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Zhang J, Li S, Zheng Y, Gao L, Wei H, Li Y, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Gong J. Novel pyridazinone derivatives bind to KSRP: Synthesis, anti-tumor biological evaluations and modelling insights. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 278:116811. [PMID: 39217859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Pyridazinone derivatives have been extensively used as anticancer agents. IMB5036 is a structure specific pyridazinone compound with potential antitumor activity via targeting KSRP protein which controls gene expression at multiple levels. In this study, fifteen IMB5036 analogues were synthesized and preliminary structure-activity relationships were explored. Among them, compounds 8 and 10 exhibited remarkably anti-proliferation of various cancer cells and a good cancer cell selectivity (against human fetal hepatocyte L02 cells). More detailed investigation was included that both 8 and 10 inhibited colony formation and migration in concentration-dependent mode against MCF-7 cells. Additionally, 8 and 10 induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, damaged DNA, and increased reactive oxygen species. Moreover, 8 displayed a potent antitumor efficacy (TGI = 74.2 %, at a dose of 30 mg/kg) in MCF-7 xenograft model by i.p. injection. Further, we synthesized a biotinylated probe 16 for identifying the detail domain of KSRP. Through pull down assay and molecular docking study, we validated that the KH23 domain functioned as the binding pocket for the compounds. Thus, compound 8 was identified as a novel targeting KSRP pyridazinone-based compound and exhibited excellent antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxuan Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yijia Zheng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lingli Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hanrui Wei
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanbo Zheng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianhua Gong
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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2
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Yang YC, Ho KH, Hua KT, Chien MH. Roles of K(H)SRP in modulating gene transcription throughout cancer progression: Insights from cellular studies to clinical perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024:189202. [PMID: 39447687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Revised: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
The KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP), also known as KSRP, is an RNA-binding protein that regulates gene expressions through various mechanisms, including messenger (m)RNA degradation, micro (mi)RNA maturation, and transcriptional activity. KSRP has been implicated in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, with emerging evidence highlighting its role in modulating diverse aspects of cancer behaviors. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of KSRP's clinical relevance and its multifaceted regulatory mechanisms in cancer. Our extensive pan-cancer analysis uncovers associations of KSRP with clinical outcomes and identifies cell cycle progression as a key signaling pathway correlated with KSRP expression. Furthermore, we identify miR-17-5p as critical miRNAs positively correlated with KSRP, and it is associated with poor survival in various cancers. Collectively, this review offers new insights into the potential of KSRP as a target for therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chieh Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hao Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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3
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Song W, Zhang H, Lu Y, Zhang H, Ni J, Chang L, Gu Y, Wang G, Xu T, Wu Z, Wang K. KHSRP knockdown inhibits papillary renal cell carcinoma progression and sensitizes to gemcitabine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1446920. [PMID: 39439895 PMCID: PMC11493689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1446920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) exhibit a high rate of clinical metastasis; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) participated in pRCC progression and was associated with metastasis. It was positively correlated with the hallmark of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. KHSRP inhibition effectively alleviated the cellular function of migration and invasion. Additionally, KHSRP knockdown inhibited the proliferative ability of pRCC cells. A pharmaceutical screening was based on the KHSRP protein structure. Gemcitabine (Gem) decreased KHSRP expression. UIO-66@Gem@si-KHSRP (UGS) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared for targeted delivery and applied in both in vitro and in vivo experiments to explore the clinical transition of KHSRP. UGS NPs exhibited better performance in inhibiting cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion than Gem. Additionally, the in vivo experiment results confirmed their therapeutic effects in inhibiting tumor metastasis with excellent biosafety. The silico analysis indicated that KHSRP knockdown increased cytotoxic cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment to potentiate anti-tumor effects. Thus, KHSRP can promote pRCC progression as an oncogene and serve as a target in clinical transition through UGS NP-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Putuo District People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 10th People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Houliang Zhang
- Shanghai Putuo District Health Affairs Management Center, Hospital Operation Department, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinliang Ni
- Shanghai Putuo District Health Affairs Management Center, Hospital Operation Department, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Chang
- Shanghai Putuo District Health Affairs Management Center, Hospital Operation Department, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongzhe Gu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai 10th People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangchun Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 10th People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyuan Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 10th People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zonglin Wu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 10th People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Gervas-Arruga J, Barba-Romero MÁ, Fernández-Martín JJ, Gómez-Cerezo JF, Segú-Vergés C, Ronzoni G, Cebolla JJ. In Silico Modeling of Fabry Disease Pathophysiology for the Identification of Early Cellular Damage Biomarker Candidates. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10329. [PMID: 39408658 PMCID: PMC11477023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal disease whose ultimate consequences are the accumulation of sphingolipids and subsequent inflammatory events, mainly at the endothelial level. The outcomes include different nervous system manifestations as well as multiple organ damage. Despite the availability of known biomarkers, early detection of FD remains a medical need. This study aimed to develop an in silico model based on machine learning to identify candidate vascular and nervous system proteins for early FD damage detection at the cellular level. A combined systems biology and machine learning approach was carried out considering molecular characteristics of FD to create a computational model of vascular and nervous system disease. A data science strategy was applied to identify risk classifiers by using 10 K-fold cross-validation. Further biological and clinical criteria were used to prioritize the most promising candidates, resulting in the identification of 36 biomarker candidates with classifier abilities, which are easily measurable in body fluids. Among them, we propose four candidates, CAMK2A, ILK, LMNA, and KHSRP, which have high classification capabilities according to our models (cross-validated accuracy ≥ 90%) and are related to the vascular and nervous systems. These biomarkers show promise as high-risk cellular and tissue damage indicators that are potentially applicable in clinical settings, although in vivo validation is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Ángel Barba-Romero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Albacete University Hospital, 02006 Albacete, Spain;
- Albacete Medical School, Castilla-La Mancha University, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Francisco Gómez-Cerezo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, 28702 Madrid, Spain;
- Faculty of Medicine, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
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Zhen Y, Li X, Huang S, Wang R, Yang L, Huang Y, Yan J, Ju J, Wen H, Sun Q. LncRNA lnc-SPRR2G-2 contributes to keratinocyte hyperproliferation and inflammation in psoriasis by activating the STAT3 pathway and downregulating KHSRP. Mol Cell Probes 2024; 76:101967. [PMID: 38942130 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2024.101967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by increased keratinocyte proliferation and local inflammation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important regulatory roles in many immune-mediated diseases, including psoriasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of lnc-SPRR2G-2 (SPRR2G) in M5-treated psoriatic keratinocytes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that lnc-SPRR2G-2 was significantly upregulated in psoriasis tissues and psoriatic keratinocytes. In psoriatic keratinocytes, functional and molecular experiment analyses demonstrated that SPRR2G regulated proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis, and induced the expression of S100 calcium binding protein A7 (S100A7), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10). The function of SPRR2G in psoriasis is related to the STAT3 signaling pathway and can be inhibited by a STAT3 inhibitor. Moreover, KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) was proved to be regulated by lnc-SPRR2G-2 and to control the mRNA decay of psoriasis-related cytokines (p < 0.05). In summary, we reported the functions of lnc-SPRR2G-2 and KHSRP in psoriasis. Our findings provide new insights for the further exploration of the pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyue Zhen
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Science, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xueqing Li
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Science, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Science, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ruijie Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Science, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Luan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Yingjian Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Science, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jianjun Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaoying Ju
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Science, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - He Wen
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Wang Y, Shi H. Direct estimation and inference of higher-level correlations from lower-level measurements with applications in gene-pathway and proteomics studies. Biostatistics 2024:kxae027. [PMID: 39083810 DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper tackles the challenge of estimating correlations between higher-level biological variables (e.g. proteins and gene pathways) when only lower-level measurements are directly observed (e.g. peptides and individual genes). Existing methods typically aggregate lower-level data into higher-level variables and then estimate correlations based on the aggregated data. However, different data aggregation methods can yield varying correlation estimates as they target different higher-level quantities. Our solution is a latent factor model that directly estimates these higher-level correlations from lower-level data without the need for data aggregation. We further introduce a shrinkage estimator to ensure the positive definiteness and improve the accuracy of the estimated correlation matrix. Furthermore, we establish the asymptotic normality of our estimator, enabling efficient computation of P-values for the identification of significant correlations. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated through comprehensive simulations and the analysis of proteomics and gene expression datasets. We develop the R package highcor for implementing our method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, 13001 E. 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Haoran Shi
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Wexler Hall, 901 Palm Walk Room 216, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
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7
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Bolduan V, Palzer KA, Hieber C, Schunke J, Fichter M, Schneider P, Grabbe S, Pautz A, Bros M. The mRNA-Binding Protein KSRP Limits the Inflammatory Response of Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3884. [PMID: 38612694 PMCID: PMC11011855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) is a single-stranded nucleic acid-binding protein with multiple functions. It is known to bind AU-rich motifs within the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA species, which in many cases encode dynamically regulated proteins like cytokines. In the present study, we investigated the role of KSRP for the immunophenotype of macrophages using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from wild-type (WT) and KSRP-/- mice. RNA sequencing revealed that KSRP-/- BMDM displayed significantly higher mRNA expression levels of genes involved in inflammatory and immune responses, particularly type I interferon responses, following LPS stimulation. In line, time kinetics studies revealed increased levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 mRNA in KSRP-/- macrophages after 6 h subsequent to LPS stimulation as compared to WT cultures. At the protein level, KSRP-/- BMDM displayed higher levels of these cytokines after overnight stimulation. Matching results were observed for primary peritoneal macrophages of KSRP-/- mice. These showed higher IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-X-C motif chemokine 1 (CXCL1) and CC-chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) protein levels in response to LPS stimulation than the WT controls. As macrophages play a key role in sepsis, the in vivo relevance of KSRP deficiency for cytokine/chemokine production was analyzed in an acute inflammation model. In agreement with our in vitro findings, KSRP-deficient animals showed higher cytokine production upon LPS administration in comparison to WT mice. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that KSRP constitutes an important negative regulator of cytokine expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bolduan
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kim-Alicia Palzer
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany (A.P.)
| | - Christoph Hieber
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jenny Schunke
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Fichter
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Schneider
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Pautz
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany (A.P.)
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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8
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Brown A, Selkirk ME, Sarkies P. Identification of proteins that bind extracellular microRNAs secreted by the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis. Biol Open 2023; 12:bio060096. [PMID: 37906081 PMCID: PMC10660789 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved across eukaryotes and play key roles in regulating gene expression. In many organisms, miRNAs are also secreted from cells, often encased within vesicles such as exosomes, and sometimes extravesicular. The mechanisms of miRNA secretion, how they are stabilised outside of cells and their functional importance are poorly understood. Recently, we characterised the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis as a model to study miRNA secretion. T. spiralis muscle-stage larvae (MSL) secrete abundant miRNAs which are largely extravesicular. Here, we investigated how T. spiralis miRNAs might remain stable outside of cells. Using proteomics, we identified two RNA binding proteins secreted by T. spiralis larvae and characterised their RNA binding properties. One, a homologue of the known RNA binding protein KSRP, binds miRNA in a selective and sequence-specific fashion. Another protein, which is likely a novel RNA binding protein, binds to miRNA without exhibiting sequence specificity. Our results suggest a possible mechanism for miRNA secretion by T. spiralis and may have relevance for understanding the biology of extracellular miRNA more widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Brown
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | | | - Peter Sarkies
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
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9
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Yang YC, Lin YW, Lee WJ, Lai FR, Ho KH, Chu CY, Hua KT, Chen JQ, Tung MC, Hsiao M, Wen YC, Chien MH. The RNA-binding protein KSRP aggravates malignant progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma through transcriptional inhibition and post-transcriptional destabilization of the NEDD4L ubiquitin ligase. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:68. [PMID: 37580757 PMCID: PMC10424398 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP, also called KSRP), a versatile RNA-binding protein, plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological conditions through modulating gene expressions at multiple levels. However, the role of KSRP in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains poorly understood. METHODS KSRP expression was detected by a ccRCC tissue microarray and evaluated by an in silico analysis. Cell loss-of-function and gain-of-function, colony-formation, anoikis, and transwell assays, and an orthotopic bioluminescent xenograft model were conducted to determine the functional role of KRSP in ccRCC progression. Micro (mi)RNA and complementary (c)DNA microarrays were used to identify downstream targets of KSRP. Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and promoter- and 3-untranslated region (3'UTR)-luciferase reporter assays were employed to validate the underlying mechanisms of KSRP which aggravate progression of ccRCC. RESULTS Our results showed that dysregulated high levels of KSRP were correlated with advanced clinical stages, larger tumor sizes, recurrence, and poor prognoses of ccRCC. Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4 like (NEDD4L) was identified as a novel target of KSRP, which can reverse the protumorigenic and prometastatic characteristics as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotion by KSRP in vitro and in vivo. Molecular studies revealed that KSRP can decrease NEDD4L messenger (m)RNA stability via inducing mir-629-5p upregulation and directly targeting the AU-rich elements (AREs) of the 3'UTR. Moreover, KSRP was shown to transcriptionally suppress NEDD4L via inducing the transcriptional repressor, Wilm's tumor 1 (WT1). In the clinic, ccRCC samples revealed a positive correlation between KSRP and mesenchymal-related genes, and patients expressing high KSRP and low NEDD4L had the worst prognoses. CONCLUSION The current findings unveil novel mechanisms of KSRP which promote malignant progression of ccRCC through transcriptional inhibition and post-transcriptional destabilization of NEDD4L transcripts. Targeting KSRP and its pathways may be a novel pharmaceutical intervention for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chieh Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Wei Lin
- International Master/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Section 3, Hsing Long Road, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Ru Lai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hao Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Qing Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Min-Che Tung
- Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wen
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Section 3, Hsing Long Road, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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10
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Lazzarato L, Bianchi L, Andolfo A, Granata A, Lombardi M, Sinelli M, Rolando B, Carini M, Corsini A, Fruttero R, Arnaboldi L. Proteomics Studies Suggest That Nitric Oxide Donor Furoxans Inhibit In Vitro Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation by Nitric Oxide-Independent Mechanisms. Molecules 2023; 28:5724. [PMID: 37570694 PMCID: PMC10420201 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiologically, smooth muscle cells (SMC) and nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial cells strictly cooperate to maintain vasal homeostasis. In atherosclerosis, where this equilibrium is altered, molecules providing exogenous NO and able to inhibit SMC proliferation may represent valuable antiatherosclerotic agents. Searching for dual antiproliferative and NO-donor molecules, we found that furoxans significantly decreased SMC proliferation in vitro, albeit with different potencies. We therefore assessed whether this property is dependent on their thiol-induced ring opening. Indeed, while furazans (analogues unable to release NO) are not effective, furoxans' inhibitory potency parallels with the electron-attractor capacity of the group in 3 of the ring, making this effect tunable. To demonstrate whether their specific block on G1-S phase could be NO-dependent, we supplemented SMCs with furoxans and inhibitors of GMP- and/or of the polyamine pathway, which regulate NO-induced SMC proliferation, but they failed in preventing the antiproliferative effect. To find the real mechanism of this property, our proteomics studies revealed that eleven cellular proteins (with SUMO1 being central) and networks involved in cell homeostasis/proliferation are modulated by furoxans, probably by interaction with adducts generated after degradation. Altogether, thanks to their dual effect and pharmacological flexibility, furoxans may be evaluated in the future as antiatherosclerotic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (L.L.); (B.R.); (R.F.)
| | - Laura Bianchi
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), Center for Omics Sciences (COSR), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy;
| | - Agnese Granata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.G.); (M.L.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Matteo Lombardi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.G.); (M.L.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Matteo Sinelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.G.); (M.L.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (L.L.); (B.R.); (R.F.)
| | - Marina Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences “Pietro Pratesi”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Alberto Corsini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.G.); (M.L.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Roberta Fruttero
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (L.L.); (B.R.); (R.F.)
| | - Lorenzo Arnaboldi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.G.); (M.L.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
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Zhao Q, Lv X, Dong Y, Hong H, Zheng Y, Yang L, Gong J. IMB5036 overcomes resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs in human cancer cells through pyroptosis by targeting the KH-type splicing regulatory protein. Life Sci 2023; 328:121941. [PMID: 37451400 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS IMB5036 is a pyridazinone compound with antiproliferative and antitumour activity against hepatoma and pancreatic cancer. In this study, we attempted to identify the target protein of IMB5036 and test its potential for overcoming multidrug resistance and inducing pyroptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the effects of IMB5036 on cancer cells by in vitro assays, a molecular docking model and in vivo tumour models. We performed pull-down experiments using biotinylated IMB5036 and identified the binding proteins. Gene knockdown were used to investigate the oncogenic role of KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP). Western blot was used to detect for mechanism-associated molecules. KEY FINDINGS IMB5036 could overcome resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs at the cellular level and in vivo. Furthermore, IMB5036 was not a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and downregulated the expression of P-gp. We identified KSRP as a binding protein of IMB5036. The knockdown of KSRP inhibited the proliferation of MCF7 and MCF7/adriamycin (MCF7/ADR) cells. In addition, IMB5036 induced pyroptosis in both MCF7 and MCF7/ADR cells via KSRP. SIGNIFICANCE We found IMB5036 binds to KSRP and overcomes multidrug resistance via gasdermin E (GSDME)-dependent pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xing Lv
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanqun Dong
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyu Hong
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanbo Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jianhua Gong
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Bravo S, Leiva F, Moya J, Guzman O, Vidal R. Unveiling the Role of Dynamic Alternative Splicing Modulation After Infestation with Sea Lice (Caligus rogercresseyi) in Atlantic Salmon. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:223-234. [PMID: 36629943 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Sea lice are pathogenic marine ectoparasite copepods that represent a severe risk to the worldwide salmon industry. Several transcriptomic investigations have characterized the regulation of gene expression response of Atlantic salmon to sea lice infestation. These studies have focused on the levels of transcript, overlooking the potentially relevant role of alternative splicing (AS), which corresponds to an essential control mechanism of gene expression through RNA processing. In the present study, we performed a genome-wide bioinformatics characterization of differential AS event dynamics in control and infested C. rogercresseyi Atlantic salmon and in resistant and susceptible phenotypes. We identified a significant rise of alternative splicing events and AS genes after infestation and 176 differential alternative splicing events (DASE) from 133 genes. In addition, a higher number of DASE and AS genes were observed among resistant and susceptible phenotypes. Functional annotation of AS genes shows several terms and pathways associated with behavior, RNA splicing, immune response, and RNA binding. Furthermore, three protein-coding genes were identified undergoing differential transcript usage events, among resistant and susceptible phenotypes. Our findings support AS performing a relevant regulatory role in the response of salmonids to sea lice infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarleth Bravo
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecology, Genomics and Evolutionary Studies, Department of Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Leiva
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecology, Genomics and Evolutionary Studies, Department of Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Moya
- Benchmark Animal Health Chile, Santa Rosa 560 Of.26, Puerto Varas, Chile
| | - Osiel Guzman
- IDEVAC SpA, Francisco Bilbao 1129 Of. 306, Osorno, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Vidal
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecology, Genomics and Evolutionary Studies, Department of Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of CCCH Family in Roles of Flower Opening and Abiotic Stress in Osmanthus fragrans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315363. [PMID: 36499688 PMCID: PMC9735588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CCCH is a zinc finger family with a typical CCCH-type motif which performs a variety of roles in plant growth and development and responses to environmental stressors. However, the information about this family has not been reported for Osmanthus fragrans. In this study, a total of 66 CCCH predicted genes were identified from the O. fragrans genome, the majority of which had multiple CCCH motifs. The 66 OfCCCHs were found to be unevenly distributed on 21 chromosomes and were clustered into nine groups based on their phylogenetic analysis. In each group, the gene structure and domain makeup were comparatively conserved. The expression profiles of the OfCCCH genes were examined in various tissues, the flower-opening processes, and under various abiotic stresses using transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time PCR). The results demonstrated the widespread expression of OfCCCHs in various tissues, the differential expression of 22 OfCCCHs during flower-opening stages, and the identification of 4, 5, and 13 OfCCCHs after ABA, salt, and drought stress treatment, respectively. Furthermore, characterization of the representative OfCCCHs (OfCCCH8, 23, 27, and 36) revealed that they were all localized in the nucleus and that the majority of them had transcriptional activation in the yeast system. Our research offers the first thorough examination of the OfCCCH family and lays the groundwork for future investigations regarding the functions of CCCH genes in O. fragrans.
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Targeting the "undruggable": RNA-binding proteins in the spotlight in cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:69-83. [PMID: 35772609 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Tumors refractory to conventional therapy belong to specific subpopulations of cancer cells, which have acquired a higher number of mutations/epigenetic changes than the majority of cancer cells. This property provides them the ability to become resistant to therapy. Aberrant expression of certain RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) can regulate the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs by binding to specific regions present in the 3´-UTR of certain mRNAs to promote or repress mRNA translation or by interacting with other proteins (including RBPs) and non-coding RNAs that are part of ribonucleoprotein complexes. In particular, an increasing interest in the RBPs involved in chemoresistance has recently emerged. In this review, we discuss how RBPs are not only affected by chemotherapeutic treatments, but also play an active role in therapeutic responses via the direct modulation of crucial cancer-related proteins. A special focus is being placed on the development of therapeutic strategies targeting these RBPs.
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RNA-Binding Proteins in the Regulation of Adipogenesis and Adipose Function. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152357. [PMID: 35954201 PMCID: PMC9367552 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic represents a critical public health issue worldwide, as it is a vital risk factor for many diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease. Obesity is a complex disease involving excessive fat accumulation. Proper adipose tissue accumulation and function are highly transcriptional and regulated by many genes. Recent studies have discovered that post-transcriptional regulation, mainly mediated by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), also plays a crucial role. In the lifetime of RNA, it is bound by various RBPs that determine every step of RNA metabolism, from RNA processing to alternative splicing, nucleus export, rate of translation, and finally decay. In humans, it is predicted that RBPs account for more than 10% of proteins based on the presence of RNA-binding domains. However, only very few RBPs have been studied in adipose tissue. The primary aim of this paper is to provide an overview of RBPs in adipogenesis and adipose function. Specifically, the following best-characterized RBPs will be discussed, including HuR, PSPC1, Sam68, RBM4, Ybx1, Ybx2, IGF2BP2, and KSRP. Characterization of these proteins will increase our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs in adipogenesis and provide clues for the etiology and pathology of adipose-tissue-related diseases.
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