1
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de Carvalho LAEB, Cinque G, de Carvalho ALMB, Marques J, Frogley MD, Vondracek H, Marques MPM. Synchrotron nano-FTIR spectroscopy for probing anticancer drugs at subcellular scale. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17166. [PMID: 39060284 PMCID: PMC11282259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to cisplatin was assessed in human osteosarcoma cells, using synchrotron-based (SR) Fourier Transform InfraRed nanospectroscopy (nano-FTIR) at the MIRIAM beamline B22 of Diamond Light Source (UK). This label-free mapping method delivered simultaneous morphological and biochemical information on a subcellular level (i.e. 100 s nanometer or better). Based on specific spectral biomarkers, the main biochemical constituents affected by the drug were identified at distinct locations within the cell´s inner body. Cisplatin was shown to have a noteworthy effect on proteins, mostly within the cytoplasm. A clear drug impact on cellular lipids was also observed. Within current literature on s-SNOM, this nanospectroscopy work represents a first successful application in life sciences providing full fingerprint nano-FTIR spectra across intact human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gianfelice Cinque
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton - Didcot, OX11 0DE, Oxfordshire, UK.
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK.
| | | | - Joana Marques
- Department of Chemistry, Química-Física Molecular, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mark D Frogley
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton - Didcot, OX11 0DE, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Hendrik Vondracek
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton - Didcot, OX11 0DE, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Maria Paula M Marques
- Department of Chemistry, Química-Física Molecular, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
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2
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Al Jedani S, Lima C, Smith CI, Gunning PJ, Shaw RJ, Barrett SD, Triantafyllou A, Risk JM, Goodacre R, Weightman P. An optical photothermal infrared investigation of lymph nodal metastases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16050. [PMID: 38992088 PMCID: PMC11239877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy combined with machine learning algorithms were used to evaluate 46 tissue cores of surgically resected cervical lymph nodes, some of which harboured oral squamous cell carcinoma nodal metastasis. The ratios obtained between O-PTIR chemical images at 1252 cm-1 and 1285 cm-1 were able to reveal morphological details from tissue samples that are comparable to the information achieved by a pathologist's interpretation of optical microscopy of haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained samples. Additionally, when used as input data for a hybrid convolutional neural network (CNN) and random forest (RF) analyses, these yielded sensitivities, specificities and precision of 98.6 ± 0.3%, 92 ± 4% and 94 ± 5%, respectively, and an area under receiver operator characteristic (AUC) of 94 ± 2%. Our findings show the potential of O-PTIR technology as a tool to study cancer on tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Al Jedani
- Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cassio Lima
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Caroline I Smith
- Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK
| | - Philip J Gunning
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Liverpool Head and Neck Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Richard J Shaw
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Liverpool Head and Neck Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
- Head and Neck Surgery, Liverpool University Foundation NHS Trust, Aintree Hospital, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK
| | - Steve D Barrett
- Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK
| | - Asterios Triantafyllou
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Liverpool Clinical Laboratories, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8YE, UK
| | - Janet M Risk
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Liverpool Head and Neck Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Peter Weightman
- Department of Physics, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, UK.
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3
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Augustyniak K, Lesniak M, Latka H, Golan MP, Kubiak JZ, Zdanowski R, Malek K. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells' adipogenesis chemistry analyzed by FTIR and Raman metrics. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100573. [PMID: 38844049 PMCID: PMC11260339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The full understanding of molecular mechanisms of cell differentiation requires a holistic view. Here we combine label-free FTIR and Raman hyperspectral imaging with data mining to detect the molecular cell composition enabling noninvasive monitoring of cell differentiation and identifying biochemical heterogeneity. Mouse adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) undergoing adipogenesis were followed by Raman and FT-IR imaging, Oil Red, and immunofluorescence. A workflow of the data analysis (IRRSmetrics4stem) was designed to identify spectral predictors of adipogenesis and test machine-learning (ML) methods (hierarchical clustering, PCA, PLSR) for the control of the AD-MSCs differentiation degree. IRRSmetrics4stem provided insights into the chemism of adipogenesis. With single-cell tracking, we established IRRS metrics for lipids, proteins, and DNA variations during AD-MSCs differentiation. The over 90% predictive efficiency of the selected ML methods proved the high sensitivity of the IRRS metrics. Importantly, the IRRS metrics unequivocally recognize a switch from proliferation to differentiation. This study introduced a new bioassay identifying molecular markers indicating molecular transformations and delivering rapid and machine learning-based monitoring of adipogenesis that can be relevant to other differentiation processes. Thus, we introduce a novel, rapid, machine learning-based bioassay to identify molecular markers of adipogenesis. It can be relevant to identification of differentiation-related molecular processes in other cell types, and beyond the cell differentiation including progression of different cellular pathophysiologies reconstituted in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Augustyniak
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Lesniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Hubert Latka
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej P Golan
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland; Institute of Psychology, The Maria Grzegorzewska University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Z Kubiak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland; Dynamics and Mechanics of Epithelia Group, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes (IGDR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6290, Rennes, France.
| | - Robert Zdanowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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4
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Santos TM, Lordano S, Mayer RA, Volpe L, Rodrigues GM, Meyer B, Westfahl H, Freitas RO. Synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy in fourth-generation storage rings. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2024; 31:547-556. [PMID: 38630437 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577524002364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Fourth-generation synchrotron storage rings represent a significant milestone in synchrotron technology, offering outstandingly bright and tightly focused X-ray beams for a wide range of scientific applications. However, due to their inherently tight magnetic lattices, these storage rings have posed critical challenges for accessing lower-energy radiation, such as infrared (IR) and THz. Here the first-ever IR beamline to be installed and to operate at a fourth-generation synchrotron storage ring is introduced. This work encompasses several notable advancements, including a thorough examination of the new IR source at Sirius, a detailed description of the radiation extraction scheme, and the successful validation of our optical concept through both measurements and simulations. This optimal optical setup has enabled us to achieve an exceptionally wide frequency range for our nanospectroscopy experiments. Through the utilization of synchrotron IR nanospectroscopy on biological and hard matter samples, the practicality and effectiveness of this beamline has been successfully demonstrated. The advantages of fourth-generation synchrotron IR sources, which can now operate with unparalleled stability as a result of the stringent requirements for producing low-emittance X-rays, are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago M Santos
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Lordano
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael A Mayer
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Volpe
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M Rodrigues
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bernd Meyer
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Harry Westfahl
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raul O Freitas
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Greaves GE, Allison L, Machado P, Morfill C, Fleck RA, Porter AE, Phillips CC. Infrared nanoimaging of neuronal ultrastructure and nanoparticle interaction with cells. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:6190-6198. [PMID: 38445876 PMCID: PMC10956966 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04948e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Here we introduce scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) as a novel tool for nanoscale chemical-imaging of sub-cellular organelles, nanomaterials and of the interactions between them. Our setup uses a tuneable mid-infrared laser and a sharp scanning probe to image at a resolution substantially surpassing the diffraction limit. The laser can be tuned to excite vibrational modes of functional groups in biomolecules, (e.g. amide moieties), in a way that enables direct chemical mapping without the need for labelling. We, for the first time, chemically image neuronal ultrastructure, identify neuronal organelles and sub-organelle structures as small as 10 nm and validate our findings using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We produce chemical and morphological maps of neurons treated with gold nanospheres and characterize nanoparticle size and intracellular location, and their interaction with the plasma membrane. Our results show that the label-free nature of s-SNOM means it has a 'true' chemical resolution of up to 20 nm which can be further improved. We argue that it offers significant potential in nanomedicine for nanoscale chemical imaging of cell ultrastructure and the subcellular distribution of nanomaterials within tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Greaves
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2BW, UK.
| | - Leanne Allison
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Pedro Machado
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Corinne Morfill
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Roland A Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Kings College London, SE1 1YR, UK
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Chris C Phillips
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2BW, UK.
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6
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Meyvisch P, Mertens KN, Gurdebeke PR, Sandt C, Pospelova V, Vrielinck H, Borondics F, Louwye S. Does dinocyst wall composition really reflect trophic affinity? New evidence from ATR micro-FTIR spectroscopy measurements. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2023; 59:1064-1084. [PMID: 37623312 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Attenuated total reflection (ATR) microscope Fourier transform infrared (micro-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the dinosporin composition in the walls of modern, organic-walled dinoflagellate resting cysts (dinocysts). Variable cyst wall compositions were observed, which led to the erection of four spectrochemical groups, some with striking similarities to other resistant biomacromolecules such as sporopollenin and algaenan. Furthermore, possible proxies derivable from the spectrochemical composition of modern and fossil dinocysts were discussed. The color of the dinocyst walls was reflected in the spectral data. When comparing that color with a standard and the results of a series of bleaching experiments with oxidative agents, eumelanin was assigned as a likely pigment contributing to the observed color. Following this assignment, the role of eumelanin as an ultraviolet sunscreen in colored dinocysts was hypothesized, and its implications on the autofluorescence and morphological preservation of dinocysts were further discussed. Unlike what had previously been assumed, it was shown that micro-FTIR data from dinocysts cannot be used to unambiguously infer trophic affinities of their associated cells. Finally, using methods with high spatial resolutions (synchrotron transmission micro-FTIR and optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy), it was shown that dinocyst wall layers are chemically homogenous at the probed scales. This study fills a large knowledge gap in our understanding of the chemical nature of dinocyst walls and has nuanced certain assumptions and interpretations made in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vera Pospelova
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Henk Vrielinck
- Department of Solid-State Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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7
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Greaves GE, Kiryushko D, Auner HW, Porter AE, Phillips CC. Label-free nanoscale mapping of intracellular organelle chemistry. Commun Biol 2023; 6:583. [PMID: 37258606 PMCID: PMC10232547 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to image cell chemistry at the nanoscale is key for understanding cell biology, but many optical microscopies are restricted by the ~(200-250)nm diffraction limit. Electron microscopy and super-resolution fluorescence techniques beat this limit, but rely on staining and specialised labelling to generate image contrast. It is challenging, therefore, to obtain information about the functional chemistry of intracellular components. Here we demonstrate a technique for intracellular label-free chemical mapping with nanoscale (~30 nm) resolution. We use a probe-based optical microscope illuminated with a mid-infrared laser whose wavelengths excite vibrational modes of functional groups occurring within biological molecules. As a demonstration, we chemically map intracellular structures in human multiple myeloma cells and compare the morphologies with electron micrographs of the same cell line. We also demonstrate label-free mapping at wavelengths chosen to target the chemical signatures of proteins and nucleic acids, in a way that can be used to identify biochemical markers in the study of disease and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Greaves
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Darya Kiryushko
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Holger W Auner
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, The Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Chris C Phillips
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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8
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Prater C, Bai Y, Konings SC, Martinsson I, Swaminathan VS, Nordenfelt P, Gouras G, Borondics F, Klementieva O. Fluorescently Guided Optical Photothermal Infrared Microspectroscopy for Protein-Specific Bioimaging at Subcellular Level. J Med Chem 2023; 66:2542-2549. [PMID: 36599042 PMCID: PMC9969395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Infrared spectroscopic imaging is widely used for the visualization of biomolecule structures, and techniques such as optical photothermal infrared (OPTIR) microspectroscopy can achieve <500 nm spatial resolution. However, these approaches lack specificity for particular cell types and cell components and thus cannot be used as a stand-alone technique to assess their properties. Here, we have developed a novel tool, fluorescently guided optical photothermal infrared microspectroscopy, that simultaneously exploits epifluorescence imaging and OPTIR to perform fluorescently guided IR spectroscopic analysis. This novel approach exceeds the diffraction limit of infrared microscopy and allows structural analysis of specific proteins directly in tissue and single cells. Experiments described herein used epifluorescence to rapidly locate amyloid proteins in tissues or neuronal cultures, thus guiding OPTIR measurements to assess amyloid structures at the subcellular level. We believe that this new approach will be a valuable addition to infrared spectroscopy providing cellular specificity of measurements in complex systems for studies of structurally altered protein aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Prater
- Photothermal
Spectroscopy Corporation, Santa
Barbara, California93101, United States
| | - Yeran Bai
- Photothermal
Spectroscopy Corporation, Santa
Barbara, California93101, United States
- Neuroscience
Research Institute, University of California,
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California93106, United States
| | - Sabine C. Konings
- Medical
Microspectroscopy, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
- Multipark, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
| | - Isak Martinsson
- Experimental
Dementia Research Group, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
- Multipark, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
| | - Vinay S. Swaminathan
- Division
of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Wallenberg Centre for
Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
| | - Pontus Nordenfelt
- Division
of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Gouras
- Experimental
Dementia Research Group, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
- Multipark, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
| | - Ferenc Borondics
- Synchrotron
SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, 91192Gif Sur Yvette
Cedex, France
| | - Oxana Klementieva
- Medical
Microspectroscopy, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
- Multipark, Lund University, 22180Lund, Sweden
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9
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Niehues I, Mester L, Vicentini E, Wigger D, Schnell M, Hillenbrand R. Identification of weak molecular absorption in single-wavelength s-SNOM images. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:7012-7022. [PMID: 36823946 DOI: 10.1364/oe.483804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) allows for nanoscale optical mapping of manifold material properties. It is based on interferometric recording of the light scattered at a scanning probe tip. For dielectric samples such as biological materials or polymers, the near-field amplitude and phase signals of the scattered field reveal the local reflectivity and absorption, respectively. Importantly, absorption in s-SNOM imaging corresponds to a positive phase contrast relative to a non-absorbing reference sample. Here, we describe that in certain conditions (weakly or non- absorbing material placed on a highly reflective substrate), a slight negative phase contrast may be observed, which can hinder the recognition of materials exhibiting a weak infrared absorption. We first document this effect and explore its origin using representative test samples. We then demonstrate straightforward simple correction methods that remove the negative phase contrast and that allow for the identification of weak absorption contrasts.
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10
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Probing both sides of the story. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2212419119. [PMID: 36070345 PMCID: PMC9499575 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212419119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
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11
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Ami D, Mereghetti P, Natalello A. Contribution of Infrared Spectroscopy to the Understanding of Amyloid Protein Aggregation in Complex Systems. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:822852. [PMID: 35463965 PMCID: PMC9023755 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.822852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a label-free and non-invasive technique that probes the vibrational modes of molecules, thus providing a structure-specific spectrum. The development of infrared spectroscopic approaches that enable the collection of the IR spectrum from a selected sample area, from micro- to nano-scale lateral resolutions, allowed to extend their application to more complex biological systems, such as intact cells and tissues, thus exerting an enormous attraction in biology and medicine. Here, we will present recent works that illustrate in particular the applications of IR spectroscopy to the in situ characterization of the conformational properties of protein aggregates and to the investigation of the other biomolecules surrounding the amyloids. Moreover, we will discuss the potential of IR spectroscopy to the monitoring of cell perturbations induced by protein aggregates. The essential support of multivariate analyses to objectively pull out the significant and non-redundant information from the spectra of highly complex systems will be also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Ami
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- *Correspondence: Diletta Ami, ; Antonino Natalello,
| | | | - Antonino Natalello
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- *Correspondence: Diletta Ami, ; Antonino Natalello,
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12
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Stanciu SG, Tranca DE, Zampini G, Hristu R, Stanciu GA, Chen X, Liu M, Stenmark HA, Latterini L. Scattering-type Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy of Polymer-Coated Gold Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11353-11362. [PMID: 35415325 PMCID: PMC8992282 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) has emerged over the past years as a powerful characterization tool that can probe important properties of advanced materials and biological samples in a label-free manner, with spatial resolutions lying in the nanoscale realm. In this work, we explore such usefulness in relationship with an interesting class of materials: polymer-coated gold nanoparticles (NPs). As thoroughly discussed in recent works, the interplay between the Au core and the polymeric shell has been found to be important in many applications devoted to biomedicine. We investigate bare Au NPs next to polystyrenesulfonate (PSS) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) coated ones under 532 nm laser excitation, an wavelength matching the surface plasmon band of the custom-synthesized nanoparticles. We observe consistent s-SNOM phase signals in the case of bare and shallow-coated Au NPs, whereas for thicker shell instances, these signals fade. For all investigated samples, the s-SNOM amplitude signals were found to be very weak, which may be related to reduced scattering efficiency due to absorption of the incident beam. We consider these observations important, as they may facilitate studies and applications in nanomedicine and nanotechnology where the precise positioning of polymer-coated Au NPs with nanoscale resolution is needed besides their dielectric function and related intrinsic optical properties, which are also quantitatively available with s-SNOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan G. Stanciu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Denis E. Tranca
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Giulia Zampini
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Perugia University, Via Elce di sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Radu Hristu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - George A. Stanciu
- Center
for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Xinzhong Chen
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Mengkun Liu
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Harald A. Stenmark
- Department
of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0379, Norway
| | - Loredana Latterini
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Perugia University, Via Elce di sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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