Fe2O3 nanostructure surface. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5951-5960. [PMID: 35497422 PMCID: PMC9049234 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10349j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research an S-N doped Fe2O3 nanostructure is synthesized and its adsorption ability and photocatalytic activity were evaluated. The optimum experimental conditions were obtained and an ANN-GA model was proposed for predicting experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reza Faridi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Gonabad
- Gonabad
- Iran
| | - Mehdi Bahadori
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Gonabad
- Gonabad
- Iran
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40
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Wassner M, Eckardt M, Reyer A, Diemant T, Elsaesser MS, Behm RJ, Hüsing N. Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:1-15. [PMID: 31976192 PMCID: PMC6964652 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous and graphitized nitrogen-doped (N-doped) carbon spheres are investigated as structurally well-defined model systems to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between synthesis, structure, and their activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). N-doped carbon spheres were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of a glucose solution yielding carbon spheres with sizes of 330 ± 50 nm, followed by nitrogen doping via heat treatment in ammonia atmosphere. The influence of a) varying the nitrogen doping temperature (550-1000 °C) and b) of a catalytic graphitization prior to nitrogen doping on the carbon sphere morphology, structure, elemental composition, N bonding configuration as well as porosity is investigated in detail. For the N-doped carbon spheres, the maximum nitrogen content was found at a doping temperature of 700 °C, with a decrease of the N content for higher temperatures. The overall nitrogen content of the graphitized N-doped carbon spheres is lower than that of the amorphous carbon spheres, however, also the microporosity decreases strongly with graphitization. Comparison with the electrocatalytic behavior in the ORR shows that in addition to the N-doping, the microporosity of the materials is critical for an efficient ORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Wassner
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Salzburg University, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Markus Eckardt
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Reyer
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Salzburg University, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Diemant
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael S Elsaesser
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Salzburg University, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - R Jürgen Behm
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicola Hüsing
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Salzburg University, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
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41
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Qasim M, Hou J, Qadeer MA, Butt S, Farooq MH, Farooq MQ, Idrees F, Tanveer M, Zou J, Tahir M. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanosheets Decorated With Mn 2O 3 Nanoparticles for Excellent Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Front Chem 2019; 7:741. [PMID: 31781537 PMCID: PMC6856643 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop an active, low cost, non-precious, stable, and high-performance catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this regard, Mn2O3-decorated nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets (Mn2O3/NC) are fabricated by a two-step strategy involving a hydrothermal method and a solid-state method. In the resultant structures, very fine Mn2O3 nanoparticles with an average size of about 5 nm are strongly attached to nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets. The role of the Mn2O3 nanoparticles is to provide active sites for ORR, while the presence of the nitrogen-doped carbon not only enhances the conductivity of the overall structure but is also helpful for overall stability. The Mn2O3/NC shows good onset potential (0.80 V@−1 mA/cm2), methanol crossover effect, and stability (90%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Qasim
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jianhua Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - M A Qadeer
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sajid Butt
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Hassan Farooq
- Basic Science and Humanities Department, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Qasim Farooq
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Idrees
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Tanveer
- Department of Physics, University of Lahore, Gujranwala, Pakistan
| | - Jijun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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42
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Thermal treated three-dimensional N-doped graphene as efficient metal free-catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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43
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Razavi R, Najafi M. Theoretical investigation of the ORR on boron-silicon nanotubes (B-SiNTs) as acceptable catalysts in fuel cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31572-31582. [PMID: 35527966 PMCID: PMC9072725 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05031k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, the potential of boron doped silicon nanotubes (7, 0) as ORR catalysts is examined. Acceptable paths for the ORR on studied catalysts are examined through DFT. The optimum mechanism of the ORR on the surface of B2-SiNT (7, 0) is shown. The ORR on the surface of B2-SiNTs (7, 0) can continue through LH and ER mechanisms. The calculated beginning voltage for the ORR on B2-SiNTs (7, 0) is 0.37 V and it is smaller than the beginning voltage (0.45 V) for platinum-based catalysts. In the acidic solution the beginning voltage for the oxygen reduction process can be evaluated to be 0.97 V, which corresponds to 0.37 V as a minimum overvoltage for the ORR. The B2-SiNTs (7, 0) are suggested as an ORR catalyst in acidic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Razavi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jiroft Jiroft Iran
| | - Meysam Najafi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
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44
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Morais RG, Rey-Raap N, Figueiredo JL, Pereira MFR. Glucose-derived carbon materials with tailored properties as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:1089-1102. [PMID: 31165035 PMCID: PMC6541360 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped biomass-derived carbon materials were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of glucose, and their textural and chemical properties were subsequently tailored to achieve materials with enhanced electrochemical performance towards the oxygen reduction reaction. Carbonization and physical activation were applied to modify the textural properties, while nitrogen functionalities were incorporated via different N-doping methodologies (ball milling and conventional methods) using melamine. A direct relationship between the microporosity of the activated carbons and the limiting current density was found, with the increase of microporosity leading to interesting improvements of the limiting current density. Regardless of the doping method used, similar amounts of nitrogen were incorporated into the carbon structures. However, significant differences were observed in the nitrogen functionalities according to the doping method applied: ball milling appeared to originate preferentially quaternary and oxidized nitrogen groups, while the formation of pyridinic and pyrrolic groups was favoured by conventional doping. The onset potential was improved and the two-electron mechanism of the original activated sample was shifted closer to a four-electron pathway due to the presence of nitrogen. Interestingly, the high pyridinic content related to a high ratio of pyridinic/quaternary nitrogen results in an increase of the onset potential, while a decrease in the quaternary/pyrrolic nitrogen ratio favors an increase in the number of electrons. Accordingly, the electrocatalyst with the highest performance was obtained from the activated sample doped with nitrogen by the conventional method, which combined the most appropriate textural and chemical properties: high microporosity and adequate proportion of the nitrogen functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gomes Morais
- Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Natalia Rey-Raap
- Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Luís Figueiredo
- Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Fernando Ribeiro Pereira
- Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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45
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Yang L, Shui J, Du L, Shao Y, Liu J, Dai L, Hu Z. Carbon-Based Metal-Free ORR Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells: Past, Present, and Future. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1804799. [PMID: 30637835 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Replacing precious platinum with earth-abundant materials for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells has been the objective worldwide for several decades. In the last 10 years, the fastest-growing branch in this area has been carbon-based metal-free ORR electrocatalysts. Great progress has been made in promoting the performance and understanding the underlying fundamentals. Here, a comprehensive review of this field is presented by emphasizing the emerging issues including the predictive design and controllable construction of porous structures and doping configurations, mechanistic understanding from the model catalysts, integrated experimental and theoretical studies, and performance evaluation in full cells. Centering on these topics, the most up-to-date results are presented, along with remarks and perspectives for the future development of carbon-based metal-free ORR electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jianglan Shui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lei Du
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Yuyan Shao
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Liming Dai
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Zheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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46
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Gao K, Wang B, Tao L, Cunning BV, Zhang Z, Wang S, Ruoff RS, Qu L. Efficient Metal-Free Electrocatalysts from N-Doped Carbon Nanomaterials: Mono-Doping and Co-Doping. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805121. [PMID: 30345564 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
N-doped carbon nanomaterials have rapidly grown as the most important metal-free catalysts in a wide range of chemical and electrochemical reactions. This current report summarizes the latest advances in N-doped carbon electrocatalysts prepared by N mono-doping and co-doping with other heteroatoms. The structure-performance relationship of these materials is subsequently rationalized and perspectives on developing more efficient and sustainable electrocatalysts from carbon nanomaterials are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Li Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Benjamin V Cunning
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhipan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Rodney S Ruoff
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Liangti Qu
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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Fernandes DM, Peixoto AF, Freire C. Nitrogen-doped metal-free carbon catalysts for (electro)chemical CO2 conversion and valorisation. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13508-13528. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01691k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the recent developments made in the fabrication of N-doped carbon materials for enhanced CO2 conversion and electrochemical reduction into high-value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M. Fernandes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
| | - Andreia F. Peixoto
- REQUIMTE/LAQV
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
| | - Cristina Freire
- REQUIMTE/LAQV
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philippe Serp
- LCC CNRS-UPR 8241 ENSIACET Université de Toulouse Toulouse France
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