1
|
Yan P, Wang J, Yue B, Wang X. Unraveling molecular aberrations and pioneering therapeutic strategies in osteosarcoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189171. [PMID: 39127243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a rare primary bone cancer, presents diverse molecular aberrations that underscore its complexity. Despite the persistent endeavors by researchers, the limited amelioration in the five-year survival rate indicates that current therapeutic strategies prove inadequate in addressing the clinical necessities. Advancements in molecular profiling have facilitated an enhanced comprehension of the biology of osteosarcoma, offering a promising outlook for treatment. There is an urgent need to develop innovative approaches to address the complex challenges of osteosarcoma, ultimately contributing to enhanced patient outcomes. This review explores the nexus between osteosarcoma and cancer predisposition syndromes, intricacies in its somatic genome, and clinically actionable alterations. This review covers treatment strategies, including surgery, chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Innovative treatment modalities targeting diverse pathways, including multi-target tyrosine kinases, cell cycle, PI3K/mTOR pathway, and DNA damage repair (DDR), offer promising interventions. This review also covers promising avenues, including antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and immunotherapy strategies, such as cytokines, adoptive cellular therapy (ACT), ICIs, and cancer vaccines. This comprehensive exploration contributes to a holistic understanding, offering guidance for clinical applications to advance the management of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Bin Yue
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China.
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou C, Qian G, Wang Y, Li H, Shen Z, Zheng S. Safety and efficacy of fruquintinib-based therapy in patients with advanced or metastatic sarcoma. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7438. [PMID: 38967496 PMCID: PMC11225144 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fruquintinib-based therapy as a salvage therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic sarcoma, including soft tissue sarcoma (STS) and bone sarcoma. METHODS Patients with advanced or metastatic sarcoma were divided into two groups. One group received fruquintinib monotherapy, while the other received fruquintinib combined therapy. Safety and efficacy of fruquintinib-based therapy were recorded and reviewed retrospectively, including progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS Between August 2021 and December 2022, 38 sarcoma patients were retrospectively included. A total of 14 patients received fruquintinib alone (including 6 STS and 8 bone sarcoma), while 24 were treated with fruquintinib combined therapy (including 2 STS and 22 bone sarcoma). The median follow-up was 10.2 months (95% CI, 6.4-11.5). For the entire population, the median PFS was 8.0 months (95% CI, 5.5-13.0). The ORR was 13.1%, while the disease control rate (DCR) was 86.8%. The univariate analysis showed that radiotherapy history (HR, 4.56; 95% CI, 1.70-12.24; p = 0.003), bone sarcoma (HR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.14-0.87; p = 0.024), and treatment method of fruquintinib (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.15-0.85; p = 0.021) were significantly associated with PFS. The multivariate analysis showed that patients without radiotherapy history were associated with a better PFS (HR, 3.71; 95% CI: 1.31-10.55; p = 0.014) than patients with radiotherapy history. Patients in combination group reported pneumothorax (8.3%), leukopenia (33.3%), thrombocytopenia (12.5%), diarrhea (4.2%), and anemia (4.2%) as the most frequent grade 3 or higher treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs), while there was no severe TEAEs occurred in the monotherapy group. CONCLUSIONS Fruquintinib-based therapy displayed an optimal tumor control and an acceptable safety profile in patients with advanced or metastatic sarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenliang Zhou
- Department of OncologyShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Guowei Qian
- Department of OncologyShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of OncologyShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hongtao Li
- Department of OncologyShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of OncologyShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shuier Zheng
- Department of OncologyShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Q, Xing C, Zhang Q, Du Z, Kong J, Qian Z. PDE1B, a potential biomarker associated with tumor microenvironment and clinical prognostic significance in osteosarcoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13790. [PMID: 38877061 PMCID: PMC11178771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
PDE1B had been found to be involved in various diseases, including tumors and non-tumors. However, little was known about the definite role of PDE1B in osteosarcoma. Therefore, we mined public data on osteosarcoma to reveal the prognostic values and immunological roles of the PDE1B gene. Three osteosarcoma-related datasets from online websites were utilized for further data analysis. R 4.3.2 software was utilized to conduct difference analysis, prognostic analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), nomogram construction, and immunological evaluations, respectively. Experimental verification of the PDE1B gene in osteosarcoma was conducted by qRT-PCR and western blot, based on the manufacturer's instructions. The PDE1B gene was discovered to be lowly expressed in osteosarcoma, and its low expression was associated with poor OS (all P < 0.05). Experimental verifications by qRT-PCR and western blot results remained consistent (all P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the PDE1B gene had independent abilities in predicting OS in the TARGET osteosarcoma dataset (both P < 0.05). GSEA revealed that PDE1B was markedly linked to the calcium, cell cycle, chemokine, JAK STAT, and VEGF pathways. Moreover, PDE1B was found to be markedly associated with immunity (all P < 0.05), and the TIDE algorithm further shed light on that patients with high-PDE1B expression would have a better immune response to immunotherapies than those with low-PDE1B expression, suggesting that the PDE1B gene could prevent immune escape from osteosarcoma. The PDE1B gene was found to be a tumor suppressor gene in osteosarcoma, and its high expression was related to a better OS prognosis, suppressing immune escape from osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhong Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Affiliated Hospital and Medical School of Nantong University, No.20 West Temple Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chunmiao Xing
- Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Affiliated Hospital and Medical School of Nantong University, No.20 West Temple Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhijun Du
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, No.399 Century Avenue, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, No.399 Century Avenue, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhongwei Qian
- Department of Hand Surgery, Affiliated Hospital and Medical School of Nantong University, No.20 West Temple Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mohr A, Marques Da Costa ME, Fromigue O, Audinot B, Balde T, Droit R, Abbou S, Khneisser P, Berlanga P, Perez E, Marchais A, Gaspar N. From biology to personalized medicine: Recent knowledge in osteosarcoma. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 69:104941. [PMID: 38677541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2024.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcoma is the most common paediatric bone cancer. More than one third of patients relapse and die of osteosarcoma using current chemotherapeutic and surgical strategies. To improve outcomes in osteosarcoma, two crucial challenges need to be tackled: 1-the identification of hard-to-treat disease, ideally from diagnosis; 2- choosing the best combined or novel therapies to eradicate tumor cells which are resistant to current therapies leading to disease dissemination and metastasize as well as their favorable microenvironment. Genetic chaos, tumor complexity and heterogeneity render this task difficult. The development of new technologies like next generation sequencing has led to an improvement in osteosarcoma oncogenesis knownledge. This review summarizes recent biological and therapeutical advances in osteosarcoma, as well as the challenges that must be overcome in order to develop personalized medicine and new therapeutic strategies and ultimately improve patient survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Mohr
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Olivia Fromigue
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U981, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Baptiste Audinot
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Thierno Balde
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Robin Droit
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Samuel Abbou
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Khneisser
- Department of medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pablo Berlanga
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Esperanza Perez
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonin Marchais
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zorba BI, Boyacıoğlu Ö, Çağlayan T, Reçber T, Nemutlu E, Eroğlu İ, Korkusuz P. CB65 and novel CB65 liposomal system suppress MG63 and Saos-2 osteosarcoma cell growth in vitro. J Liposome Res 2024; 34:274-287. [PMID: 37740901 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2023.2262025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Curable approaches for primary osteosarcoma are inadequate and urge investigation of novel therapeutic formulations. Cannabinoid ligands exert antiproliferative and apoptotic effect on osteosarcoma cells via cannabinoid 2 (CB2) or transient receptor potential vanilloid type (TRPV1) receptors. In this study, we confirmed CB2 receptor expression in MG63 and Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry (FCM), then reported the reduction effect of synthetic specific CB2 receptor agonist CB65 on the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by WST-1 (water-soluble tetrazolium-1) and RTCA (real-time impedance-based proliferation). CB65 revealed an IC50 (inhibitory concentration) for MG63 and Saos-2 cells as 1.11 × 10-11 and 4.95 × 10-11 M, respectively. The specific antiproliferative effect of CB65 on osteosarcoma cells was inhibited by CB2 antagonist AM630. CB65 induced late apoptosis of MG63 and Saos-2 cells at 24 and 48 h, respectively by FCM when applied submaximal concentration. A novel CB65 liposomal system was generated by a thin film hydration method with optimal particle size (141.7 ± 0.6 nm), polydispersity index (0.451 ± 0.026), and zeta potential (-10.9 ± 0.3 mV) values. The encapsulation efficiency (EE%) of the CB65-loaded liposomal formulation was 51.12%. The CB65 and CB65-loaded liposomal formulation releasing IC50 of CB65 reduced proliferation by RTCA and invasion by scratch assay and induced late apoptosis of MG63 and Saos-2 cells, by FCM. Our results demonstrate the CB2 receptor-mediated antiproliferative and apoptotic effect of a new liposomal CB65 delivery system on osteosarcoma cells that can be used as a targeted and intelligent tool for bone tumors to ameliorate pediatric bone cancers following in vivo validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Başak Işıl Zorba
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Boyacıoğlu
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Atılım University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Çağlayan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuba Reçber
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Nemutlu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İpek Eroğlu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Petek Korkusuz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mustokoweni S, Mahyudin F, Setiawati R, Nugrahenny D, Hidayat M, Kalim H, Mintaroem K, Fitri LE, Hogendoorn PCW. Correlation of High-Grade Osteosarcoma Response to Chemotherapy with Enhanced Tissue Immunological Response: Analysis of CD95R, IFN-γ, Catalase, Hsp70, and VEGF. Virchows Arch 2024; 484:925-937. [PMID: 38748263 PMCID: PMC11186924 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-024-03801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcoma, a primary malignant bone tumour, is experiencing a global increase in reported incidence with varied prevalence. Despite advances in management, which include surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy often an unsatisfactory outcome is found due to poor or heterogeneous response to chemotherapy. Our study delved into chemotherapy responses in osteosarcoma patients and associated molecular expressions, focusing on CD95 receptor (CD95R), interferon (IFN)-γ, catalase, heat-shock protein (Hsp)70, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Employing immunohistochemistry and Huvos grading of post-chemo specimens, we analysed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) osteosarcoma tissue of resected post-chemotherapy specimens from Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia (DSGAH), spanning from 2016 to 2020. Results revealed varied responses (poor 40.38%, moderate 48.08%, good 11.54%) and distinct patterns in CD95R, IFN-γ, catalase, Hsp70, and VEGF expression. Significant differences among response groups were observed in CD95R and IFN-γ expression in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes. The trend of diminishing CD95R expression from poor to good responses, accompanied by an increase in IFN-γ, implied a reduction in the count of viable osteosarcoma cells with the progression of Huvos grading. Catalase expression in osteosarcoma cells was consistently elevated in the poor response group, while Hsp70 expression was highest. VEGF expression in macrophages was significantly higher in the good response group. In conclusion, this study enhances our understanding of immune-chemotherapy interactions in osteosarcoma and identifies potential biomarkers for targeted interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sjahjenny Mustokoweni
- Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr, Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 6-8, Airlangga, Gubeng, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Ferdiansyah Mahyudin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr, Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rosy Setiawati
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr, Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dian Nugrahenny
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Mohamad Hidayat
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya/Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Handono Kalim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya/Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Karyono Mintaroem
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Loeki Enggar Fitri
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Pancras C W Hogendoorn
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr, Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 6-8, Airlangga, Gubeng, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zou C, Huang R, Lin T, Wang Y, Tu J, Zhang L, Wang B, Huang J, Zhao Z, Xie X, Huang G, Wang K, Yin J, Shen J. Age-dependent molecular variations in osteosarcoma: implications for precision oncology across pediatric, adolescent, and adult patients. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1382276. [PMID: 38841159 PMCID: PMC11150704 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1382276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is a leading subtype of bone tumor affecting adolescents and adults. Comparative molecular characterization among different age groups, especially in pediatric, adolescents and adults, is scarce. Methods We collected samples from 194 osteosarcoma patients, encompassing pediatric, adolescent, and adult cohorts. Genomic analyses were conducted to reveal prevalent mutations and compare molecular features in pediatric, adolescent, and adult patients. Results Samples from 194 osteosarcoma patients across pediatric to adult ages were analyzed, revealing key mutations such as TP53, FLCN, NCOR1, and others. Children and adolescents showed more gene amplifications and HRD mutations, while adults had a greater Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB). Mutations in those over 15 were mainly in cell cycle and PI3K/mTOR pathways, while under 15s had more in cell cycle and angiogenesis with higher VEGFA, CCND3, TFEB mutations. CNV patterns varied with age: VEGFA and XPO5 amplifications more in under 25s, and CDKN2A/B deletions in over 25s. Genetic alterations in genes like MCL1 and MYC were associated with poor prognosis, with VEGFA mutations also indicating worse outcomes. 58% of patients had actionable mutations, suggesting opportunities for targeted therapies. Age-specific patterns were observed, with Multi-TKI mutations more common in younger patients and CDK4/6 inhibitor mutations in adults, highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches in osteosarcoma. In a small group of patients with VEGFR amplification, postoperative treatment with multi-kinase inhibitors resulted in a PR in 3 of 13 cases, especially in patients under 15. A significant case involved a 13-year-old with a notable tumor size reduction achieving PR, even with other genetic alterations present in some patients with PD. Conclusion This study delineates the molecular differences among pediatric, adolescent, and adult osteosarcoma patients at the genomic level, emphasizing the necessity for precision diagnostics and treatment strategies, and may offer novel prognostic biomarkers for patients with osteosarcoma. These findings provide a significant scientific foundation for the development of individualized treatment approaches tailored to patients of different age groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changye Zou
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renxuan Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiao Lin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jian Tu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Bo Wang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianbiao Xie
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Junqiang Yin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingnan Shen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li W, Liu J, Cai T, Hu X. TCF12 Transcriptionally Activates SPHK1 to Induce Osteosarcoma Angiogenesis by Promoting the S1P/S1PR4/STAT3 Axis. Mol Cell Biol 2024; 44:178-193. [PMID: 38767243 PMCID: PMC11123469 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2024.2341781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor 12 (TCF12) is a known oncogene in many cancers. However, whether TCF12 can regulate malignant phenotypes and angiogenesis in osteosarcoma is not elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated increased expression of TCF12 in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. High TCF12 expression was associated with metastasis and poor survival rate of osteosarcoma patients. Knockdown of TCF12 reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. TCF12 was found to bind to the promoter region of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) to induce transcriptional activation of SPHK1 expression and enhance the secretion of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which eventually resulted in the malignant phenotypes of osteosarcoma cells. In addition, S1P secreted by osteosarcoma cells promoted the angiogenesis of HUVECs by targeting S1PR4 on the cell membrane to activate the STAT3 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that TCF12 may induce transcriptional activation of SPHK1 to promote the synthesis and secretion of S1P. This process likely enhances the malignant phenotypes of osteosarcoma cells and induces angiogenesis via the S1PR4/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jitong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ting Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xia Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Song J, Shao L, Yu H, Meng C, Li G. Self-Assembly of Sulfate-Containing Peptides Sequesters VEGF for Inhibiting Cancer Cell Invasion. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3087-3097. [PMID: 38584438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) play a crucial role in regulating cancer growth and migration by mediating interactions with growth factors. In this study, we developed a self-assembling peptide (S1) containing a sulfate group to simulate the contiguous sulfated regions (S-domains) in heparan sulfate for growth factor binding, aiming to sequester growth factors like VEGF. Spectral and structural studies as well as simulation studies suggested that S1 self-assembled into nanostructures similar to the heparan sulfate chains and effectively bound to VEGF. On cancer cell surfaces, S1 self-assemblies sequestered VEGF, leading to a reduction in VEGF levels in the medium, consequently inhibiting cancer cell growth, invasion, and angiogenesis. This study highlights the potential of self-assembling peptides to emulate extracellular matrix functions, offering insights for future cancer therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Song
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P. R. China
| | - Liang Shao
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P. R. China
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hongwen Yu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P. R. China
| | - Caiting Meng
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P. R. China
| | - Guanying Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P. R. China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dogan I, Paksoy N, Basaran M. Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in adult metastatic osteosarcoma patients. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:979-983. [PMID: 39023606 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2581_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited data on the efficacy of targeted therapy in metastatic osteosarcoma. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of sorafenib in adult patients with heavily pretreated metastatic osteosarcoma. METHOD Patients with metastatic osteosarcoma aged more than 18 years were assessed retrospectively. The patients' clinical, pathological, and therapeutic data were collected. For survival analysis, Kaplan-Meier models were used. RESULTS The research involved 15 patients. The ratio of male and female patients was 2/1, with a median age of 25 years (range: 19-64 years). The most common primary tumor localization was the extremities (66.6%). Fourteen (93.3%) patients had previously received palliative chemotherapy and six (40%) patients had palliative radiotherapy. The median progression-free survival was found as 5.5 months (95% confidence interval, 1.3-9.7). A stable response was observed in seven (46.6%) patients and progressive disease in eight (53.4%) patients. Grade 1-2 toxicities were detected in 50% of the patients, while grade 3-4 toxicities were observed in 14.3% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated real-life results of sorafenib for disease management in pretreated adult patients with metastatic osteosarcoma in the study. Sorafenib was effective for disease control and well tolerated in the patients. Sorafenib may be a treatment option for disease control after the disease progresses with chemotherapy in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izzet Dogan
- Medical Oncology, Istanbul University Institute of Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hashemi M, Razzazan M, Bagheri M, Asadi S, Jamali B, Khalafi M, Azimi A, Rad S, Behroozaghdam M, Nabavi N, Rashidi M, Dehkhoda F, Taheriazam A, Entezari M. Versatile function of AMPK signaling in osteosarcoma: An old player with new emerging carcinogenic functions. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154849. [PMID: 37837858 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling has a versatile role in Osteosarcoma (OS), an aggressive bone malignancy with a poor prognosis, particularly in cases that have metastasized or recurred. This review explores the regulatory mechanisms, functional roles, and therapeutic applications of AMPK signaling in OS. It focuses on the molecular activation of AMPK and its interactions with cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. The uncertain role of AMPK in cancer is also discussed, highlighting its potential as both a tumor suppressor and a contributor to carcinogenesis. The therapeutic potential of targeting AMPK signaling in OS treatment is examined, including direct and indirect activators like metformin, A-769662, resveratrol, and salicylate. Further research is needed to determine dosing, toxicities, and molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-osteosarcoma effects of these compounds. This review underscores the complex involvement of AMPK signaling in OS and emphasizes the need for a comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms. By elucidating the role of AMPK in OS, the aim is to pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches that target this pathway, ultimately improving the prognosis and quality of life for OS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Razzazan
- Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Maryam Bagheri
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Asadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behdokht Jamali
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Kherad Institute of Higher Education, Bushehr, lran
| | - Maryam Khalafi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics,Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kish International Branch, Kish, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Azimi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics,Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kish International Branch, Kish, Iran
| | - Sepideh Rad
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics,Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kish International Branch, Kish, Iran
| | - Mitra Behroozaghdam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Farshid Dehkhoda
- Department of Orthopedics, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nirala BK, Yamamichi T, Petrescu DI, Shafin TN, Yustein JT. Decoding the Impact of Tumor Microenvironment in Osteosarcoma Progression and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5108. [PMID: 37894474 PMCID: PMC10605493 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a heterogeneous, highly metastatic bone malignancy in children and adolescents. Despite advancements in multimodal treatment strategies, the prognosis for patients with metastatic or recurrent disease has not improved significantly in the last four decades. OS is a highly heterogeneous tumor; its genetic background and the mechanism of oncogenesis are not well defined. Unfortunately, no effective molecular targeted therapy is currently available for this disease. Understanding osteosarcoma's tumor microenvironment (TME) has recently gained much interest among scientists hoping to provide valuable insights into tumor heterogeneity, progression, metastasis, and the identification of novel therapeutic avenues. Here, we review the current understanding of the TME of OS, including different cellular and noncellular components, their crosstalk with OS tumor cells, and their involvement in tumor progression and metastasis. We also highlight past/current clinical trials targeting the TME of OS for effective therapies and potential future therapeutic strategies with negligible adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jason T. Yustein
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (B.K.N.); (T.Y.); (D.I.P.); (T.N.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bian J, Liu Y, Zhao X, Meng C, Zhang Y, Duan Y, Wang G. Research progress in the mechanism and treatment of osteosarcoma. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2412-2420. [PMID: 37649421 PMCID: PMC10586865 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor that more commonly occurs in children and adolescents. The most commonly used treatment for OS is surgery combined with chemotherapy, but the treatment outcomes are typically unsatisfactory. High rates of metastasis and post-treatment recurrence rates are major challenges in the treatment of OS. This underlines the need for studying the in-depth characterization of the pathogenetic mechanisms of OS and development of more effective therapeutic modalities. Previous studies have demonstrated the important role of the bone microenvironment and the regulation of signaling pathways in the occurrence and development of OS. In this review, we discussed the available evidence pertaining to the mechanisms of OS development and identified therapeutic targets for OS. We also summarized the available treatment modalities for OS and identified future priorities for therapeutics research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Bian
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital Of Jining, Jining, Shandong 272049, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhao
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China
| | - Chunyang Meng
- Department of Spine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China
| | - Yuanmin Zhang
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China
| | - Yangmiao Duan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang R, Xu M, Guo W, Cheng M, Dong R, Tu J, Xu S, Zou C. Network pharmacology and experimental verification-based strategy for exploring the mechanisms of luteolin in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:213. [PMID: 37749554 PMCID: PMC10521544 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Luteolin is an active ingredient in various traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of multiple tumors. However, the mechanisms of its inhibitory effect on osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis remain unclear. PURPOSE To elucidate the anti-osteosarcoma mechanisms of luteolin based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. STUDY DESIGN Integrate network pharmacology predictions, scRNA-seq analysis, molecular docking, and experimental validation. METHODS Luteolin-related targets and osteosarcoma-associated targets were collected from several public databases. The luteolin against osteosarcoma targets were screened and a PPI network was constructed to identify the hub targets. The GO and KEGG enrichment of osteosarcoma-associated targets and luteolin against osteosarcoma targets were performed. And scRNA-seq analysis was performed to determine the distribution of the core target expression in OS tissues. Molecular docking, cell biological assays, and osteosarcoma orthotopic mouse model was performed to validate the inhibitory effect and mechanisms of luteolin on osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis. RESULTS Network pharmacology showed that 251 luteolin against osteosarcoma targets and 8 hub targets including AKT1, ALB, CASP3, IL6, JUN, STAT3, TNF, and VEGFA, and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway might play an important role in anti-osteosarcoma of luteolin. Analysis of public data revealed that AKT1, IL6, JUN, STAT3, TNF, and VEGFA expression in OS tissue was significantly higher than that in normal bones, and the diagnostic value of VEGFA for overall survival and metastasis was increased over time. scRNA-seq analysis revealed significantly higher expression of AKT1, STAT3, and VEGFA in MYC+ osteoblastic OS cells, especially in primary samples. Moreover, the docking activity between luteolin and the hub targets was excellent, as verified by molecular docking. Experimental results showed that luteolin could inhibit cell viability and significantly decrease the expression of AKT1, STAT3, IL6, TNF, and VEGFA, and luteolin could also inhibit osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis in osteosarcoma orthotopic mouse model. CONCLUSION This study shows that luteolin may regulate multiple signaling pathways by targeting various genes like AKT1, STAT3, IL6, TNF, and VEGFA to inhibit osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renxuan Huang
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mingxian Xu
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weitang Guo
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mingzhe Cheng
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jian Tu
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shao Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Changye Zou
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yu L, Fan G, Wang Q, Zhu Y, Zhu H, Chang J, Wang Z, Zhan S, Hua X, She D, Huang J, Wang Y, Zhao J, Zhang CY, Chen X, Zhou G. In vivo self-assembly and delivery of VEGFR2 siRNA-encapsulated small extracellular vesicles for lung metastatic osteosarcoma therapy. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:626. [PMID: 37739958 PMCID: PMC10516902 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06159-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of lung metastatic osteosarcoma (OS) remains disappointing. siRNA-based gene silencing of VEGFR2 is a promising treatment strategy for lung metastatic OS, but there is a lack of safe and efficient delivery systems to encapsulate siRNAs for in vivo administration. This study presented a synthetic biological strategy that remolds the host liver with synthesized genetic circuits for efficient in vivo VEGFR2 siRNA delivery. After being taken-up by hepatocytes, the genetic circuit (in the form of a DNA plasmid) reprogrammed the liver to drive the autonomous intrahepatic assembly and encapsulation of VEGFR2 siRNAs into secretory small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), thus allowing for the transport of self-assembled VEGFR2 siRNAs towards the lung. The results showed that our strategy was superior to the positive medicine (Apatinib) for OS lung metastasis in terms of therapeutic efficacy and toxic adverse effects and may provide a feasible and viable therapeutic solution for lung metastatic OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Gentao Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Qingyan Wang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Shoubin Zhan
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xianming Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Diankun She
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Jianhao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Jianning Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Guangxin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
- Wuxi Xishan NJU Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Quan B, Li Z, Yang H, Li S, Yan X, Wang Y. The splicing factor YBX1 promotes the progression of osteosarcoma by upregulating VEGF 165 and downregulating VEGF 165b. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18706. [PMID: 37554848 PMCID: PMC10405001 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
VEGF165 and its isoform VEGF165b have the same length but opposite functions in cancer. Some studies have indicated the important role of VEGF165 in osteosarcoma (OS); however, VEGF165b has not been taken into consideration. This study aims to clarify the roles of the two isoforms in OS and the mechanism controlling their formation from an alternative splicing perspective. By in vivo and in vitro experiments, we assessed the expression and function of VEGF165 and VEGF165b, screened the underlying splicing factors, and verified the regulatory function of splicing factor YBX1 on the two isoforms and its role in OS. The results showed that in OS, VEGF165 was upregulated but VEGF165b was downregulated. VEGF165 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells and induced angiogenesis in OS tumours; however, VEGF165b showed the opposite function. Of the four screened splicing factors, YBX1 was upregulated in OS tissues. It was positively correlated with VEGF165 but negatively correlated with VEGF165b. Further study indicated that YBX1 could upregulate VEGF165 but downregulate VEGF165b. Moreover, YBX1 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells and induced angiogenesis in OS tumours. OS patients with higher YBX1 had a poor prognosis within five years, but this difference disappeared in a longer follow-up. In conclusion, VEGF165b was antineoplastic and downregulated in OS, in contrast to VEGF165. YBX1 was found to be an important splicing factor that increased VEGF165 but decreased VEGF165b. Targeting YBX1 could endogenously alter the levels of VEGF165 and VEGF165b simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingxuan Quan
- The Fifth Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- The Fifth Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- The Fifth Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Shuo Li
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiuchun Yan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yansong Wang
- The Fifth Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shi B, Chang J, Sun X, Ma X, Zhao P, Zhou C, Wang Y, Yang Y. A meta-analysis: the clinical value of PD-1 inhibitor or protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of advanced osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1148735. [PMID: 37377920 PMCID: PMC10291171 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1148735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds PD-1 inhibitors and TKIs have been used to treat advanced osteosarcoma, but there is still a lack of intuitive data for the comparison of their efficacy. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate their therapeutic benefits. Methods A systematic methodological search of five primary electronic databases was performed. Studies with a randomized design of any type about PD-1 inhibitors or TKIs for the treatment of advanced osteosarcoma were included. The primary outcomes mainly included CBR, PFS, OS and ORR, The CR, PR, SD and AEs were the secondary outcomes. The survival period (months) of patients was taken as the main analysis data. Random-effects models were used for meta-analysis. Results Eight immunocheckpoint inhibitors in 327 patients from 10 clinical trials were finally evaluated. For OS, TKIs [11.67 months (95% CI, 9.32-14.01)] show more obvious advantages than PD-1 inhibitors [6.37 months (95% CI, 3.96-8.78)]. For PFS, TKIs [4.79 months (95% CI, 3.33-6.24)] are longer than PD-1 inhibitors [1.46 months (95% CI, 1.23-1.69)]. Although there was no fatal event, attention should still be paid, especially during the combined application of PD-1 inhibitors with TKIs since their obvious AEs. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that patients with advanced osteosarcoma, TKIs may be more beneficial than PD-1 inhibitors. TKIs combined with PD-1 inhibitors has a bright future in the treatment of advanced osteosarcoma, but we should always pay attention to the strong side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binhao Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Junli Chang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyuan Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Chujie Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Todosenko N, Khlusov I, Yurova K, Khaziakhmatova O, Litvinova L. Signal Pathways and microRNAs in Osteosarcoma Growth and the Dual Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108993. [PMID: 37240338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The major challenges in Osteosarcoma (OS) therapy are its heterogeneity and drug resistance. The development of new therapeutic approaches to overcome the major growth mechanisms of OS is urgently needed. The search for specific molecular targets and promising innovative approaches in OS therapy, including drug delivery methods, is an urgent problem. Modern regenerative medicine focuses on harnessing the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) because they have low immunogenicity. MSCs are important cells that have received considerable attention in cancer research. Currently, new cell-based methods for using MSCs in medicine are being actively investigated and tested, especially as carriers for chemotherapeutics, nanoparticles, and photosensitizers. However, despite the inexhaustible regenerative potential and known anticancer properties of MSCs, they may trigger the development and progression of bone tumors. A better understanding of the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms of OS pathogenesis is essential to identify novel molecular effectors involved in oncogenesis. The current review focuses on signaling pathways and miRNAs involved in the development of OS and describes the role of MSCs in oncogenesis and their potential for antitumor cell-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Todosenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Igor Khlusov
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Microfluidic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, 2, Moskovskii Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Kristina Yurova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Microfluidic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, 2, Moskovskii Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Velayutham NK, Thamaraikani T, Wahab S, Khalid M, Ramachawolran G, Abullais SS, Wong LS, Sekar M, Gan SH, Ebenezer AJ, Ravikumar M, Subramaniyan V, Mat Rani NNI, Wu YS, Jeyabalan S. Stylopine: A potential natural metabolite to block vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in osteosarcoma therapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1150270. [PMID: 37056983 PMCID: PMC10086168 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1150270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signals cell survival, cell migration, osteogenesis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and vascular permeability by binding to VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone cancer, majorly affects young adults. Activation of VEGFR-2 signaling is a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. The present study aimed to evaluate the potency of stylopine in regulation of the VEGFR-2 signaling pathway and its anti-tumour effect human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. The in silico study on benzylisoquinoline alkaloids was carried out for analyzing and shortlisting of compounds using a virtual screening, Lipinski's rule, bioavailability graphical RADAR plot, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and molecular docking studies. Among the benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, stylopine was selected and subjected to in-vitro studies against human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. Various experiments such as MTT assay, EtBr/AO staining, mitochondrial membrane potential assessment, transwell migration assay, gene expression analysis by a quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method, SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting were performed to evaluate its anti-tumour effect as compared to standard axitinib. The MTT assay indicates that stylopine inhibits cell proliferation in MG-63 cells. Similarly, as confirmed by the EtBr/Ao staining method, the MMP assay indicates that stylopine induces mitochondrial membrane damage and apoptosis as compared to axitinib. Moreover, stylopine inhibits the VEGF-165 induced MG-63 cell migration by a trans-well migration assay. The immunoblotting and qRT-PCR analysis showed that stylopine inhibits the VEGF-165 induced VEGFR2 expression in MG-63 cells. It is concluded that stylopine has potential to regulate VEGFR2 and can inhibit osteosarcoma cells to offer a new drug candidate for the treatment of bone cancer in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar Velayutham
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tamilanban Thamaraikani
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gobinath Ramachawolran
- Department of Foundation, RCSI and UCD Malaysia Campus, George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Mrinalini Ravikumar
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Srikanth Jeyabalan
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li S, Zhang H, Liu J, Shang G. Targeted therapy for osteosarcoma: a review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04614-4. [PMID: 36807762 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant tumour of the bone that usually occurs in children and adolescents. It is characterised by difficult treatment, recurrence and metastasis, and poor prognosis. Currently, the treatment of osteosarcoma is mainly based on surgery and auxiliary chemotherapy. However, for recurrent and some primary osteosarcoma cases, owing to the rapid progression of disease and chemotherapy resistance, the effects of chemotherapy are poor. With the rapid development of tumour-targeted therapy, molecular-targeted therapy for osteosarcoma has shown promise. PURPOSE In this paper, we review the molecular mechanisms, related targets, and clinical applications of targeted osteosarcoma therapy. In doing this, we provide a summary of recent literature on the characteristics of targeted osteosarcoma therapy, the advantages of its clinical application, and development of targeted therapy in future. We aim to provide new insights into the treatment of osteosarcoma. CONCLUSION Targeted therapy shows potential in the treatment of osteosarcoma and may offer an important means of precise and personalised treatment in the future, but drug resistance and adverse effects may limit its application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhe Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China.,Graduate School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guanning Shang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hu Z, Wen S, Huo Z, Wang Q, Zhao J, Wang Z, Chen Y, Zhang L, Zhou F, Guo Z, Liu H, Zhou S. Current Status and Prospects of Targeted Therapy for Osteosarcoma. Cells 2022; 11:3507. [PMID: 36359903 PMCID: PMC9653755 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly malignant tumor occurring in bone tissue with a high propensity to metastasize, and its underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. The OS prognosis is poor, and improving the survival of OS patients remains a challenge. Current treatment methods such as surgical approaches, chemotherapeutic drugs, and immunotherapeutic drugs remain ineffective. As research progresses, targeted therapy is gradually becoming irreplaceable. In this review, several treatment modalities for osteosarcoma, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are briefly described, followed by a discussion of targeted therapy, the important targets, and new technologies for osteosarcoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zunguo Hu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Shuang Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Zijun Huo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jiantao Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Zhangyu Guo
- Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Huancai Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Shuanhu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bao Z, Zhu R, Fan H, Ye Y, Li T, Chai D. Aberrant expression of SPAG6 and NM23 predicts poor prognosis of human osteosarcoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:1012548. [PMID: 36199573 PMCID: PMC9527292 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1012548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of sperm-associated antigen 6 and NM23 proteins in human osteosarcoma.Methods: The specimens of conventional osteosarcoma with follow-up from 42 Chinese patients were analyzed in this study, and 12 cases of osteochondroma were considered controls. The expression of SPAG6 and NM23 was inspected using immunohistochemical staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting methods.Results: The positive expression rate of SPAG6 protein (71.43%) in 42 cases of osteosarcoma tissue was significantly higher than that (33.33%) in 12 cases of osteochondroma tissues (p < 0.05), while the positive rate of NM23 protein (35.71%) in osteosarcoma tissue was lower than that (58.33%) in osteochondroma tissue (p < 0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of SPAG6 were significantly higher than those of the adjacent normal tissues, while the expression of NM23 was lower in osteosarcoma tissues than that in the controls (p < 0.05 for all). There was a positive relationship between the expression of SPAG6 and pathological grade, metastasis, and Enneking stage (p < 0.05 for all). The overall survival rate of osteosarcoma patients with SPAG6 positive expression was significantly lower than that with SPAG6 negative expression. The relationship between the expression of NM23 and pathological grade, metastasis, and Enneking stage was negative (p < 0.05 for all). The overall survival rate of the osteosarcoma patients with NM23 positive expression was higher than that of the patients with NM23 negative expression (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Overexpression of SPAG6 and low expression of NM23 are negatively related to pathological grade, metastasis, and Enneking stage and prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. This suggested that SPAG6 and NM23 should be considered candidate prognostic biomarkers for patients with osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengqi Bao, ; Tian Li, ; Damin Chai,
| | - Ruizhi Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Huagang Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Yuchen Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengqi Bao, ; Tian Li, ; Damin Chai,
| | - Damin Chai
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengqi Bao, ; Tian Li, ; Damin Chai,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Circular RNA circFIRRE drives osteosarcoma progression and metastasis through tumorigenic-angiogenic coupling. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:167. [PMID: 35986280 PMCID: PMC9389772 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01624-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Disappointing clinical efficacy of standard treatment has been proven in refractory metastatic osteosarcoma, and the emerging anti-angiogenic regimens are still in the infantile stage. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic approach for osteosarcoma lung metastasis. Methods circFIRRE was selected from RNA-sequencing of 4 matched osteosarcoma and adjacent samples. The expression of circFIRRE was verified in clinical osteosarcoma samples and cell lines via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The effect of circFIRRE was investigated in cell lines in vitro models, ex vivo models and in vivo xenograft tumor models, including proliferation, invasion, migration, metastasis and angiogenesis. Signaling regulatory mechanism was evaluated by RT-qPCR, Western blot, RNA pull-down and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Results In this article, a novel circular RNA, circFIRRE (hsa_circ_0001944) was screened out and identified from RNA-sequencing, and was upregulated in both osteosarcoma cell lines and tissues. Clinically, aberrantly upregulated circFIRRE portended higher metastatic risk and worse prognosis in osteosarcoma patients. Functionally, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experiments demonstrated that circFIRRE could drive primary osteosarcoma progression and lung metastasis by inducing both tumor cells and blood vessels, we call as “tumorigenic-angiogenic coupling”. Mechanistically, upregulated circFIRRE was induced by transcription factor YY1, and partially boosted the mRNA and protein level of LUZP1 by sponging miR-486-3p and miR-1225-5p. Conclusions We identified circFIRRE as a master regulator in the tumorigenesis and angiogenesis of osteosarcoma, which could be purposed as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for refractory osteosarcoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01624-7.
Collapse
|
24
|
Feleke M, Feng W, Song D, Li H, Rothzerg E, Wei Q, Kõks S, Wood D, Liu Y, Xu J. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals differential expression of EGFL7 and VEGF in giant-cell tumor of bone and osteosarcoma. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1214-1227. [PMID: 35695550 PMCID: PMC9379604 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221088238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of angiogenesis is associated with tumor development and is accompanied by altered expression of pro-angiogenic factors. EGFL7 is a newly identified antigenic factor that plays a role in various cancers such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia. We have recently found that EGFL7 is expressed in the bone microenvironment, but its role in giant-cell tumor of bone (GCTB) and osteosarcoma (OS) is unknown. The aims of this study are to examine the gene expression profile of EGFL7 in GCTB and OS and compare with that of VEGF-A-D and TNFSF11 using single-cell RNA sequencing data. In-depth differential expression analyses were employed to characterize their expression in the constituent cell types of GCTB and OS. Notably, EGFL7 in GCTB was expressed at highest levels in the endothelial cell (EC) cluster followed by osteoblasts, myeloid cells, and chondrocytes, respectively. In OS, EGFL7 exhibited highest expression in EC cell cluster followed by osteoblastic OS cells, myeloid cells 1, and carcinoma associated fibroblasts (CAFs), respectively. In comparison, VEGF-A is expressed at highest levels in myeloid cells followed by OCs in GCTB, and in myeloid cells, and OCs in OS. VEGF-B is expressed at highest levels in chondrocytes in GCTB and in OCs in OS. VEGF-C is strongly enriched in ECs and VEGF-D is expressed at weak levels in all cell types in both GCTB and OS. TNFSF11 (or RANKL) shows high expression in CAFs and osteoblastic OS cells in OS, and osteoblasts in GCTB. This study investigates pro-angiogenic genes in GCTB and OS and suggests that these genes and their expression patterns are cell-type specific and could provide potential prognostic biomarkers and cell type target treatment for GCTB and OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mesalie Feleke
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Wenyu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Dezhi Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Emel Rothzerg
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Qingjun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - David Wood
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Jiake Xu.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Y, Shi J, Luo J, Liu C, Zhu L. Regulatory mechanisms and potential medical applications of HNF1A-AS1 in cancers. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:4154-4168. [PMID: 35836869 PMCID: PMC9274608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as a class of non-protein-coding RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides. Previous studies have shown that lncRNAs play a vital role in the progression of multiple diseases, which highlights their potential for medical applications. The lncRNA hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox A (HNF1A) antisense RNA 1 (HNF1A-AS1) is known to be abnormally expressed in multiple cancers. HNF1A-AS1 exerts its oncogenic roles through a variety of molecular mechanisms. Moreover, aberrant HNF1A-AS1 expression is associated with diverse clinical features in cancer patients. Therefore, HNF1A-AS1 is a promising biomarker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis and thus a potential candidate for tumor therapy. This review summarizes current studies on the role and the underlying mechanisms of HNF1A-AS1 various cancer types, including gastric cancer, liver cancer, glioma, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, osteosarcoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, hemangioma, oral squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, cervical cancer, as well as gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. We also describe the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value of HNF1A-AS1 for multiple cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Sleep, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jiang Shi
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Sleep, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Junfang Luo
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Sleep, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Sleep, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Lixu Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dana PM, Sadoughi F, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Molecular signaling pathways as potential therapeutic targets in osteosarcoma. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4436-4444. [PMID: 35139778 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220209110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Among primary bone malignancies, osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common form causing morbidity and mortality in both adults and children. The interesting point about this malignancy is that nearly 10-20% of its newly diagnosed cases have developed metastasis. This adds up to the fact that the survival rate of both metastatic and non-metastatic patients of osteosarcoma hasn't changed in the past 30 years and suggests that we need to revise our therapeutic options for OS. In recent years, diverse signaling pathways have drawn the attention of the scientific community since they can be great candidates for treating complicated diseases such as cancer. In this review, we have tried to explain the pathophysiology of osteosarcoma by the help of different signaling pathways taking part in its initiation/progression and investigate how this pathway can be targeted for providing more efficient methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Maleki Dana
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
A Reassessment of the Barrier Effect of the Physis against Metaphyseal Osteosarcoma: A Comprehensive Pathological Study with Its Radiological and Clinical Follow-Up Correlations. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12020450. [PMID: 35204540 PMCID: PMC8870925 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor usually arising at the metaphysis of long bones, particularly around the knee. The physis has been regarded as a barrier capable of blocking tumor extension, thus allowing it to preserve their epiphysis and therefore improve functional results. With the objective of clarifying how effective the physis is as a barrier to tumor spread, a large series of skeletally immature patients with osteosarcoma were reviewed. From 452 metaphyseal osteosarcomas a selection of 282 cases in which the tumor was close or crossing the physis were carried out. This sub-sample was split into two groups according to the surgical treatment (epiphyseal preservation or not). The specimens obtained by resection were studied, and the physeal and metaphyseal areas were studied by multiple sections. Immunostaining against VEGF of physis was obtained in selected cases. In about half of the patients affected by metaphyseal malignant bone tumors, the growth plate and epiphysis were not compromised by the tumor. Three sequential invasive growth patterns of an osteosarcoma in its relationship with the physis could be distinguished. An intense angiogenesis and osteoclastic reaction could be observed in the growth plate in the free zone between the tumor and the physis. The local recurrence incidence was lower in the epiphyseal preservation treated patients than it was in the conventional treatment (8% vs. 12%). Most local recurrences appeared in the first 2 years. The overall survival of patients treated with epiphyseal preservation was better than that of the patients treated without preserving the epiphysis (73% vs. 59%; p = 0.03) at a mean follow-up of 18 years. We have described an angiogenic and osteoclastic reaction in the base of the growth plate in the proximity of the advance front of the tumor, which could facilitate the osteosarcoma invasion. It is also shown that the preoperative imaging method for examination is a valid approach for the decision to carry out epiphyseal preservation. Finally, we concluded that epiphyseal preservation combined with protective chemotherapy is an excellent clinical approach for selected patients with metaphyseal osteosarcoma.
Collapse
|
28
|
Raimondi L, Gallo A, Cuscino N, De Luca A, Costa V, Carina V, Bellavia D, Bulati M, Alessandro R, Fini M, Conaldi PG, Giavaresi G. Potential Anti-Metastatic Role of the Novel miR-CT3 in Tumor Angiogenesis and Osteosarcoma Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:705. [PMID: 35054891 PMCID: PMC8775549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor mainly occurring in young adults and derived from primitive bone-forming mesenchyme. OS develops in an intricate tumor microenvironment (TME) where cellular function regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) may affect communication between OS cells and the surrounding TME. Therefore, miRNAs are considered potential therapeutic targets in cancer and one of the goals of research is to accurately define a specific signature of a miRNAs, which could reflect the phenotype of a particular tumor, such as OS. Through NGS approach, we previously found a specific molecular profile of miRNAs in OS and discovered 8 novel miRNAs. Among these, we deepen our knowledge on the fifth candidate renamed now miR-CT3. MiR-CT3 expression was low in OS cells when compared with human primary osteoblasts and healthy bone. Through TargetScan, VEGF-A was predicted as a potential biological target of miR-CT3 and luciferase assay confirmed it. We showed that enforced expression of miR-CT3 in two OS cell lines, SAOS-2 and MG-63, reduced expression of VEGF-A mRNA and protein, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. Enforced expression of miR-CT3 also reduced OS cell migration and invasion as confirmed by soft agar colony formation assay. Interestingly, we found that miR-CT3 behaves inducing the activation of p38 MAP kinase pathway and modulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins, in particular reducing Vimentin expression. Overall, our study highlights the novel role of miR-CT3 in regulating tumor angiogenesis and progression in OS cells, linking also to the modulation of EMT proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Alessia Gallo
- IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Department of Research, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.G.); (N.C.); (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Nicola Cuscino
- IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Department of Research, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.G.); (N.C.); (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Angela De Luca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Viviana Costa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Valeria Carina
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Daniele Bellavia
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Matteo Bulati
- IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Department of Research, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.G.); (N.C.); (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (B.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Department of Research, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.G.); (N.C.); (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhao P, Tang ZW, Lin HC, Djuanda D, Zhu Z, Niu Q, Zhao LM, Qian YN, Cao G, Shen JL, Fu B. VEGF aptamer/i-motif-based drug co-delivery system for combined chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102547. [PMID: 34562647 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleic acids used as drug delivery systems (DDS) have gained attention because of their biosafety and effortless synthesis. G-quadruplex (G4) structured aptamer such as AS1411 was frequently employed to deliver photosensitizers or chemotherapeutic agents while other aptamers were seldomly reported in this field. METHODS Herein, a chemical anticancer drug daunomycin (DNM), and a photosensitizer 5, 10, 15, 20-tetra (phenyl-4-N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (TMPyP) were physically assembled with a novel DNA structure composed of an aptamer of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and a cytosine (C)-rich DNA fragment (gc-34). Spectral and molecular mimicking methods were employed to research the drug loading/releasing process. The in vitro cytotoxicity was studied by MTT, ROS, cell cycle, and cell apoptotic assays and the in vivo anticancer efficiency was evaluated by the inhibitive effect on the cancerous growth of MCF-7 tumor-bearing nude mice. RESULTS The G4-structured VEGF aptamer delivered TMPyP successfully for the first time. The designed DDS displayed sensitive VEGF/pH controlled drug release. The co-delivery of DNM and TMPyP exhibited high ROS production, significant cell cycle arresting and evident cell apoptosis, and displayed superior cytotoxicity against tumor cells compared with individual agents in vitro. In vivo studies showed that the dual-drug loaded system can greatly inhibit tumor growth with chemotherapeutic/photodynamic synergistic effects. CONCLUSION The co-delivery of DNM and TMPyP with aptamer/C-rich DNA successfully integrates the functions of VEGF/pH stimuli-responsive drug release and chemotherapeutic/phototherapeutic modalities into one single system, and may have great potential in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Mega Centre, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Zi-Wei Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Mega Centre, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hui-Chao Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Mega Centre, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - David Djuanda
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zhaowei Zhu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qiang Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Mega Centre, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Department of plastic surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China
| | - Li-Min Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Mega Centre, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Na Qian
- Department of plastic surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China
| | - Gao Cao
- Department of plastic surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Liang Shen
- Department of plastic surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Fu
- College of Health Industry, Zhongshan Torch Polytechnic, No. 7 Xingye Road, Zhongshan 528436, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Antiangiogenic agents combined with systemic chemotherapy in refractory osteosarcoma. Lancet Oncol 2021; 22:1206-1207. [PMID: 34416160 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|