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Masood A, Benabdelkamel H, Joy SS, Alhossan A, Alsuwayni B, Abdeen G, Aldhwayan M, Alfadda NA, Miras AD, Alfadda AA. Label-free quantitative proteomic profiling reveals differential plasma protein expression in patients with obesity after treatment with liraglutide. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1458675. [PMID: 39324112 PMCID: PMC11422103 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1458675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Treatment and management of obesity is clinically challenging. The inclusion of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) in the medical management of obesity has proven to be efficacious. However, mechanisms underlying the molecular changes arising from GLP1RA treatment in patients with obesity remain to be elucidated. Methods A single-center, prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the changes in the plasma proteins after liraglutide 3 mg therapy in twenty patients (M/F: 7/13) with obesity (mean BMI 40.65 ± 3.7 kg/m2). Anthropometric and laboratory parameters were measured, and blood samples were collected at two time points: baseline, before initiating treatment (pretreatment group, PT), and after three months of receiving the full dose liraglutide 3 mg (posttreatment group, PoT). An untargeted label-free LC MSMS mass spectrometric approach combined with bioinformatics and network pathway analysis was used to determine changes in the proteomic profiles. Results The mean age of the study participants was 36.0 ± 11.1 years. A statistically significant change was observed in weight, BMI and HbA1c levels between the PT and PoT groups (paired t-test, P < 0.001). A significant dysregulation was noted in the abundances of 151 proteins (31 up and 120 downregulated) between the two groups. The potential biomarkers were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The top ten proteins (area under the curve (AUC) of 0.999 (95% CI)) were identified as potential biomarkers between PT and PoT groups and included Cystatin-B, major vault protein, and plastin-3, which were upregulated, whereas multimerin-2, large ribosomal P2, and proline-rich acidic protein 1 were downregulated in the PoT group compared with the PT group. The top network pathway identified using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), centered around dysregulation of MAPK, AKT, and PKc signaling pathways and related to cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, cellular assembly and organization, cellular compromise and a score of 46 with 25 focus proteins. Discussion Through label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, our study revealed significant dysregulation of plasma proteins after liraglutide 3 mg treatment in patients with obesity. The alterations in the proteomic profile between the PT and PoT groups demonstrated a decrease in levels of proteins involved in inflammation and oxidative stress pathways. On the other hand proteins involved in the glycolytic and lipolytic metabolic pathways as well as those participating in cytoskeletal and endothelial reorganization were observed to be increased. Understanding actions of liraglutide at a molecular and proteomic levels provides a holistic look into how liraglutide impacts metabolism, induces weight loss and improves overall metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Masood
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hicham Benabdelkamel
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salini Scaria Joy
- Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alhossan
- Corporate of Pharmacy Services, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bashayr Alsuwayni
- Corporate of Pharmacy Services, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Abdeen
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madhawi Aldhwayan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A. Alfadda
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander Dimitri Miras
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Derry, United Kingdom
| | - Assim A. Alfadda
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Park S, Kim EK. Machine Learning-Based Plasma Metabolomics in Liraglutide-Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Metabolites 2024; 14:483. [PMID: 39330490 PMCID: PMC11434292 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14090483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Despite its benefits, including improved glycemic control and weight loss, the common metabolic changes induced by liraglutide and correlations between those in rodents and humans remain unknown. Here, we used advanced machine learning techniques to analyze the plasma metabolomic data in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and patients with T2DM treated with liraglutide. Among the machine learning models, Support Vector Machine was the most suitable for DIO mice, and Gradient Boosting was the most suitable for patients with T2DM. Through the cross-evaluation of machine learning models, we found that liraglutide promotes metabolic shifts and interspecies correlations in these shifts between DIO mice and patients with T2DM. Our comparative analysis helped identify metabolic correlations influenced by liraglutide between humans and rodents and may guide future therapeutic strategies for T2DM and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokjae Park
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea;
- Neurometabolomics Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea;
- Neurometabolomics Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
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Khenifi ML, Serseg T, Migas P, Krauze-Baranowska M, Özdemir S, Bensouici C, Alghonaim MI, Al-Khafaji K, Alsalamah SA, Boudjeniba M, Yousfi M, Boufahja F, Bendif H, Mahdid M. HPLC-DAD-MS Characterization, Antioxidant Activity, α-amylase Inhibition, Molecular Docking, and ADMET of Flavonoids from Fenugreek Seeds. Molecules 2023; 28:7798. [PMID: 38067527 PMCID: PMC10708475 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) has a great beneficial health effect; it has been used in traditional medicine by many cultures. Likewise, the α-amylase inhibitors are potential compounds in the development of drugs for the treatment of diabetes. The beneficial health effects of fenugreek lead us to explore the chemical composition of the seeds and their antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition activities. The flavonoid extraction from fenugreek seeds was achieved with methanol through a Soxhlet apparatus. Then, the flavonoid glycosides were characterized using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis. The antioxidant capacity of fenugreek seed was measured using DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and CUPRAC assays. Finally, the α-amylase inhibition activity was carried out using in vitro and in silico methods. The methanolic extract was found to contain high amounts of total phenolics (154.68 ± 1.50 μg GAE/mg E), flavonoids (37.69 ± 0.73 μg QE/mg E). The highest radical-scavenging ability was recorded for the methanolic extract against DPPH (IC50 = 556.6 ± 9.87 μg/mL), ABTS (IC50 = 593.62 ± 9.35 μg/mL). The ME had the best reducing power according to the CUPRAC (A 0.5 = 451.90 ± 9.07 μg/mL). The results indicate that the methanolic extracts of fenugreek seed best α-amylase inhibition activities IC50 = 653.52 ± 3.24 μg/mL. Twenty-seven flavonoids were detected, and all studied flavonoids selected have good affinity and stabilize very well in the pocket of α-amylase. The interactions between the studied flavonoids with α-amylase were investigated. The flavonoids from fenugreek seed present a good inhibitory effect against α-amylase, which is beneficial for the prevention of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Lamine Khenifi
- Laboratoire d’Ethnobotanique et Substances Naturelles, Departement of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92, Kouba 16308, Algeria; (M.L.K.); (M.B.); (H.B.); (M.M.)
- Laboratoire des Sciences Appliquées et Didactiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Laghouat, B.P 4033 la gare routière, Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
| | - Talia Serseg
- Laboratoire des Sciences Appliquées et Didactiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Laghouat, B.P 4033 la gare routière, Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
- Fundamental Sciences Laboratory, Amar Telidji University, Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
| | - Piotr Migas
- Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.K.-B.)
| | - Mirosława Krauze-Baranowska
- Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.M.); (M.K.-B.)
| | - Sadin Özdemir
- Food Processing Programme, Technical Science Vocational School Mersin University, Mersin TR-33343, Turkey;
| | - Chawki Bensouici
- Biotechnology Research Center (CRBT), Ali Mendjli New Town UV 03, B.P E73, Constantine 25016, Algeria;
| | - Mohammed I. Alghonaim
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Khattab Al-Khafaji
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Energy and Environmental Science, Al-Karkh University of Science, Baghdad 10081, Iraq;
| | - Sulaiman A. Alsalamah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Messaoud Boudjeniba
- Laboratoire d’Ethnobotanique et Substances Naturelles, Departement of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92, Kouba 16308, Algeria; (M.L.K.); (M.B.); (H.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mohamed Yousfi
- Fundamental Sciences Laboratory, Amar Telidji University, Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Hamdi Bendif
- Laboratoire d’Ethnobotanique et Substances Naturelles, Departement of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92, Kouba 16308, Algeria; (M.L.K.); (M.B.); (H.B.); (M.M.)
- Department of Natural and life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Msila, Msila 28000, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Mahdid
- Laboratoire d’Ethnobotanique et Substances Naturelles, Departement of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P 92, Kouba 16308, Algeria; (M.L.K.); (M.B.); (H.B.); (M.M.)
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Romano F, Franco F, Corana M, Abbadessa G, Di Scipio F, Pergolizzi B, Castrignano C, Aimetti M, Berta GN. Cystatin SN (CST1) as a Novel Salivary Biomarker of Periodontitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13834. [PMID: 37762137 PMCID: PMC10530756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of biomarkers could help in assessing periodontal health status and monitoring treatment outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify potential innovative salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontitis using an untargeted proteomic approach. Forty-five healthy non-smoker participants diagnosed as having periodontally healthy conditions (H), severe periodontitis (P), and healthy but reduced periodontium after active periodontal treatment (T) were consecutively enrolled (15 per each group) in the study. A higher number of spots were identified in the proteome of unstimulated whole saliva collected from H and T subjects compared with P group, mainly within the range of 8-40 kDa. Protein spots of interest were analysed by MALDI-TOF-MS, allowing the identification of cystatin SN (CST1) isoform, as confirmed by Western blot. CST1 was markedly expressed in the H group, while it was absent in most P samples (p < 0.001). Interestingly, a distinct CST1 expression was observed in saliva from T patients. CST1 was negatively correlated with the percentage of pathological sites (p < 0.001) and was effective in discriminating active periodontitis from healthy periodontal status (whether H or T). Therefore, salivary CST1 may be a promising non-invasive biomarker for periodontal disease diagnosis and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Romano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, Section of Periodontology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.R.); (M.C.); (F.D.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Francesco Franco
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.F.); (G.A.); (B.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Matteo Corana
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, Section of Periodontology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.R.); (M.C.); (F.D.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Giuliana Abbadessa
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.F.); (G.A.); (B.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Federica Di Scipio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, Section of Periodontology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.R.); (M.C.); (F.D.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Barbara Pergolizzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.F.); (G.A.); (B.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Chiara Castrignano
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.F.); (G.A.); (B.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, Section of Periodontology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (F.R.); (M.C.); (F.D.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Giovanni N. Berta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.F.); (G.A.); (B.P.); (C.C.)
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Lohia S, Siwy J, Mavrogeorgis E, Eder S, Thöni S, Mayer G, Mischak H, Vlahou A, Jankowski V. Exploratory Study Analyzing the Urinary Peptidome of T2DM Patients Suggests Changes in ECM but Also Inflammatory and Metabolic Pathways Following GLP-1R Agonist Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13540. [PMID: 37686344 PMCID: PMC10488289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for approximately 90% of all diabetes mellitus cases in the world. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have established an increased capability to target directly or indirectly six core defects associated with T2DM, while the underlying molecular mechanisms of these pharmacological effects are not fully known. This exploratory study was conducted to analyze the effect of treatment with GLP-1R agonists on the urinary peptidome of T2DM patients. Urine samples of thirty-two T2DM patients from the PROVALID study ("A Prospective Cohort Study in Patients with T2DM for Validation of Biomarkers") collected pre- and post-treatment with GLP-1R agonist drugs were analyzed by CE-MS. In total, 70 urinary peptides were significantly affected by GLP-1R agonist treatment, generated from 26 different proteins. The downregulation of MMP proteases, based on the concordant downregulation of urinary collagen peptides, was highlighted. Treatment also resulted in the downregulation of peptides from SERPINA1, APOC3, CD99, CPSF6, CRNN, SERPINA6, HBA2, MB, VGF, PIGR, and TTR, many of which were previously found to be associated with increased insulin resistance and inflammation. The findings indicate potential molecular mechanisms of GLP-1R agonists in the context of the management of T2DM and the prevention or delaying of the progression of its associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonnal Lohia
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Justyna Siwy
- Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Mavrogeorgis
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne Eder
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (G.M.)
| | - Stefanie Thöni
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (G.M.)
| | - Gert Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (G.M.)
| | | | - Antonia Vlahou
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Vera Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Hussain H. Editorial for Special Issue "Natural Products as Potential Source of Antidiabetic Compounds". Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2699-2702. [PMID: 37185700 PMCID: PMC10137286 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are characterized by possessing intriguing scaffold diversity along with structural complexity and have been a comprehensive source of lead compounds for drug discovery [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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