1
|
Laskin GR, Rentería LI, Muller-Delp JM, Kim JS, Chase PB, Hwang HS, Gordon BS. Short-term aerobic exercise prevents development of glucocorticoid myopathic features in aged skeletal muscle in a sex-dependent manner. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38861348 DOI: 10.1113/jp286334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Older adults are vulnerable to glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy and weakness, with sex potentially influencing their susceptibility to those effects. Aerobic exercise can reduce glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy in young rodents. However, it is unknown whether aerobic exercise can prevent glucocorticoid myopathy in aged muscle. The objectives of this study were to define the extent to which sex influences the development of glucocorticoid myopathy in aged muscle, and to determine the extent to which aerobic exercise training protects against myopathy development. Twenty-four-month-old female (n = 30) and male (n = 33) mice were randomized to either sedentary or aerobic exercise groups. Within their respective groups, mice were randomized to either daily treatment with dexamethasone (DEX) or saline. Upon completing treatments, the contractile properties of the triceps surae complex were assessed in situ. DEX marginally lowered muscle mass and soluble protein content in both sexes, which was attenuated by aerobic exercise only in females. DEX increased sub-tetanic force and rate of force development only in females, which was not influenced by aerobic exercise. Muscle fatigue was higher in both sexes following DEX, but aerobic exercise prevented fatigue induction only in females. The sex-specific differences to muscle function in response to DEX treatment coincided with sex-specific changes to the content of proteins related to calcium handling, mitochondrial quality control, reactive oxygen species production, and glucocorticoid receptor in muscle. These findings define several important sexually dimorphic changes to aged skeletal muscle physiology in response to glucocorticoid treatment and define the capacity of short-term aerobic exercise to protect against those changes. KEY POINTS: There are sexually dimorphic effects of glucocorticoids on aged skeletal muscle physiology. Glucocorticoid-induced changes to aged muscle contractile properties coincide with sex-specific differences in the content of calcium handling proteins. Aerobic exercise prevents glucocorticoid-induced fatigue only in aged females and coincides with differences in the content of mitochondrial quality control proteins and glucocorticoid receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grant R Laskin
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Liliana I Rentería
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Judy M Muller-Delp
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Jeong-Su Kim
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - P Bryant Chase
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Hyun Seok Hwang
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Bradley S Gordon
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kang M, Kang M, Yoo J, Lee J, Lee S, Yun B, Song M, Kim JM, Kim HW, Yang J, Kim Y, Oh S. Dietary supplementation with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC3201 alleviates sarcopenia by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites in dexamethasone-induced models. Food Funct 2024; 15:4936-4953. [PMID: 38602003 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05420a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics can exert direct or indirect influences on various aspects of health claims by altering the composition of the gut microbiome and producing bioactive metabolites. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC3201 on skeletal muscle atrophy in dexamethasone-induced C2C12 cells and a mouse animal model. Dexamethasone treatment significantly reduced C2C12 muscle cell viability, myotube diameter, and levels of muscle atrophic markers (Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1). These effects were alleviated by conditioned media (CM) and cell extract (EX) derived from L. rhamnosus IDCC3201. In addition, we assessed the in vivo therapeutic effect of L. rhamnosus IDCC3201 in a mouse model of dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy. Supplementation with IDCC3201 resulted in significant enhancements in body composition, particularly in lean mass, muscle strength, and myofibril size, in DEX-induced muscle atrophy mice. In comparison to the DEX-treatment group, the normal and DEX + L. rhamnosus IDCC3201 groups showed a higher transcriptional level of myosin heavy chain family genes (MHC1, MHC1b, MHC2A, 2bB, and 2X) and a reduction in atrophic muscle makers. These analyses revealed that L. rhamnosus IDCC3201 supplementation led to increased production of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and improved the Allobaculum genus within the gut microbiota of muscle atrophy-induced groups. Taken together, our findings suggest that L. rhamnosus IDCC3201 represents a promising dietary supplement with the potential to alleviate sarcopenia by modulating the gut microbiome and metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minkyoung Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseon Yoo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Yun
- Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Mo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kim
- College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Yang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangnam Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yoo A, Kim JI, Lee H, Nirmala FS, Hahm JH, Seo HD, Jung CH, Ha TY, Ahn J. Gromwell ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy through the regulation of Akt/mTOR pathway. Chin Med 2024; 19:20. [PMID: 38287373 PMCID: PMC10826094 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle atrophy is characterized by decreased muscle mass, function, and strength. Synthetic glucocorticoids, including dexamethasone (Dexa), are commonly used to treat autoimmune diseases. However, prolonged exposure of Dexa with high dose exerts severe side effects, including muscle atrophy. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Gromwell root extract (GW) can prevent Dexa-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 cells and mice and to characterize the composition of GW to identify bioactive compounds. METHODS For in vitro experiments, GW (0.5 and 1 µg/mL) or lithospermic acid (LA, 5 and 10 µM) was added to C2C12 myotubes on day 4 of differentiation and incubated for 24 h, along with 50 µM Dexa. For in vivo experiment, four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the four following groups (n = 7/group): Con group, Dexa group, GW0.1 group, and GW0.2 group. Mice were fed experimental diets of AIN-93 M with or without 0.1 or 0.2% GW for 4 weeks. Subsequently, muscle atrophy was induced by administering an intraperitoneal injection of Dexa at a dose of 15 mg/kg/day for 38 days, in conjunction with dietary intake. RESULTS In Dexa-induced myotube atrophy, treatment with GW increased myotube diameter, reduced the expression of muscle atrophy markers, and enhanced the expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in C2C12 cells. Supplementation with the GW improved muscle function and performance in mice with Dexa-induced muscle atrophy, evidenced in the grip strength and running tests. The GW group showed increased lean body mass, skeletal muscle mass, size, and myosin heavy chain isoform expression, along with reduced skeletal muscle atrophy markers in Dexa-injected mice. Supplementation with GW increased protein synthesis and decreased protein degradation through the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin and glucocorticoid receptor/forkhead box O3 signaling pathways, respectively. We identified LA as a potential bioactive component of the GW. LA treatment increased myotube diameter and decreased the expression of muscle atrophy markers in Dexa-induced C2C12 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the potential of the GW in preventing Dexa-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and highlight the contribution of LA to its effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahyoung Yoo
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Korea
| | - Jung-In Kim
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Korea
| | - Farida S Nirmala
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Hahm
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Korea
| | - Hyo Deok Seo
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, 55365, Korea.
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang XC, Huang YL, Guo YT, Li SY, Gao C, Chen JX, Ma JY, He B. An experimental study for quantitative assessment of fatty infiltration and blood flow perfusion in quadriceps muscle of rats using IDEAL-IQ and BOLD-MRI for early diagnosis of sarcopenia. Exp Gerontol 2023; 183:112322. [PMID: 37929293 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe sarcopenia may result in severe disability. Early diagnosis is currently the key to enhancing the treatment of sarcopenia, and there is an urgent need for a highly sensitive and dependable tool to evaluate the course of early sarcopenia in clinical practice. This study aims to investigate longitudinally the early diagnosability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based fat infiltration and blood flow perfusion technology in sarcopenia progression. METHODS 48 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into six groups that were based on different periods of dexamethasone (DEX) injection (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 days). Multimodal MRI was scanned to assess muscle mass. Grip strength and swimming exhaustion time of rats were measured to assess muscle strength and function. Immunofluorescence staining for CD31 was employed to assess skeletal muscle capillary formation, and western blot was used to detect vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and muscle ring finger-1 (MuRF-1) protein expression. Subsequently, we analyzed the correlation between imaging and histopathologic parameters. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of quantitative MRI parameters for discriminating diagnosis in both pre- and post-modeling of DEX-induced sarcopenic rats. RESULTS Significant differences were found in PDFF, R2* and T2 values on day 2 of DEX-induction compared to the control group, occurring prior to the MRI-CSA values and limb grip strength on day 6 of induction and swimming exhaustion time on day 8 of induction. There is a strong correlation between MRI-CSA with HE-CSA values (r = 0.67; p < 0.001), oil red O (ORO) area with PDFF (r = 0.67; p < 0.001), microvascular density (MVD) (r = -0.79; p < 0.001) and VEGF-A (r = -0.73; p < 0.001) with R2*, MuRF-1 with MRI-CSA (r = -0.82; p < 0.001). The AUC of PDFF, R2*, and T2 values used for modeling evaluation are 0.81, 0.93, and 0.98, respectively. CONCLUSION Imaging parameters PDFF, R2*, and T2 can be used to sensitively evaluate early pathological changes in sarcopenia. The successful construction of a sarcopenia rat model can be assessed when PDFF exceeds 1.25, R2* exceeds 53.85, and T2 exceeds 33.88.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Chen Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Long Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Tong Guo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Si-Yu Li
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jia-Xin Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ji-Yao Ma
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hyun J, Kang SI, Lee SW, Amarasiri RPGSK, Nagahawatta DP, Roh Y, Wang L, Ryu B, Jeon YJ. Exploring the Potential of Olive Flounder Processing By-Products as a Source of Functional Ingredients for Muscle Enhancement. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1755. [PMID: 37760060 PMCID: PMC10526038 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive flounder (OF) is a widely aqua-cultivated and recognized socioeconomic resource in Korea. However, more than 50% of by-products are generated when processing one OF, and there is no proper way to utilize them. With rising awareness and interest in eco-friendly bio-materialization recycling, this research investigates the potential of enzymatic hydrolysis of OF by-products (OFB) to produce functional ingredients. Various enzymatic hydrolysates of OFB (OFBEs) were generated using 11 commercial enzymes. Among them, Prozyme 2000P-assisted OFBE (OFBP) exhibited the highest protein content and yield, as well as low molecularization. The muscle regenerative potential of OFBEs was evaluated using C2C12 myoblasts, revealing that OFBP positively regulated myoblast differentiation. In an in vitro Dex-induced myotube atrophy model, OFBP protected against muscle atrophy and restored myotube differentiation and Dex-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, zebrafish treated with OFBEs showed improved locomotor activity and body weight, with OFBP exhibiting outstanding restoration in the Dex-induced muscle atrophy zebrafish in vivo model. In conclusion, OFBEs, particularly OFBP, produce hydrolysates with enhanced physiological usability and muscle regenerative potential. Further research on its industrial application and mechanistic insights is needed to realize its potential as a high-quality protein food ingredient derived from OF processing by-products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Hyun
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (J.H.)
| | - Sang-In Kang
- Seafood Research Center, Silla University, Busan 49277, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sang-Woon Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (J.H.)
| | - R. P. G. S. K. Amarasiri
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (J.H.)
| | - D. P. Nagahawatta
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (J.H.)
| | - Yujin Roh
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (J.H.)
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bomi Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jhuo CF, Hsieh SK, Chen WY, Tzen JTC. Attenuation of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Induced by Dexamethasone in Rats by Teaghrelin Supplementation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020688. [PMID: 36677745 PMCID: PMC9864913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy caused by an imbalance between the synthesis and the degradation of proteins is a syndrome commonly found in the elders. Teaghrelin, a natural compound from oolong tea, has been shown to promote cell differentiation and to inhibit dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 cells. In this study, the therapeutic effects of teaghrelin on muscle atrophy were evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats treated with dexamethasone. The masses of the soleus, gastrocnemius and extensor digitorum longus muscles were reduced in dexamethasone-treated rats, and the reduction of these muscle masses was significantly attenuated when the rats were supplemented with teaghrelin. Accordingly, the level of serum creatine kinase, a marker enzyme of muscle proteolysis, was elevated in dexamethasone-treated rats, and the elevation was substantially reduced by teaghrelin supplementation. A decrease in Akt phosphorylation causing the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy for protein degradation was detected in the gastrocnemius muscles of the dexamethasone-treated rats, and this signaling pathway for protein degradation was significantly inhibited by teaghrelin supplementation. Protein synthesis via the mTOR/p70S6K pathway was slowed down in the gastrocnemius muscles of the dexamethasone-treated rats and was significantly rescued after teaghrelin supplementation. Teaghrelin seemed to prevent muscle atrophy by reducing protein degradation and enhancing protein synthesis via Akt phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cian-Fen Jhuo
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Kuo Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-Y.C.); (J.T.C.T.); Tel.: +886-4-22840328 (ext. 776) (J.T.C.T.); Fax: +886-4-22853527 (J.T.C.T.)
| | - Jason T. C. Tzen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-Y.C.); (J.T.C.T.); Tel.: +886-4-22840328 (ext. 776) (J.T.C.T.); Fax: +886-4-22853527 (J.T.C.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Seo E, Truong CS, Jun HS. Psoralea corylifolia L. seed extract attenuates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in mice by inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115490. [PMID: 35728709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (PCS), also called "Boh-Gol-Zhee" in Korean, have been used in traditional medicine. PCS is effective for the treatment of vitiligo, cancer, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, kidney diseases, and musculoskeletal diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we validated the beneficial effects of PCS extract on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS DEX (20 mg/kg/day, 10 days) was intraperitoneally injected into C57BL/6 male mice to induce muscular atrophy. Oral administration of PCS extract (200 or 500 mg/kg/day) was started 2 days before DEX injection and continued for 12 days. RESULTS PCS extract inhibited DEX-induced decrease in body and muscle weight, grip strength, and cross-sectional area of the tibialis anterior. PCS extract significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of myosin heavy chain 1, 2A, and 2X in DEX-administered mice. DEX administration significantly increased the levels of muscle atrophy factors atrogin-1, muscle RING-finger protein-1, and myostatin, which were inhibited by the PCS extract. Additionally, PCS extract increased the expression of muscle regeneration factors, such as myoblast determination protein 1, myogenin, and embryonic myosin heavy chain, and muscle synthesis markers, such as protein kinase B and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling molecules. PCS extract also significantly decreased the DEX-induced production of 4-hydroxynonenal, an oxidative stress marker. Furthermore, PCS extract recovered superoxide dismutase 2, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities, which were significantly reduced by DEX administration. Moreover, DEX-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells and expression of cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, significantly decreased after PCS extract administration. CONCLUSIONS Here, we demonstrated that PCS extract administration protected against DEX-induced muscle atrophy. This beneficial effect was mediated by suppressing the expression of muscle degradation factors and increasing the expression of muscle regeneration and synthesis factors. This effect was probably due to the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. These results highlight the potential of PCS extract as a protective and therapeutic agent against muscle dysfunction and atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunhui Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea; Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cao-Sang Truong
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea; Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea; Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sirtuin 6 inhibition protects against glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by regulating IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5415. [PMID: 36109503 PMCID: PMC9478160 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32905-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic activation of stress hormones such as glucocorticoids leads to skeletal muscle wasting in mammals. However, the molecular events that mediate glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting are not well understood. Here, we show that SIRT6, a chromatin-associated deacetylase indirectly regulates glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting by modulating IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling. Our results show that SIRT6 levels are increased during glucocorticoid-induced reduction of myotube size and during skeletal muscle atrophy in mice. Notably, overexpression of SIRT6 spontaneously decreases the size of primary myotubes in a cell-autonomous manner. On the other hand, SIRT6 depletion increases the diameter of myotubes and protects them against glucocorticoid-induced reduction in myotube size, which is associated with enhanced protein synthesis and repression of atrogenes. In line with this, we find that muscle-specific SIRT6 deficient mice are resistant to glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting. Mechanistically, we find that SIRT6 deficiency hyperactivates IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling through c-Jun transcription factor-mediated increase in IGF2 expression. The increased activation, in turn, leads to nuclear exclusion and transcriptional repression of the FoxO transcription factor, a key activator of muscle atrophy. Further, we find that pharmacological inhibition of SIRT6 protects against glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting in mice by regulating IGF/PI3K/AKT signaling implicating the role of SIRT6 in glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy.
Collapse
|
9
|
Dunlap KR, Laskin GR, Waddell DS, Black AJ, Steiner JL, Vied C, Gordon BS. Aerobic exercise-mediated changes in the expression of glucocorticoid responsive genes in skeletal muscle differ across the day. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 550:111652. [PMID: 35461977 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are released in response to acute aerobic exercise. The objective was to define changes in the expression of glucocorticoid target genes in skeletal muscle in response to acute aerobic exercise at different times of day. We identified glucocorticoid target genes altered in skeletal muscle by acute exercise by comparing data sets from rodents subjected to acute aerobic exercise in the light or dark cycles to data sets from C2C12 myotubes treated with glucocorticoids. The role of glucocorticoid receptor signaling and REDD1 protein in mediating gene expression was assessed in exercised mice. Changes to expression of glucocorticoid genes were greater when exercise occurred in the dark cycle. REDD1 was required for the induction of genes induced at both times of day. In all, the time of day at which aerobic exercise is conducted dictates changes to the expression of glucocorticoid target genes in skeletal muscle with REDD1 contributing to those changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten R Dunlap
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 600 W. Cottage Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Grant R Laskin
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 600 W. Cottage Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - David S Waddell
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Adam J Black
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, 111 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jennifer L Steiner
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 600 W. Cottage Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, 600 W. Cottage Ave, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Cynthia Vied
- Translational Sciences Laboratory, Florida State University College of Medicine, 1115 West Call Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Bradley S Gordon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 600 W. Cottage Avenue, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, 600 W. Cottage Ave, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Myxomavirus Serp-1 Protein Ameliorates Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051154. [PMID: 35625891 PMCID: PMC9138346 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked disease afflicting 1 in 3500 males that is characterized by muscle weakness and wasting during early childhood, and loss of ambulation and death by early adulthood. Chronic inflammation due to myofiber instability leads to fibrosis, which is a primary cause of loss of ambulation and cardiorespiratory insufficiency. Current standard of care focuses on reducing inflammation with corticosteroids, which have serious adverse effects. It is imperative to identify alternate immunosuppressants as treatments to reduce fibrosis and mortality. Serp-1, a Myxoma virus-derived 55 kDa secreted glycoprotein, has proven efficacy in a range of animal models of acute inflammation, and its safety and efficacy has been shown in a clinical trial. In this initial study, we examined whether pegylated Serp-1 (PEGSerp-1) treatment would ameliorate chronic inflammation in a mouse model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Our data revealed a significant reduction in diaphragm fibrosis and increased myofiber diameter, and significantly decreased pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage infiltration. The M2a macrophage and overall T cell populations showed no change. These data demonstrate that treatment with this new class of poxvirus-derived immune-modulating serpin has potential as a therapeutic approach designed to ameliorate DMD pathology and facilitate muscle regeneration.
Collapse
|
11
|
Jia H, Yamashita T, Li X, Kato H. Laurel Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy In Vitro and in a Rat Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102029. [PMID: 35631169 PMCID: PMC9143575 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of muscle atrophy contributes to improved quality of life and life expectancy. In this study, we investigated the effects of laurel, selected from 34 spices and herbs, on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and deciphered the underlying mechanisms. Co-treatment of C2C12 myotubes with laurel for 12 h inhibited the DEX-induced expression of intracellular ubiquitin ligases—muscle atrophy F-box (atrogin-1/MAFbx) and muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1)—and reduction in myotube diameter. Male Wistar rats were supplemented with 2% laurel for 17 days, with DEX-induced skeletal muscle atrophy occurring in the last 3 days. Laurel supplementation inhibited the mRNA expression of MuRF1, regulated DNA damage and development 1 (Redd1), and forkhead box class O 1 (Foxo1) in the muscles of rats. Mechanistically, we evaluated the effects of laurel on the cellular proteolysis machinery—namely, the ubiquitin/proteasome system and autophagy—and the mTOR signaling pathway, which regulates protein synthesis. These data indicated that the amelioration of DEX-induced skeletal muscle atrophy induced by laurel, is mainly mediated by the transcriptional inhibition of downstream factors of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Thus, laurel may be a potential food ingredient that prevents muscle atrophy.
Collapse
|
12
|
Iolascon G, Moretti A, Paoletta M, Liguori S, Di Munno O. Muscle Regeneration and Function in Sports: A Focus on Vitamin D. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57101015. [PMID: 34684052 PMCID: PMC8537590 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Muscle is one of the main targets for the biological effects of vitamin D. This hormone modulates several functions of skeletal muscles, from development to tissue repair after injury, through genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Vitamin D deficiency and supplementation seem to significantly affect muscle strength in different populations, including athletes, although optimal serum 25(OH)D3 level for sport performance has not been defined so far. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency results in myopathy characterized by fast-twitch fiber atrophy, fatty infiltration, and fibrosis. However, less is known about regenerative effects of vitamin D supplementation after sport-related muscle injuries. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is particularly expressed in the embryonic mesoderm during intrauterine life and in satellite cells at all stages of life for recovery of the skeletal muscle after injury. Vitamin D supplementation enhances muscle differentiation, growth, and regeneration by increasing the expression of myogenic factors in satellite cells. The objective of this narrative review is to describe the role of vitamin D in sport-related muscle injury and tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.P.); (S.L.)
| | - Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.P.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0815665537
| | - Marco Paoletta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.P.); (S.L.)
| | - Sara Liguori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.P.); (S.L.)
| | - Ombretta Di Munno
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang L, Jiao XF, Wu C, Li XQ, Sun HX, Shen XY, Zhang KZ, Zhao C, Liu L, Wang M, Bu YL, Li JW, Xu F, Chang CL, Lu X, Gao W. Trimetazidine attenuates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy via inhibiting NLRP3/GSDMD pathway-mediated pyroptosis. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:251. [PMID: 34537816 PMCID: PMC8449784 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is one of the major side effects of high dose or sustained usage of glucocorticoids. Pyroptosis is a novel form of pro-inflammatory programmed cell death that may contribute to skeletal muscle injury. Trimetazidine, a well-known anti-anginal agent, can improve skeletal muscle performance both in humans and mice. We here showed that dexamethasone-induced atrophy, as evidenced by the increase of muscle atrophy F-box (Atrogin-1) and muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1) expression, and the decrease of myotube diameter in C2C12 myotubes. Dexamethasone also induced pyroptosis, indicated by upregulated pyroptosis-related protein NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), Caspase-1, and gasdermin-D (GSDMD). Knockdown of NLRP3 or GSDMD attenuated dexamethasone-induced myotube pyroptosis and atrophy. Trimetazidine treatment ameliorated dexamethasone-induced muscle pyroptosis and atrophy both in vivo and in vitro. Activation of NLRP3 using LPS and ATP not only increased the cleavage and activation of Caspase-1 and GSDMD, but also increased the expression levels of atrophy markers MuRF1 and Atrogin-1 in trimetazidine-treated C2C12 myotubes. Mechanically, dexamethasone inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a, which could be attenuated by trimetazidine. Conversely, co-treatment with a PI3K/AKT inhibitor, picropodophyllin, remarkably increased the expression of NLRP3 and reversed the protective effects of trimetazidine against dexamethasone-induced C2C12 myotube pyroptosis and atrophy. Taken together, our study suggests that NLRP3/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis might be a novel mechanism for dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Trimetazidine might be developed as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Feng Jiao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Li
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Xian Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi-Yu Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kang-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Can Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Ling Bu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Wen Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen-Lu Chang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pharmacologic approaches to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy after spinal cord injury. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 60:193-199. [PMID: 34461564 PMCID: PMC9190029 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a hallmark of severe spinal cord injury (SCI) that is precipitated by the neural insult and paralysis. Additionally, other factors may influence muscle loss, including systemic inflammation, low testosterone, low insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and high-dose glucocorticoid treatment. The signaling cascades that drive SCI-induced muscle loss are common among most forms of disuse atrophy and include ubiquitin-proteasome signaling and others. However, differing magnitudes and patterns of atrophic signals exist after SCI versus other disuse conditions and are accompanied by endogenous inhibition of IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling, which combine to produce exceedingly rapid atrophy. Several well-established anabolic agents, including androgens and myostatin inhibitors, display diminished ability to prevent SCI-induced atrophy, while ursolic acid and β2-agonists more effectively attenuate muscle loss. Strategies combining physical rehabilitation regimens to reload the paralyzed limbs with drugs targeting the underlying molecular pathways hold the greatest potential to improve muscle recovery after severe SCI.
Collapse
|
15
|
Oh S, Yang J, Park C, Son K, Byun K. Dieckol Attenuated Glucocorticoid-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Decreasing NLRP3 Inflammasome and Pyroptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8057. [PMID: 34360821 PMCID: PMC8348567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (Dexa), frequently used as an anti-inflammatory agent, paradoxically leads to muscle inflammation and muscle atrophy. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) lead to nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome formation through nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) upregulation. NLRP3 inflammasome results in pyroptosis and is associated with the Murf-1 and atrogin-1 upregulation involved in protein degradation and muscle atrophy. The effects of Ecklonia cava extract (ECE) and dieckol (DK) on attenuating Dexa-induced muscle atrophy were evaluated by decreasing NLRP3 inflammasome formation in the muscles of Dexa-treated animals. The binding of AGE or high mobility group protein 1 to RAGE or TLR4 was increased by Dexa but significantly decreased by ECE or DK. The downstream signaling pathways of RAGE (c-Jun N-terminal kinase or p38) were increased by Dexa but decreased by ECE or DK. NF-κB, downstream of RAGE or TLR4, was increased by Dexa but decreased by ECE or DK. The NLRP3 inflammasome component (NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like), cleaved caspase -1, and cleaved gasdermin D, markers of pyroptosis, were increased by Dexa but decreased by ECE and DK. Interleukin-1β/Murf-1/atrogin-1 expression was increased by Dexa but restored by ECE or DK. The mean muscle fiber cross-sectional area and grip strength were decreased by Dexa but restored by ECE or DK. In conclusion, ECE or DK attenuated Dexa-induced muscle atrophy by decreasing NLRP3 inflammasome formation and pyroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Oh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (S.O.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jinyoung Yang
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (S.O.); (J.Y.)
| | - Chulhyun Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea;
| | - Kukhui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea;
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (S.O.); (J.Y.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21936, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dou M, Zhou X, Li L, Zhang M, Wang W, Wang M, Jing Y, Ma R, Zhao J, Zhu L. Illumination of Molecular Pathways in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions and the Immune Mechanism of Matrine Treatment in EAE, a Mouse Model of MS. Front Immunol 2021; 12:640778. [PMID: 33912166 PMCID: PMC8072148 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.640778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not clear, and the treatment of MS presents a great challenge. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of MS and to define target genes of matrine, a quinolizidine alkaloid component derived from the root of Sophorae flavescens that effectively suppressed experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. To this end, the GSE108000 gene data set in the Gene Expression Omnibus Database, which included 7 chronic active MS lesions and 10 control samples of white matter, was analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). X cell was used to analyze the microenvironmental differences in brain tissue samples of MS patients, including 64 types of immune cells and stromal cells. The biological functions and enriched signaling pathways of DEGs were analyzed by multiple approaches, including GO, KEGG, GSEA, and GSVA. The results by X cell showed significantly increased numbers of immune cell populations in the MS lesions, with decreased erythrocytes, megakaryocytes, adipocytes, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, Th1 cells and Tregs. In GSE108000, there were 637 DEGs, including 428 up-regulated and 209 down-regulated genes. Potential target genes of matrine were then predicted by the network pharmacology method of Traditional Chinese medicine, and 12 key genes were obtained by cross analysis of the target genes of matrine and DEGs in MS lesions. Finally, we confirmed by RT-PCR the predicted expression of these genes in brain tissues of matrine-treated EAE mice. Among these genes, 2 were significantly downregulated and 6 upregulated by matrine treatment, and the significance of this gene regulation was further investigated. In conclusion, our study defined several possible matrine target genes, which can be further elucidated as mechanism(s) of matrine action, and novel targets in the treatment of MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, the Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueliang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the first Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, the Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengru Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yilei Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ulla A, Uchida T, Miki Y, Sugiura K, Higashitani A, Kobayashi T, Ohno A, Nakao R, Hirasaka K, Sakakibara I, Nikawa T. Morin attenuates dexamethasone-mediated oxidative stress and atrophy in mouse C2C12 skeletal myotubes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 704:108873. [PMID: 33848514 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are the drugs most commonly used to manage inflammatory diseases. However, they are prone to inducing muscle atrophy by increasing muscle proteolysis and decreasing protein synthesis. Various studies have demonstrated that antioxidants can mitigate glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Here, we investigated the effect of a potent antioxidative natural flavonoid, morin, on the muscle atrophy and oxidative stress induced by dexamethasone (Dex) using mouse C2C12 skeletal myotubes. Dex (10 μM) enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C2C12 myotubes via glucocorticoid receptor. Moreover, Dex administration reduced the diameter and expression levels of the myosin heavy chain protein in C2C12 myotubes, together with the upregulation of muscle atrophy-associated ubiquitin ligases, such as muscle atrophy F-box protein 1/atrogin-1, muscle ring finger protein-1, and casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene-b. Dex also significantly decreased phosphorylated Foxo3a and increased total Foxo3a expression. Interestingly, Dex-induced ROS accumulation and Foxo3a expression were inhibited by morin (10 μM) pretreatment. Morin also prevented the Dex-induced reduction of myotube thickness, together with muscle protein degradation and suppression of the upregulation of atrophy-associated ubiquitin ligases. In conclusion, our results suggest that morin effectively prevents glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy by reducing oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anayt Ulla
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Medical Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Uchida
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Medical Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yukari Miki
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Medical Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kosuke Sugiura
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Medical Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan; Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Medical Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology, Nagoya University, School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayako Ohno
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Medical Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Reiko Nakao
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Medical Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hirasaka
- Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Iori Sakakibara
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Medical Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nikawa
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Medical Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kourakis S, Timpani CA, Campelj DG, Hafner P, Gueven N, Fischer D, Rybalka E. Standard of care versus new-wave corticosteroids in the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Can we do better? Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:117. [PMID: 33663533 PMCID: PMC7934375 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01758-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological corticosteroid therapy is the standard of care in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) that aims to control symptoms and slow disease progression through potent anti-inflammatory action. However, a major concern is the significant adverse effects associated with long term-use. MAIN: This review discusses the pros and cons of standard of care treatment for DMD and compares it to novel data generated with the new-wave dissociative corticosteroid, vamorolone. The current status of experimental anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals is also reviewed, with insights regarding alternative drugs that could provide therapeutic advantage. CONCLUSIONS Although novel dissociative steroids may be superior substitutes to corticosteroids, other potential therapeutics should be explored. Repurposing or developing novel pharmacological therapies capable of addressing the many pathogenic features of DMD in addition to anti-inflammation could elicit greater therapeutic advantages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kourakis
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cara A Timpani
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Dean G Campelj
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Patricia Hafner
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Developmental Medicine, University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nuri Gueven
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Dirk Fischer
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Developmental Medicine, University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emma Rybalka
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Han Z, Chang C, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Zheng J, Kang X, Jin G, Gong Z. Role of SIRT2 in regulating the dexamethasone-activated autophagy pathway in skeletal muscle atrophy. Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 99:562-569. [PMID: 33481678 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2020-0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteolytic autophagy system is involved in a major regulatory pathway in dexamethasone (Dex)-induced muscle atrophy. Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is known to modulate autophagy signaling, exerting effects in skeletal muscle atrophy. We examined the effects of SIRT2 on autophagy in Dex-induced myoatrophy. Tostudy this, mice were randomly distributed among the normal, Dex, and sirtinol groups. C2C12 cells were differentiated into myotubes and transduced with lentivirus carrying Sirt2-green fluorescent protein (GFP) or Sirt2 short hairpin RNA (Sirt2-shRNA)-GFP. To evaluate the mass and function of skeletal muscles, we measured myofiber cross-sectional area, myotube size, gastrocnemius (GA) muscle wet mass:body mass ratio (%), and time to exhaustion. The expression levels of SIRT2, myosin heavy chain, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), and Beclin-1 were measured using Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction. Inhibition of SIRT2 markedly attenuated GA muscle mass and endurance capacity. The same phenotype was observed in Sirt2-shRNA-treated myotubes, as evidenced by their decreased size. Conversely, overexpression of SIRT2 alleviated Dex-induced myoatrophy in vitro. Moreover, SIRT2 negatively regulated the expression of LC3b and Beclin-1 in skeletal muscles. These findings suggest that SIRT2 activation protects myotubes against Dex-induced atrophy through inhibition of the autophagy system; this phenomenon may serve as a target for treating glucocorticoid-induced myopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiu Han
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Cen Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Weiyi Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yanlei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiangping Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Guoqin Jin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Zhangbin Gong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Peris-Moreno D, Cussonneau L, Combaret L, Polge C, Taillandier D. Ubiquitin Ligases at the Heart of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Control. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020407. [PMID: 33466753 PMCID: PMC7829870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle loss is a detrimental side-effect of numerous chronic diseases that dramatically increases mortality and morbidity. The alteration of protein homeostasis is generally due to increased protein breakdown while, protein synthesis may also be down-regulated. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a master regulator of skeletal muscle that impacts muscle contractile properties and metabolism through multiple levers like signaling pathways, contractile apparatus degradation, etc. Among the different actors of the UPS, the E3 ubiquitin ligases specifically target key proteins for either degradation or activity modulation, thus controlling both pro-anabolic or pro-catabolic factors. The atrogenes MuRF1/TRIM63 and MAFbx/Atrogin-1 encode for key E3 ligases that target contractile proteins and key actors of protein synthesis respectively. However, several other E3 ligases are involved upstream in the atrophy program, from signal transduction control to modulation of energy balance. Controlling E3 ligases activity is thus a tempting approach for preserving muscle mass. While indirect modulation of E3 ligases may prove beneficial in some situations of muscle atrophy, some drugs directly inhibiting their activity have started to appear. This review summarizes the main signaling pathways involved in muscle atrophy and the E3 ligases implicated, but also the molecules potentially usable for future therapies.
Collapse
|
21
|
van Bakel SIJ, Gosker HR, Langen RC, Schols AMWJ. Towards Personalized Management of Sarcopenia in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:25-40. [PMID: 33442246 PMCID: PMC7800429 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s280540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The awareness of the presence and consequences of sarcopenia has significantly increased over the past decade. Sarcopenia is defined as gradual loss of muscle mass and strength and ultimately loss of physical performance associated with aging and chronic disease. The prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared to age-matched controls. Current literature suggests that next to physical inactivity, COPD-specific alterations in physiological processes contribute to accelerated development of sarcopenia. Sarcopenia in COPD can be assessed according to current guidelines, but during physical performance testing, ventilatory limitation should be considered. Treatment of muscle impairment can halt or even reverse sarcopenia, despite respiratory impairment. Exercise training and protein supplementation are currently at the basis of sarcopenia treatment. Furthermore, effective current and new interventions targeting the pulmonary system (eg, smoking cessation, bronchodilators and lung volume reduction surgery) may also facilitate muscle maintenance. Better understanding of disease-specific pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the accelerated development of sarcopenia in COPD will provide new leads to refine nutritional, exercise and physical activity interventions and develop pharmacological co-interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie I J van Bakel
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry R Gosker
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon C Langen
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemie M W J Schols
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Steiner JL, Johnson BR, Hickner RC, Ormsbee MJ, Williamson DL, Gordon BS. Adrenal stress hormone action in skeletal muscle during exercise training: An old dog with new tricks? Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13522. [PMID: 32506657 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is a key component of a healthy lifestyle as it helps maintain a healthy body weight and reduces the risk of various morbidities and co-morbidities. Exercise is an acute physiological stress that initiates a multitude of processes that attempt to restore physiological homeostasis and promote adaptation. A component of the stress response to exercise is the rapid release of hormones from the adrenal gland including glucocorticoids, the catecholamines and aldosterone. While each hormone targets several tissues throughout the body, skeletal muscle is of interest as it is central to physical function and various metabolic processes. Indeed, adrenal stress hormones have been shown to elicit specific performance benefits on the muscle. However, how the acute, short-lived release of these stress hormones during exercise influences adaptations of skeletal muscle to long-term training remains largely unknown. Thus, the objective of this review was to briefly highlight the known impact of adrenal stress hormones on skeletal muscle metabolism and function (Old Dog), and critically examine the current evidence supporting a role for these endogenous hormones in mediating long-term training adaptations in skeletal muscle (New Tricks).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Steiner
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
| | - Bonde R. Johnson
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
| | - Robert C. Hickner
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
- Department of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences University of KwaZulu‐Natal Durban South Africa
| | - Michael J. Ormsbee
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
- Department of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences University of KwaZulu‐Natal Durban South Africa
| | - David L. Williamson
- Kinesiology Program School of Behavioral Sciences and Education Pennsylvania State University at Harrisburg Middletown PA USA
| | - Bradley S. Gordon
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li Y, Shi H, Chen R, Zhou S, Lei S, She Y. Role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in dexamethasone-induced myotube atrophy in vitro. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:146. [PMID: 33456513 PMCID: PMC7791919 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a well-known adverse effect of long-term glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators in a number of physiological and pathological processes. However, the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the regulation of GC-treated muscle atrophy remains poorly understood. In the current study, muscular atrophy was induced and the results indicated that C2C12 myotubes were thinner than normal, while the expression of muscle ring finger protein 1 and Atrogin-1 was increased. The expression of nine miRNAs and seven lncRNAs associated with proliferation and differentiation were analyzed in a dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy cell model. In addition, the mRNA expression of the downstream targets of lncRNAs that were differentially expressed between DEX-treated and control cells were determined. The results indicated that the expression of miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-206 and five lncRNAs (increased Atrolnc-1, Dum, MAR1, linc-MD1 and decreased Myolinc) were significantly different between the DEX and the control group. Furthermore, the relative mRNA expression of Wnt5a and MyoD was significantly different between the two groups. The results of the current study indicated that some important miRNAs and lncRNAs are associated with DEX-induced muscle atrophy and have the potential to be further developed as a diagnostic tool for this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Huacai Shi
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Shanyao Zhou
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Si Lei
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Yanling She
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mechanical loading of tissue engineered skeletal muscle prevents dexamethasone induced myotube atrophy. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2020; 42:149-159. [PMID: 32955689 PMCID: PMC8332579 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-020-09589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy as a consequence of acute and chronic illness, immobilisation, muscular dystrophies and aging, leads to severe muscle weakness, inactivity and increased mortality. Mechanical loading is thought to be the primary driver for skeletal muscle hypertrophy, however the extent to which mechanical loading can offset muscle catabolism has not been thoroughly explored. In vitro 3D-models of skeletal muscle provide a controllable, high throughput environment and mitigating many of the ethical and methodological constraints present during in vivo experimentation. This work aimed to determine if mechanical loading would offset dexamethasone (DEX) induced skeletal muscle atrophy, in muscle engineered using the C2C12 murine cell line. Mechanical loading successfully offset myotube atrophy and functional degeneration associated with DEX regardless of whether the loading occurred before or after 24 h of DEX treatment. Furthermore, mechanical load prevented increases in MuRF-1 and MAFbx mRNA expression, critical regulators of muscle atrophy. Overall, we demonstrate the application of tissue engineered muscle to study skeletal muscle health and disease, offering great potential for future use to better understand treatment modalities for skeletal muscle atrophy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Starvaggi Cucuzza L, Pregel P, Biolatti B, Cannizzo FT. FKBP5 gene expression in skeletal muscle as a potential biomarker for illegal glucocorticoid treatment in veal calves. Res Vet Sci 2020; 133:157-162. [PMID: 32992127 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
For the current European legislation, the chemical analysis of drug residues is the exclusive accepted method to identify animals illicitly treated with growth promoters. Glucocorticoids and their metabolites are no detectable by LC/MS-MS methods in biological fluids when the growth promoter administration is discontinued several days prior to the slaughtering. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect on the expression of genes belonging to the glucocorticoid pathway in three types of skeletal muscle of calves treated with prednisolone or dexamethasone in combination with estradiol. A gene expression change of glucocorticoid receptors (NR3C1 and NR3C2), their chaperones molecules (FKBP prolyl isomerase 4 and 5, FKBP4 and 5) and pre-receptor system (hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenases 1 and 2, HSD11B1 and 2) may indicate potential biomarkers of glucocorticoid treatment. In the biceps brachii muscle, the administration of dexamethasone with estradiol increased HSD11B2 (P < 0.01) and NR3C2 (P < 0.01) gene expression, whereas prednisolone administration increased HSD11B1 transcript levels (P < 0.05). In the longissimus lumborum muscle, NR3C2 gene expression decreased following prednisolone administration (P < 0.05). FKBP5 gene expression decreased in all considered muscles of calves administered with dexamethasone and estradiol (P < 0.01), whereas increased in the longissimus lumborum (P < 0.01) and vastus lateralis (P < 0.05) muscle of prednisolone-treated group (P < 0.05). The opposite effect of dexamethasone and prednisolone appears very promising to develop a low-cost screening test, because the expression analysis of a unique gene in a given tissue may distinguish the dispensed molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Starvaggi Cucuzza
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - Paola Pregel
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Biolatti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|