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Quddus F, Shah A, Nisar J, Zia MA, Munir S. Neem plant extract-assisted synthesis of CeO 2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of piroxicam and naproxen. RSC Adv 2023; 13:28121-28130. [PMID: 37746332 PMCID: PMC10517110 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04185a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Piroxicam and naproxen are well-known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that are frequently detected in aquatic environments due to their widespread usage and improper disposal practices. This research investigates the photocatalytic degradation of these drugs by using CeO2 nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were synthesized by using Azadirachta indica plant extract and were characterized through various characterization techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, EDX, and XRD. The photocatalytic degradation of piroxicam and naproxen using CeO2 nanoparticles led to the efficient removal of these pharmaceutical drugs in a short time duration with photodegradation efficiencies of 89% and 97% for naproxen and piroxicam, respectively. The photodegradation reaction was found to follow pseudo-order first-order kinetics. The recyclability of the catalyst was also studied for up to six cycles where the degradation efficiency was maintained at 100% till the 2nd cycle and was decreased by 11 and 13% for piroxicam and naproxen respectively after the 6th cycle. The current work focused on the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs) for water purification via environmentally benign nanoparticles to remedy water pollution as it is the most prevalent issue in developed and underdeveloped countries throughout the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Quddus
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Afzal Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Jan Nisar
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar Peshawar 25120 Pakistan
| | | | - Shamsa Munir
- School of Applied Sciences and Humanities, National University of Technology Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
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2
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Machreki M, Chouki T, Tyuliev G, Žigon D, Ohtani B, Loukanov A, Stefanov P, Emin S. Defective TiO 2 Nanotube Arrays for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Degradation of Organic Pollutants. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21605-21617. [PMID: 37360499 PMCID: PMC10286085 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen vacancies (OVs) are one of the most critical factors that enhance the electrical and catalytic characteristics of metal oxide-based photoelectrodes. In this work, a simple procedure was applied to prepare reduced TiO2 nanotube arrays (NTAs) (TiO2-x) via a one-step reduction method using NaBH4. A series of characterization techniques were used to study the structural, optical, and electronic properties of TiO2-x NTAs. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of defects in TiO2-x NTAs. Photoacoustic measurements were used to estimate the electron-trap density in the NTAs. Photoelectrochemical studies show that the photocurrent density of TiO2-x NTAs was nearly 3 times higher than that of pristine TiO2. It was found that increasing OVs in TiO2 affects the surface recombination centers, enhances electrical conductivity, and improves charge transport. For the first time, a TiO2-x photoanode was used in the photoelectrochemical (PEC) degradation of a textile dye (basic blue 41, B41) and ibuprofen (IBF) pharmaceutical using in situ generated reactive chlorine species (RCS). Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used to study the mechanisms for the degradation of B41 and IBF. Phytotoxicity tests of B41 and IBF solutions were performed using Lepidium sativum L. to evaluate the potential acute toxicity before and after the PEC treatment. The present work provides efficient PEC degradation of the B41 dye and IBF in the presence of RCS without generating harmful products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Machreki
- Materials
Research Laboratory, University of Nova
Gorica, Vipavska 11c, 5270 Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Takwa Chouki
- Materials
Research Laboratory, University of Nova
Gorica, Vipavska 11c, 5270 Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Georgi Tyuliev
- Institute
of Catalysis, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St., Bldg. 11, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Dušan Žigon
- Institute
“Jožef Stefan”, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bunsho Ohtani
- Catalysis
Research Center, Hokkaido University, N21, W10, 001-0021 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Alexandre Loukanov
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Institute of Technology, Gunma College, 580 Toriba, Maebashi 371-8530, Gunma, Japan
| | - Plamen Stefanov
- Institute
of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian
Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Saim Emin
- Materials
Research Laboratory, University of Nova
Gorica, Vipavska 11c, 5270 Ajdovščina, Slovenia
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3
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Environmentally Benign Nanoparticles for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Pharmaceutical Drugs. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A rapid rise in industrialization has led to the release of pharmaceutical pollutants into water bodies, rendering water inappropriate for consumption by humans and animals, challenging our efforts to achieve the clean water sustainable development goal. These pharmaceutical pollutants include antibiotics, anticancer drugs, antidepressants, etc., which are highly stable and persistent in water, in addition to being harmful to life. At times, the secondary pollutant that is formed after degradation is more potent than the parent drug. Conventional water purification methods cannot completely remove these pollutants. Hence, efficient and robust methods are required to degrade pharmaceutical waste. Photocatalytic degradation of drugs is deemed an efficient and effective method for environmental remediation, along with recovery of photocatalysts, which are important for recycling and sustainable use. Herein, we present the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) and their application for photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical waste as a preferred water treatment method. Additionally, green synthesis of photocatalytic nanomaterials offers the benefit of avoiding secondary pollution. The green synthesis of NPs is employed by using plant extracts that offer a number of metabolites as reducing agents or capping agents, as well as the use of microbes as green nanofactories to tackle the issue of water cleanliness with respect to pharmaceutical waste. Despite regulations concerning drug disposal, some underdeveloped countries do not enforce and practice these guidelines in letter and spirit. Hence, the current work presenting a promising water cleanliness method is expected to contribute to the assurance of strict policy compliance and enforcement, resulting in the resolution of the health concerns with respect to hazardous pharmaceutical waste disposal in water bodies.
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Gh. Ebraheim, Karbassi AR, Mehrdadi N. Employing a Photo-Electrochemical Process to Improve Wastewater Quality in Tehran, Iran. J WATER CHEM TECHNO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s1063455x22060042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Borrás-Jiménez D, Silva-López W, Nieto-Londoño C. Towards the Configuration of a Photoelectrocatalytic Reactor: Part 2-Selecting Photoreactor Flow Configuration and Operating Variables by a Numerical Approach. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3030. [PMID: 36080067 PMCID: PMC9457646 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to select a photoreactor flow configuration and operational conditions that maximize the Photocatalytic Space-time Yield in a photoelectrocatalytic reactor to degrade Reactive Red 239 textile dye. A numerical study by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was carried out to model the phenomena of momentum and species transport and surface reaction kinetics. The photoreactor flow configuration was selected between axial (AF) and tangential (TF) inlet and outlet flow, and it was found that the TF configuration generated a higher Space-time Yield (STY) than the AF geometry in both laminar and turbulent regimes due to the formation of a helical movement of the fluid, which generates velocity in the circumferential and axial directions. In contrast, the AF geometry generates a purely axial flow. In addition, to maximize the Photocatalytic Space-time Yield (PSTY), it is necessary to use solar radiation as an external radiation source when the flow is turbulent. In conclusion, the PSTY can be maximized up to a value of 45 g/day-kW at an inlet velocity of 0.2 m/s (inlet Reynolds of 2830), solar radiation for external illumination, and internal illumination by UV-LEDs of 14 W/m2, using a photoreactor based on tangent inlet and outlet flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Borrás-Jiménez
- Grupo de Investigación en Óptica y Espectroscopía, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050031, Colombia
| | - Wilber Silva-López
- Grupo de Investigación en Óptica y Espectroscopía, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050031, Colombia
| | - César Nieto-Londoño
- Grupo de Investigación en Energía y Termodinámica, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050031, Colombia
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Borrás-Jiménez D, Silva-López W, Nieto-Londoño C. Towards the Configuration of a Photoelectrocatalytic Reactor: Part 1—Determination of Photoelectrode Geometry and Optical Thickness by a Numerical Approach. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142385. [PMID: 35889609 PMCID: PMC9322096 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrocatalysis has been highlighted as a tertiary wastewater treatment in the textile industry due to its high dye mineralisation capacity. However, design improvements are necessary to overcome photo-reactors limitations. The present work proposes a preliminary configuration of a photoelectrocatalytic reactor to degrade Reactive Red 239 (RR239) textile dye, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyse the mass transfer rate, radiation intensity loss (RIL), and its effect on kinetics degradation, over a photoelectrode based on a TiO2 nanotube. A study to increase the space-time yield (STY) was carried out through mass transfer rate and kinetic analysis, varying the optical thickness (δ) between the radiation entrance and the photocatalytic surface, photoelectrode geometry, inlet flow rate, and the surface radiation intensity. The RIL was determined using a 1D Beer–Lambert-based model, and an extinction coefficient experimentally determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results show that in RR239 solutions below concentrations of 6 mg/L, a woven mesh photoelectrode and an optimal optical thickness δ of 1 cm is enough to keep the RIL below 15% and maximise the mass transfer and the STY in around 110 g/m3-day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Borrás-Jiménez
- Grupo de Investigación en Óptica y Espectroscopía, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050031, Colombia;
| | - Wilber Silva-López
- Grupo de Investigación en Óptica y Espectroscopía, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050031, Colombia;
- Correspondence:
| | - César Nieto-Londoño
- Grupo de Investigación en Energía y Termodinámica, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050031, Colombia;
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Abstract
Nowadays, water pollution is one of the most dangerous environmental problems in the world. The presence of the so-called emerging pollutants in the different water bodies, impossible to eliminate through conventional biological and physical treatments used in wastewater treatment plants due to their persistent and recalcitrant nature, means that pollution continues growing throughout the world. The presence of these emerging pollutants involves serious risks to human and animal health for aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Therefore, in recent years, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been postulated as a viable, innovative and efficient technology for the elimination of these types of compounds from water bodies. The oxidation/reduction reactions triggered in most of these processes require a suitable catalyst. The most recent research focuses on the use and development of different types of heterogeneous catalysts, which are capable of overcoming some of the operational limitations of homogeneous processes such as the generation of metallic sludge, difficult separation of treated water and narrow working pH. This review details the current advances in the field of heterogeneous AOPs, Fenton processes and photocatalysts for the removal of different types of emerging pollutants.
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Goulart LA, Santos GOS, Eguiluz KIB, Salazar-Banda GR, Lanza MRV, Saez C, Rodrigo MA. Towards a higher photostability of ZnO photo-electrocatalysts in the degradation of organics by using MMO substrates. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129451. [PMID: 33450425 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, it is proposed a novel strategy to increase the photostability of the ZnO photoelectrocatalyst under prolonged light irradiation, without the addition or deposition of metals and/or semiconductor oxides during their synthesis. This strategy is based on the use of a mixed metal oxide (MMO-Ru0.3Ti0.7O2) coating as the substrate for the electrodeposition of ZnO. To assess it, the electrodeposition of ZnO films on Ti and Ti/MMO substrates and the photoelectrocatalytic activity of these materials for the degradation of the herbicide clopyralid were studied. The results showed that the substrate directly influenced the photo-stability of the ZnO film. Under the incidence of UV light and polarization, the novel Ti/MMO/ZnO electrode showed greater photocurrent stability as compared to Ti/ZnO, which is a very important outcome because the behavior of these electrodes was similar when compared in terms of the degradation of clopyralid. Single electrolysis was not able to degrade efficiently clopyralid at the different potentials studied. However, the irradiation of UV light on the polarized surface of the Ti/ZnO and Ti/MMO/ZnO electrodes increased markedly the degradation rate of clopyralid. A synergistic effect was observed between light and electrode polarization, since the rate of degradation of clopyralid was twice as high in photoelectrocatalysis (PhEC) than in photocatalysis (PhC) and different intermediates were formed. From these results, mechanisms of degradation of clopyralid for the PhC and PhEC systems with the Ti/ZnO and Ti/MMO/ZnO electrodes were presented. Therefore, the Ti/MMO/ZnO electrode could be a cheap and simple alternative to be applied in the efficient photodegradation of organic pollutants, presenting the great advantage of having a facile synthesis and high capacity to work at relatively low potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena A Goulart
- Institute of Chemistry - São Carlos, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP-13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Géssica O S Santos
- Processes Engineering Post-graduation - PEP, Universidade Tiradentes, 49037-580, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Katlin I B Eguiluz
- Processes Engineering Post-graduation - PEP, Universidade Tiradentes, 49037-580, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Electrochemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Research and Technology Institute (ITP), Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo R Salazar-Banda
- Processes Engineering Post-graduation - PEP, Universidade Tiradentes, 49037-580, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Electrochemistry and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Research and Technology Institute (ITP), Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Marcos R V Lanza
- Institute of Chemistry - São Carlos, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP-13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Manuel A Rodrigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Comparison of Three Catalytic Processes in Degradation of HPAM by tBu-TPyzPzCo. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes a two-step synthesis process for the cobalt complex of tetra-2,3-(5,6-di-tert-butyl-pyrazino) porphyrazine (tBu-TPyzPzCo). The product was ultrasonically impregnated onto carbon black (CB) to prepare a supported catalyst (tBu-TPyzPzCo/CB). We built a split photoelectric catalytic device to test the performance of photocatalytic, electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic degradation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM). The results confirm that HPAM exhibited more efficient degradation in the presence of a supporting catalyst using the photoelectrocatalytic process than by photocatalytic or electrocatalytic oxidation—or even the sum of the two in saline water. The photoelectrocatalytic reaction confirmed that the process conforms to quasi-first order reaction kinetics, while the reaction rate constants were 6.03 times that of photocatalysis and 3.97 times that of electrocatalysis. We also compared the energy consumption of the three processes and found that the photoelectrocatalytic process has the highest energy efficiency.
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Zheng Z, Ng YH, Tang Y, Li Y, Chen W, Wang J, Li X, Li L. Visible-light-driven photoelectrocatalytic activation of chloride by nanoporous MoS 2@BiVO 4 photoanode for enhanced degradation of bisphenol A. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128279. [PMID: 33297223 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The massive emission of bisphenol A (BPA) has imposed adverse effects on both ecosystems and human health. Herein, nanoporous MoS2@BiVO4 photoanodes were fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of BPA. The photocurrent density of the optimized photoanode (MoS2-3@BiVO4) was 5.4 times as that of BiVO4 photoanode at 1.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl under visible light illumination, which was ascribed to the reduced recombination of photogenerated charge carriers of the well-designed hybrid structure. 10 ppm of BPA could be completely degraded in 75 min by MoS2-3@BiVO4 photoanode, with a bias of 1.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl and 100 mM of NaCl as the supporting electrolyte. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and free radicals scavenging experiments confirmed that chlorine oxide radical (•ClO) played a dominant role in the degradation of BPA. 14 intermediates were detected and identified during photoelectrocatalytic degradation of BPA by MoS2-3@BiVO4 photoanode and 3 pathways were proposed based on the above intermediates. The hybrid film exhibited high stability and reusability, and promising application potential in photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiao Zheng
- School of Environment, South China Normal University; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Hau Ng
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiming Tang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yaping Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weirui Chen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xukai Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Laisheng Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Sahmi A, Laib R, Omeiri S, Bensadok K, Trari M. Photoelectrochemical properties of Ba2TiO4 prepared by nitrate route. Application to electro-photocatalysis of phenobarbital mineralization by solar light. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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