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Zhu Y, Yang M, Xu W, Zhang Y, Pan L, Wang L, Wang F, Lu Y. The collagen matrix regulates the survival and function of pancreatic islets. Endocrine 2024; 83:537-547. [PMID: 37999835 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides an appropriate microenvironment for many kinds of cells, including pancreatic cells. Collagens are the most abundant components of the ECM. Type I, IV, V and VI collagen has been detected in pancreatic islets, and each type plays important role in the proliferation, survival, function and differentiation of pancreatic cells. In some cases, collagens show behaviours similar to those of growth factors and regulate the biological behaviour of β cells by binding with certain growth factors, including IGFs, EGFs and FGFs. The transcriptional coactivator YAP/TAZ has been widely recognised as a mechanosensor that senses changes in the physical characteristics of the ECM and inhibition of YAP/TAZ enhances insulin production and secretion. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterised by the destruction of insulin-producing β cells. The crosstalk between collagens and immune cells plays a key role in the development and differentiation of immune cells. Further, Supplementation with collagens during islet transplantation is a promising strategy for improving the quality of the islets. But, excessive collagen deposition results in pancreatic fibrosis and pancreatic carcinoma. Targeting inhibit Piezo, autophagy or IL-6 may reduce excessive collagen deposition-induced pancreatic fibrosis and pancreatic carcinoma. This review provides insights into the treatment of T1DM to prolong life expectancy and provides the potential targets for treating collagen deposition-induced pancreatic fibrosis and pancreatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhu
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Wanli Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanting Lu
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China.
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2
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Dayer D, Bayati V, Ebrahimi M. Manipulation of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Maintenance, Differentiation, and Endocrine Activity of Insulin-Producing Cells: A Systematic Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 49:65-76. [PMID: 38356490 PMCID: PMC10862108 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2023.95425.2678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Some studies have evaluated the manipulation of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway to generate more efficient insulin-producing cells (IPCs). In a systematic review, we evaluated in vitro and in vivo studies on the effect of inhibition or activation of the Shh pathway on the production, differentiation, maintenance, and endocrine activity of IPCs. Methods A systematic review was conducted using all available experimental studies published between January 2000 and November 2022. The review aimed at determining the effect of Shh manipulation on the differentiation of stem cells (SCs) into IPCs. Keywords and phrases using medical subject headings were extracted, and a complete search was performed in Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. The inclusion criteria were manipulation of Shh in SCs, SCs differentiation into IPCs, and endocrine activity of mature IPCs. Articles with incomplete data and duplications were excluded. Results A total of 208 articles were initially identified, out of which 11 articles were included in the study. The effect of Shh inhibition in the definitive endoderm stage to produce functional IPCs were confirmed. Some studies showed the importance of Shh re-activation at late-stage differentiation for the generation of efficient IPCs. It is proposed that baseline concentrations of Shh in mature pancreatic β-cells affect insulin secretion and endocrine activities of the cells. However, Shh overexpression in pancreatic β-cells ultimately leads to improper endocrine function and inadequate glucose-sensing insulin secretion. Conclusion Accurate manipulation of the Shh signaling pathway can be an effective approach in the production and maintenance of functional IPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Dayer
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahid Bayati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mina Ebrahimi
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Landshammer A, Bolondi A, Kretzmer H, Much C, Buschow R, Rose A, Wu HJ, Mackowiak SD, Braendl B, Giesselmann P, Tornisiello R, Parsi KM, Huey J, Mielke T, Meierhofer D, Maehr R, Hnisz D, Michor F, Rinn JL, Meissner A. T-REX17 is a transiently expressed non-coding RNA essential for human endoderm formation. eLife 2023; 12:e83077. [PMID: 36719724 PMCID: PMC9889090 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as fundamental regulators in various biological processes, including embryonic development and cellular differentiation. Despite much progress over the past decade, the genome-wide annotation of lncRNAs remains incomplete and many known non-coding loci are still poorly characterized. Here, we report the discovery of a previously unannotated lncRNA that is transcribed 230 kb upstream of the SOX17 gene and located within the same topologically associating domain. We termed it T-REX17 (Transcript Regulating Endoderm and activated by soX17) and show that it is induced following SOX17 activation but its expression is more tightly restricted to early definitive endoderm. Loss of T-REX17 affects crucial functions independent of SOX17 and leads to an aberrant endodermal transcriptome, signaling pathway deregulation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition defects. Consequently, cells lacking the lncRNA cannot further differentiate into more mature endodermal cell types. Taken together, our study identified and characterized T-REX17 as a transiently expressed and essential non-coding regulator in early human endoderm differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandro Landshammer
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Adriano Bolondi
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Helene Kretzmer
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
| | - Christian Much
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder and BioFrontiers InstituteBoulderUnited States
| | - René Buschow
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Microscopy Core FacilityBerlinGermany
| | - Alina Rose
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular ResearchLeipzigGermany
| | - Hua-Jun Wu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonUnited States
- Center for Precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center and Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Sebastian D Mackowiak
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
| | - Bjoern Braendl
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
| | - Pay Giesselmann
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
| | - Rosaria Tornisiello
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
| | - Krishna Mohan Parsi
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterUnited States
| | - Jack Huey
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterUnited States
| | - Thorsten Mielke
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Microscopy Core FacilityBerlinGermany
| | - David Meierhofer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Mass Spectrometry Core FacilityBerlinGermany
| | - René Maehr
- Center for Precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center and Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterUnited States
| | - Denes Hnisz
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
| | - Franziska Michor
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonUnited States
- The Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA 02215, USA, and Center for Cancer Evolution, Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteBostonUnited States
| | - John L Rinn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder and BioFrontiers InstituteBoulderUnited States
| | - Alexander Meissner
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsBerlinGermany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeUnited States
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Verhoeff K, Cuesta-Gomez N, Jasra I, Marfil-Garza B, Dadheech N, Shapiro AMJ. Optimizing Generation of Stem Cell-Derived Islet Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2683-2698. [PMID: 35639237 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a highly effective treatment for select patients with type 1 diabetes. Unfortunately, current use is limited to those with brittle disease due to donor limitations and immunosuppression requirements. Discovery of factors for induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult somatic cells into a malleable state has reinvigorated the possibility of autologous-based regenerative cell therapies. Similarly, recent progress in allogeneic human embryonic stem cell islet products is showing early success in clinical trials. Describing safe and standardized differentiation protocols with clear pathways to optimize yield and minimize off-target growth is needed to efficiently move the field forward. This review discusses current islet differentiation protocols with a detailed break-down of differentiation stages to guide step-wise controlled generation of functional islet products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Verhoeff
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nerea Cuesta-Gomez
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ila Jasra
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Braulio Marfil-Garza
- National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, and CHRISTUS-LatAm Hub - Excellence and Innovation Center, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Nidheesh Dadheech
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
- 1-002 Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, 112 St. NW & 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada.
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Ornitz DM, Itoh N. New developments in the biology of fibroblast growth factors. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1549. [PMID: 35142107 PMCID: PMC10115509 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine kinases (FGFRs 1-4) and four intracellular proteins (intracellular FGFs or iFGFs) that primarily function to regulate the activity of voltage-gated sodium channels and other molecules. The canonical FGFs, endocrine FGFs, and iFGFs have been reviewed extensively by us and others. In this review, we briefly summarize past reviews and then focus on new developments in the FGF field since our last review in 2015. Some of the highlights in the past 6 years include the use of optogenetic tools, viral vectors, and inducible transgenes to experimentally modulate FGF signaling, the clinical use of small molecule FGFR inhibitors, an expanded understanding of endocrine FGF signaling, functions for FGF signaling in stem cell pluripotency and differentiation, roles for FGF signaling in tissue homeostasis and regeneration, a continuing elaboration of mechanisms of FGF signaling in development, and an expanding appreciation of roles for FGF signaling in neuropsychiatric diseases. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Congenital Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Cancer > Stem Cells and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Itoh
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
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Dettmer R, Niwolik I, Mehmeti I, Jörns A, Naujok O. New hPSC SOX9 and INS Reporter Cell Lines Facilitate the Observation and Optimization of Differentiation into Insulin-Producing Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:2193-2209. [PMID: 34415483 PMCID: PMC8599335 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10232-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into insulin-producing stem cell-derived beta cells harbors great potential for research and therapy of diabetes. SOX9 plays a crucial role during development of the pancreas and particularly in the development of insulin-producing cells as SOX9+ cells form the source for NEUROG3+ endocrine progenitor cells. For the purpose of easy monitoring of differentiation efficiencies into pancreatic progenitors and insulin-producing cells, we generated new reporter lines by knocking in a P2A-H-2Kk-F2A-GFP2 reporter gene into the SOX9-locus and a P2A-mCherry reporter gene into the INS-locus mediated by CRISPR/CAS9-technology. The knock-ins enabled co-expression of the endogenous and reporter genes and report on the endogenous gene expression. Furthermore, FACS and MACS enabled the purification of pancreatic progenitors and insulin-producing cells. Using these cell lines, we established a new differentiation protocol geared towards SOX9+ cells to efficiently drive human pluripotent stem cells into glucose-responsive beta cells. Our new protocol offers an alternative route towards stem cell-derived beta cells, pointing out the importance of Wnt/beta-catenin inhibition and the efficacy of EGF for the development of pancreatic progenitors, as well as the significance of 3D culture for the functionality of the generated beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabea Dettmer
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Isabell Niwolik
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ilir Mehmeti
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne Jörns
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ortwin Naujok
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Dissecting FGF Signalling to Target Cellular Crosstalk in Pancreatic Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040847. [PMID: 33918004 PMCID: PMC8068358 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis with a 5 year survival rate of less than 8%, and is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Alongside late detection, which impacts upon surgical treatment, PDAC tumours are challenging to treat due to their desmoplastic stroma and hypovascular nature, which limits the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), which form a key part of this stroma, become activated in response to tumour development, entering into cross-talk with cancer cells to induce tumour cell proliferation and invasion, leading to metastatic spread. We and others have shown that Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) signalling can play a critical role in the interactions between PDAC cells and the tumour microenvironment, but it is clear that the FGFR signalling pathway is not acting in isolation. Here we describe our current understanding of the mechanisms by which FGFR signalling contributes to PDAC progression, focusing on its interaction with other pathways in signalling networks and discussing the therapeutic approaches that are being developed to try and improve prognosis for this terrible disease.
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