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Mehta AS, Zhang SL, Xie X, Khanna S, Tropp J, Ji X, Daso RE, Franz CK, Jordan SW, Rivnay J. Decellularized Biohybrid Nerve Promotes Motor Axon Projections. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401875. [PMID: 39219219 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Developing nerve grafts with intact mesostructures, superior conductivity, minimal immunogenicity, and improved tissue integration is essential for the treatment and restoration of neurological dysfunctions. A key factor is promoting directed axon growth into the grafts. To achieve this, biohybrid nerves are developed using decellularized rat sciatic nerve modified by in situ polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Nine biohybrid nerves are compared with varying polymerization conditions and cycles, selecting the best candidate through material characterization. These results show that a 1:1 ratio of FeCl3 oxidant to ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer, cycled twice, provides superior conductivity (>0.2 mS cm-1), mechanical alignment, intact mesostructures, and high compatibility with cells and blood. To test the biohybrid nerve's effectiveness in promoting motor axon growth, human Spinal Cord Spheroids (hSCSs) derived from HUES 3 Hb9:GFP cells are used, with motor axons labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Seeding hSCS onto one end of the conduit allows motor axon outgrowth into the biohybrid nerve. The construct effectively promotes directed motor axon growth, which improves significantly after seeding the grafts with Schwann cells. This study presents a promising approach for reconstructing axonal tracts in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abijeet Singh Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sophia L Zhang
- Biologics Laboratory, Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 420 E Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Section for Injury Repair and Regeneration Research, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Xinran Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Shreyaa Khanna
- Biologics Laboratory, Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Joshua Tropp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Xudong Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Rachel E Daso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Colin K Franz
- Biologics Laboratory, Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sumannas W Jordan
- Biologics Laboratory, Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 420 E Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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Liao S, Chen Y, Luo Y, Zhang M, Min J. The phenotypic changes of Schwann cells promote the functional repair of nerve injury. Neuropeptides 2024; 106:102438. [PMID: 38749170 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2024.102438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Functional recovery after nerve injury is a significant challenge due to the complex nature of nerve injury repair and the non-regeneration of neurons. Schwann cells (SCs), play a crucial role in the nerve injury repair process because of their high plasticity, secretion, and migration abilities. Upon nerve injury, SCs undergo a phenotypic change and redifferentiate into a repair phenotype, which helps in healing by recruiting phagocytes, removing myelin fragments, promoting axon regeneration, and facilitating myelin formation. However, the repair phenotype can be unstable, limiting the effectiveness of the repair. Recent research has found that transplantation of SCs can be an effective treatment option, therefore, it is essential to comprehend the phenotypic changes of SCs and clarify the related mechanisms to develop the transplantation therapy further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Liao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Yin Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Jun Min
- Neurology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China.
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Moss KR, Mi R, Kawaguchi R, Ehmsen JT, Shi Q, Vargas PI, Mukherjee-Clavin B, Lee G, Höke A. hESC- and hiPSC-derived Schwann cells are molecularly comparable and functionally equivalent. iScience 2024; 27:109855. [PMID: 38770143 PMCID: PMC11103364 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Establishing robust models of human myelinating Schwann cells is critical for studying peripheral nerve injury and disease. Stem cell differentiation has emerged as a key human cell model and disease motivating development of Schwann cell differentiation protocols. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are considered the ideal pluripotent cell but ethical concerns regarding their use have propelled the popularity of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Given that the equivalence of hESCs and hiPSCs remains controversial, we sought to compare the molecular and functional equivalence of hESC- and hiPSC-derived Schwann cells generated with our previously reported protocol. We identified only modest transcriptome differences by RNA sequencing and insignificant proteome differences by antibody array. Additionally, both cell types comparably improved nerve regeneration and function in a chronic denervation and regeneration animal model. Our findings demonstrate that Schwann cells derived from hESCs and hiPSCs with our protocol are molecularly comparable and functionally equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R. Moss
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ruifa Mi
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jeffrey T. Ehmsen
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qiang Shi
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Paula I. Vargas
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bipasha Mukherjee-Clavin
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Gabsang Lee
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ahmet Höke
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Liu YM, Wang HY, Wei CH, Li JP, Wang Y, Ma WZ, Jia H. Exploring miR-21 as a key regulator in two distinct approaches of bone marrow stromal cells differentiation into Schwann-like cells. Synapse 2024; 78:e22293. [PMID: 38779935 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into Schwann-like cells (SCLCs) has the potential to promote the structural and functional restoration of injured axons. However, the optimal induction protocol and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different induction protocols in promoting the differentiation of rat BMSCs into SCLCs and to explore their potential mechanisms. BMSCs were induced using two distinct methods: a composite factor induction approach (Protocol-1) and a conditioned culture medium induction approach (Protocol-2). The expression of Schwann cells (SCs) marker proteins and neurotrophic factors (NTFs) in the differentiated cells was assessed. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were also measured. During induction, changes in miR-21 and Sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 2 (SPRY2) mRNA were analyzed. Following the transfection of BMSCs with miR-21 agomir or miR-21 antagomir, induction was carried out using both protocols, and the expression of SPRY2, ERK1/2, and SCs marker proteins was examined. The results revealed that NTFs expression was higher in Protocol-1, whereas SCs marker proteins expression did not significantly differ between the two groups. Compared to Protocol-1, Protocol-2 exhibited enhanced cell proliferation and fewer apoptotic and necrotic cells. Both protocols showed a negative correlation between miR-21 and SPRY2 expression throughout the induction stages. After induction, the miR-21 agomir group exhibited reduced SPRY2 expression, increased ERK1/2 expression, and significantly elevated expression of SCs marker proteins. This study demonstrates that Protocol-1 yields higher NTFs expression, whereas Protocol-2 results in stronger SCLCs proliferation. Upregulating miR-21 suppresses SPRY2 expression, activates the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and promotes BMSC differentiation into SCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mei Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - He-Ying Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Cai-Hong Wei
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jun-Ping Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Neural Tissue Engineering, Mudanjiang College of Medicine, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hua Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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White EE, Rhodes SD. The NF1+/- Immune Microenvironment: Dueling Roles in Neurofibroma Development and Malignant Transformation. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:994. [PMID: 38473354 PMCID: PMC10930863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder resulting in the development of both benign and malignant tumors of the peripheral nervous system. NF1 is caused by germline pathogenic variants or deletions of the NF1 tumor suppressor gene, which encodes the protein neurofibromin that functions as negative regulator of p21 RAS. Loss of NF1 heterozygosity in Schwann cells (SCs), the cells of origin for these nerve sheath-derived tumors, leads to the formation of plexiform neurofibromas (PNF)-benign yet complex neoplasms involving multiple nerve fascicles and comprised of a myriad of infiltrating stromal and immune cells. PNF development and progression are shaped by dynamic interactions between SCs and immune cells, including mast cells, macrophages, and T cells. In this review, we explore the current state of the field and critical knowledge gaps regarding the role of NF1(Nf1) haploinsufficiency on immune cell function, as well as the putative impact of Schwann cell lineage states on immune cell recruitment and function within the tumor field. Furthermore, we review emerging evidence suggesting a dueling role of Nf1+/- immune cells along the neurofibroma to MPNST continuum, on one hand propitiating PNF initiation, while on the other, potentially impeding the malignant transformation of plexiform and atypical neurofibroma precursor lesions. Finally, we underscore the potential implications of these discoveries and advocate for further research directed at illuminating the contributions of various immune cells subsets in discrete stages of tumor initiation, progression, and malignant transformation to facilitate the discovery and translation of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to transform risk-adapted care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. White
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Steven D. Rhodes
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplant, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Liu Y, Xu YJ. LKB1 and CRMP1 cooperatively promote the repair of the sciatic nerve injury. Dev Neurobiol 2024; 84:18-31. [PMID: 38105470 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
After peripheral nervous system injury, Schwann cells (SCs) can repair axons by providing a growth-promoting microenvironment. The aim of this study is to explore the effects and mechanisms of LKB1 and CRMP1 on the repair of sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The expressions of LKB1 and CRMP1 were changed in rats with SNI from 12 h to 4 weeks by hematoxylin-eosin staining, RT-PCR assay, immunohistochemical staining, and western blotting. Immunofluorescence results show that LKB1 and CRMP1 are co-localized in the regenerated axons of the sciatic nerve tissue of SNI rats. Co-immunoprecipitation indicates that LKB1 interacts with CRMP1. LKB1 interference suppresses the phosphorylation level of CRMP1. Overexpression of LKB1 and CRMP1 promotes the invasion and migration of SCs, and nerve cell protuberance extends. The structure of the myelin sheath in the sciatic nerve of the model group was found to be loose and disordered. Rats in the model group had higher pain thresholds and heat sensitivity response times than those in the control group. Nerve conduction velocity, the latency of action potential, and the peak value of compound muscle action potential in the SNI group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the muscle atrophy was severe. Overexpression of LKB1 may significantly improve the above conditions. However, the function of LKB1 to improve SNI is abolished by the interference of CRMP1. In summary, the interaction between LKB1 and CRMP promotes the migration and differentiation of SCs and the extension of neurons, thereby improving the repair of nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - You-Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Ghosh M, Pearse DD. Schwann Cell-Derived Exosomal Vesicles: A Promising Therapy for the Injured Spinal Cord. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17317. [PMID: 38139147 PMCID: PMC10743801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale-sized membrane vesicles released by cells into their extracellular milieu. Within these nanovesicles reside a multitude of bioactive molecules, which orchestrate essential biological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival, in the recipient cells. These bioactive properties of exosomes render them a promising choice for therapeutic use in the realm of tissue regeneration and repair. Exosomes possess notable positive attributes, including a high bioavailability, inherent safety, and stability, as well as the capacity to be functionalized so that drugs or biological agents can be encapsulated within them or to have their surface modified with ligands and receptors to imbue them with selective cell or tissue targeting. Remarkably, their small size and capacity for receptor-mediated transcytosis enable exosomes to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and access the central nervous system (CNS). Unlike cell-based therapies, exosomes present fewer ethical constraints in their collection and direct use as a therapeutic approach in the human body. These advantageous qualities underscore the vast potential of exosomes as a treatment option for neurological injuries and diseases, setting them apart from other cell-based biological agents. Considering the therapeutic potential of exosomes, the current review seeks to specifically examine an area of investigation that encompasses the development of Schwann cell (SC)-derived exosomal vesicles (SCEVs) as an approach to spinal cord injury (SCI) protection and repair. SCs, the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system, have a long history of demonstrated benefit in repair of the injured spinal cord and peripheral nerves when transplanted, including their recent advancement to clinical investigations for feasibility and safety in humans. This review delves into the potential of utilizing SCEVs as a therapy for SCI, explores promising engineering strategies to customize SCEVs for specific actions, and examines how SCEVs may offer unique clinical advantages over SC transplantation for repair of the injured spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Ghosh
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
- The Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Damien D. Pearse
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
- The Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- The Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Oliveira JT, Yanick C, Wein N, Gomez Limia CE. Neuron-Schwann cell interactions in peripheral nervous system homeostasis, disease, and preclinical treatment. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1248922. [PMID: 37900588 PMCID: PMC10600466 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1248922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) have a critical role in the peripheral nervous system. These cells are able to support axons during homeostasis and after injury. However, mutations in genes associated with the SCs repair program or myelination result in dysfunctional SCs. Several neuropathies such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, diabetic neuropathy and Guillain-Barré syndrome show abnormal SC functions and an impaired regeneration process. Thus, understanding SCs-axon interaction and the nerve environment in the context of homeostasis as well as post-injury and disease onset is necessary. Several neurotrophic factors, cytokines, and regulators of signaling pathways associated with proliferation, survival and regeneration are involved in this process. Preclinical studies have focused on the discovery of therapeutic targets for peripheral neuropathies and injuries. To study the effect of new therapeutic targets, modeling neuropathies and peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) in vitro and in vivo are useful tools. Furthermore, several in vitro protocols have been designed using SCs and neuron cell lines to evaluate these targets in the regeneration process. SCs lines have been used to generate effective myelinating SCs without success. Alternative options have been investigated using direct conversion from somatic cells to SCs or SCs derived from pluripotent stem cells to generate functional SCs. This review will go over the advantages of these systems and the problems associated with them. In addition, there have been challenges in establishing adequate and reproducible protocols in vitro to recapitulate repair SC-neuron interactions observed in vivo. So, we also discuss the mechanisms of repair SCs-axon interactions in the context of peripheral neuropathies and nerve injury (PNI) in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we summarize current preclinical studies evaluating transgenes, drug, and novel compounds with translational potential into clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolas Wein
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Erickson A, Adameyko I. hPSCs-derived Schwann cells serve for disease modeling and drug discovery. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:501-502. [PMID: 37146574 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this issue, Majd et al.1 derive Schwann cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which can be used to study Schwann cell development and physiology and model diabetic neuropathy. hPSC-derived Schwann cells possess the molecular features of primary Schwann cells and are capable of myelination in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alek Erickson
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna 17165, Sweden.
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Huang Z, Powell R, Kankowski S, Phillips JB, Haastert-Talini K. Culture Conditions for Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Schwann Cells: A Two-Centre Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065366. [PMID: 36982441 PMCID: PMC10049204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult human Schwann cells represent a relevant tool for studying peripheral neuropathies and developing regenerative therapies to treat nerve damage. Primary adult human Schwann cells are, however, difficult to obtain and challenging to propagate in culture. One potential solution is to generate Schwann cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Previously published protocols, however, in our hands did not deliver sufficient viable cell numbers of hiPSC-derived Schwann cells (hiPSC-SCs). We present here, two modified protocols from two collaborating laboratories that overcome these challenges. With this, we also identified the relevant parameters to be specifically considered in any proposed differentiation protocol. Furthermore, we are, to our knowledge, the first to directly compare hiPSC-SCs to primary adult human Schwann cells using immunocytochemistry and RT-qPCR. We conclude the type of coating to be important during the differentiation process from Schwann cell precursor cells or immature Schwann cells to definitive Schwann cells, as well as the amounts of glucose in the specific differentiation medium to be crucial for increasing its efficiency and the final yield of viable hiPSC-SCs. Our hiPSC-SCs further displayed high similarity to primary adult human Schwann cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Huang
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30623 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rebecca Powell
- Department of Pharmacology, University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, UCL, London WC1H 0AL, UK
| | - Svenja Kankowski
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30623 Hannover, Germany
| | - James B. Phillips
- Department of Pharmacology, University College London (UCL) School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, UCL, London WC1H 0AL, UK
- Correspondence: (J.B.P.); (K.H.-T.)
| | - Kirsten Haastert-Talini
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30623 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.B.P.); (K.H.-T.)
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