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Yang J, Zhai Y, Huang C, Xiang Z, Liu H, Wu J, Huang Y, Liu L, Li W, Wang W, Yang J, Zhang J. RP105 Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Myocardium via Activation of the Lyn/Syk/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2024; 47:1371-1385. [PMID: 38568415 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-01982-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Although our previous studies have established the crucial role of RP105 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI), its involvement in regulating oxidative stress induced by MI/RI remains unclear. To investigate this, we conducted experiments using a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Adenovirus carrying RP105 was injected apically at multiple points, and after 72 h, the left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 30 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion. In vitro experiments were performed on H9C2 cells, which were transfected with recombinant adenoviral vectors for 48 h, subjected to 4 h of hypoxia, and then reoxygenated for 2 h. We measured oxidative stress markers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, using a microplate reader. The fluorescence intensity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in myocardial tissue was measured using a DHE probe. We also investigated the upstream and downstream components of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Upregulation of RP105 increased SOD and GSH-Px activities, reduced MDA concentration, and inhibited ROS production in response to I/R injury in vivo and hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) stimulation in vitro. The overexpression of RP105 led to a decrease in the myocardial enzyme LDH in serum and cell culture supernatant, as well as a reduction in infarct size. Additionally, left ventricular fraction (LVEF) and fractional shortening (LVFS) were improved in the RP105 overexpression group compared to the control. Upregulation of RP105 promoted the expression of Lyn and Syk and further activated STAT phosphorylation, which was blocked by PP2 (a Lyn inhibitor). Our findings suggest that RP105 can inhibit MI/RI-induced oxidative stress by activating STAT3 via the Lyn/Syk signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Yuhong Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Cuiyuan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Zujin Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Haiyin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Yifan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China.
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, 443000, China.
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Zhao X, Liu D, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, Chen Z, Ning S, Wang G, Meng L, Yao J, Tian X. HRD1-induced TMEM2 ubiquitination promotes ER stress-mediated apoptosis through a non-canonical pathway in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:154. [PMID: 38378757 PMCID: PMC10879504 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a typical pathological course in the clinic with a high morbidity rate. Recent research has pointed out the critical role of ubiquitination during the occurrence and development of intestinal I/R by precisely mediating protein quality control and function. Here, we conducted an integrated multiomic analysis to identify critical ubiquitination-associated molecules in intestinal I/R and identified endoplasmic reticulum-located HRD1 as a candidate molecule. During intestinal I/R, excessive ER stress plays a central role by causing apoptotic pathway activation. In particular, we found that ER stress-mediated apoptosis was mitigated by HRD1 knockdown in intestinal I/R mice. Mechanistically, TMEM2 was identified as a new substrate of HRD1 in intestinal I/R by mass spectrometry analysis, which has a crucial role in attenuating apoptosis and promoting non-canonical ER stress resistance. A strong negative correlation was found between the protein levels of HRD1 and TMEM2 in human intestinal ischemia samples. Specifically, HRD1 interacted with the lysine 42 residue of TMEM2 and reduced its stabilization by K48-linked polyubiquitination. Furthermore, KEGG pathway analysis revealed that TMEM2 regulated ER stress-mediated apoptosis in association with the PI3k/Akt signaling pathway rather than canonical ER stress pathways. In summary, HRD1 regulates ER stress-mediated apoptosis through a non-canonical pathway by ubiquitinating TMEM2 and inhibiting PI3k/Akt activation during intestinal I/R. The current study shows that HRD1 is an intestinal I/R critical regulator and that targeting the HRD1/TMEM2 axis may be a promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzi Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Deshun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Zhecheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Shili Ning
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Lu Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Jihong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Tian
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China.
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Solati Z, Surendran A, Aukema HM, Ravandi A. Impact of Reperfusion on Plasma Oxylipins in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Metabolites 2023; 14:19. [PMID: 38248822 PMCID: PMC10821107 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) occurs as a result of acute occlusion of the coronary artery. Despite successful reperfusion using primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), a large percentage of myocardial cells die after reperfusion, which is recognized as ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). There are rapid changes in plasma lipidome during myocardial reperfusion injury. However, the impact of coronary artery reperfusion on plasma oxylipins is unknown. This study aimed to investigate alterations in the oxylipin profiles of STEMI patients during ischemia and at various reperfusion time points following PPCI. Blood samples were collected from patients presenting with STEMI prior to PPCI (Isch, n = 45) and subsequently 2 h following successful reperfusion by PPCI (R-2 h, n = 42), after 24 h (R-24 h, n = 44), after 48 h (R-48 h, n = 43), and then 30 days post PPCI (R-30 d, n = 29). As controls, blood samples were collected from age- and sex-matched patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease after diagnostic coronary angiography. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) using deuterated standards was used to identify and quantify oxylipins. In patients presenting with STEMI prior to reperfusion (Isch group), the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived oxylipins were significantly higher when compared with controls. Their levels were also significantly correlated with the peak levels of creatine kinase (CK) and troponin T(TnT) before reperfusion (CK: r = 0.33, p = 0.046, TnT: r = 0.50, p = 1.00 × 10-3). The total concentrations of oxylipins directly produced by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) were also significantly elevated in the Isch group compared with controls. The ratio of epoxides (generated through epoxygenase) to diols (generated by soluble epoxide hydrolysis (sEH)) was significantly lower in the Isch group compared with the controls. Following reperfusion, there was an overall reduction in plasma oxylipins in STEMI patients starting at 24 h post PPCI until 30 days. Univariate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis also showed that an elevated ratio of epoxides to diols during ischemia is a predictor of smaller infarct size in patients with STEMI. This study revealed a large alteration in plasma oxylipins in patients presenting with STEMI when compared with controls. Total oxylipin levels rapidly reduced post reperfusion with stable levels reached 24 h post reperfusion and maintained for up to 30 days post infarct. Given the shifts in plasma oxylipins following coronary artery reperfusion, further research is needed to delineate their clinical impact in STEMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Solati
- Precision Cardiovascular Medicine Group, St. Boniface Hospital, Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada (H.M.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Arun Surendran
- Precision Cardiovascular Medicine Group, St. Boniface Hospital, Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada (H.M.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Harold M. Aukema
- Precision Cardiovascular Medicine Group, St. Boniface Hospital, Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada (H.M.A.)
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Precision Cardiovascular Medicine Group, St. Boniface Hospital, Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada (H.M.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
- Section of Cardiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada
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Sugihara R, Taneike M, Murakawa T, Tamai T, Ueda H, Kitazume-Taneike R, Oka T, Akazawa Y, Nishida H, Mine K, Hioki A, Omi J, Omiya S, Aoki J, Ikeda K, Nishida K, Arita M, Yamaguchi O, Sakata Y, Otsu K. Lysophosphatidylserine induces necrosis in pressure overloaded male mouse hearts via G protein coupled receptor 34. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4494. [PMID: 37524709 PMCID: PMC10390482 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality in developed countries. Cell death is a key player in the development of heart failure. Calcium-independent phospholipase A2β (iPLA2β) produces lipid mediators by catalyzing lipids and induces nuclear shrinkage in caspase-independent cell death. Here, we show that lysophosphatidylserine generated by iPLA2β induces necrotic cardiomyocyte death, as well as contractile dysfunction mediated through its receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 34 (GPR34). Cardiomyocyte-specific iPLA2β-deficient male mice were subjected to pressure overload. While control mice showed left ventricular systolic dysfunction with necrotic cardiomyocyte death, iPLA2β-deficient mice preserved cardiac function. Lipidomic analysis revealed a reduction of 18:0 lysophosphatidylserine in iPLA2β-deficient hearts. Knockdown of Gpr34 attenuated 18:0 lysophosphatidylserine-induced necrosis in neonatal male rat cardiomyocytes, while the ablation of Gpr34 in male mice reduced the development of pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling. Thus, the iPLA2β-lysophosphatidylserine-GPR34-necrosis signaling axis plays a detrimental role in the heart in response to pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Sugihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Manabu Taneike
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Murakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahito Tamai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Preventive Diagnostics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Rika Kitazume-Taneike
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takafumi Oka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Akazawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mine
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayana Hioki
- Preventive Diagnostics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jumpei Omi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigemiki Omiya
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama-City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nishida
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama-City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kinya Otsu
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK.
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan.
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Lulić AM, Katalinić M. The PNPLA family of enzymes: characterisation and biological role. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2023; 74:75-89. [PMID: 37357879 PMCID: PMC10291501 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper brings a brief review of the human patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein (PNPLA) family. Even though it consists of only nine members, their physiological roles and mechanisms of their catalytic activity are not fully understood. However, the results of a number of knock-out and gain- or loss-of-function research models suggest that these enzymes have an important role in maintaining the homeostasis and integrity of organelle membranes, in cell growth, signalling, cell death, and the metabolism of lipids such as triacylglycerol, phospholipids, ceramides, and retinyl esters. Research has also revealed a connection between PNPLA family member mutations or irregular catalytic activity and the development of various diseases. Here we summarise important findings published so far and discuss their structure, localisation in the cell, distribution in the tissues, specificity for substrates, and their potential physiological role, especially in view of their potential as drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Marija Lulić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Katalinić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
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Fujii J, Yamada KI. Defense systems to avoid ferroptosis caused by lipid peroxidation-mediated membrane damage. Free Radic Res 2023; 57:353-372. [PMID: 37551716 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2244155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of hydrogen peroxide along with ferrous iron produces hydroxyl radicals that preferably oxidize polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to alkyl radicals (L•). The reaction of L• with an oxygen molecule produces lipid peroxyl radical (LOO•) that collectively trigger chain reactions, which results in the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products (LOOH). Oxygenase enzymes, such as lipoxygenase, also stimulate the peroxidation of PUFA. The production of phospholipid hydroperoxides (P-LOOH) can result in the destruction of the architecture of cell membranes and ultimate cell death. This iron-dependent regulated cell death is generally referred to as ferroptosis. Radical scavengers, which include tocopherol and nitric oxide (•NO), react with lipid radicals and terminate the chain reaction. When tocopherol reductively detoxifies lipid radicals, the resultant tocopherol radicals are recycled via reduction by coenzyme Q or ascorbate. CoQ radicals are reduced back by the anti-ferroptotic enzyme FSP1. •NO reacts with lipid radicals and produces less reactive nitroso compounds. The resulting P-LOOH is reductively detoxified by the action of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) or peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6). The hydrolytic removal of LOOH from P-LOOH by calcium-independent phospholipase A2 leads the preservation of membrane structure. While the expression of such protective genes or the presence of these anti-oxidant compounds serve to maintain a healthy condition, tumor cells employ them to make themselves resistant to anti-tumor treatments. Thus, these defense mechanisms against ferroptosis are protective in ordinary cells but are also potential targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Xu X, Hou X, Xing Y, Feng T, Chai L, Guo Y, Chen L, Shi Y, Qin X. Dibazol-induced relaxation of ophthalmic artery in C57BL/6J mice is correlated with the potency to inhibit voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels. Exp Eye Res 2023; 231:109468. [PMID: 37031875 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the effect of dibazol on the ophthalmic artery (OA) and ophthalmic artery smooth muscle cells (OASMCs) of C57BL/6J mice as well as the underlying mechanisms. The OA of C57BL/6J mice was isolated under a dissecting microscope for primary OASMCs culture and myogenic tests. OASMCs were identified through morphological and immunofluorescence analyses. Morphology changes in the OASMCs were examined by staining using rhodamine-phalloidin. We performed a collagen gel contraction assay to measure the contractile and relaxant activities of the OASMCs. The molecular probe Fluo-4 AM was used to examine intracellular free Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]in). The myogenic effects of OA were examined using wire myography. Additionally, the whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to investigate the mechanisms underlying the relaxant effect of dibazol on L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (LVGC) in isolated cells. 10-5 M dibazol significantly inhibited the contraction of OASMCs and increased the [Ca2+]in response to 30 mM KCl in a concentration-dependent manner. Dizabol had a more significant relaxant effect than 10-5 M isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN). Similarly, dibazol showed a significant dose-dependent relaxant effect on OA contraction induced by 60 mM KCl or 0.3 μM 9,11-Dideoxy-9α,11α-methanoepoxy prostaglandin F2α (U46619). The current-voltage (I-V) curve revealed that dibazol decreased Ca2+ currents in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, dibazol exerted relaxant effects on the OA and OASMCs, which may involve the inhibition of the Ca2+ influx through LVGC in the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; China Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Ye Xing
- Sichuan Herbease Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Sichuan, 610000, China
| | | | - Lina Chai
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yunting Guo
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Liangjing Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yiwei Shi
- Shanxi Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
| | - Xiaojiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; China Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shanxi, 030001, China.
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8
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Friston DA, Cuddihy J, Souza Luiz J, Truong AH, Ho L, Basra M, Santha P, Oszlacs O, de Sousa Valente J, Marczylo T, Junttila S, Laycock H, Collins D, Vizcaychipi M, Gyenesei A, Takats Z, Jancso G, Want E, Nagy I. Elevated 18:0 lysophosphatidylcholine contributes to the development of pain in tissue injury. Pain 2023; 164:e103-e115. [PMID: 36638307 PMCID: PMC9833116 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Tissue injuries, including burns, are major causes of death and morbidity worldwide. These injuries result in the release of intracellular molecules and subsequent inflammatory reactions, changing the tissues' chemical milieu and leading to the development of persistent pain through activating pain-sensing primary sensory neurons. However, the majority of pain-inducing agents in injured tissues are unknown. Here, we report that, amongst other important metabolite changes, lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) including 18:0 LPC exhibit significant and consistent local burn injury-induced changes in concentration. 18:0 LPC induces immediate pain and the development of hypersensitivities to mechanical and heat stimuli through molecules including the transient receptor potential ion channel, vanilloid subfamily, member 1, and member 2 at least partly via increasing lateral pressure in the membrane. As levels of LPCs including 18:0 LPC increase in other tissue injuries, our data reveal a novel role for these lipids in injury-associated pain. These findings have high potential to improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Anthony Friston
- Nociception Group, Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua Cuddihy
- Nociception Group, Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Anaesthetics, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Souza Luiz
- Nociception Group, Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - An Hoai Truong
- Nociception Group, Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laptin Ho
- Nociception Group, Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Meirvaan Basra
- Nociception Group, Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Santha
- Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Oszlacs
- Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Joao de Sousa Valente
- Section of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Research, BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Marczylo
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Sini Junttila
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Helen Laycock
- Nociception Group, Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Declan Collins
- Department of Anaesthetics, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcela Vizcaychipi
- Nociception Group, Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Anaesthetics, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Takats
- Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabor Jancso
- Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Elizabeth Want
- Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Istvan Nagy
- Nociception Group, Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Khan SA, Ilies MA. The Phospholipase A2 Superfamily: Structure, Isozymes, Catalysis, Physiologic and Pathologic Roles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021353. [PMID: 36674864 PMCID: PMC9862071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) superfamily of phospholipase enzymes hydrolyzes the ester bond at the sn-2 position of the phospholipids, generating a free fatty acid and a lysophospholipid. The PLA2s are amphiphilic in nature and work only at the water/lipid interface, acting on phospholipid assemblies rather than on isolated single phospholipids. The superfamily of PLA2 comprises at least six big families of isoenzymes, based on their structure, location, substrate specificity and physiologic roles. We are reviewing the secreted PLA2 (sPLA2), cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), Ca2+-independent PLA2 (iPLA2), lipoprotein-associated PLA2 (LpPLA2), lysosomal PLA2 (LPLA2) and adipose-tissue-specific PLA2 (AdPLA2), focusing on the differences in their structure, mechanism of action, substrate specificity, interfacial kinetics and tissue distribution. The PLA2s play important roles both physiologically and pathologically, with their expression increasing significantly in diseases such as sepsis, inflammation, different cancers, glaucoma, obesity and Alzheimer's disease, which are also detailed in this review.
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10
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Li H, Qiu Y, Xie M, Ouyang C, Ding X, Zhang H, Dong W, Xiong Y, Tang X. Momordicine I alleviates isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through suppression of PLA2G6 and DGK-ζ. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 27:75-84. [PMID: 36575935 PMCID: PMC9806645 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2023.27.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to observe the protective effect of momordicine I, a triterpenoid compound extracted from momordica charantia L., on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced hypertrophy in rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes and investigate its potential mechanism. Treatment with 10 μM ISO induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy as evidenced by increased cell surface area and protein content as well as pronounced upregulation of fetal genes including atrial natriuretic peptide, β-myosin heavy chain, and α-skeletal actin; however, those responses were markedly attenuated by treatment with 12.5 μg/ml momordicine I. Transcriptome experiment results showed that there were 381 and 447 differentially expressed genes expressed in comparisons of model/control and momordicine I intervention/model, respectively. GO enrichment analysis suggested that the anti-cardiomyocyte hypertrophic effect of momordicine I may be mainly associated with the regulation of metabolic processes. Based on our transcriptome experiment results as well as literature reports, we selected glycerophospholipid metabolizing enzymes group VI phospholipase A2 (PLA2G6) and diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGK-ζ) as targets to further explore the potential mechanism through which momordicine I inhibited ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Our results demonstrated that momordicine I inhibited ISO-induced upregulations of mRNA levels and protein expressions of PLA2G6 and DGK-ζ. Collectively, momordicine I alleviated ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, which may be related to its inhibition of the expression of glycerophospholipid metabolizing enzymes PLA2G6 and DGK-ζ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yumei Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Mengdie Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Changsheng Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yinhua Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Xilan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Nanchang 330013, China,Correspondence Xilan Tang, E-mail:
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11
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Zhang F, Li Z, Gao P, Zou J, Cui Y, Qian Y, Gu R, Xu W, Hu J. HJ11 decoction restrains development of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by suppressing ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1024292. [PMID: 36483736 PMCID: PMC9723372 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1024292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
HJ11 is a novel traditional Chinese medicine developed from the appropriate addition and reduction of Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction, which has been commonly used to treat ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the clinical setting. However, the mechanism of action of HJ11 components remains unclear. Ferroptosis is a critical factor that promotes myocardial I/R injury, and the pathophysiological ferroptosis-mediated lipid peroxidation causes I/R injury. Therefore, this study explored whether HJ11 decoction ameliorates myocardial I/R injury by attenuating ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. This study also explored the effect of ACSL4 expression on iron-dependent programmed cell death by preparing a rat model of myocardial I/R injury and oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced H9c2 cells. The results showed that HJ11 decoction improved cardiac function; attenuated I/R injury, apoptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and iron accumulation; and reduced infarct size in the myocardial I/R injury rat model. Additionally, HJ11 decoction suppressed the expression of ferroptosis-promoting proteins [Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2)] but promoted the expression of ferroptosis-inhibiting proteins [ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) and glutathione-dependent lipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)] in the myocardial tissues of the I/R injury rat model. Similar results were found with the OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells. Interestingly, ACSL4 knockdown attenuated iron accumulation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis in the OGD/R-treated H9c2 cells. However, ACSL4 overexpression counteracted the inhibitory effect of the HJ11 decoction on OGD/R-triggered oxidative stress and ferroptosis in H9c2 cells. These findings suggest that HJ11 decoction restrained the development of myocardial I/R injury by regulating ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. Thus, HJ11 decoction may be an effective medication to treat myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Zhang
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyun Li
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, School of Regimen and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxi Zou
- School·of·Basic·Medical·Sciences Chengdu·University·of Traditional·Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Cui
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Qian
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Renjun Gu
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiming Xu
- China Science and Technology Development Center for Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- The First Affilliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingqing Hu
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Science and Technology Development Center for Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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12
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Lv Q, Ma B, Li W, Fu G, Wang X, Xiao Y. Nanomaterials-Mediated Therapeutics and Diagnosis Strategies for Myocardial Infarction. Front Chem 2022; 10:943009. [PMID: 35873037 PMCID: PMC9301085 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.943009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The alarming mortality and morbidity rate of myocardial infarction (MI) is becoming an important impetus in the development of early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic approaches, which are critical for saving patients' lives and improving post-infarction prognosis. Despite several advances that have been made in the treatment of MI, current strategies are still far from satisfactory. Nanomaterials devote considerable contribution to tackling the drawbacks of conventional therapy of MI by improving the homeostasis in the cardiac microenvironment via targeting, immune modulation, and repairment. This review emphasizes the strategies of nanomaterials-based MI treatment, including cardiac targeting drug delivery, immune-modulation strategy, antioxidants and antiapoptosis strategy, nanomaterials-mediated stem cell therapy, and cardiac tissue engineering. Furthermore, nanomaterials-based diagnosis strategies for MI was presented in term of nanomaterials-based immunoassay and nano-enhanced cardiac imaging. Taken together, although nanomaterials-based strategies for the therapeutics and diagnosis of MI are both promising and challenging, such a strategy still explores the immense potential in the development of the next generation of MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbo Lv
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boxuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wujiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Tao W, Li L, Hu J, Xu S, Wang B, Ding J, Zhang M, Meng X, Wei X, Shan X, Peng K, Liu H, Ji F. Interaction between COX-2 and ER stress is involved in the apoptosis-induced myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:3360-3371. [PMID: 35702111 PMCID: PMC9185046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Apoptosis induced by excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is accompanied by the occurrence and progression of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. COX-2 is also known to affect the development of I/R damage in myocardium. However, the interaction between COX-2 and ER stress in aggravating myocardial I/R lesion is not well characterized. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to explore the interaction between COX-2 and ER stress on myocardial apoptosis. METHODS The left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was ligatured with a 6-0# suture for 0.5 hours and subsequently subjected to reperfusion for 3 hours to simulate myocardial I/R in mice. Oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) was performed on H9c2 cells to construct an in vitro model of this experiment. NS398 (COX-2 specific inhibitor) and Salubrinal (Sal, ER stress inhibitor) were administered to assess the function of COX-2 and ER stress in myocardial I/R impairment. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the viability of H9c2 cells under different treatment conditions. TUNEL and Hoechst staining were used to detect the occurrence of apoptosis. Infarct area/area at risk and Hematoxylin-eosin stained sections were assessed after I/R. Protein expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), COX-2, phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (p-eIF2α), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and Cleaved caspase 3 in the myocardium were examined using Western blotting. Changes in Cleaved caspase 3 expression in myocardial slices were measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Sal or NS398 partly reduced I/R-induced damage as testified by the apparent decrease in infarct size after I/R and reduced cell viability following OGD/R. Sal distinctly increased p-eIF2α, but caused decreased expression of COX-2, Cleaved caspase 3, and ER stress-associated proteins after I/R, suggesting that Sal effectively inhibited ER stress, apoptosis, and COX-2. Pretreatment with NS398 blocked I/R or OGD/R-induced upregulation of COX-2, Cleaved caspase 3, and ER stress-related marker proteins. CONCLUSIONS Interaction of COX-2 and ER stress regulates apoptosis and contributes to Myocardial lesion induced by I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junkai Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shangxian Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Biying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowen Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xisheng Shan
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huayue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fuhai Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Drug Resistance and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040632. [PMID: 35203283 PMCID: PMC8870354 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide. It is usually diagnosed in an advanced stage and is characterized by a high intrinsic drug resistance, leading to limited chemotherapeutic efficacy and relapse after treatment. There is therefore a vast need for understanding underlying mechanisms that contribute to drug resistance and for developing therapeutic strategies that would overcome this. The rapid proliferation of tumor cells, in combination with a highly inflammatory microenvironment, causes a chronic increase of protein synthesis in different hepatic cell populations. This leads to an intensified demand of protein folding, which inevitably causes an accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This process is called ER stress and triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) in order to restore protein synthesis or—in the case of severe or prolonged ER stress—to induce cell death. Interestingly, the three different arms of the ER stress signaling pathways have been shown to drive chemoresistance in several tumors and could therefore form a promising therapeutic target. This review provides an overview of how ER stress and activation of the UPR contributes to drug resistance in HCC.
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