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Zohourian N, Coll E, Dever M, Sheahan A, Burns-Lane P, Brown JAL. Evaluating the Cellular Roles of the Lysine Acetyltransferase Tip60 in Cancer: A Multi-Action Molecular Target for Precision Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2677. [PMID: 39123405 PMCID: PMC11312108 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision (individualized) medicine relies on the molecular profiling of tumors' dysregulated characteristics (genomic, epigenetic, transcriptomic) to identify the reliance on key pathways (including genome stability and epigenetic gene regulation) for viability or growth, and then utilises targeted therapeutics to disrupt these survival-dependent pathways. Non-mutational epigenetic changes alter cells' transcriptional profile and are a key feature found in many tumors. In contrast to genetic mutations, epigenetic changes are reversable, and restoring a normal epigenetic profile can inhibit tumor growth and progression. Lysine acetyltransferases (KATs or HATs) protect genome stability and integrity, and Tip60 is an essential acetyltransferase due to its roles as an epigenetic and transcriptional regulator, and as master regulator of the DNA double-strand break response. Tip60 is commonly downregulated and mislocalized in many cancers, and the roles that mislocalized Tip60 plays in cancer are not well understood. Here we categorize and discuss Tip60-regulated genes, evaluate Tip60-interacting proteins based on cellular localization, and explore the therapeutic potential of Tip60-targeting compounds as epigenetic inhibitors. Understanding the multiple roles Tip60 plays in tumorigenesis will improve our understanding of tumor progression and will inform therapeutic options, including informing potential combinatorial regimes with current chemotherapeutics, leading to improvements in patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Zohourian
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - Erin Coll
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - Muiread Dever
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - Anna Sheahan
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - Petra Burns-Lane
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
| | - James A. L. Brown
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (N.Z.)
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre (LDCRC), Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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Long L, Xu J, Qi X, Pen Y, Wang C, Jiang W, Peng X, Hu Z, Yi W, Xie L, Lei X, Wang Z, Zhuo L. Discovery of novel small molecules targeting the USP21/JAK2/STAT3 axis for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 273:116500. [PMID: 38776807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The deficiency in available targeted agents and frequency of chemoresistance are primary challenges in clinical management of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The aberrant expression of USP21 and JAK2 represents a characterized mechanism of TNBC progression and resistance to paclitaxel (PTX). Despite its clear that high expression of USP21-mediated de-ubiquitination leads to increased levels of JAK2 protein, we lack regulator molecules to dissect the mechanisms that the interaction between USP21 and JAK2 contributes to the phenotype and resistance of TNBC. Here, we report a USP21/JAK2/STAT3 axis-targeting regulator 13c featuring a N-anthraniloyl tryptamine scaffold that showed excellent anti-TNBC potency and promising safety profile. Importantly, the therapeutic potential of using 13c in combination with PTX in PTX-resistant TNBC was demonstrated. This study showcases N-anthraniloyl tryptamine derivatives as a novel anti-TNBC chemotype with a pharmacological mode of action targeting the USP21/JAK2/STAT3 axis and provides a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Jiachi Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xiaowen Qi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yan Pen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Chengkun Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Weifan Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Xue Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zecheng Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Wenjun Yi
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Liming Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Linsheng Zhuo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Florke Gee RR, Huber AD, Chen T. Regulation of PXR in drug metabolism: chemical and structural perspectives. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2024; 20:9-23. [PMID: 38251638 PMCID: PMC10939797 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2309212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a master xenobiotic sensor that transcriptionally controls drug metabolism and disposition pathways. PXR activation by pharmaceutical drugs, natural products, environmental toxins, etc. may decrease drug efficacy and increase drug-drug interactions and drug toxicity, indicating a therapeutic value for PXR antagonists. However, PXR's functions in physiological events, such as intestinal inflammation, indicate that PXR activators may be useful in certain disease contexts. AREAS COVERED We review the reported roles of PXR in various physiological and pathological processes including drug metabolism, cancer, inflammation, energy metabolism, and endobiotic homeostasis. We then highlight specific cellular and chemical routes that modulate PXR activity and discuss the functional consequences. Databases searched and inclusive dates: PubMed, 1 January 1980 to 10 January 2024. EXPERT OPINION Knowledge of PXR's drug metabolism function has helped drug developers produce small molecules without PXR-mediated metabolic liabilities, and further understanding of PXR's cellular functions may offer drug development opportunities in multiple disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R. Florke Gee
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Andrew D. Huber
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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Li S, Wang A, Wu Y, He S, Shuai W, Zhao M, Zhu Y, Hu X, Luo Y, Wang G. Targeted therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer: New insights into regulated cell death combined with immunotherapy. Immunol Rev 2024; 321:300-334. [PMID: 37688394 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which has a high rate of metastatic spread and drug resistance, is the most common subtype of lung cancer. Therefore, NSCLC patients have a very poor prognosis and a very low chance of survival. Human cancers are closely linked to regulated cell death (RCD), such as apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. Currently, small-molecule compounds targeting various types of RCD have shown potential as anticancer treatments. Moreover, RCD appears to be a specific part of the antitumor immune response; hence, the combination of RCD and immunotherapy might increase the inhibitory effect of therapy on tumor growth. In this review, we summarize small-molecule compounds used for the treatment of NSCLC by focusing on RCD and pharmacological systems. In addition, we describe the current research status of an immunotherapy combined with an RCD-based regimen for NSCLC, providing new ideas for targeting RCD pathways in combination with immunotherapy for patients with NSCLC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Li
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aoxue Wang
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongya Wu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyuan He
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubin Luo
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology & Immunology, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zou J. Site-specific delivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel mediated by liposomes: A promising approach in cancer chemotherapy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117111. [PMID: 37734579 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The site-specific delivery of drugs, especially anti-cancer drugs has been an interesting field for researchers and the reason is low accumulation of cytotoxic drugs in cancer cells. Although combination cancer therapy has been beneficial in providing cancer drug sensitivity, targeted delivery of drugs appears to be more efficient. One of the safe, biocompatible and efficient nano-scale delivery systems in anti-cancer drug delivery is liposomes. Their particle size is small and they have other properties such as adjustable physico-chemical properties, ease of functionalization and high entrapment efficiency. Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug with clinical approval in patients, but its accumulation in cancer cells is low due to lack of targeted delivery and repeated administration results in resistance development. Gene and drug co-administration along with cisplatin/paclitaxel have resulted in increased sensitivity in tumor cells, but there is still space for more progress in cancer therapy. The delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel by liposomes increases accumulation of drug in tumor cells and impairs activity of efflux pumps in promoting cytotoxicity. Moreover, phototherapy along with cisplatin/paclitaxel delivery can increase potential in tumor suppression. Smart nanoparticles including pH-sensitive nanoparticles provide site-specific delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel. The functionalization of liposomes can be performed by ligands to increase targetability towards tumor cells in mediating site-specific delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel. Finally, liposomes can mediate co-delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel with drugs or genes in potentiating tumor suppression. Since drug resistance has caused therapy failure in cancer patients, and cisplatin/paclitaxel are among popular chemotherapy drugs, delivery of these drugs mediates targeted suppression of cancers and prevents development of drug resistance. Because of biocompatibility and safety of liposomes, they are currently used in clinical trials for treatment of cancer patients. In future, the optimal dose of using liposomes and optimal concentration of loading cisplatin/paclitaxel on liposomal nanocarriers in clinical trials should be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Wang W, Wang S, Wang M, Ma Y, Hu W, Wu B, Li C, Zhang D. Effects of TRAF3 on the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma depend partly on pyroptosis. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:942. [PMID: 37798663 PMCID: PMC10557279 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11468-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) has specific regulatory effects on a wide range of diseases, including tumors. However, the effect and mechanism of TRAF3 on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are still unknown. The aim of the present study was to make clear the role and potential mechanism of TRAF3 in LUAD. METHODS TIMER2.0 database and western blot were applied to detect the expression of TRAF3 in lung adenocarcinoma tissue. Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was utilized to explore the effect of TRAF3 on the clinical prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Specific siRNA was used to inhibit the expression of TRAF3 in LUAD cells (A549 and H1299). CCK-8 and EdU assays were performed for assessing LUAD cells proliferation. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were performed for determining cells migration. CCK-8 assay was used to assess the response of the LUAD cells to paclitaxel. TIMER2.0 bioinformatics and western blot were employed to detect the effects of TRAF3 on pyroptosis in LUAD. RESULTS TRAF3 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cell lines. Patients with TRAF3 hyperexpression had a good prognosis compared to those with lower expression. TRAF3 inhibition notably induced proliferation and migration of LUAD cells. Inhibition of TRAF3 also weakened the sensitivity of LUAD cells to paclitaxel. Moreover, bioinformatics results showed that TRAF3 was positively correlated with the expression of pyroptosis-related genes in LUAD. Western blot assays showed that TRAF3 inhibition visibly decreased the expression of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), cleaved caspase-1 and matured- IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of TRAF3 promotes the proliferation and migration of LUAD cells, and reduces the sensitivity of LUAD cells to paclitaxel. The effects of TRAF3 on LUAD cells were mediated in part by caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangjia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, China
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312300, China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, China
| | - Yamei Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, China
| | - Wanting Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, China
| | - Binsha Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, China
| | - Chichi Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, China.
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