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Ullah Khan F, Khongorzul P, Gris D, Amrani A. Stat5b/Ezh2 axis governs high PD-L1 expressing tolerogenic dendritic cell subset in autoimmune diabetes. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112166. [PMID: 38678673 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that play an important role in inducing and maintaining immune tolerance. The altered distribution and/or function of DCs contributes to defective tolerance in autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). In human T1D and in NOD mouse models, DCs share some defects and are often described as less tolerogenic and excessively immunogenic. In the NOD mouse model, the autoimmune response is associated with a defect in the Stat5b signaling pathway. We have reported that expressing a constitutively active form of Stat5b in DCs of transgenic NOD mice (NOD.Stat5b-CA), re-established their tolerogenic function, restored autoimmune tolerance and conferred protection from diabetes. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of Stat5b signaling in regulating splenic conventional DCs tolerogenic signature remained unclear. In this study, we reported that, compared to immunogenic splenic DCs of NOD, splenic DCs of NOD.Stat5b-CA mice exhibited a tolerogenic profile marked by elevated PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production, increased frequency of the cDC2 subset and decreased frequency of the cDC1 subset. This tolerogenic profile was associated with increased Ezh2 and IRF4 but decreased IRF8 expression. We also found an upregulation of PD-L1 in the cDC1 subset and high PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression in cDC2 of NOD.Stat5b-CA mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that Ezh2 plays an important role in the maintenance of high PD-L1 expression in cDC1 and cDC2 subsets and that Ezh2 inhibition resulted in PD-L1 but not PD-L2 downregulation which was more drastic in the cDC2 subset. Additionally, Ezh2 inhibition severely reduced the cDC2 subset and increased the cDC1 subset and Stat5b-CA.DC pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Together our data suggest that the Stat5b-Ezh2 axis is critical for the maintenance of tolerogenic high PD-L1-expressing cDC2 and autoimmune tolerance in NOD.Stat5b-CA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Ullah Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Puregmaa Khongorzul
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Denis Gris
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Abdelaziz Amrani
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
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2
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Jiménez-Cortegana C, Palomares F, Alba G, Santa-María C, de la Cruz-Merino L, Sánchez-Margalet V, López-Enríquez S. Dendritic cells: the yin and yang in disease progression. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1321051. [PMID: 38239364 PMCID: PMC10794555 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1321051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen presenting cells that link innate and adaptive immunity. DCs have been historically considered as the most effective and potent cell population to capture, process and present antigens to activate naïve T cells and originate favorable immune responses in many diseases, such as cancer. However, in the last decades, it has been observed that DCs not only promote beneficial responses, but also drive the initiation and progression of some pathologies, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In line with those notions, different therapeutic approaches have been tested to enhance or impair the concentration and role of the different DC subsets. The blockade of inhibitory pathways to promote DCs or DC-based vaccines have been successfully assessed in cancer, whereas the targeting of DCs to inhibit their functionality has proved to be favorable in IBD. In this review, we (a) described the general role of DCs, (b) explained the DC subsets and their role in immunogenicity, (c) analyzed the role of DCs in cancer and therapeutic approaches to promote immunogenic DCs and (d) analyzed the role of DCs in IBD and therapeutic approaches to reduced DC-induced inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to highlight the "yin-yang" role of DCs to improve the understand of this type of cells in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisca Palomares
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Alba
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Consuelo Santa-María
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis de la Cruz-Merino
- Clinical Oncology Dept. Medicine Department, University of Seville, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Victor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Soledad López-Enríquez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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3
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Zhuang Z, Chen Y, Zheng J, Chen S. The role of TRIF protein in regulating the proliferation and antigen presentation ability of myeloid dendritic cells through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in chronic low-grade inflammation of intestinal mucosa mediated by flagellin-TLR5 complex signal. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16716. [PMID: 38188180 PMCID: PMC10768658 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective is to explore whether the flagellin-TLR5 complex signal can enhance the antigen presentation ability of myeloid DCs through the TRIF-ERK1/2 pathway, and the correlation between this pathway and intestinal mucosal inflammation response. Methods Mouse bone marrow-derived DC line DC2.4 was divided into four groups: control group (BC) was DC2.4 cells cultured normally; flagellin single signal stimulation group (DC2.4+CBLB502) was DC2.4 cells stimulated with flagellin derivative CBLB502 during culture; TLR5-flagellin complex signal stimulation group (ov-TLR5-DC2.4+CBLB502) was flagellin derivative CBLB502 stimulated ov-TLR5-DC2.4 cells with TLR5 gene overexpression; TRIF signal interference group (ov-TLR5-DC2.4+CBLB502+Pepinh-TRIFTFA) was ov-TLR5-DC2.4 cells with TLR5 gene overexpression stimulated with flagellin derivative CBLB502 and intervened with TRIF-specific inhibitor Pepinh-TRIFTFA. WB was used to detect the expression of TRIF and p-ERK1/2 proteins in each group of cells; CCK8 was used to detect cell proliferation in each group; flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of surface molecules MHCI, MHCII, CD80, 86 in each group of cells; ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-12 and IL-4 cytokines in each group. Results Compared with the BC group, DC2.4+CBLB502 group, and ov-TLR5-DC2.4+CBLB502+Pepinh-TRIFTFA group, the expression of TRIF protein and p-ERK1/2 protein in ov-TLR5-DC2.4+CBLB502 group was significantly upregulated (TRIF: p = 0.02, = 0.007, = 0.048) (ERK1: p < 0.001, =0.0003, = 0.0004; ERK2:p = 0.0003, = 0.0012, = 0.0022). The cell proliferation activity in ov-TLR5-DC2.4+CBLB502 group was enhanced compared with the other groups (p = 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p = 0.0015); at the same time, the expression of surface molecules MHCI, MHCII, CD80, 86 on DCs was upregulated (p < 0.05); and the secretion of IL-12 and IL-4 cytokines was increased, with significant differences (IL-12: p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p = 0.0005; IL-4: p = < 0.0001, p = < 0.0001, p = 0.0001). However, the ov-TLR5-DC2.4+CBLB502+Pepinh-TRIFTFA group, which was treated with TRIF signal interference, showed a decrease in intracellular TRIF protein and p-ERK1/2 protein, as well as a decrease in cell proliferation ability and surface stimulation molecules, and a decrease in the secretion of IL-12 and IL-4 cytokines (p < 0.05). Conclusion After stimulation of flagellin protein-TLR5 complex signal, TRIF protein and p-ERK1/2 protein expression in myeloid dendritic cells were significantly up-regulated, accompanied by increased proliferation activity and maturity of DCs, enhanced antigen presentation function, increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-4. This process can be inhibited by the specific inhibitor of TRIF signal, suggesting that the TLR5-TRIF-ERK1/2 pathway may play an important role in abnormal immune response and mucosal chronic inflammation infiltration mediated by flagellin protein in DCs, which can provide a basis for our subsequent animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomeng Zhuang
- Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affifiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affifiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juanhong Zheng
- Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affifiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affifiliated Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Wojciechowicz T, Kolodziejski PA, Billert M, Strowski MZ, Nowak KW, Skrzypski M. The Effects of Neuropeptide B on Proliferation and Differentiation of Porcine White Preadipocytes into Mature Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076096. [PMID: 37047072 PMCID: PMC10094185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide B (NPB) affects energy homeostasis and metabolism by binding and activating NPBWR1 and NPBWR2 in humans and pigs. Recently, we reported that NPB promotes the adipogenesis of rat white and brown preadipocytes as well as 3T3-L1 cells. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of NPB on the proliferation and differentiation of white porcine preadipocytes into mature adipocytes. We identified the presence of NPB, NPBWR1, and NPBWR2 on the mRNA and protein levels in porcine white preadipocytes. During the differentiation process, NPB increased the mRNA expression of PPARγ, C/EBPβ, C/EBPα, PPARγ, and C/EBPβ protein production in porcine preadipocytes. Furthermore, NPB stimulated lipid accumulation in porcine preadipocytes. Moreover, NPB promoted the phosphorylation of the p38 kinase in porcine preadipocytes, but failed to induce ERK1/2 phosphorylation. NPB failed to stimulate the expression of C/EBPβ in the presence of the p38 inhibitor. Taken together, we report that NPB promotes the differentiation of porcine preadipocytes via a p38-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Wojciechowicz
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł A Kolodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Billert
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mathias Z Strowski
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Medical Clinic III, 15236 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Krzysztof W Nowak
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Skrzypski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
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5
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Guindi C, Khan FU, Cloutier A, Khongorzul P, Raki AA, Gaudreau S, McDonald PP, Gris D, Amrani A. Inhibition of PI3K/C/EBPβ axis in tolerogenic bone marrow-derived dendritic cells of NOD mice promotes Th17 differentiation and diabetes development. Transl Res 2022; 255:37-49. [PMID: 36400308 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key regulators of the adaptive immune response. Tolerogenic dendritic cells play a crucial role in inducing and maintaining immune tolerance in autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes in humans as well as in the NOD mouse model. We previously reported that bone marrow-derived DCs (BM.DCs) from NOD mice, generated with a low dose of GM-CSF (GM/DCs), induce Treg differentiation and are able to protect NOD mice from diabetes. We had also found that the p38 MAPK/C/EBPβ axis is involved in regulating the phenotype, as well as the production of IL-10 and IL-12p70, by tolerogenic GM/DCs. Here, we report that the inhibition of the PI3K signaling switched the cytokine profile of GM/DCs toward Th17-promoting cytokines without affecting their phenotype. PI3K inhibition abrogated the production of IL-10 by GM/DCs, whereas it enhanced their production of IL-23 and TGFβ. Inhibition of PI3K signaling in tolerogenic GM/DCs also induced naive CD4+ T cells differentiation toward Th17 cells. Mechanistically, PI3K inhibition increased the DNA-binding activity of C/EBPβ through a GSK3-dependent pathway, which is important to maintain the semimature phenotype of tolerogenic GM/DCs. Furthermore, analysis of C/EBPβ-/- GM/DCs demonstrated that C/EBPβ is required for IL-23 production. Of physiological relevance, the level of protection from diabetes following transfusion of GM/DCs into young NOD mice was significantly reduced when NOD mice were transfused with GM/DCs pretreated with a PI3K inhibitor. Our data suggest that PI3K/C/EBPβ signaling is important in controlling tolerogenic function of GM/DCs by limiting their Th17-promoting cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Guindi
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Farhan Ullah Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Cloutier
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Puregmaa Khongorzul
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ahmed Aziz Raki
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon Gaudreau
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick P McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Denis Gris
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abdelaziz Amrani
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
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6
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Dendritic Cells and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential for Treating Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094885. [PMID: 35563276 PMCID: PMC9099521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells through a process that is primarily mediated by T cells. Emerging evidence suggests that dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in initiating and developing this debilitating disease. DCs are professional antigen-presenting cells with the ability to integrate signals arising from tissue infection or injury that present processed antigens from these sites to naïve T cells in secondary lymphoid organs, thereby triggering naïve T cells to differentiate and modulate adaptive immune responses. Recent advancements in our knowledge of the various subsets of DCs and their cellular structures and methods of orchestration over time have resulted in a better understanding of how the T cell response is shaped. DCs employ various arsenal to maintain their tolerance, including the induction of effector T cell deletion or unresponsiveness and the generation and expansion of regulatory T cell populations. Therapies that suppress the immunogenic effects of dendritic cells by blocking T cell costimulatory pathways and proinflammatory cytokine production are currently being sought. Moreover, new strategies are being developed that can regulate DC differentiation and development and harness the tolerogenic capacity of these cells. Here, in this report, we focus on recent advances in the field of DC immunology and evaluate the prospects of DC-based therapeutic strategies to treat T1D.
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7
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Hong W, Yang B, He Q, Wang J, Weng Q. New Insights of CCR7 Signaling in Dendritic Cell Migration and Inflammatory Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:841687. [PMID: 35281921 PMCID: PMC8914285 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.841687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CCR7, collaborated with its ligands CCL19 and CCL21, controls extensive migratory events in the immune system. CCR7-bearing dendritic cells can swarm into T-cell zones in lymph nodes, initiating the antigen presentation and T-cell response. Abnormal expression of CCR7 in dendritic cells will cause a series of inflammatory diseases due to the chaotic dendritic cell trafficking. In this review, we take an in-depth look at the structural–functional domains of CCR7 and CCR7-bearing dendritic cell trajectory to lymph nodes. Then, we summarize the regulatory network of CCR7, including transcriptional regulation, translational and posttranslational regulation, internalization, desensitization, and recycling. Furthermore, the potential strategies of targeting the CCR7 network to regulate dendritic cell migration and to deal with inflammatory diseases are integrated, which not only emphasizes the possibility of CCR7 to be a potential target of immunotherapy but also has an implication on the homing of dendritic cells to benefit inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Hong
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qinjie Weng, ; Jiajia Wang,
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qinjie Weng, ; Jiajia Wang,
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8
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Ji Z, Xu J, Li M, Wang H, Xu B, Yang Y, Hu Y. The Mechanisms of Immune-chemotherapy with Nanocomplex Codelivery of pTRP-2 and Adjuvant of Paclitaxel against Melanoma. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:1744-1752. [PMID: 35193436 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2045306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma accounts for the highest proportion of all skin cancer deaths. Immune-chemotherapy has transformed anti-melanoma therapy and is a preferred first-line combination strategy for melanoma. We previously prepared dendritic cells (DCs) targeting the nanocomplex paclitaxel (PTX)-encapsulated sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE)/mannosylated N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan (mTMC)/DNA (PTX/SBE-DNA/Man-TMC) for the co-delivery of pTRP-2 DNA and adjuvant PTX. The nanocomplex PTX/SBE-DNA/Man-TMC promoted DC maturation and antigen presentation and spur potent anti-melanoma immunity. However, the mechanism by which PTX/SBE-DNA/Man-TMC regulates the biological functions of DCs and T lymphocytes is unknown. Therefore, we explored the underlying signaling pathways and mixed leukocyte reactions, resulting in enhanced T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. Interleukin-12 secretion from nanocomplex-pulsed mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells was inhibited by treatment with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and a specific blocker of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The results revealed that TLR-4, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways were essential anti-tumor immune responses regulation factors. Furthermore, mixed leukocytes pulsed with PTX/SBE-DNA/Man-TMC induced tumor cell apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle in G0/G1, significantly promoting the synergy. Thus, we concluded that the mechanism driving the PTX/SBE-DNA/Man-TMC immune-chemotherapy synergistic effect was multifactorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Ji
- Pharmacy, Zhejiang pharmaceutical college, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's republic of China
| | - Min Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's republic of China
| | - Beihua Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's republic of China
| | - Yunxu Yang
- Pharmacy, Zhejiang pharmaceutical college, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's republic of China
| | - Ying Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's republic of China.,Pharmacy, Zhejiang pharmaceutical college, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's republic of China
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9
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Robertson H, Li J, Kim HJ, Rhodes JW, Harman AN, Patrick E, Rogers NM. Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies A Tolerogenic Dendritic Cell Signature. Front Immunol 2021; 12:733231. [PMID: 34745103 PMCID: PMC8564488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.733231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are central to regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. Strategies that modify DC function provide new therapeutic opportunities in autoimmune diseases and transplantation. Current pharmacological approaches can alter DC phenotype to induce tolerogenic DC (tolDC), a maturation-resistant DC subset capable of directing a regulatory immune response that are being explored in current clinical trials. The classical phenotypic characterization of tolDC is limited to cell-surface marker expression and anti-inflammatory cytokine production, although these are not specific. TolDC may be better defined using gene signatures, but there is no consensus definition regarding genotypic markers. We address this shortcoming by analyzing available transcriptomic data to yield an independent set of differentially expressed genes that characterize human tolDC. We validate this transcriptomic signature and also explore gene differences according to the method of tolDC generation. As well as establishing a novel characterization of tolDC, we interrogated its translational utility in vivo, demonstrating this geneset was enriched in the liver, a known tolerogenic organ. Our gene signature will potentially provide greater understanding regarding transcriptional regulators of tolerance and allow researchers to standardize identification of tolDC used for cellular therapy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Robertson
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer Li
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Hani Jieun Kim
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jake W Rhodes
- Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew N Harman
- Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ellis Patrick
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Virus Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Natasha M Rogers
- Kidney Injury Group, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Renal and Transplantation Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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10
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Pers YM, Bony C, Duroux-Richard I, Bernard L, Maumus M, Assou S, Barry F, Jorgensen C, Noël D. miR-155 Contributes to the Immunoregulatory Function of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:624024. [PMID: 33841404 PMCID: PMC8033167 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are widely investigated in regenerative medicine thanks to their immunomodulatory properties. They exert their anti-inflammatory function thanks to the secretion of a number of mediators, including proteins and miRNAs, which can be released in the extracellular environment or in the cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, the role of miRNAs in the suppressive function of MSCs is controversial. The aim of the study was to identify miRNAs that contribute to the immunomodulatory function of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). Methods Human BM-MSCs were primed by coculture with activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (aPBMCs). High throughput miRNA transcriptomic analysis was performed using Human MicroRNA TaqMan® Array Cards. The immunosuppressive function of miRNAs was investigated in mixed lymphocyte reactions and the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) murine model. Results Upon priming, 21 out of 377 tested miRNAs were significantly modulated in primed MSCs. We validated the up-regulation of miR-29a, miR-146a, miR-155 and the down-regulation of miR-149, miR-221 and miR-361 in additional samples of primed MSCs. We showed that miR-155 significantly reduced the proliferation of aPBMCs in vitro and inflammation in vivo, using the DTH model. Analysis of miRNA-mRNA interactions revealed miR-221 as a potential target gene that is down-regulated by miR-155 both in primed MSCs and in aPBMCs. Conclusion Here, we present evidence that miR-155 participates to the immunosuppressive function of human BM-MSCs and down-regulates the expression of miR-221 as a possible inflammatory mediator.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Disease Models, Animal
- Extracellular Vesicles/genetics
- Extracellular Vesicles/immunology
- Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/genetics
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/immunology
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/metabolism
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/prevention & control
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/immunology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Transcriptome
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves-Marie Pers
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Bony
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Laurène Bernard
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Maumus
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Said Assou
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frank Barry
- REMEDI, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Danièle Noël
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie University Hospital, Montpellier, France
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11
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Patel S, Werstuck GH. Macrophage Function and the Role of GSK3. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042206. [PMID: 33672232 PMCID: PMC7926541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are present in nearly all vertebrate tissues, where they respond to a complex variety of regulatory signals to coordinate immune functions involved in tissue development, metabolism, homeostasis, and repair. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is a ubiquitously expressed protein kinase that plays important roles in multiple pathways involved in cell metabolism. Dysregulation of GSK3 has been implicated in several prevalent metabolic disorders, and recent findings have highlighted the importance of GSK3 activity in the regulation of macrophages, especially with respect to the initiation of specific pathologies. This makes GSK3 a potential therapeutic target for the development of novel drugs to modulate immunometabolic responses. Here, we summarize recent findings that have contributed to our understanding of how GSK3 regulates macrophage function, and we discuss the role of GSK3 in the development of metabolic disorders and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvatit Patel
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, 237 Barton Street E, Hamilton, ON L9L 2X2, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Geoff H. Werstuck
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, 237 Barton Street E, Hamilton, ON L9L 2X2, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-905-521-2100 (ext. 40747)
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12
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Bonato JM, Meyer E, de Mendonça PSB, Milani H, Prickaerts J, Weffort de Oliveira RM. Roflumilast protects against spatial memory impairments and exerts anti-inflammatory effects after transient global cerebral ischemia. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:1171-1188. [PMID: 33340424 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors have been shown to present beneficial effects in cerebral ischemic injury because of their ability to improve cognition and target different phases and mechanisms of cerebral ischemia, including apoptosis, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. The present study investigated whether repeated treatment with the PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast rescued memory loss and attenuated neuroinflammation in rats following transient global cerebral ischemia (TGCI). TGCI caused memory impairments, neuronal loss (reflected by Neuronal nuclei (NeuN) immunoreactivity), and compensatory neurogenesis (reflected by doublecortin (DCX) immunoreactivity) in the hippocampus. Also, increases in the protein expression of the phosphorylated response element-binding protein (pCREB) and inflammatory markers such as the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), were detected in the hippocampus in TGCI rats. Repeated treatment with roflumilast (0.003 and 0.01 mg/kg) prevented spatial memory deficits without promoting hippocampal protection in ischemic animals. Roflumilast increased the levels of pCREB, arginase-1, interleukin (IL) 4, and IL-10 in the hippocampus 21 days after TGCI. These data suggest a protective effect of roflumilast against functional sequelae of cerebral ischemia, which might be related to its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica M Bonato
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Erika Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Humberto Milani
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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13
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Zhang T, Qin X, Cao Y, Zhang J, Zhao J. Sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) oil enhances proliferation, adipocytes differentiation and insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2020; 29:1511-1518. [PMID: 33088600 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00817-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of sea buckthorn oil (SBO) on proliferation, adipogenic differentiation and insulin sensitivity of 3T3-L1 cells. Results showed that SBO increased cell proliferation ability, accompanied by up-regulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen content (p < 0.05) and p38 activity (p < 0.05). SBO also promoted adipogenesis and enhanced adipogenic transcriptional factors expression. Mitochondrial biogenesis related gene expressions were elevated in SBO treated cells (p < 0.05). Of note, SBO also increased glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 abundance (p < 0.05). Cells treated with SBO exhibited greater phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (p < 0.05), phosphorylated-Akt (p < 0.05) and phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p < 0.01) contents. When taken together, these results suggest that SBO promotes 3T3-L1 cells proliferation, adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Xuze Qin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Cao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Junxing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi People's Republic of China
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14
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Elucidating the Role of Ezh2 in Tolerogenic Function of NOD Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells Expressing Constitutively Active Stat5b. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186453. [PMID: 32899608 PMCID: PMC7554732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tolerogenic dendritic cells (toDCs) are crucial to controlling the development of autoreactive T cell responses and the prevention of autoimmunity. We have reported that NOD.CD11cStat5b-CA transgenic mice expressing a constitutively active (CA) form of Stat5b under the control of a CD11c promoter are protected from diabetes and that Stat5b-CA-expressing DCs are tolerogenic and halt ongoing diabetes in NOD mice. However, the molecular mechanisms by which Stat5b-CA modulates DC tolerogenic function are not fully understood. Here, we used bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) from NOD.CD11cStat5b-CA transgenic mice (Stat5b-CA.BMDCs) and found that Stat5b-CA.BMDCs displayed high levels of MHC class II, CD80, CD86, PD-L1, and PD-L2 and produced elevated amounts of TGFβ but low amounts of TNFα and IL-23. Stat5b-CA.BMDCs upregulated Irf4 and downregulated Irf8 genes and protein expression and promoted CD11c+CD11b+ DC2 subset differentiation. Interestingly, we found that the histone methyltransferase Ezh2 and Stat5b-CA bound gamma-interferon activated site (GAS) sequences in the Irf8 enhancer IRF8 transcription, whereas Stat5b but not Ezh2 bound GAS sequences in the Irf4 promoter to enhance IRF4 transcription. Injection of Stat5b-CA.BMDCs into prediabetic NOD mice halted progression of islet inflammation and protected against diabetes. Importantly, inhibition of Ezh2 in tolerogenic Stat5b-CA.BMDCs reduced their ability to prevent diabetes development in NOD recipient mice. Taken together, our data suggest that the active form of Stat5b induces tolerogenic DC function by modulating IRF4 and IRF8 expression through recruitment of Ezh2 and highlight the fundamental role of Ezh2 in Stat5b-mediated induction of tolerogenic DC function.
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15
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Wei HX, Wang B, Li B. IL-10 and IL-22 in Mucosal Immunity: Driving Protection and Pathology. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1315. [PMID: 32670290 PMCID: PMC7332769 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The barrier surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract are in constant contact with various microorganisms. Cytokines orchestrate the mucosal adaptive and innate immune cells in the defense against pathogens. IL-10 and IL-22 are the best studied members of the IL-10 family and play essential roles in maintaining mucosal homeostasis. IL-10 serves as an important regulator in preventing pro-inflammatory responses while IL-22 plays a protective role in tissue damage and contributes to pathology in certain settings. In this review, we focus on these two cytokines in the development of gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colitis-associated cancer (CAC). We summarize the recent studies and try to gain a better understanding on how they regulate immune responses to maintain equilibrium under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Xing Wei
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Baolong Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bofeng Li
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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16
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Hou H, Wang L, Fu T, Papasergi M, Yule DI, Xia H. Magnesium Acts as a Second Messenger in the Regulation of NMDA Receptor-Mediated CREB Signaling in Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2539-2550. [PMID: 32215817 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01871-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular magnesium ion ([Mg2+]) is a well-known voltage-dependent blocker of NMDA receptors, which plays a critical role in the regulation of neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory. It is generally believed that NMDA receptor activation involves in Mg2+ being removed into extracellular compartment from the channel pore. On the other hand, Mg2+ is one of the most abundant intracellular cations, and involved in numerous cellular functions. However, we do not know if extracellular magnesium ions can influx into neurons to affect intracellular signaling pathways. In our current study, we found that extracellular [Mg2+] elevation enhanced CREB activation by NMDA receptor signaling in both mixed sex rat cultured neurons and brain slices. Moreover, we found that extracellular [Mg2+] led to CREB activation by NMDA application, albeit in a delayed manner, even in the absence of extracellular calcium, suggesting a potential independent role of magnesium in CREB activation. Consistent with this, we found that NMDA application leads to an NMDAR-dependent increase in intracellular-free [Mg2+] in cultured neurons in the absence of extracellular calcium. Chelating this magnesium influx or inhibiting P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) blocked the delayed pCREB by NMDA. Finally, we found that NMDAR signaling in the absence of extracellular calcium activates p38 MAPK. Our studies thus indicate that magnesium influx, dependent on NMDA receptor opening, can transduce a signaling pathway to activate CREB in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Hou
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Tianyue Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Makaia Papasergi
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Houhui Xia
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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17
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Network pharmacology-based identification of the key mechanism of Qinghuo Rougan Formula acting on uveitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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18
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Liu C, Choi MW, Xue X, Cheung PCK. Immunomodulatory Effect of Structurally Characterized Mushroom Sclerotial Polysaccharides Isolated from Polyporus rhinocerus on Bone Marrow Dendritic Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12137-12143. [PMID: 31566976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of two high-molecular-weight and structurally different mushroom polysaccharides, an alkali-soluble polysaccharide (mPRSon) and a water-soluble polysaccharide-protein complex (PRW), isolated previously from the sclerotia of Pleurotus rhinocerus, on the maturation of murine bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). The effects of mPRSon and PRW on the expression of morphological change, surface molecules, phagocytic activity, and cytokine release in BMDCs were determined by flow cytometry and a mouse cytokine array. The results showed that both mPRSon and PRW could induce phenotypic and functional maturation of BMDCs. At the same time, mPRSon upregulated the expression of membrane phenotypic marker CD86 and PRW markedly upregulated CD40, CD80, and CD86. In addition, mPRSon could bind to the dectin-1 receptor and stimulate the release of MIP-1α, MIP-2, and IL-2, while PRW could bind to complement receptor 3 and toll-like receptor 2 with an upregulation of the expression of IL-2, IL-6, MIP-1α, MIP-2, RANTES, IL-12p40p70, IL-12p70, TIMP-1, IFN-γ, KC, MCP-1, and GCSF. The study provides additional information on how structural differences in sclerotial polysaccharides influence their immunomodulatory activities on BMDCs involving different PAMP receptors. It is anticipated that more understanding of the interactions between the sclerotial polysaccharides and their receptors in immune cells can facilitate their future application for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Liu
- Medical Research Center , The People's Hospital of Longhua , Shenzhen , 518109 , People's Republic of China
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Man Wing Choi
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Xingkui Xue
- Medical Research Center , The People's Hospital of Longhua , Shenzhen , 518109 , People's Republic of China
| | - Peter C K Cheung
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
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19
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Guan X, Wang Y, Kai G, Zhao S, Huang T, Li Y, Xu Y, Zhang L, Pang T. Cerebrolysin Ameliorates Focal Cerebral Ischemia Injury Through Neuroinflammatory Inhibition via CREB/PGC-1α Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1245. [PMID: 31695614 PMCID: PMC6818051 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is one of the important factors aggravating brain injury after ischemic stroke. We aimed to investigate the effects of cerebrolysin (CBL) on neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro and the underlying mechanisms. The gene expressions of pro-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors were analyzed by real time PCR in rat transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model, lipopolysaccharides-induced neuroinflammatory mice model and LPS-treated mouse primary microglia cells. The neuroprotective effects of CBL were evaluated by infarct size, Longa test and Rotarod test for long-term functional recovery in rats subjected to ischemia. The role of CREB/PGC-1α pathway in anti-neuroinflammatory effect of CBL was also determined by real time PCR and Western blotting. In the tMCAO model, administration of CBL at 3 h post-ischemia reduced infarct volume, promoted long-term functional recovery, decreased the gene expression of pro-inflammatory factors and increased the gene expression of anti-inflammatory factors. Correspondingly, in LPS-induced neuroinflammatory mice model, CBL treatment attenuated sickness behavior, decreased the gene expression of pro-inflammatory factors, and increased the gene expression of anti-inflammatory factors. In in vitro and in vivo experiments, CBL increased the protein expression levels of PGC-1α and phosphorylated CREB to play anti-inflammatory effect. Additionally, the application of the specific CREB inhibitor, 666-15 compound could effectively reverse the anti-inflammatory effect of CBL in primary mouse microglia cells and anti-ischemic brain injury of CBL in rats subjected to tMCAO. In conclusion, CBL ameliorated cerebral ischemia injury through reducing neuroinflammation partly via the activation of CREB/PGC-1α pathway and may play a therapeutic role as anti-neuroinflammatory agents in the brain disorders associated with neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunjie Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shunyi Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingyu Huang
- Guangdong Long Fu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhongshan, China
| | - Youzhen Li
- Guangdong Long Fu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhongshan, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Pang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Paik S, Choe JH, Choi GE, Kim JE, Kim JM, Song GY, Jo EK. Rg6, a rare ginsenoside, inhibits systemic inflammation through the induction of interleukin-10 and microRNA-146a. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4342. [PMID: 30867482 PMCID: PMC6416268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunobiological functions of Rg6, a rare ginsenoside from ginseng, have been largely unreported. In this paper, we demonstrate that Rg6 has a significant immunosuppressive function on Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-induced systemic inflammatory responses. Rg6 was found to negatively regulate pro-inflammatory responses and severity in vivo, and thus induced recovery in mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic shock and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. Rg6 treatment also facilitated recovery in mice with LPS-induced lung damage via reduced neutrophil infiltration and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in lung tissues. Rg6 injection also downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the levels of interleukin (IL)-10 in the serum of septic mice. Mechanistically, Rg6 did not induce TLR negative regulators, such as A20 and IRAK-M, in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Instead, addition of Rg6 to LPS-activated BMDMs augmented IL-10 expression, whereas it inhibited inflammatory signaling, such as by nuclear factor κB activation and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Furthermore, Rg6 significantly induced miR-146a, an operator miRNA for anti-inflammation, in BMDMs. Collectively, these data indicate that Rg6 inhibits inflammatory responses through the induction of IL-10 and miR-146a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwha Paik
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Choe
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Eun Choi
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Yong Song
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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