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Wu B, Zhang T, Chen H, Shi X, Guan C, Hu J, Lu H. Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell preconditioned by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation promote bone-tendon interface fibrocartilage regeneration and ameliorate rotator cuff fatty infiltration. J Orthop Translat 2024; 48:89-106. [PMID: 39189009 PMCID: PMC11345897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fibrovascular scar healing of bone-tendon interface (BTI) instead of functional fibrocartilage regeneration is the main concern associated with unsatisfactory prognosis in rotator cuff repair. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exosomes have been reported to be a new promising cell-free approach for rotator cuff healing. Whereas, controversies abound in whether exosomes of native MSCs alone can effectively induce chondrogenesis. Purpose To explore the effect of exosomes derived from low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS)-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (LIPUS-BMSC-Exos) or un-preconditioned BMSCs (BMSC-Exos) on rotator cuff healing and the underlying mechanism. Methods C57BL/6 mice underwent unilateral supraspinatus tendon detachment and repair were randomly assigned to saline, BMSCs-Exos or LIPUS-BMSC-Exos injection therapy. Histological, immunofluorescent and biomechanical tests were detected to investigate the effect of exosomes injection on BTI healing and muscle fatty infiltration of the repaired rotator cuff. In vitro, native BMSCs were incubated with BMSC-Exos or LIPUS-BMSC-Exos and then chondrogenic/adipogenic differentiation were observed. Further, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the chondrogenesis/adipogenesis-related miRNA profiles of LIPUS-BMSC-Exos and BMSC-Exos. The chondrogenic/adipogenic potential of the key miRNA was verified through function recover test with its mimic and inhibitor. Results The results indicated that the biomechanical properties of the supraspinatus tendon-humeral junction were significantly improved in the LIPUS-BMSC-Exos group than that of the BMSCs-Exos group. The LIPUS-BMSC-Exos group also exhibited a higher histological score and more newly regenerated fibrocartilage at the repair site at postoperative 2 and 4 weeks and less fatty infiltration at 4 weeks than the BMSCs-Exos group. In vitro, co-culture of BMSCs with LIPUS-BMSC-Exos could significantly promote BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation. Subsequently, qRT-PCR revealed significantly higher enrichment of chondrogenic miRNAs and less enrichment of adipogenic miRNAs in LIPUS-BMSC-Exos compared with BMSC-Exos. Moreover, we demonstrated that this chondrogenesis-inducing potential was primarily attributed to miR-140, one of the most abundant miRNAs in LIPUS-BMSC-Exos. Conclusion LIPUS-preconditioned BMSC-Exos can effectively promote BTI fibrocartilage regeneration and ameliorate supraspinatus fatty infiltration by positive regulation of pro-chondrogenesis and anti-adipogenesis, which was primarily through delivering miR-140. The translational potential of this article These findings propose an innovative "LIPUS combined Exosomes strategy" for rotator cuff healing which combines both physiotherapeutic and biotherapeutic advantages. This strategy possesses a good translational potential as a local injection of LIPUS preconditioned BMSC-derived Exos during operation can be not only efficient for promoting fibrocartilage regeneration and ameliorating rotator cuff fatty infiltration, but also time-saving, simple and convenient for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Huabin Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Changbiao Guan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Mobile Health Ministry of Education - China Mobile Joint Laboratory, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
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Kondratov KA, Artamonov AA, Nikitin YV, Velmiskina AA, Mikhailovskii VY, Mosenko SV, Polkovnikova IA, Asinovskaya AY, Apalko SV, Sushentseva NN, Ivanov AM, Scherbak SG. Revealing differential expression patterns of piRNA in FACS blood cells of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:212. [PMID: 39143590 PMCID: PMC11325581 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01982-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNA expression has shown to have cell type-specificity. The regulatory characteristics of these molecules are impacted by changes in their expression levels. We performed next-generation sequencing and examined small RNA-seq data obtained from 6 different types of blood cells separated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting of severe COVID-19 patients and healthy control donors. In addition to examining the behavior of piRNA in the blood cells of severe SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, our aim was to present a distinct piRNA differential expression portrait for each separate cell type. We observed that depending on the type of cell, different sorted control cells (erythrocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils) have altering piRNA expression patterns. After analyzing the expression of piRNAs in each set of sorted cells from patients with severe COVID-19, we observed 3 significantly elevated piRNAs - piR-33,123, piR-34,765, piR-43,768 and 9 downregulated piRNAs in erythrocytes. In lymphocytes, all 19 piRNAs were upregulated. Monocytes were presented with a larger amount of statistically significant piRNA, 5 upregulated (piR-49039 piR-31623, piR-37213, piR-44721, piR-44720) and 35 downregulated. It has been previously shown that piR-31,623 has been associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection, and taking in account the major role of piRNA in transposon silencing, we presume that the differential expression patterns which we observed could be a signal of indirect antiviral activity or a specific antiviral cell state. Additionally, in lymphocytes, all 19 piRNAs were upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A Kondratov
- City Hospital, No. 40 St, Petersburg, 197706, Russia.
- S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, 194044, Russia.
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | | | - Yuri V Nikitin
- S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, 194044, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A Velmiskina
- City Hospital, No. 40 St, Petersburg, 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | | | - Sergey V Mosenko
- City Hospital, No. 40 St, Petersburg, 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Irina A Polkovnikova
- City Hospital, No. 40 St, Petersburg, 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anna Yu Asinovskaya
- City Hospital, No. 40 St, Petersburg, 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Apalko
- City Hospital, No. 40 St, Petersburg, 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | | | - Andrey M Ivanov
- S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, 194044, Russia
| | - Sergey G Scherbak
- City Hospital, No. 40 St, Petersburg, 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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3
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Deng J, Zeng X, Zhang K, Zhang T, Dong Y, Zou J, Wu C, Li Y, Li F, Guan Z. Knockdown of SMYD3 by RNA Interference Regulates the Expression of Autophagy-Related Proteins and Inhibits Bone Formation in Fluoride-Exposed Osteoblasts. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04327-w. [PMID: 39106008 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the role of histone methyltransferase SET and MYND domain containing 3 (SMYD3) in bone metabolism of osteoblasts exposed to fluoride. The levels of urine fluoride, BALP, and OC and the mRNA expression of SMYD3 were determined in patients with skeletal fluorosis and non-fluoride-exposed people on informed consent. The expression of SMYD3 protein, OC contents, and BALP activities were detected in human osteoblast-like MG63 cells and rat primary osteoblasts treated with sodium fluoride (NaF) for 48 h. The autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Then, we knocked down SMYD3 to confirm whether it was involved in the regulation of bone formation and related to autophagy and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. We observed that OC and BALP levels in patients with skeletal fluorosis significantly increased, while the mRNA expression of SMYD3 significantly decreased in the skeletal fluorosis groups. In vitro, the OC contents, BALP activities, and expression of SMYD3 significantly increased, and many autophagosomes were observed in NaF treated osteoblasts. The downregulation of SMYD3 significantly inhibited OC contents, BALP activities, and expression of autophagy-related proteins, but with no significant changes in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Our results demonstrated that fluoride exposure with coal-burning pollution caused orthopedic injuries and abnormalities in the levels of OC and BALP and hindered normal bone metabolism. Silencing the SMYD3 gene could significantly reduce OC and BALP levels via inhibiting the increase in autophagy induced by fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Kailin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yangting Dong
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Changxue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Fucheng Li
- Research Group of Liupanshui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liupanshui, 553001, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhizhong Guan
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
- Departments of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
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Yan X, Zhang Q, Zhang M, He Z, Liu R, Liu J, Ren D, Zeng X, Lv T, Yuan X. MiR-143-3p regulates chondrogenic differentiation of synovium derived mesenchymal stem cells under mechanical stress through the BMPR2-Smad signalling pathway by targeting BMPR2. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:1507-1520. [PMID: 38717032 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the synovium, known as synovium mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs), exhibit significant potential for articular cartilage regeneration owing to their capacity for chondrogenic differentiation. However, the microRNAs (miRNAs) governing this process and the associated mechanisms remain unclear. While mechanical stress positively influences chondrogenesis in MSCs, the miRNA-mediated response of SMSCs to mechanical stimuli is not well understood. OBJECTIVE This study explores the miRNA-driven mechano-transduction in SMSCs chondrogenesis under mechanical stress. METHODS The surface phenotype of SMSCs was analysed by flow cytometry. Chondrogenesis capacities of SMSCs were examined by Alcian blue staining. High throughput sequencing was used to screen mechano-sensitive miRNAs of SMSCs. The RNA expression level of COL2A1, ACAN, SOX9, BMPR2 and miR-143-3p of SMSCs were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The interaction between miR-143-3p and TLR4 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assays. The protein expression levels of related genes were assessed by western blot. RESULTS High-throughput sequencing revealed a notable reduction in miR-143-3p levels in mechanically stressed SMSCs. Gain- or loss-of-function strategies introduced by lentivirus demonstrated that miR-143-3p overexpression hindered chondrogenic differentiation, whereas its knockdown promoted this process. Bioinformatics scrutiny and luciferase reporter assays pinpointed a potential binding site for miR-143-3p within the 3'-UTR of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2). MiR-143-3p overexpression decreased BMPR2 expression and phosphorylated Smad1, 5 and 8 levels, while its inhibition activated BMPR2-Smad pathway. CONCLUSION This study elucidated that miR-143-3p negatively regulates SMSCs chondrogenic differentiation through the BMPR2-Smad pathway under mechanical tensile stress. The direct targeting of BMPR2 by miR-143-3p established a novel dimension to our understanding of mechano-transduction mechanism during SMSC chondrogenesis. This understanding is crucial for advancing strategies in articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Zijing He
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dapeng Ren
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuemin Zeng
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Lv
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Shakeri M, Aminian A, Mokhtari K, Bahaeddini M, Tabrizian P, Farahani N, Nabavi N, Hashemi M. Unraveling the molecular landscape of osteoarthritis: A comprehensive review focused on the role of non-coding RNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155446. [PMID: 39004001 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) poses a significant global health challenge, with its prevalence anticipated to increase in the coming years. This review delves into the emerging molecular biomarkers in OA pathology, focusing on the roles of various molecules such as metabolites, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Advances in omics technologies have transformed biomarker identification, enabling comprehensive analyses of the complex pathways involved in OA pathogenesis. Notably, ncRNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs, exhibit dysregulated expression patterns in OA, presenting promising opportunities for diagnosis and therapy. Additionally, the intricate interplay between epigenetic modifications and OA progression highlights the regulatory role of epigenetics in gene expression dynamics. Genome-wide association studies have pinpointed key genes undergoing epigenetic changes, providing insights into the inflammatory processes and chondrocyte hypertrophy typical of OA. Understanding the molecular landscape of OA, including biomarkers and epigenetic mechanisms, holds significant potential for developing innovative diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for OA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Shakeri
- MD, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Aminian
- MD, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Bahaeddini
- MD, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pouria Tabrizian
- MD, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Najma Farahani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Independent Researcher, Victoria, British Columbia V8V 1P7, Canada
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Valenti MT, Zerlotin R, Cominacini M, Bolognin S, Grano M, Dalle Carbonare L. Exploring the Role of Circular RNA in Bone Biology: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2024; 13:999. [PMID: 38920630 PMCID: PMC11201515 DOI: 10.3390/cells13120999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression with diverse roles in various biological processes. In recent years, research into circRNAs' involvement in bone biology has gained significant attention, unveiling their potential as novel regulators and biomarkers in bone-related disorders and diseases. CircRNAs, characterized by their closed-loop structure, exhibit stability and resistance to degradation, underscoring their functional significance. In bone tissue, circRNAs are involved in critical processes such as osteogenic differentiation, osteoclastogenesis, and bone remodeling through intricate molecular mechanisms including microRNA regulation. Dysregulated circRNAs are associated with various bone disorders, suggesting their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The therapeutic targeting of these circRNAs holds promise for addressing bone-related conditions, offering new perspectives for precision medicine. Thus, circRNAs constitute integral components of bone regulatory networks, impacting both physiological bone homeostasis and pathological conditions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of circRNAs in bone biology, emphasizing their regulatory mechanisms, functional implications, and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Valenti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy
| | - Roberta Zerlotin
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (M.G.)
| | - Mattia Cominacini
- Department of Engineering for the Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (M.C.); (L.D.C.)
| | - Silvia Bolognin
- MERLN Institute, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (M.G.)
| | - Luca Dalle Carbonare
- Department of Engineering for the Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (M.C.); (L.D.C.)
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Zhong Y, Zhou X, Pan Z, Zhang J, Pan J. Role of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in age-related bone homeostasis imbalance. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23642. [PMID: 38690719 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302665r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Alterations to the human organism that are brought about by aging are comprehensive and detrimental. Of these, an imbalance in bone homeostasis is a major outward manifestation of aging. In older adults, the decreased osteogenic activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the inhibition of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation lead to decreased bone mass, increased risk of fracture, and impaired bone injury healing. In the past decades, numerous studies have reported the epigenetic alterations that occur during aging, such as decreased core histones, altered DNA methylation patterns, and abnormalities in noncoding RNAs, which ultimately lead to genomic abnormalities and affect the expression of downstream signaling osteoporosis treatment and promoter of fracture healing in older adults. The current review summarizes the impact of epigenetic regulation mechanisms on age-related bone homeostasis imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueer Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zijian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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8
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Liang Z, Luo B, Peng B, Li Y, Hu X, Zhong W, Li X, Wang P, Zhu X, Zhang R, Yang L. Bone-Differentiation-Associated Circ-Spen Regulates Death of Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Promoting Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3034. [PMID: 38474279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) in bone health is closely associated with its function in vivo, and ERβ-/- mice have been widely utilized to explore the related influences. In this study, ERβ-/- female mice were established to investigate the differential expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) by RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq). Among these circRNAs, mmu_circ_0011379 (named Circ-Spen) exhibited high expression in ERβ-/- female mice. However, the precise mechanism by which Circ-Spen regulates bone health remained unclear. This study identified Circ-Spen as a positive regulator of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (mBMSC) viability. The expression of Circ-Spen was markedly increased in ERβ-/- mice femurs tested by RT-qPCR. Moreover, Circ-Spen exhibited an enhanced expression during the bone formation process of mBMSCs. Qualitative experiments also demonstrated that Circ-Spen possessed a circular structure and was localized within the nucleus of mBMSCs. Functionally, it inhibited apoptosis via caspase-3, BCL-2, and BAX, while also promoting autophagy through BECN1 and P62 in mBMSCs tested by MTT assays, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Western blotting. These findings reveal the potential of targeting Circ-Spen as a promising therapeutic strategy for rejuvenating senescent mBMSCs and enhancing the efficiency of mBMSC transplantation, which lays the foundation for advancements in the field of bone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bingjie Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bojia Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yunchuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xueling Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510632, China
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9
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Hussain MS, Shaikh NK, Agrawal M, Tufail M, Bisht AS, Khurana N, Kumar R. Osteomyelitis and non-coding RNAS: A new dimension in disease understanding. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155186. [PMID: 38350169 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis, a debilitating bone infection, presents considerable clinical challenges due to its intricate etiology and limited treatment options. Despite strides in surgical and chemotherapeutic interventions, the treatment landscape for osteomyelitis remains unsatisfactory. Recent attention has focused on the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the pathogenesis and progression of osteomyelitis. This review consolidates current knowledge on the involvement of distinct classes of ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs, in the context of osteomyelitis. Emerging evidence from various studies underscores the potential of ncRNAs in orchestrating gene expression and influencing the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, pivotal processes in bone formation. The review initiates by elucidating the regulatory functions of ncRNAs in fundamental cellular processes such as inflammation, immune response, and bone remodeling, pivotal in osteomyelitis pathology. It delves into the intricate network of interactions between ncRNAs and their target genes, illuminating how dysregulation contributes to the establishment and persistence of osteomyelitic infections. Understanding their regulatory roles may pave the way for targeted diagnostic tools and innovative therapeutic interventions, promising a paradigm shift in the clinical approach to this challenging condition. Additionally, we delve into the promising therapeutic applications of these molecules, envisioning novel diagnostic and treatment approaches to enhance the management of this challenging bone infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Nusrat K Shaikh
- Department of Quality Assurance, Smt. N. M. Padalia Pharmacy College, Ahmedabad, 382210 Gujarat, India
| | - Mohit Agrawal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram 122103, India
| | - Muhammad Tufail
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Ajay Singh Bisht
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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10
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Xing X, She Y, Yuan G, Yang G. piR-368 promotes odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells via the Smad1/5 signaling pathway by targeting Smurf1. Connect Tissue Res 2024; 65:53-62. [PMID: 37978579 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2023.2281319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The important role of non-coding RNAs in odontoblastic differentiation of dental tissue-derived stem cells has been widely demonstrated; however, whether piRNA (a subclass of non-coding RNA) involved in the course of odontoblastic differentiation is not yet available. This study aimed to investigate the expression profile of piRNA during odontogenic differentiation of mDPCs and the potential molecular mechanism in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The primary mouse dental papilla cells (mDPCs) were isolated from the first molars of 1-day postnatal Kunming mice. Then, they were cultured in odontogenic medium for 9 days. The expression profile of piRNA was detected by Small RNA sequencing. RT-qPCR was used to verify the elevation of piR-368. The mRNA and protein levels of mineralization markers were examined by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red S staining were conducted to assess the odontoblastic differentiation ability. RESULTS We validated piR-368 was significantly upregulated and interference with piR-368 markedly inhibited the odontogenic differentiation of mDPCs. In addition, the relationship between Smad1/5 signaling pathway and piR-368-induced odontoblastic differentiation has been discovered. Finally, we demonstrated Smurf1 as a target gene of piR-368 using dual-luciferase assays. CONCLUSION This study was the first to illustrate the participation of piRNA in odontoblastic differentiation. We proved that piR-368 promoted odontoblastic differentiation of mouse dental papilla cells via the Smad1/5 signaling pathway by targeting Smurf1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Xing
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yawei She
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guobin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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11
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Wen X, Fang G, Li H, Jiang Z, Du X, Liao Z, Liu R, Huang G, Meng F, Liao W, Zhang Z. CircIRAK3 exerts negative feedback regulation on inflammation by binding to HNRNP U and destabilizing proinflammatory cytokine mRNA in osteoarthritis and chondrogenesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128453. [PMID: 38016613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent age-related and degenerative joint disease with limited treatment options. Previous studies have identified the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy. Nevertheless, chronic inflammation impedes MSCs therapeutic effect. There have been reports suggesting that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in OA and chondrogenesis. The combination of MSCs and circRNAs in therapies appears to be a promising option. In this study, we identified circIRAK3 as a significant regulator in cartilage degeneration and chondrogenesis through high-throughput sequencing analyses. We observed increased circIRAK3 in OA cartilage and during MSCs chondrogenesis. Knockdown of circIRAK3 resulted in excessive apoptosis, inhibited proliferation, and degradation of chondrocytes, along with the inhibition of MSCs chondrogenesis. Mechanistically, circIRAK3 bound to HNRNP U and competitively prevented its binding to IL-1β, TNFα, and IL6 mRNA, thereby promoting mRNA degradation. Notably, circIRAK3 expression in plasma increased with higher OARSI scores. Intra-articular injection of adeno-associated virus-circIRAK3 delayed cartilage degeneration and reduced inflammation in DMM mouse model. Our study highlights a compensatory regulation network of circIRAK3 in chondrocytes in response to inflammation. CircIRAK3 has the potential to serve as a new therapeutic target for OA. Furthermore, therapies targeting circIRAK3 combined with MSCs hold promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhao Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 171 64, Sweden
| | - Guibin Fang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qingyuan People's Hospital/the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Zongrui Jiang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xue Du
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhuangyao Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Ruonan Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Guiwu Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Weiming Liao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
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12
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Malekpour M, Shekouh D, Safavinia ME, Shiralipour S, Jalouli M, Mortezanejad S, Azarpira N, Ebrahimi ND. Role of FKBP5 and its genetic mutations in stress-induced psychiatric disorders: an opportunity for drug discovery. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1182345. [PMID: 37398599 PMCID: PMC10313426 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1182345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced mental health disorders are affecting many people around the world. However, effective drug therapy for curing psychiatric diseases does not occur sufficiently. Many neurotransmitters, hormones, and mechanisms are essential in regulating the body's stress response. One of the most critical components of the stress response system is the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The FKBP prolyl isomerase 51 (FKBP51) protein is one of the main negative regulators of the HPA axis. FKBP51 negatively regulates the cortisol effects (the end product of the HPA axis) by inhibiting the interaction between glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and cortisol, causing reduced transcription of downstream cortisol molecules. By regulating cortisol effects, the FKBP51 protein can indirectly regulate the sensitivity of the HPA axis to stressors. Previous studies have indicated the influence of FKBP5 gene mutations and epigenetic changes in different psychiatric diseases and drug responses and recommended the FKBP51 protein as a drug target and a biomarker for psychological disorders. In this review, we attempted to discuss the effects of the FKBP5 gene, its mutations on different psychiatric diseases, and drugs affecting the FKBP5 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Malekpour
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Dorsa Shekouh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Shadi Shiralipour
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Jalouli
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sahar Mortezanejad
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ren R, Tan H, Huang Z, Wang Y, Yang B. Differential expression and correlation of immunoregulation related piRNA in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1175924. [PMID: 37325646 PMCID: PMC10266269 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have recently been associated with germline development and many human diseases, their expression pattern and relationship in autoimmune diseases remain indistinct. This study aimed to investigate the presence and correlation of piRNAs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods We first analyzed the expression profile of piRNAs using small RNA sequencing in peripheral leukocytes of three new-onset untreated RA patients and three healthy controls (HCs). We then selected piRNAs related to immunoregulation by bioinformatics analysis and verified them in 42 new-onset RA patients and 81 HCs by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic curve was generated to quantify the diagnostic performance of these piRNAs. A correlation analysis was conducted to observe the link between piRNA expression and RA clinical characteristics. Results A total of 15 upregulated and 9 downregulated piRNAs among 1,565 known piRNAs were identified in peripheral leukocytes of RA patients. Dysregulated piRNAs were enriched in numerous pathways related to immunity. After selection and validation, two immunoregulation piRNAs (piR-hsa-27620 and piR-hsa-27124) were significantly elevated in RA patients and have good abilities to distinguish patients from controls, which have the potential to serve as biomarkers. PIWI and other proteins implicated in the piRNA pathway were also associated with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiling Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuochun Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyi Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Mishra A, Kumar R, Mishra SN, Vijayaraghavalu S, Tiwari NK, Shukla GC, Gurusamy N, Kumar M. Differential Expression of Non-Coding RNAs in Stem Cell Development and Therapeutics of Bone Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081159. [PMID: 37190068 PMCID: PMC10137108 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells' self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation are regulated by a complex network consisting of signaling factors, chromatin regulators, transcription factors, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Diverse role of ncRNAs in stem cell development and maintenance of bone homeostasis have been discovered recently. The ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs, micro RNAs, circular RNAs, small interfering RNA, Piwi-interacting RNAs, etc., are not translated into proteins but act as essential epigenetic regulators in stem cells' self-renewal and differentiation. Different signaling pathways are monitored efficiently by the differential expression of ncRNAs, which function as regulatory elements in determining the fate of stem cells. In addition, several species of ncRNAs could serve as potential molecular biomarkers in early diagnosis of bone diseases, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and bone cancers, ultimately leading to the development of new therapeutic strategies. This review aims to explore the specific roles of ncRNAs and their effective molecular mechanisms in the growth and development of stem cells, and in the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activities. Furthermore, we focus on and explore the association of altered ncRNA expression with stem cells and bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Rishabh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Satya Narayan Mishra
- Maa Gayatri College of Pharmacy, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University, Prayagraj 211009, India
| | | | - Neeraj Kumar Tiwari
- Department of IT-Satellite Centre, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Girish C Shukla
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
| | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Munish Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
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15
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The role of PIWI-interacting RNA in naringin pro-angiogenesis by targeting HUVECs. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 371:110344. [PMID: 36623717 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a biological process in which resting endothelial cells start proliferating, migrating and forming new blood vessels. Angiogenesis is particularly important in the repair of bone tissue defects. Naringin (NG) is the main active monomeric component of traditional Chinese medicine, which has various biological activities, such as anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammatory, blood activation and microcirculation improvement. At present, the mechanism of naringin in the process of angiogenesis is not clear. PIWI protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) is a small noncoding RNA (sncRNA) that has the functions of regulating protein synthesis, regulating the structure of chromatin and the genome, stabilizing mRNA and others. Several studies have demonstrated that piRNAs can mediate the angiogenesis process. Whether naringin can interfere with the process of angiogenesis by regulating piRNAs and related target genes deserves further exploration. Thus, the purpose of this study was to validate the potential angiogenic and bone regeneration properties and related mechanisms of naringin both in vivo and in vitro.
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16
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Zhao Q, Qian L, Guo Y, Lü J, Li D, Xie H, Wang Q, Ma W, Liu P, Liu Y, Wang T, Wu X, Han J, Yu Z. IL11 signaling mediates piR-2158 suppression of cell stemness and angiogenesis in breast cancer. Theranostics 2023; 13:2337-2349. [PMID: 37153732 PMCID: PMC10157741 DOI: 10.7150/thno.82538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has indicated the aberrant expression of PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in human cancer cells to regulate tumor development and progression by governing cancer cell stemness. Herein, we identified downregulation of piR-2158 in human breast cancer tumors, especially in ALDH+ breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) from patients and cell lines, which was further validated in two types of genetically engineered mouse models of breast cancer (MMTV-Wnt and MMTV-PyMT). Enforced overexpression of piR-2158 in basal-like or luminal subtypes of breast cancer cells suppressed cell proliferation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness in vitro. Administration of a dual mammary tumor-targeting piRNA delivery system in mice reduced tumor growth in vivo. RNA-seq, ChIP-seq and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated piR-2158 as a transcriptional repressor of IL11 by competing with AP-1 transcription factor subunit FOSL1 to bind the promoter of IL11. STAT3 signaling mediated piR-2158-IL11 regulation of cancer cell stemness and tumor growth. Moreover, by co-culturing of MDA-MB-231 and HUVECs in vitro and CD31 staining of tumor endothelial cells in vivo, we demonstrated inhibition of angiogenesis by piR-2158-IL11 in breast cancer. In conclusion, the current study not only reveals a novel mechanism through which piR-2158 inhibits mammary gland tumorigenesis via regulating cancer stem cells and tumor angiogenesis, but also provides a novel therapeutic strategy in treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuefan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhui Lü
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danni Li
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Heying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuebiao Wu
- Shanghai OE Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi Han
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Zuoren Yu, Ph.D., Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China; . Or Junyi Han, M.D;
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Zuoren Yu, Ph.D., Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China; . Or Junyi Han, M.D;
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Li S, Si H, Xu J, Liu Y, Shen B. The therapeutic effect and mechanism of melatonin on osteoarthritis: From the perspective of non-coding RNAs. Front Genet 2022; 13:968919. [PMID: 36267400 PMCID: PMC9576930 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.968919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slowly progressing and irreversible joint disease. The existing non-surgical treatment can only delay its progress, making the early treatment of OA a research hotspot in recent years. Melatonin, a neurohormone mainly secreted by the pineal gland, has a variety of regulatory functions in different organs, and numerous studies have confirmed its therapeutic effect on OA. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute the majority of the human transcribed genome. Various ncRNAs show significant differentially expressed between healthy people and OA patients. ncRNAs play diverse roles in many cellular processes and have been implicated in many pathological conditions, especially OA. Interestingly, the latest research found a close interaction between ncRNAs and melatonin in regulating the pathogenesis of OA. This review discusses the current understanding of the melatonin-mediated modulation of ncRNAs in the early stage of OA. We also delineate the potential link between rhythm genes and ncRNAs in chondrocytes. This review will serve as a solid foundation to formulate ideas for future mechanistic studies on the therapeutic potential of melatonin and ncRNAs in OA and better explore the emerging functions of the ncRNAs.
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Luo M, Lee LKC, Peng B, Choi CHJ, Tong WY, Voelcker NH. Delivering the Promise of Gene Therapy with Nanomedicines in Treating Central Nervous System Diseases. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201740. [PMID: 35851766 PMCID: PMC9475540 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases, such as Alzheimer's diseases (AD), Parkinson's Diseases (PD), brain tumors, Huntington's disease (HD), and stroke, still remain difficult to treat by the conventional molecular drugs. In recent years, various gene therapies have come into the spotlight as versatile therapeutics providing the potential to prevent and treat these diseases. Despite the significant progress that has undoubtedly been achieved in terms of the design and modification of genetic modulators with desired potency and minimized unwanted immune responses, the efficient and safe in vivo delivery of gene therapies still poses major translational challenges. Various non-viral nanomedicines have been recently explored to circumvent this limitation. In this review, an overview of gene therapies for CNS diseases is provided and describes recent advances in the development of nanomedicines, including their unique characteristics, chemical modifications, bioconjugations, and the specific applications that those nanomedicines are harnessed to deliver gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Luo
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics ScienceMonash UniversityParkville Campus, 381 Royal ParadeParkvilleVIC3052Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnologythe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD4072Australia
| | - Leo Kit Cheung Lee
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong
| | - Bo Peng
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics ScienceMonash UniversityParkville Campus, 381 Royal ParadeParkvilleVIC3052Australia
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible ElectronicsXi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical materials & EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China
| | - Chung Hang Jonathan Choi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong
| | - Wing Yin Tong
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics ScienceMonash UniversityParkville Campus, 381 Royal ParadeParkvilleVIC3052Australia
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics ScienceMonash UniversityParkville Campus, 381 Royal ParadeParkvilleVIC3052Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)ClaytonVIC3168Australia
- Melbourne Centre for NanofabricationVictorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility151 Wellington RoadClaytonVIC3168Australia
- Materials Science and EngineeringMonash University14 Alliance LaneClaytonVIC3800Australia
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19
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Guan S, Zhang Z, Wu J. Non-coding RNA delivery for bone tissue engineering: progress, challenges and potential solutions. iScience 2022; 25:104807. [PMID: 35992068 PMCID: PMC9385673 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 20 million individuals worldwide suffer from congenital or acquired bone defects annually. The development of bone scaffold materials that simulate natural bone for bone defect repair remains challenging. Recently, ncRNA-based therapies for bone defects have attracted increasing interest because of the great potential of ncRNAs in disease treatment. Various types of ncRNAs regulate gene expression in osteogenesis-related cells via multiple mechanisms. The delivery of ncRNAs to the site of bone loss through gene vectors or scaffolds is a potential therapeutic option for bone defect repair. Therefore, this study discusses and summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs, siRNAs, and piRNAs in osteogenic signaling and reviews the widely used current RNA delivery vectors and scaffolds for bone defect repair. Additionally, current challenges and potential solutions of delivery scaffolds for bone defect repair are proposed, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for their future clinical applications.
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20
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Chen X, Xie W, Zhang M, Shi Y, Xu S, Cheng H, Wu L, Pathak JL, Zheng Z. The Emerging Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:903278. [PMID: 35652090 PMCID: PMC9150698 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.903278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are more easily available and frequently used for bone regeneration in clinics. Osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs involves complex regulatory networks affecting bone formation phenomena. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) refer to RNAs that do not encode proteins, mainly including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, piwi-interacting RNAs, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs, etc. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies had revealed the regulatory role of ncRNAs in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. NcRNAs had both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. During the physiological condition, osteo-stimulatory ncRNAs are upregulated and osteo-inhibitory ncRNAs are downregulated. The opposite effects might occur during bone degenerative disease conditions. Intracellular ncRNAs and ncRNAs from neighboring cells delivered via exosomes participate in the regulatory process of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the regulatory role of ncRNAs on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs during physiological and pathological conditions. We also discuss the prospects of the application of modulation of ncRNAs function in BMSCs to promote bone tissue regeneration in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Chen
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Shi
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaofen Xu
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Cheng
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Basic Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Janak L Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Basic Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Zheng
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Basic Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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21
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Yang X, Tian S, Fan L, Niu R, Yan M, Chen S, Zheng M, Zhang S. Integrated regulation of chondrogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells and differentiation of cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:169. [PMID: 35488254 PMCID: PMC9052535 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02598-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrogenesis is the formation of chondrocytes and cartilage tissues and starts with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment and migration, condensation of progenitors, chondrocyte differentiation, and maturation. The chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs depends on co-regulation of many exogenous and endogenous factors including specific microenvironmental signals, non-coding RNAs, physical factors existed in culture condition, etc. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) exhibit self-renewal capacity, pluripotency and cellular plasticity, which have the potential to differentiate into post-mitotic and benign cells. Accumulating evidence has shown that CSCs can be induced to differentiate into various benign cells including adipocytes, fibrocytes, osteoblast, and so on. Retinoic acid has been widely used in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Previous study confirmed that polyploid giant cancer cells, a type of cancer stem-like cells, could differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. In this review, we will summarize signaling pathways and cytokines in chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. Understanding the molecular mechanism of chondrogenic differentiation of CSCs and cancer cells may provide new strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shifeng Tian
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Niu
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Yan
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Minying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
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22
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ABSTRACTS (BY NUMBER). Tissue Eng Part A 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2022.29025.abstracts] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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23
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Huang HB, Luo HT, Wei NN, Liu ML, He F, Yang W, Dong J, Yang XF, Li FR. Integrative analysis reveals a lineage-specific circular RNA landscape for adipo-osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:106. [PMID: 35279206 PMCID: PMC8917624 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is critical to skeletal development and diseases. As a research hotspot, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have expanded our understanding of a hidden layer of the transcriptome. Yet, their roles during adipo-osteogenesis remain poorly described. Methods The identity of human MSCs derived from bone marrow and adipose were first determined by flow cytometry, cellular staining, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Multi-strategic RNA-sequencing was performed using Poly A, RiboMinus and RiboMinus/RNase R methods. Integrative analysis was performed to identify lineage-specific expressed circRNAs. The structural and expressional characteristics were identified by Sanger sequencing and qPCR, respectively. The regulatory effects of adipogenesis-specific circ-CRLF1 were confirmed using siRNA transcfection and qPCR. Results We generated a whole transcriptome map during adipo-osteogenesis based on 10 Poly A, 20 RiboMinus and 20 RiboMinus/ RNase R datasets. A total of 31,326 circRNAs were identified and quantified from ~ 3.4 billion paired-end reads. Furthermore, the integrative analysis revealed that 1166 circRNA genes exhibited strong lineage-specific expression patterns. Their host genes were enriched in distinct biological functions, such as cell adhesion, cytokine signaling, and cell division. We randomly selected and validated the back-spliced junction sites and expression patterns of 12 lineage-specific circRNAs. Functional analysis indicated that circ-CRLF1 negatively regulated adipogenesis. Conclusions Our integrative analysis reveals an accurate and generally applicable lineage-specific circRNA landscape for adipo-osteogenesis of MSCs and provides a potential therapeutic target, circ-CRLF1, for the treatment of skeleton-related disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02792-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Huang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdong, 518020, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.,Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518124, China
| | - Hai-Tao Luo
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdong, 518020, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Na-Na Wei
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdong, 518020, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.,Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Miao-Ling Liu
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdong, 518020, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei He
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdong, 518020, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdong, 518020, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiao-Fei Yang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdong, 518020, China. .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), ShenzhenGuangdong, 518020, China. .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China. .,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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24
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CircRNA hsa_circ_0001421 promotes the osteoblast differentiation of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells through the miR-608/SP7 axis. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Oton-Gonzalez L, Mazziotta C, Iaquinta MR, Mazzoni E, Nocini R, Trevisiol L, D’Agostino A, Tognon M, Rotondo JC, Martini F. Genetics and Epigenetics of Bone Remodeling and Metabolic Bone Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031500. [PMID: 35163424 PMCID: PMC8836080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism consists of a balance between bone formation and bone resorption, which is mediated by osteoblast and osteoclast activity, respectively. In order to ensure bone plasticity, the bone remodeling process needs to function properly. Mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into the osteoblast lineage by activating different signaling pathways, including transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and the Wingless/Int-1 (Wnt)/β-catenin pathways. Recent data indicate that bone remodeling processes are also epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and non-coding RNA expressions, such as micro-RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. Mutations and dysfunctions in pathways regulating the osteoblast differentiation might influence the bone remodeling process, ultimately leading to a large variety of metabolic bone diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize and describe the genetics and epigenetics of the bone remodeling process. Moreover, the current findings behind the genetics of metabolic bone diseases are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Oton-Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Nocini
- Unit of Otolaryngology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Trevisiol
- Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Antonio D’Agostino
- Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
| | - John Charles Rotondo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.C.R.); (F.M.); Tel.: +39-0532-455536 (J.C.R.); +39-0532-455540 (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 64/b, Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.O.-G.); (C.M.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.)
- Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.C.R.); (F.M.); Tel.: +39-0532-455536 (J.C.R.); +39-0532-455540 (F.M.)
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26
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Groven RVM, van Koll J, Poeze M, Blokhuis TJ, van Griensven M. miRNAs Related to Different Processes of Fracture Healing: An Integrative Overview. Front Surg 2021; 8:786564. [PMID: 34869574 PMCID: PMC8639603 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.786564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fracture healing is a complex, dynamic process that is directed by cellular communication and requires multiple cell types, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and immune cells. Physiological fracture healing can be divided into several phases that consist of different processes, such as angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and bone resorption/remodelling. This is needed to guarantee proper bone regeneration after fracture. Communication and molecular regulation between different cell types and within cells is therefore key in successfully orchestrating these processes to ensure adequate bone healing. Among others, microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in cellular communication. microRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules of ~22 nucleotides long that can greatly influence gene expression by post-transcriptional regulation. Over the course of the past decade, more insights have been gained in the field of miRNAs and their role in cellular signalling in both inter- and intracellular pathways. The interplay between miRNAs and their mRNA targets, and the effect thereof on different processes and aspects within fracture healing, have shown to be interesting research topics with possible future diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Considering bone regeneration, research moreover focusses on specific microRNAs and their involvement in individual pathways. However, it is required to combine these data to gain more understanding on the effects of miRNAs in the dynamic process of fracture healing, and to enhance their translational application in research, as well as in the clinic. Therefore, this review aims to provide an integrative overview on miRNAs in fracture healing, related to several key aspects in the fracture healing cascade. A special focus will be put on hypoxia, angiogenesis, bone resorption, osteoclastogenesis, mineralization, osteogenesis, osteoblastogenesis, osteocytogenesis, and chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rald V M Groven
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Division of Traumasurgery, Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Johan van Koll
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Poeze
- Division of Traumasurgery, Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Taco J Blokhuis
- Division of Traumasurgery, Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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27
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Wang S, Wang Z, Su H, Chen F, Ma M, Yu W, Ye G, Cen S, Mi R, Wu X, Deng W, Feng P, Zeng C, Shen H, Wu Y. Effects of long-term culture on the biological characteristics and RNA profiles of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:557-574. [PMID: 34631285 PMCID: PMC8479280 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Expansion in vitro prior to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) application is a necessary process. Functional and genomic stability has a crucial role in stem-cell-based therapies. However, the exact expression and co-expressed profiles of coding and non-coding RNAs in human bone marrow (BM)-MSCs in vitro aging are still lacking. In the present studies, the change of morphology, immunophenotype, and capacity of proliferation, differentiation, and immunoregulation of MSCs at passage (P) 4, P6, P8, P10, and P12 were investigated. RNA sequencing identified that 439 mRNAs, 65 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), 59 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 229 circular RNAs (circRNAs) were differentially expressed (DE) in P12 compared with P4, with a similar trend in P6. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified several significant biological processes and pathways, including binding, ossification, and Wnt and PPAR signaling pathways. Interaction and co-expression/localization analyses were performed for DE mRNAs and lncRNAs, and several key lncRNAs, circRNAs, and important pathways like autophagy and mitophagy were identified in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Some key RNAs found in the bioinformatics analysis were validated. Our studies indicate that replicative senescence of MSCs is a continuous process, including widespread alterations in biological characteristics and global gene expression patterns that need to be considered before therapeutic applications of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Center for Biotherapy, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, P.R. China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Su
- Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Fenglei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, P.R. China
| | - Mengjun Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, P.R. China
| | - Guiwen Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Shuizhong Cen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical Universuty, Guangzhou 510280, P.R. China
| | - Rujia Mi
- Center for Biotherapy, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wen Deng
- Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Pei Feng
- Center for Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Chenying Zeng
- Center for Biotherapy, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, P.R. China
| | - Huiyong Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Wu
- Center for Biotherapy, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, P.R. China
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28
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Chen G, Wang S, Long C, Wang Z, Chen X, Tang W, He X, Bao Z, Tan B, Lu WW, Li Z, Yang D, Xiao G, Peng S. PiRNA-63049 inhibits bone formation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4409-4425. [PMID: 34803507 PMCID: PMC8579447 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a dynamic process between bone formation mediated by osteoblasts and bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts. Disrupted bone remodeling is a key factor in postmenopausal osteoporosis, a metabolic disorder characterized by deteriorated bone microarchitecture and increased risk of fracture. Recent studies have shown that piwi-binding RNA (piRNA) is involved in the pathogenesis of certain diseases at the post-transcriptional level. Here, we analyzed piRNA-63049 (piR-63049), which may play an essential role in bone remodeling. The expression of piR-63049 significantly increased in both bone tissues and plasma of osteoporotic rats and postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. Overexpressing piR-63049 could inhibit the osteoblastogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) while knocking down piR-63049 could promote the osteoblastogenesis of BMSCs through the Wnt2b/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, knocking-down piR-63049 (piR-63049-antagonist) in vivo could attenuate the bone loss in ovariectomized rats by promoting bone formation. Taken together, the current study shows that piR-63049 inhibits bone formation through the Wnt2b/β-catenin signaling pathway. This novel piRNA may be a potential target to increase bone formation in bone loss disorders such as postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyang Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Canling Long
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhenmin Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wanze Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoqin He
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhiteng Bao
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Baoyu Tan
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - William W Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Zhizhong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Dazhi Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Songlin Peng
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tissue Reconstruction and Function Restoration, Shenzhen 518020, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Rueda-Robles A, Audano M, Álvarez-Mercado AI, Rubio-Tomás T. Functions of SMYD proteins in biological processes: What do we know? An updated review. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 712:109040. [PMID: 34555372 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifiers, such as methyltransferases, play crucial roles in the regulation of many biological processes, including development, cancer and multiple physiopathological conditions. SUMMARY The Su(Var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste and Trithorax (SET) and Myeloid, Nervy, and DEAF-1 (MYND) domain-containing (SMYD) protein family consists of five members in humans and mice (i.e. SMYD1, SMYD2, SMYD3, SMYD4 and SMYD5), which are known or predicted to have methyltransferase activity on histone and non-histone substrates. The abundance of information concerning SMYD2 and SMYD3 is of note, whereas the other members of the SMYD family have not been so thoroughly studied CONCLUSION: Here we review the literature regarding SMYD proteins published in the last five years, including basic molecular biology mechanistic studies using in vitro systems and animal models, as well as human studies with a more translational or clinical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ascensión Rueda-Robles
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Matteo Audano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana I Álvarez-Mercado
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, 18014, Spain.
| | - Teresa Rubio-Tomás
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain; School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013, Herakleion, Crete, Greece.
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Ali SA, Peffers MJ, Ormseth MJ, Jurisica I, Kapoor M. The non-coding RNA interactome in joint health and disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021; 17:692-705. [PMID: 34588660 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00687-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs have distinct regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of joint diseases including osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As the amount of high-throughput profiling studies and mechanistic investigations of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs in joint tissues and biofluids has increased, data have emerged that suggest complex interactions among non-coding RNAs that are often overlooked as critical regulators of gene expression. Identifying these non-coding RNAs and their interactions is useful for understanding both joint health and disease. Non-coding RNAs regulate signalling pathways and biological processes that are important for normal joint development but, when dysregulated, can contribute to disease. The specific expression profiles of non-coding RNAs in various disease states support their roles as promising candidate biomarkers, mediators of pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. This Review synthesizes literature published in the past 2 years on the role of non-coding RNAs in OA and RA with a focus on inflammation, cell death, cell proliferation and extracellular matrix dysregulation. Research to date makes it apparent that 'non-coding' does not mean 'non-essential' and that non-coding RNAs are important parts of a complex interactome that underlies OA and RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabana A Ali
- Bone and Joint Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA. .,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michelle J Ormseth
- Department of Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopaedics, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohit Kapoor
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopaedics, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Surgery and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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31
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Liu J, Chen M, Ma L, Dang X, Du G. piRNA-36741 regulates BMP2-mediated osteoblast differentiation via METTL3 controlled m6A modification. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:23361-23375. [PMID: 34645714 PMCID: PMC8544320 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is essential for bone formation, and its imbalance can lead to bone diseases such as osteoporosis. It is reported that PIWI-interacting RNA-36741 (piR-36741) is up-regulated during the osteogenic differentiation, but its role in regulating osteogenic differentiation remains unclear. Here, the primary human BMSCs were used to induce osteogenic differentiation, and the expression of piR-36741 and METTL3 (methyltransferase like 3) was up-regulated during the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Moreover, interference with piR-36741 or METTL3 markedly hindered the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which was manifested by a reduction in osteoblast marker expression (including RUNX2, COL1A1, OPN and OCN), osteogenic phenotype and matrix mineralization. Mechanistically, the piR-36741-PIWIL4 complex directly interacted with METTL3 and prevented METTL3-mediated m6A modification of BMP2 mRNA transcripts, thereby promoting BMP2 expression. And overexpression of BMP2 reversed the inhibitory effect of piR-36741 silence on osteogenic differentiation and the Smad pathway activity. In addition, administration with piR-36741 mimic alleviated ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in mice. In conclusion, piRNA-36741 overexpression promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and mitigated ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis through METTL3-mediated m6A methylation of BMP2 transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Liu
- Surgery Department, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
| | - Longyang Ma
- Surgery Department, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
| | - Xingbo Dang
- Surgery Department, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
| | - Gongliang Du
- Surgery Department, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
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32
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Zhang Z, Zhou H, Sun F, Han J, Han Y. Circ_FBLN1 promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by regulating let-7i-5p/FZD4 axis and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2021; 53:561-572. [PMID: 34424449 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-021-09917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, more and more circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified in osteogenesis. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of circ_FBLN1 on the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). METHODS The protein levels of osteogenesis-related genes, let-7i-5p, frizzled class receptor 4 (FZD4), Ki67, Wnt6 and β-catenin were measured by western blot assay. The levels of circ_FBLN1, FBLN1 mRNA and FZD4 mRNA were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. The feature of circ_FBLN1 was investigated by RNase R and Actinomycin D assays. Cell proliferation ability was evaluated by colony formation assay and 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The targeting relationship between let-7i-5p and circ_FBLN1 or FZD4 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Circ_FBLN1 level was enhanced during the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Silencing of circ_FBLN1 repressed cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs. For mechanism analysis, circ_FBLN1 was found to act as a sponge for let-7i-5p and FZD4 served as a direct target gene of let-7i-5p. Let-7i-5p was downregulated during the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and let-7i-5p inhibition restored the effects of circ_FBLN1 knockdown on the proliferation and osteogenesis of hBMSCs. Moreover, let-7i-5p overexpression suppressed cell proliferation and osteogenesis in hBMSCs through targeting FZD4. In addition, circ_FBLN1 knockdown reduced the levels of Wnt6 and β-catenin in hBMSCs, indicating the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CONCLUSION Knockdown of circ_FBLN1 inhibited the proliferation and osteogenesis of hBMSCs by regulating let-7i-5p/FZD4 axis and repressing Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhang
- Department of Spine, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huachao Zhou
- Department of the Orthopaedic Trauma, Zaozhuang Mining Group Zaozhuang Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of the Orthopaedic Trauma, Zaozhuang Mining Group Zaozhuang Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Jianjian Han
- Department of the Orthopaedic Trauma, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yongyuan Han
- Department of Orthopedics, No.4 Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.202 Xuezhuang Community, Zhongxin Street, Zaozhuang, 277101, Shandong, China.
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Chen F, He Y, Li Z, Xu B, Ye Q, Li X, Ma Z, Song W, Zhang Y. A novel tunable, highly biocompatible and injectable DNA-chitosan hybrid hydrogel fabricated by electrostatic interaction between chitosan and DNA backbone. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120938. [PMID: 34310955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The injectable hydrogel is an ideal reservoir for drug delivery. In this study, a new injectable DNA hydrogel was fabricated. Firstly, the DNA pre-gel was obtained by heat-cool treatments to induce cross-linkage through base-paring. Then, the pre-gel was cross-linked with chitosan (CS) through electrostatic interaction, which was confirmed by ATR-FTIR and XPS analysis. The DNA-CS hybrid gel showed finely tunable various properties such as porosity and viscosity. To simulate the biomedical application, the dexamethasone (Dex) was loaded into the gel and coated onto titanium implant surface to induce macrophages M2 polarization. Due to the excellent biocompatibility and Dex delivery, the decorated implant surface was favorable for RAW264.7 cells growth and showed powerful effects of inducing M2 polarization both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, it is the first report of DNA hydrogel synthesis via CS cross-linkage and the injectable DNA-CS hybrid gel was superb for therapeutic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yide He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Boya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qingyuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhiwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Yumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Tang JZ, Zhao GY, Zhao JZ, Di DH, Wang B. lncRNA IGF2-AS promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by sponging miR-3,126-5p to upregulate KLK4. J Gene Med 2021; 23:e3372. [PMID: 34101307 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP) is a bone disease characterized by reduced amount and quality of bone. This study was designed to explore the role and mechanism of lncRNA IGF2-AS in the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS Human lncRNA and miRNA microarray analyses were performed to measure the differential expression levels of lncRNAs and miRNAs in undifferentiated and osteogenically differentiated BMSCs. lncRNA IGF2-AS, miR-3,126-5p, and KLK4 levels were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin Red staining (ARS). Protein levels of osterix (Osx), osteocalcin (OCN), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) were examined by RT-PCR and western blot assays. The binding relationship between miR-3,126-5p and lncRNA IGF2-AS or KLK4 was predicted by TargetScan (http://www.targetscan.org/vert_72/) and then verified with a dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS lncRNA IGF2-AS and KLK4 were highly expressed and miR-3,126-5p was weakly expressed in osteogenically differentiated BMSCs. Moreover, lncRNA IGF2-AS overexpression enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In contrast, lncRNA IGF2-AS knockdown showed the opposite trend. Moreover, miR-3,126-5p overexpression abolished the lncRNA IGF2-AS-mediated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. lncRNA IGF2-AS functions as a sponge of miR-3,126-5p to regulate KLK4 expression. CONCLUSION lncRNA IGF2-AS enhances the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by modulating the miR-3,126-5p/KLK4 axis, suggesting a promising therapeutic target for bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhu Tang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhen Jiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guo Yang Zhao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhen Jiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Zhong Zhao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhen Jiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dong Hua Di
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhen Jiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhen Jiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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Jiang H, Lou P, Chen X, Wu C, Shao S. Deregulation of lncRNA HIST1H2AG-6 and AIM1-3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:149. [PMID: 34092238 PMCID: PMC8182924 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is mainly affected by genetic and environmental factors; however, the correlation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with T2DM remains largely unknown. METHODS Microarray analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in patients with T2DM and healthy controls, and the expression of two candidate lncRNAs (lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3) were further validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to measure the degree of association between the two candidate lncRNAs and differentially expressed mRNAs. Furthermore, the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway and GO (Gene Ontology) enrichment analysis were used to reveal the biological functions of the two candidate lncRNAs. Additionally, multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed. RESULTS The microarray analysis revealed that there were 55 lncRNAs and 36 mRNAs differentially expressed in patients with T2DM compared with healthy controls. Notably, lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 was significantly upregulated and lnc-AIM1-3 was significantly downregulated in patients with T2DM, which was validated in a large-scale qRT-PCR examination (90 controls and 100 patients with T2DM). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient revealed that both lncRNAs were correlated with 36 differentially expressed mRNAs. Furthermore, functional enrichment (KEGG and GO) analysis demonstrated that the two lncRNA-related mRNAs might be involved in multiple biological functions, including cell programmed death, negative regulation of insulin receptor signal, and starch and sucrose metabolism. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3 were significantly correlated with T2DM (OR = 5.791 and 0.071, respectively, both P = 0.000). Furthermore, the ROC curve showed that the expression of lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3 might be used to differentiate patients with T2DM from healthy controls (area under the ROC curve = 0.664 and 0.769, respectively). CONCLUSION The profiles of lncRNA and mRNA were significantly changed in patients with T2DM. The expression levels of lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3 genes were significantly correlated with some features of T2DM, which may be used to distinguish patients with T2DM from healthy controls and may serve as potential novel biomarkers for diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Peian Lou
- Xuzhou Center for Disease Control Prevention, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Xiaoluo Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Chenguang Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Shihe Shao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu Province, China.
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36
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Brose TZ, Kubosch EJ, Schmal H, Stoddart MJ, Armiento AR. Crosstalk Between Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Chondrocytes: The Hidden Therapeutic Potential for Cartilage Regeneration. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1647-1665. [PMID: 33954877 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage injuries following trauma create a puzzling clinical scenario. The finite reparative potential of articular cartilage is well known, and injuries are associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. Cell-based therapies have spotlighted chondrocytes and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as the functional unit of articular cartilage and the progenitor cells, respectively. The available clinical treatments cannot reproduce the biomechanical properties of articular cartilage and call for continuous investigations into alternative approaches. Co-cultures of chondrocytes and MSCs are an attractive in vitro system to step closer to the in vivo multicellular environment's complexity. Research on the mechanisms of interaction between both cell types will reveal essential cues to understand cartilage regeneration. This review describes the latest discoveries on these interactions, along with advantages and main challenges in vitro and in vivo. The successful clinical translation of in vitro studies requires establishing rigorous standards and clinically relevant research models and an organ-targeting therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Z Brose
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva J Kubosch
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Angela R Armiento
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
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Della Bella E, Buetti-Dinh A, Licandro G, Ahmad P, Basoli V, Alini M, Stoddart MJ. Dexamethasone Induces Changes in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via SOX9 and PPARG, but Not RUNX2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4785. [PMID: 33946412 PMCID: PMC8124248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the huge body of research on osteogenic differentiation and bone tissue engineering, the translation potential of in vitro results still does not match the effort employed. One reason might be that the protocols used for in vitro research have inherent pitfalls. The synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone is commonly used in protocols for trilineage differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs). However, in the case of osteogenic commitment, dexamethasone has the main pitfall of inhibiting terminal osteoblast differentiation, and its pro-adipogenic effect is well known. In this work, we aimed to clarify the role of dexamethasone in the osteogenesis of hBMSCs, with a particular focus on off-target differentiation. The results showed that dexamethasone does induce osteogenic differentiation by inhibiting SOX9 expression, but not directly through RUNX2 upregulation as it is commonly thought. Rather, PPARG is concomitantly and strongly upregulated, leading to the formation of adipocyte-like cells within osteogenic cultures. Limiting the exposure to dexamethasone to the first week of differentiation did not affect the mineralization potential. Gene expression levels of RUNX2, SOX9, and PPARG were simulated using approximate Bayesian computation based on a simplified theoretical model, which was able to reproduce the observed experimental trends but with a different range of responses, indicating that other factors should be integrated to fully understand how dexamethasone influences cell fate. In summary, this work provides evidence that current in vitro differentiation protocols based on dexamethasone do not represent a good model, and further research is warranted in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Della Bella
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Antoine Buetti-Dinh
- Laboratory of applied microbiology (LMA), Department of Environment, Constructions and Design (DACD), University of Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge—Batiment Genopode, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ginevra Licandro
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA), University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6928 Manno, Switzerland;
- University of Applied Science and Art of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), 6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Paras Ahmad
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Valentina Basoli
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Martin J. Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland; (E.D.B.); (P.A.); (V.B.); (M.A.)
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Lin Z, Tang X, Wan J, Zhang X, Liu C, Liu T. Functions and mechanisms of circular RNAs in regulating stem cell differentiation. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2136-2149. [PMID: 33896374 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1913551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a class of undifferentiated cells with great self-renewal and differentiation capabilities that can differentiate into mature cells in specific tissue types. Stem cell differentiation plays critical roles in body homoeostasis, injury repair and tissue generation. The important functions of stem cell differentiation have resulted in numerous studies focusing on the complex molecular mechanisms and various signalling pathways controlling stem cell differentiation. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of noncoding RNAs with a covalently closed structure present in eukaryotes. Numerous studies have highlighted important biological functions of circRNAs, and they play multiple regulatory roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Importantly, multiple lines of evidence have shown the abnormal expression of numerous circRNAs during stem cell differentiation, and some play a role in regulating stem cell differentiation, highlighting the role of circRNAs as novel biomarkers of stem cell differentiation and novel targets for stem cell-based therapy. In this review, we systematically summarize and discuss recent advances in our understanding of the roles and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in modulating stem cell differentiation, thus providing guidance for future studies to investigate stem cell differentiation and stem cell-based therapy.Abbreviations: CircRNAs: circular RNAs; ESCs: embryonic stem cells; ADSCs: adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; ecircRNAs: exonic circRNAs; EIciRNAs: exon-intron circRNAs; eiRNAs: circular intronic RNAs; tricRNAs: tRNA intronic circRNAs; pol II: polymerase II; snRNP: small nuclear ribonucleoprotein; m6A: N6-methyladenosine; AGO2: Argonaute 2; RBPs: RNA-binding proteins; MBNL: muscleblind-like protein 1; MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells; hiPSCs: human induced pluripotent stem cells; hiPSC-CMs: hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes; hBMSCs: human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; hADSCs: human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; hDPSCs: human dental pulp stem cells; RNA-seq: high-throughput RNA sequencing; HSCs: haematopoietic stem cells; NSCs: neural stem cells; EpSCs: epidermal stem cells; hESCs: human embryonic stem cells; mESCs: murine embryonic stem cells; MNs: motor neurons; SSUP: small subunit processome; BMSCs: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; OGN: osteoglycin; GIOP: glucocorticoid‑induced osteoporosis; CDR1as: cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 transcript; SONFH: steroid-induced osteogenesis of the femoral head; rBMSCs: rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; QUE: quercetin; AcvR1b: activin A receptor type 1B; BSP: bone sialoprotein; mADSCs: mouse ADSCs; PTBP1: polypyrimidine tract-binding protein; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; hUCMSCs: MSCs derived from human umbilical cord; MSMSCs: maxillary sinus membrane stem cells; SCAPs: stem cells from the apical papilla; MyoD: myogenic differentiation protein 1; MSTN: myostatin; MEF2C: myocyte enhancer factor 2C; BCLAF1: BCL2-associated transcription factor 1; EpSCs: epidermal stem cells; ISCs: intestinal stem cells; NSCs: neural stem cells; Lgr5+ ISCs: crypt base columnar cells; ILCs: innate lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xianzhe Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chenzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Ahmad P, Stoddart MJ, Della Bella E. The Role of Noncoding RNAs in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. CRANIOMAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA & RECONSTRUCTION OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/2472751221999229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis, are the most common causes of bone tissue destruction. Periodontitis often leads to loss of connective tissue homeostasis and reduced alveolar bone levels. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), a population of multipotent stem cells derived from periodontal ligament tissues, are considered as candidate cells for the regeneration of alveolar bone and periodontal tissues. Periodontitis impairs the osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA), have been proposed as vital regulators influencing several differentiation processes including bone regeneration. Still, the molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs regulating osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs remain poorly understood. Exploring the influence of ncRNAs in the process of osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs may provide novel therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration as the regeneration of the lost periodontium is the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Ahmad
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Martin J. Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Zhi F, Ding Y, Wang R, Yang Y, Luo K, Hua F. Exosomal hsa_circ_0006859 is a potential biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis and enhances adipogenic versus osteogenic differentiation in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by sponging miR-431-5p. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:157. [PMID: 33648601 PMCID: PMC7923524 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02214-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, osteoporosis occurs especially in postmenopausal women. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as major drivers in human disease. The aim of the present study was to analyse circRNA expression profiles in osteoporosis and to explore the clinical significance and the regulatory molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0006859 during osteoporosis. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from clinically collected serum samples. A circRNA microarray was performed to screen differentially expressed circRNAs. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot were performed to analyse target gene mRNA expression and protein expression. Alizarin red staining (ARS) was performed to evaluate the mineralization ability of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). Oil Red O staining was performed to evaluate the lipid droplet formation ability of hBMSCs. Bioinformatics analysis and the luciferase reporter assay were performed to investigate the interaction between two genes. RESULTS Hsa_circ_0006859 was identified as one of the most upregulated circRNAs in the microarray analysis. Hsa_circ_0006859 in exosomes was upregulated in osteoporosis patients compared to healthy controls. Hsa_circ_0006859 differentiated osteopenia or osteoporosis patients from healthy controls with high sensitivity and specificity. Hsa_circ_0006859 suppressed osteoblastic differentiation and promoted adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Hsa_circ_0006859 directly bound to miR-431-5p, and ROCK1 was identified as a novel target gene of miR-431-5p. Hsa_circ_0006859 is a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-431-5p that promotes ROCK1 expression. Hsa_circ_0006859 suppressed osteogenesis and promoted adipogenesis by sponging miR-431-5p to upregulate ROCK1. CONCLUSIONS Exosomal hsa_circ_0006859 is a potential biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis and controls the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis in hBMSCs by sponging miR-431-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujiao Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaiming Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Hua
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang W, Qi L, Chen R, He J, Liu Z, Wang W, Tu C, Li Z. Circular RNAs in osteoarthritis: indispensable regulators and novel strategies in clinical implications. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:23. [PMID: 33436088 PMCID: PMC7802294 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02420-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as a hot spot and sparked intensive interest. Initially considered as the transcriptional noises, further studies have indicated that circRNAs are crucial regulators in multiple cellular biological processes, and thus engage in the development and progression of many diseases including osteoarthritis (OA). OA is a prevalent disease that mainly affects those aging, obese and post-traumatic population, posing as a major source of socioeconomic burden. Recently, numerous circRNAs have been found aberrantly expressed in OA tissues compared with counterparts. More importantly, circRNAs have been demonstrated to interplay with components in OA microenvironments, such as chondrocytes, synoviocytes and macrophages, by regulation of their proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, or extracellular matrix reorganization. Herein, in this review, we extensively summarize the roles of circRNAs in OA microenvironment, progression, and putative treatment, as well as envision the future directions for circRNAs research in OA, with the aim to provide a novel insight into this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China
| | - Jieyu He
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyue Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China
| | - Chao Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China.
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China.
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Wangler S, Kamali A, Wapp C, Wuertz-Kozak K, Häckel S, Fortes C, Benneker LM, Haglund L, Richards RG, Alini M, Peroglio M, Grad S. Uncovering the secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells exposed to healthy, traumatic, and degenerative intervertebral discs: a proteomic analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:11. [PMID: 33413584 PMCID: PMC7789679 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been introduced as promising cell source for regenerative medicine. Besides their multilineage differentiation capacity, MSCs release a wide spectrum of bioactive factors. This secretome holds immunomodulatory and regenerative capacities. In intervertebral disc (IVD) cells, application of MSC secretome has been shown to decrease the apoptosis rate, induce proliferation, and promote production of extracellular matrix (ECM). For clinical translation of secretome-based treatment, characterization of the secretome composition is needed to better understand the induced biological processes and identify potentially effective secretomes. METHODS This study aimed to investigate the proteome released by bone marrow-derived MSCs following exposure to a healthy, traumatic, or degenerative human IVD environment by mass spectroscopy and quantitative immunoassay analyses. Exposure of MSCs to the proinflammatory stimulus interleukin 1β (IL-1β) was used as control. RESULTS Compared to MSC baseline secretome, there were 224 significantly up- or downregulated proteins following healthy, 179 following traumatic, 223 following degenerative IVD, and 160 proteins following IL-1β stimulus. Stimulation of MSCs with IVD conditioned media induced a more complex MSC secretome, involving more biological processes, compared to stimulation with IL-1β. The MSC response to stimulation with IVD conditioned medium was dependent on their pathological status. CONCLUSIONS The MSC secretome seemed to match the primary need of the IVD: homeostasis maintenance in the case of healthy IVDs, versus immunomodulation, adjustment of ECM synthesis and degradation disbalance, and ECM (re) organization in the case of traumatic and degenerative IVDs. These findings highlight the importance of cell preconditioning in the development of tailored secretome therapies. The secretome of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) stimulated with intervertebral disc (IVD) conditioned medium was analyzed by proteomic profiling. Depending on the pathological state of the IVD, the MSC secretome protein composition indicated immunomodulatory or anabolic activity of the secretome. These findings may have implications for tailored secretome therapy for the IVD and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wangler
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amir Kamali
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Christina Wapp
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), Rochester, NY, USA
- Schön Clinic Munich Harlaching, Spine Center, Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg (Austria), Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Häckel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Lorin M Benneker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lisbet Haglund
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - R Geoff Richards
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Peroglio
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sibylle Grad
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Zhou J, Qiu C, Fan Z, Liu T, Liu T. Circular RNAs in stem cell differentiation: a sponge-like role for miRNAs. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2438-2448. [PMID: 33967622 PMCID: PMC8100645 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.56457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel endogenous non-coding RNAs that play a critical role during cellular signal transduction, gene transcription and translation. With the rapid advancement of bioinformatics analysis tools and high-throughput RNA sequencing, numerous circRNAs with important biological features have been identified. They function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) of microRNAs and as such exhibit the potential to act as biomarkers for stem cell differentiation. In the recent past, several studies have shown the involvement of circRNAs in stem cells differentiation. The present review summarizes the molecular characteristics, biogenesis and mechanisms of newly identified circRNAs in the differentiation of stem cells. In conclusion, circRNAs regulate the stem cells differentiation via their ambient binding efficacy to modulate miRNA expression, as well as related gene translation. We believe that this review will provide reference guidance for future studies on stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Fan
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Zhao L, Yang S, Cen Y, Zhu T, Wang L, Xia L, Liu Y, Zou J, Xu J, Li Y, Cheng X, Lu W, Wang X, Xie X. CircCDKN2B-AS1 interacts with IMP3 to stabilize hexokinase 2 mRNA and facilitate cervical squamous cell carcinoma aerobic glycolysis progression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:281. [PMID: 33308298 PMCID: PMC7731507 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01793-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play key roles in the development of various cancers. However, the biological functions and clinical significance of most circRNAs are still elusive. The purpose of this study was to explore the function and mechanism of a certain circRNA named circCDKN2B-AS1 in cervical cancer development and its potential value in the clinic. Methods qRT-PCR was used to verify the expression level of circCDKN2B-AS1. CCK-8, Transwell, and flow cytometry (FCM) assays were performed to detect cellular proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, respectively. A Seahorse XFe96 Analyzer was used to measure glycolysis metabolism level. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), actinomycin-D addition assays and Western blotting were used to screen and elucidate the potential mechanisms involved. BALB/c nude mice and zebrafish embryos (AB, WT) were used as animal models to investigate tumorigenesis capability. 18FDG-microPET/CT imaging and lactic acid (LA) and pyruvic acid (PA) content detection assays were used to detect the level of glucose metabolism in subcutaneous tumors from nude mice. Results CircCDKN2B-AS1, a circular isoform of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CDKN2B-AS1, was upregulated in cervical cancer and precancerous tissues. We found that circCDKN2B-AS1 associated with the IMP3 protein depending on a specific binding site and regulated the stability of Hexokinase 2 (HK2) mRNA, the rate-limiting enzyme of the aerobic glycolysis pathway. The expression level of circCDKN2B-AS1 fated the binding of IMP3 to the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of HK2 mRNA, consequently affecting the malignant cell phenotype and aerobic glycolysis in cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo. Mutant circCDKN2B-AS1, lacking the IMP3 binding site, did not have such effects. Utilization of an inhibitory peptide to block the interaction between circCDKN2B-AS1 and the IMP3 protein impeded the binding of IMP3 to the 3’UTR of HK2 mRNA and suppressed aerobic glycolysis in cervical cancer cells. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that circCDKN2B-AS1 facilitates aerobic glycolysis by sponging the IMP3 protein to stabilize HK2 mRNA, consequently promoting the malignant phenotype in cervical cancer, which may provide a potential approach for cervical cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women's Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women's Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Shizhou Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, No.1 Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yixuan Cen
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women's Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Tingjia Zhu
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women's Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Lingfang Wang
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women's Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Lili Xia
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women's Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yuwan Liu
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province; Women's Hospital; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, No.1 Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Junfen Xu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, No.1 Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, No.1 Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, No.1 Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, No.1 Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, No.1 Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Xing Xie
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, No.1 Xueshi Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Robert AW, Marcon BH, Dallagiovanna B, Shigunov P. Adipogenesis, Osteogenesis, and Chondrogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: A Comparative Transcriptome Approach. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:561. [PMID: 32733882 PMCID: PMC7362937 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are complex and highly regulated processes. Over the years, several studies have focused on understanding the mechanisms involved in the MSC commitment to the osteogenic, adipogenic and/or chondrogenic phenotypes. High-throughput methodologies have been used to investigate the gene expression profile during differentiation. Association of data analysis of mRNAs, microRNAs, circular RNAs and long non-coding RNAs, obtained at different time points over these processes, are important to depict the complexity of differentiation. This review will discuss the results that were highlighted in transcriptome analyses of MSC undergoing adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. The focus is to shed light on key molecules, main signaling pathways and biological processes related to different time points of adipogenesis, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anny W Robert
- Instituto Carlos Chagas - Fiocruz Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bruna H Marcon
- Instituto Carlos Chagas - Fiocruz Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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