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Lin C, Zhang S, Yang P, Zhang B, Guo W, Wu R, Liu Y, Wang J, Wu H, Cai H. Combination of UGT1A1 polymorphism and baseline plasma bilirubin levels in predicting the risk of antipsychotic-induced dyslipidemia in schizophrenia patients. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 10:52. [PMID: 38760414 PMCID: PMC11101411 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The prolonged usage of atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPD) among individuals with schizophrenia often leads to metabolic side effects such as dyslipidemia. These effects not only limit one's selection of AAPD but also significantly reduce compliance and quality of life of patients. Recent studies suggest that bilirubin plays a crucial role in maintaining lipid homeostasis and may be a potential pre-treatment biomarker for individuals with dyslipidemia. The present study included 644 schizophrenia patients from two centers. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected at baseline and 4 weeks after admission to investigate the correlation between metabolites, episodes, usage of AAPDs, and occurrence of dyslipidemia. Besides, we explored the combined predictive value of genotypes and baseline bilirubin for dyslipidemia by employing multiple PCR targeted capture techniques to sequence two pathways: bilirubin metabolism-related genes and lipid metabolism-related genes. Our results indicated that there existed a negative correlation between the changes in bilirubin levels and triglyceride (TG) levels in patients with schizophrenia. Among three types of bilirubin, direct bilirubin in the baseline (DBIL-bl) proved to be the most effective in predicting dyslipidemia in the ROC analysis (AUC = 0.627, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the odds ratio from multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that UGT1A1*6 was a protective factor for dyslipidemia (ß = -12.868, p < 0.001). The combination of baseline DBIL and UGT1A1*6 significantly improved the performance in predicting dyslipidemia (AUC = 0.939, p < 0.001). Schizophrenia patients with UGT1A1*6 mutation and a certain level of baseline bilirubin may be more resistant to dyslipidemia and have more selections for AAPD than other patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenquan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuangyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Hunan, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Renrong Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Haishan Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Hualin Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- International Research Center for Precision Medicine, Transformative Technology and Software Services, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.
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Zhao J, Li L, Wang X, Shen J. KN-93 promotes HDAC4 nucleus translocation to promote fatty acid oxidation in myocardial infarction. Exp Cell Res 2024; 438:114050. [PMID: 38663474 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a potentially fatal disease that causes a significant number of deaths worldwide. The strategy of increasing fatty acid oxidation in myocytes is considered a therapeutic avenue to accelerate metabolism to meet energy demands. We conducted the study aiming to investigate the effect of KN-93, which induces histone deacetylase (HDAC)4 shuttling to the nucleus, on fatty acid oxidation and the expression of related genes. A mouse model of myocardial infarction was induced by isoprenaline administration. Heart damage was assessed by the detection of cardiac injury markers. The level of fatty acid oxidation level was evaluated by testing the expression of related genes. Both immunofluorescence and immunoblotting in the cytosol or nucleus were utilized to observe the distribution of HDAC4. The interaction between HDAC4 and specificity protein (SP)1 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. The acetylation level of SP1 was tested after KN-93 treatment and HDAC4 inhibitor. Oxygen consumption rate and immunoblotting experiments were used to determine whether the effect of KN-93 on increasing fatty acid oxidation is through HDAC4 and SP1. Administration of KN-93 significantly reduced cardiac injury in myocardial infarction and promoted fatty acid oxidation both in vitro and in vivo. KN-93 was shown to mediate nuclear translocation of HDAC4. HDAC4 was found to interact with SP1 and reduce SP1 acetylation. HDAC4 or SP1 inhibitors attenuated the effect of KN-93 on fatty acid oxidation. In conclusion, KN-93 promotes HDAC4 translocation to the nucleus, thereby potentially enhancing fatty acid oxidation by SP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Luona Li
- Department of Gastronomy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, China
| | - Xindong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jianping Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China.
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Jo SL, Hong EJ. Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 Regulates Cellular Stress Responses and Inflammatory Pathways in Chronic Neuroinflammatory Conditions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:230. [PMID: 38397828 PMCID: PMC10886208 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and is one of the neurodegenerative diseases that are caused by neuronal death due to various triggers. Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the development of AD. The neuroinflammatory response is manifested by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α; various chemokines; nitrous oxide; and reactive oxygen species. In this study, we evaluated the relevance of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), which is expressed in the brain cells during the induction of neuroinflammation. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chronic neuroinflammation model and Pgrmc1 knockdown cells were used to assess the inflammatory cytokine levels, AD-related factors, inflammation-related signaling, and cell death. Pgrmc1 knockout (KO) mice had higher IL-1β levels after treatment with LPS compared with those of wild-type (WT) mice. Furthermore, Pgrmc1 KO mice had higher levels of inflammatory factors, endoplasmic reticulum stress indicators, and AD-associated markers compared with those of WT mice who underwent LPS treatment or not. Finally, these indicators were observed in vitro using U373-MG astrocytes. In conclusion, the loss of PGRMC1 may promote neuroinflammation and lead to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eui-Ju Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
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Park J, Lee HJ, Han YK, Kang K, Yi JM. Identification of DNA methylation biomarkers for evaluating cardiovascular disease risk from epigenome profiles altered by low-dose ionizing radiation. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:19. [PMID: 38303056 PMCID: PMC10835887 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01630-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental exposure, medical diagnostic and therapeutic applications, and industrial utilization of radionuclides have prompted a growing focus on the risks associated with low-dose radiation (< 100 mGy). Current evidence suggests that such radiation can induce epigenetic changes. Nevertheless, whether exposure to low-dose radiation can disrupt endothelial cell function at the molecular level is unclear. Because endothelial cells play crucial roles in cardiovascular health and disease, we aimed to investigate whether low-dose radiation could lead to differential DNA methylation patterns at the genomic level in endothelial cell (EC) lines. METHODS We screened for changes in DNA methylation patterns in primary human aortic (HAECs) and coronary artery endothelial cells following exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation. Using a subset of genes altered via DNA methylation by low-dose irradiation, we performed gene ontology (GO) analysis to predict the possible biological network mediating the effect of low-dose radiation. In addition, we performed comprehensive validation using methylation and gene expression analyses, and ChIP assay to identify useful biomarkers among candidate genes for use in detecting low-dose radiation exposure in human primary normal ECs. RESULTS Low-dose radiation is sufficient to induce global DNA methylation alterations in normal EC lines. GO analysis demonstrated that these hyper- or hypo-methylated genes were linked to diverse biological pathways. Our findings indicated a robust correlation between promoter hypermethylation and transcriptional downregulation of four genes (PGRMC1, UNC119B, RERE, and FNDC3B) in response to low-dose ionizing radiation in HAECs. CONCLUSIONS Based on these findings, the identified genes can serve as potential DNA methylation biomarkers for the assessment of cardiovascular risk upon exposure to low-dose radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Park
- Department of Microbiology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Hae-June Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Han
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, 47392, South Korea
| | - Keunsoo Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Joo Mi Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, 47392, South Korea.
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Actis Dato V, Lange S, Cho Y. Metabolic Flexibility of the Heart: The Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Health, Heart Failure, and Cardiometabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1211. [PMID: 38279217 PMCID: PMC10816475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the critical role of fatty acid (FA) metabolism in cardiac diseases, particularly heart failure (HF), and the implications for therapeutic strategies. The heart's reliance on ATP, primarily sourced from mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, underscores the significance of metabolic flexibility, with fatty acid oxidation (FAO) being a dominant source. In HF, metabolic shifts occur with an altered FA uptake and FAO, impacting mitochondrial function and contributing to disease progression. Conditions like obesity and diabetes also lead to metabolic disturbances, resulting in cardiomyopathy marked by an over-reliance on FAO, mitochondrial dysfunction, and lipotoxicity. Therapeutic approaches targeting FA metabolism in cardiac diseases have evolved, focusing on inhibiting or stimulating FAO to optimize cardiac energetics. Strategies include using CPT1A inhibitors, using PPARα agonists, and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and function. However, the effectiveness varies, reflecting the complexity of metabolic remodeling in HF. Hence, treatment strategies should be individualized, considering that cardiac energy metabolism is intricate and tightly regulated. The therapeutic aim is to optimize overall metabolic function, recognizing the pivotal role of FAs and the need for further research to develop effective therapies, with promising new approaches targeting mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and FAO that improve cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Actis Dato
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (V.A.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Stephan Lange
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (V.A.D.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, DK 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Yoshitake Cho
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (V.A.D.); (S.L.)
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